Project On

McDonalds

Submitted To:

Prof. Yousaf Samdani

Submitted By:

Muhammad Fahad (Group Leader) MI07BBA018Zain Humayun MI07BBA059Adeel Ahmad MI07BBA002Naeem Ahmad MI07BBA031M.Usman Mirza MI07BBA014

BBA (HONS.) MORNING SEMESTER 8th

HAILEY COLLEGE OF BANKING &FINANCE

University of the Punjab Lahore

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McDonald's acknowledgment

Mc Donald is a worldwide chain of burger and fries restaurants… they are providing high quality and hygienic food consisting of burgers and fries… they have proved their quality products… After reporting historically that its fries and hash browns were allergen-free, McDonald's announced earlier this year that in fact, the oil used to cook these items contained wheat and milk products. Numerous lawsuits have been filed against the burger chain by individuals who suffer from gluten and casein intolerance, and who claim McDonald's has put their health at risk.

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Dedication

Dedicated to our beloved parents, teachers, and friends,

whose assistance and moral support is such a great source

of inspiration and a drive to work for all of us!

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Introduction to Database Management System.................................................................10

What Is Data?................................................................................................................10

What Is Data File?.........................................................................................................10

What is Data Processing?..............................................................................................11

What Is Metadata?.........................................................................................................11

What Is Database?.........................................................................................................11

What Is Data Model?.....................................................................................................11

Types of database..........................................................................................................11

What is Database Management System?...........................................................................12

Importance of Database Management System:.............................................................12

Advantages of DBMS....................................................................................................12

The data can be shared............................................................................................12

Redundancy can be reduced...................................................................................12

Data inconsistency can be avoided.........................................................................12

Transaction support can be provided......................................................................12

Integrity can be maintained....................................................................................12

Security can be enforced.........................................................................................12

Conflicting requirements can be balanced..............................................................12

Standards can be enforced......................................................................................12

Disadvantages of DBMS...............................................................................................12

Complexity.............................................................................................................12

Size.........................................................................................................................12

Cost of DBMS........................................................................................................13

Additional hardware costs......................................................................................13

Cost of conversion..................................................................................................13

Performance............................................................................................................13

Higher impact of a failure.......................................................................................13

Advantages of Database to Society...............................................................................13

Commercial Applications e.g. Accounting, Banking systems, reservation systems13

Engineering Systems..............................................................................................13

Social sciences........................................................................................................13

Medical sciences.....................................................................................................13

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Educational Systems...............................................................................................13

Linguistics...............................................................................................................13

Word Processing (Dictionary)................................................................................13

Important Database Tools..............................................................................................14

COMPANY.......................................................................................................................14

TOOLS..............................................................................................................................14

FUNCTIONALITY...........................................................................................................14

Databases Used In Pakistan...........................................................................................14

Data Flow Diagram (DFD)............................................................................................15

History:-.............................................................................................................................16

McDonald's a Global Phenomenon...............................................................................16

McDonald's Mission......................................................................................................16

McDonald's in Pakistan.................................................................................................16

Lakson Group of Companies.........................................................................................17

The Team.......................................................................................................................17

Existing System.................................................................................................................17

Software Used by McDonalds.......................................................................................17

McDonalds Image as an Employer................................................................................17

McDonalds People Philosophy......................................................................................18

Respect and Recognition:..............................................................................................18

Values and Leadership Behaviors:................................................................................18

Total Compensation:......................................................................................................18

Learning, Development and Personal Growth:.............................................................18

Resources to Get the Job Done:.....................................................................................18

Choose Your Career......................................................................................................19

Job Description..............................................................................................................20

Branches........................................................................................................................20

Products & Services...........................................................................................................22

Products.........................................................................................................................22

Services..........................................................................................................................22

FLOW CHART.................................................................................................................23

Existing Problems..............................................................................................................24

McDonalds’ Franchise Payroll Solution............................................................................26

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Flexibility.......................................................................................................................26

Personalized Reports.....................................................................................................26

Safe and Secure..............................................................................................................26

System Development Life Cycle.......................................................................................27

Sample Questionnaires..................................................................................................27

Questions from Manager...............................................................................................28

Feasibility Report...............................................................................................................30

Economic Feasibility:....................................................................................................30

Technical Feasibility:.....................................................................................................30

Social Feasibility...........................................................................................................31

What Is Schema?...............................................................................................................31

Entity Relationship Model.................................................................................................33

Context Diagram................................................................................................................34

Table & Attributes:............................................................................................................35

EMPLOYEE TABLE....................................................................................................35

ORDER TABLE............................................................................................................36

PRODUCT TABLE.......................................................................................................36

CUSTOMER TABLE....................................................................................................37

SUPPLY TABLE...........................................................................................................37

PAYROLL TABLE.......................................................................................................38

SALARY TABLE.........................................................................................................39

EMPLOYEE FORM..........................................................................................................40

ORDER FORM.................................................................................................................41

CUSTOMER FORM.........................................................................................................42

PAYROLL FORM.............................................................................................................43

Tables in Microsoft Access:..............................................................................................44

DESIGN VIEW OF CUSTOMER TABLE..................................................................44

DESIGN VIEW OF EMPLOYEE TABLE...................................................................45

DESIGN VIEW OF PRODUCTS TABLE...................................................................46

DESIGN VIEW OF PAYROLL TABLE......................................................................47

DESIGN VIEW OF SUPPLIER TABLE......................................................................48

MICROSOFT ACCESS FORMS......................................................................................49

CUSTOMER FORM.....................................................................................................49

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EMPLOYEE FORM......................................................................................................50

