Title: Application of geo-juteIntroduction:Jute is a natural bast fiber. Widely grows in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. Commercial jute fibers are extracted from two spices Chorchorus Capsularis (white), Chorchorus Olitorious (tossa), through complex microbial process of retting.Normally Jute fibre is swelled and degraded within six months in water and less durable in acidic, alkaline and other solutions. Quick bio degradability and high hydrophobic character of Jute fibre is the main disadvantage for using Jute as raw material for Jute Geotextile. By different modifications, Jute materials are converted into design biodegradable and hydrophobic in nature without changing its environmental friendly properties. After treatment Jute Geo-textile is expected to last for about 10 years. The treatments include:

Rot proofing treatment Treatment with specific density material Treatment with specific viscosity material Ca-based grease treatment.

Why move on to jute geo textiles?A vast range of diversified jute products can be manufactured through vertical and horizontal modification. These are textiles, hometextiles, technicaltextiles, medicaretextiles, geotextiles, agrotextiles, woven and nonwoven, composite and non composite, decoratives, toys and handicrafts, pulp/paper and their products and cellulose and cellulose derivates etc, which can be used as a substitute of cotton, wood, synthetic, plastic etc. A wide range of fabrics can be produced with the variation of drafts, twists, dollop weight, design such as plain, twill, basket, satin/steen with closed, densed and open structure with definite strength, tenacity, porosity, permeability according to need. Moreover, nonwoven, knitted and netted jute fabrics can also be manufactured by needle punching, stitching and chemical bonding, with different strength, thickness, porosity and permeability according to need. Furthermore composite types of fabrics can also be manufactured by the combination of knitted, netted jute fabric, with the specific need and functions. Jute  fibres  possess  the  following  distinctive  characteristics  that  add  to  their versatility leading to diverse end‐uses.  

High initial strength & secant modulus  Low extension at break  High roughness co‐efficient  Good dimensional stability  High moisture absorbing capacity  Superior drapabilitty  Excellent spinnability Easy availability  Soil‐nourisher Eco‐concordant 

Present position of JGT:From  conventional  sacking  to  modern  lifestyle  products  such  as  fashion accessories,  from  automobile  dashboards  to  use  in  road  construction,  the golden fibre jute  has a bewildering diversity of use with jute geotextiles (JGT) emerging as a major thrust area for expansionGeotextile particularly jute geotextiles are recently emerging technologies in geotechnical and bioengineering fields. Geotextiles are not a single commodity. These are fabricated by both synthetic and natural fiber with different design, shape, size, composition according to functional need.Woven, non-woven, composite geosynthetics are used in the construction of roads-highways, railways, water-bodies, river banks erosion controls and other areas. Recent study of International Fabrics Association shows following eight end uses for geotiextiles with the percentage of market share (i) asphalt overlay (35%) stabilizer (30%) (iii) drainage (16%) (iv) liners (6%) (v) silt fence (6%) (vi) rail road (4%) (vii) reinforcement (viii) filter in barrages/embankment, seashore protection (rest.). On the other hand in soil bioengineering, permanent and self propagating, vegetation is wanted with environmentally desirable and aesthetically pleasing besides economical and self sustainability. The roots bind the soil and counteract surface erosion and instable conditions, natural geotextiles are more acceptable for their better performance.Application of jute geo textile (JGT):

there are two type of application of jute geo textile these areExisting application of JGTProspective application of JGT

Existing Applications of JGT slope stabilization as seperator to improve roadway performance soil erosion control protection of river and canal bank

Prospective application of JGTConsidering  the  physical  attributes  of  jute,  it  is worth  trying  JGT  in  some form  or  the  other in areas other than what was indicated above. Geo‐environmental applications of JGT should demand  priority  considering  its  eco‐concordance.  In developing countries the progress so far in this area has been sluggish. Developed countries  are  likely  to  encourage  use  of  natural  bio‐degradable  products  that decompose within  its  short  ecological  cycle. Man‐made  geotextiles  have  obvious limitations  in  this  respect. Prospective application of JGT may be categorized into two  groups—geo‐environmental and geotechnical.  Geo‐environmental applications 

� Stabilization  of  mine‐spoils  and  over‐burden  dumps  (OB dumps)  � Management of fly ash (PFA) heaps  � Management of solid municipal waste (MSW)  � Water‐shed management. 

 Geo ‐ technical applications  � Turf‐reinforced mat (TRM) with JGT‐ backing  � Jute‐reinforced asphaltic overlays  � Jute‐reinforced temporary haul roads  � Fabriforms  � Jute fibre‐reinforced concrete

Project completed on JGT at Bangladesh:BJRI in cooperation with Arcedia Development Ltd. Co. successfully completed a model study with designed biodegradable jute geotextiles as separator, filter, fiber drain (BD) and reinforcing materials in a 60’x25’x20’ civil construction with 800 slope of retaining wall at BJRI premise with 5 years design life in 1993-1998. After 10 years at 2003 that no fracture observed in the model structure. On the other hand a solid Porous Cake framed with degradation of jute geo-textiles in different layers. Though strength of fabrics changes in certain area to great extent, it was postulated at certain type of complex legends might be formed with reduced lignomass, with some constitute of jute and soil.Similarly, erosion control model study was performed in Bandarban and some other places to control landslides by SRDI (Soil Resource Development Institute) and also geo-jute was successfully applied in greater Dhaka Flood Control Barrage BJMC. Again an in complete experiment was undertaken for stabilizing a section of Delduar-Lauhaty Road at Tangail District and using jute geotextiles.Another project on the Jute Geotextile-technical potential and commercial prospect was done by prof. Dr. A J Khan, civil engineering dept, BUET.

JUTE DIVERSIFICATION PROMOTION CENTRE (JDPC), DHAKA.INTERNATIONAL JUTE STUDY GROUP(IJSG) DHAKABANGLADESH JUTE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (BJRI), DHAKABANGLADESH JUTE MILLS CORPORATION (BJMC)SOIL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTEJANATA JUTE MILLS LTD (DHAKA)