project ppt line follower robot

8/17/2019 Project Ppt line follower robot

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A

PRESENTATION

ON

SOLAR USING LINE

FOLLOWER ROBOT WITH

ROBOTIC ARM


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Contents:

Introduction Block diagram

Hardware equipment

Working

Embedded system

Components used

References


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INTRODUCTION

What is Line Followe!

Line follower is a machine that can follow a path !he path can be

"isible like a black line on a white surface #or "ice$"ersa% or it can be

in"isible like a magnetic field

Wh" to #$ilt a Line %ollowe!

&pplications'$

&utomated cars running on roads with embedded magnets#E(Celectronic stability control%) guidance system for industrial robots

mo"ing on shop floor etc

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BLOC& DIAGRAM

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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WOR&ING

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• Robot is following white line on black

background

Left sensor Right sensor Left motor Rightmotor

1 1 1 1

1 0 0 1

0 1 1 0

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• When a sensor is on the black line it reads * and when it is on the

bright surface read+' and sensor module gi"es the "alue tocontroller to generate control signal according to programmer

•When both right and left sensors are on bright surface #read +% then

both couple of motor mo"e

•When left sensor comes in black #for white line tracer% region then

left motor stops while right motor continue to mo"e so that left turn

takes place and robot returns on black line

•When right sensor comes in black region then right motor stops

while left motor continue to mo"e so that right turn takes place and

robot returns on black line


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•When both sensors comes on black surface simultaneously#read *% than both motor stop

•&fter mo"ement of left$ right motor of lifter the motor for

lifting and gripping mo"e one by one for some definite time

duration defined in program using timer of controller

•!he lifter and gripper arm ha"e "arious gear arrangement) so

that after mo"ement of each motor of arm one by one the arm

pick an ob,ect or work piece softly

•&fter mo"ement of gripper motor) all the motor of arm starts

mo"ing in re"erse direction of pre"ious mo"ement) one by one

Conti('


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•&fter picking an ob,ect by gripper and lifter arm) either left or right

wheel motor starts mo"ing until the robot re"erts his path and both

sensor comes on bright surface after crossing a black surface

between

•&t destination both sensors read * simultaneously) so that pre"ious

process is repeated and the ob,ect is now placed by same mo"ement

of motor

•!he robot re"ert its path and repeats the pick and place process

again and again continuously


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HARD WARE E)UIPMENTS:

-.WER (/--L0'$ 1 "olt 2C Battery 3 (olar -anel

4ICR.C.5!R.LLER #&!67(89%

2C :E&R 4.!.R

4.!.R 2RI;ER'$ L976*8

IR (E5(.R(

RE(I(!.R( 3 C&-&CI!.R(

-IC? 3 -L&CE &R4

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EMBEDDED S*STEMS

2efinition for '$ EMBEDDED S*STEMS

& combination of hardware and software which together

form a component of a larger machine

&n e@ample of an embedded system is a microprocessor that

controls an automobile engine

&n embedded system is designed to run on its own without

human inter"ention) and may be required to respond to

e"ents in real time

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Mi+o Contolle:

6?B of In$(ystem -rogrammable #I(-% Alash 4emory

=*; to 88; .perating Range

Crystal Arequency ++ 4H

!hree$le"el -rogram 4emory Lock

=*; to 88; .perating Range

981 @ 6$bit Internal R&4


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-ins D!&L+ and D!&L9 are pro"ided for connecting a

resonant network to form an oscillator

Crystal frequency ranges from +4H to 9= 4H) one crystal

of ++*8794H and two capacitor is connected in this two pins+7 and +6 and its your clock circuit

!he 6*8+ has an acti"e high reset pin) a reset input must go

high for two machine cycles when power is first applied andthen goes low

0Contin$e(1


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PIN DIAGRAM OF AT,-S./:

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So%twae Re2$ie3ents:

?eil Compiler

Language' Embedded C


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LM4/50COMPARATOR1

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!he -orts takes two "oltage inputs at positi"e and negati"e pin

respecti"ely) compares them and gi"es a digital output in the form

of logical HI:H or logical L.W

IC L4


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IC 6,7.

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& 8olta9e e9$lato is an electricalregulator designed to automatically maintain

a constant "oltage le"el

Heat sink pro"ided in the center to releaseheat generated due to drop across the IC

Input "oltage of about 8 to +6 ; is gi"en)

:round is * ; and regulated output of F8;

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L/-4D 0HBi;9e1

•

4otors are arranged in a fashion calledH$Bridge

• H$Bridge$It is an electronic circuit

which enables a "oltage to be applied

across a load in either direction

• It allows a circuit full control o"er a

standard electric 2C motor !hat is)

with an H$bridge) a microcontroller)

logic chip) or remote control can

electronically command the motor to go

forward) re"erse) brake) and coast

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IR TRANSMITTER 0 EMITTING DIODE1

• !he IR LE2 emitting infrared light is put on in

the transmitting unit IR or ;I(IBLE light is

emitted from the emitter

•

!his emitted light strikes the surface and getsreflected back If the surface is white) more

intensity of light gets reflected and for black

surface "ery less intensity of light is reflected

IR RECEI


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PIC& AND PLACE ROBOTIC ARM


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• (marter "ersions of line followers are used to deli"er mails

within office building and deli"er medications in a hospital

• !his technology has been suggested for running buses and

other mass transit systems and may end up as a part of

autonomous cars na"igating the freeway

• /sed in hea"y machinery industry

• /sed where high load and risky operation going on

• /se in place of the crane

FUTURE SCOPE


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REFERENCES :

•wwwa"rfreakscom) Microcontrollers,Atmel

• septiembre$9**+ wwwatmelcom• !he 6*8+ 4icrocontroller and Embedded (ystems /sing

&ssembly and C By 4uhammad &li 4aidi) Ganice :illispie

4aidi 3Rolin 24c?inley•&tmelCorp 4akers of the &;R microcontroller •wwwatmelcom•wwwelectronic pro,ectscom•wwwhowstuffworkscom

http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://www.atmel.com/http://www.atmel.com/http://www.atmel.com/http://www.atmel.com/http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2Fhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_1/http:%2F%2Fwww.avrfreaks.com,microcontrollers,atmel%2F


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project ppt line follower robot

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