projectreport speed breaker

Generation of Electricity through Speed Breaker Mechanism


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Dedication

I dedicate this work to my beloved parents for always supporting

me, because they are the driving force in my life and career.

Without their love, none of this would matter. Throughout my life,

they have actively supported me in my determination to find and

realize my potential, and to make this contribution to our world.


Thanks to ALLAH ALMIGHTY that enabled me to work in this project because without His approval

man can do nothing. After almighty Allah to his prophet, HAZRAT MUHAMMAD (PBUH), the most

perfect an exalted forever source of guidance and knowledge humanity as a whole.


Contents ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................ 1

chapter number 1

INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT .............................................................................................. 3

1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 4

2. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................................... 4

chapter number 2

DEMONSTRATION OF THE PROJECT.......................................................................................... 5

1. WORKING PRINCIPLE .......................................................................................................... 6

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................ 7

chapter number 3

CMODELLING, SIMULATION AND RESULTS ............................................................................... 8

1. FABRICATION DETAILS .......................................................................................................... 9

2. FABRICATION MODEL SHOWING INNER PARTS ............................................................. 9

3. MATERIALS USED ................................................................................................................. 10

4. SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................. 10

5. ADVANTAGES ....................................................................................................................... 11

6. DISADVANTAGE ................................................................................................................... 11

chapter number 4

ACCESSORIES REQUIRED ............................................................................................................ 12

1. RACK AND PINION............................................................................................................. 13

2. SPROCKET ............................................................................................................................ 14

3. DRIVE ARRANGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... 14

4. BEST ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 15

5. OTHER ACCEPTABLE ARRANGEMENTS ............................................................................ 15

6. LEAST RECOMMENDED ARRANGEMENTS ...................................................................... 16

7. SPROCKET DIMENSIONAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................. 17


chapter number 5

CHAIN DRIVES ............................................................................................................................... 19

1. Chain Drives .......................................................................................................................... 20

2. Chain Drive Design ............................................................................................................... 22

3. Vibrations .............................................................................................................................. 23

4. Avoiding vibration ................................................................................................................ 24

5. Chain Types ........................................................................................................................... 24

6. Chain Failures ........................................................................................................................ 26

chapter number 6

WHEELS AND SPRINGS ................................................................................................................ 28

1. Freewheel ............................................................................................................................... 29

2. Flywheel ................................................................................................................................. 30

3. Springs ................................................................................................................................... 32

chapter number 7

DESIGN PARAMETER`S AND LIMITATION .................................................................... 38

1. OUTPUT POWER CALCULATIONS ................................................................................... 39

2. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................. 41

3. SPROCKET WHEEL AND CHAIN ....................................................................................... 41

4. SPRINGS ............................................................................................................................... 41

5. SPUR GEARS ......................................................................................................................... 41

COST ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................. 42

REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................... 46


1

ABSTRACT

Man in his lifetime, uses energy in one form or the other. In fact whatever happens in

nature, results, out of the conversion of energy in one form or the other. The blowing of the

wind, the formation of the clouds and the flow of water are a few examples that stand

testimony to this fact. The extensive usage of energy has resulted in an energy crisis, and

there is a need to develop methods of optimal utilization, which will not only ease the crisis

but also preserve the environment. Energy conservation is the cheapest new source of

energy. This project attempts to show how energy can be tapped and used at a commonly

used system, the generation of electricity through the speed breaker mechanism.

Generation of electricity through the speed breaker mechanism is one of the most recent

power generation concepts. This device converts the kinetic energy of the vehicles

into electric energy by installing movable speed breaker on the road, it takes the stroke

motion of the vehicles and converts it to the rotary motion by rack and pinion mechanism

and it generates the electricity. This project also explains clearly, the working principle of

the designed system, its practical implementation, and its advantages. Design of each

component has been carried out using standard procedures, and the components have

been fabricated and assembled. A similar model of the system has been modeled using

AutoCAD 2007. Practical testing of the system has been done with different loads at

different speeds. The utilization of energy is an indication of the growth of a nation. One

might conclude that to be materially rich and prosperous, a human being needs to

consume more and more energy. And this project is best source of energy that we get in

day to day life.


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GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY THROUGH SPEED BREAKER

MECHANISM


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Introduction of the project

1. INTRODUCTION

2. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Chapter Number 1


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1. INTRODUCTION :- This project attempts to show how energy can be tapped and used at a commonly

used system- the road speed-breakers. The number of vehicles passing over the speed

breaker in roads is increasing day by day. A large amount of energy is wasted at the

speed breakers through the dissipation of heat and also through friction, every time a

vehicle passes over it. There is great possibility of tapping this energy and generating

power by making the speed-breaker as a power generation unit. The generated power

can be used for the lamps, near the speed-breakers. In this model we show that how we can generate a voltage from the busy traffic. Conversion of the mechanical energy into

mechanism to generate power by

converting the potential energy generated by a vehicle going up on a speed breaker into

rotational energy. We have used that simple concept to the project.

2. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT :- The utilization of energy is an indication of the growth of a nation. For example,

World average per capita electricity consumption

per capita electricity consumption of 451 kWh. Pakistan has an installed electricity

generation capacity of 22,797MW. The average demand is 17,000MW and the shortfall

is between 4,000 and 5,000MW. One might conclude that to be materially rich and

prosperous, a human being needs to consume more and more energy.

Pakistan is facing serious energy crisis at this time .Pakistan as third world developing

country is lot affected by this energy crisis in the world .The major issue is electric crisis

are lot affected

by the rise of energy prices.

energy can be tapped. This energy can be used for the lights on the either sides of the

Roads and thus much power that is consumed by these lights can be utilized to send power

to these villages.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan


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Chapter Number 2

Demonstration of the Project

1. WORKING PRINCIPLE

2. BLOCK DIAGRAM


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1 WORKING PRINCIPLE: - The project is concerned with generation of electricity from speed breakers-like set

up. The load acted upon the speed breaker - setup is there by transmitted to rack and

pinion arrangements.

Here the reciprocating motion of the speed-breaker is converted into rotary motion

using the rack and pinion arrangement. The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket

arrangement. The sprocket arrangement is made of two sprockets. One of larger size and

the other of smaller size (free wheel). Both the sprockets are connected by means of a

chain which serves in transmitting power from the larger sprocket to the smaller sprocket.

As the power is transmitted from the larger sprocket to the smaller sprocket, the speed

that is available at the larger sprocket is relatively multiplied at the rotation of the smaller

sprocket. The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a fly wheel. The fly wheel is

coupled to the shaft at axis of the smaller sprocket. Hence the speed that has been

multiplied at the smaller sprocket wheel is passed on to this fly wheel of larger dimension.

The smaller sprocket is coupled to the larger fly wheel. So as the larger fly wheel rotates

at the multiplied speed of the smaller sprocket, the smaller sprocket following the larger

sprocket still multiplies the speed to more intensity. Hence, although the speed due to the

rotary motion achieved at the larger sprocket wheel is less, as the power is transmitted to

fly wheel, finally the speed is multiplied to a higher speed. This speed which is sufficient to

rotate a shaft connected to generator. The rotor (shaft) rotates the generator. The

generator produces the DC current. This DC current is now sent to the storage battery

where it is stored during the day time. This current is then utilized in the night time for

lighting purposes on the either sides of the road to a considerable distance.


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2 BLOCK DIAGRAM: -

SPEED BRAKER

ARRANGE

MENT

BATTERY INVERTER

STREET

LIGHTS

GENERATOR

RACK & PINION

AND CHAIN

SPROCKET ARRANGEMENT

Fly wheel

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