ORDER FORM.............................................................................................................51

PAYROLL FORM.........................................................................................................52

PRODUCTS FORM......................................................................................................53

SUPPLY FORM............................................................................................................54

DESIGN VIEW OF QUERIES.........................................................................................55

CUSTOMER QUERY...................................................................................................55

SEARCH QUERY BY CUSTOMER_ID.....................................................................55

EMPLOYEE QUERY...................................................................................................56

EMPLOYEE QUERY...................................................................................................57

SEARCH QUERY BY EMPLOYEE_ID......................................................................57

PRODUCT QUERY......................................................................................................58

SEARCH QUERY BY ITEM_ID.................................................................................58

ORDER QUERY...........................................................................................................59

SEARCH QUERY BY ORDER_ID.............................................................................59

SUPPLY QUERY..........................................................................................................60

SEARCH QUERY BY SUPPLIER_ID.........................................................................60

Reports...............................................................................................................................61

Employee Report...........................................................................................................61

Order Report..................................................................................................................62

Product Report...............................................................................................................63

Customer Report............................................................................................................64

Supply Report................................................................................................................65

Payroll Report................................................................................................................66

Salary Report.................................................................................................................67

Relationships......................................................................................................................68

Testing & Implementation:................................................................................................69

Implementation..............................................................................................................69

Parallel Phase.................................................................................................................69

Phased Phase..................................................................................................................69

Pilot Phase.....................................................................................................................70

Big Bang........................................................................................................................70

Documentation...................................................................................................................70

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a) User Documentation................................................................................................70

b) Technical Documentation:....................................................................................70

Software Evaluation:.........................................................................................................71

Future Enhancement:-........................................................................................................71

Findings and Conclusions..................................................................................................73

Introduction to Database Management System

What Is Data?

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Data is the plural of datum, a single piece of information. In practice, however, people use data as both the singular and plural form of the word.

“Data can be defined as stored representations of objects and events that have meaning and importance in the user’s environment”

Data can exist in a variety of forms as numbers or text on pieces of paper, as bits and bytes stored in electronic memory, or as facts stored in a person's mind.

Common types of data are text, numeric, image, video and audio.

What Is Data File?

A collection of related data items stored in one place against a suitable but valid name.

For Example:

Personal Data related to students of BBA class (Semester – I) i.e.

Name: -------

Age: --------

Cell #: ------

Address

What is Data Processing?

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Data processing is undertaken by first collecting the data and later processing it into meaningful information for decision making. It can be done through manually, mechanically, and electronically.

What Is Metadata?

Data that describe the properties, or characteristics of end-user data, and the context of that data. Some of the properties that are typically described include data names, definitions, length (or size), and allowable values.

What Is Database?

A database is a shared collection of logically related data that is stored on a media to meet the requirements of different users of an organization.

It can also be defined as it is a self describing collection of integrated records

What Is Data Model?

A data model is a collection of concepts for describing data.

An integrated collection of concepts for describing:

data relationships between data constraints on the data in an organization

Types of database

Three principal types of data models or database types are as follow:

Relational Model. Network Model. Hierarchical Model.

What is Database Management System?

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A database management system (DBMS) is a software system that is used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to user databases. A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of computer programs that controls the creation, maintenance, and the use of the database of an organization and its end users.

Importance of Database Management System:

Database management system is the system of computer software that is aimed to provide a managing tool for maintaining the data, through various data models. The invention of computer and the software has made it easy to manage the data of all types in the database management system and then having a direct access to data more quickly and easily than the manual system. For example, if you go to your doctor for a routinely check up, he will have a record of the last time you visited him. This shows that for each patient he will have the same record and this is what the database management system is supposed to do.

Advantages of DBMS

The data can be shared

Redundancy can be reduced

Data inconsistency can be avoided

Transaction support can be provided

Integrity can be maintained

Security can be enforced

Conflicting requirements can be balanced

Standards can be enforced

Disadvantages of DBMS

Complexity

Size

Cost of DBMS

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Additional hardware costs

Cost of conversion

Performance

Higher impact of a failure

Advantages of Database to Society

DBMS is serving the society in the following fields:

Commercial Applications e.g. Accounting, Banking systems, reservation systems

Engineering Systems

Social sciences

Medical sciences

Educational Systems

Linguistics

Word Processing (Dictionary)

Important Database Tools

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COMPANY TOOLS FUNCTIONALITYEmbarcadero Technologies ER Studio

DB Artisan

Database Modeling in ER and IDEF lxDatabase administration and space and security management

Oracle Developer 2000 and Designer 2000

Database modeling, application development

Popkin Software System Architect2001 Data modeling, object modeling, process modeling, structured analysis/design

Platinum Technology Platinum Enterprise Modeling Suite: ERwin, BPWin, ParadigmPlus

Data, process, and business component modeling

Persistence Inc. Powertier Mapping from 0-0 to relational model

Rational Rational Rose Modeling in UML and application generation in C++ and

Rogue Ware RW Metro Mapping from 0-0 to relational model

Resolution Ltd. XCase Conceptual modeling up to cod maintenance

Sybase Enterprise Application Suite

Data modeling, business logic modeling

Visio Visio Enterprise Data modeling, design and reengineering Visual Basic and Visual C++

Databases Used In Pakistan

Some of the databases used in Pakistan are as follow:

National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA). Pakistan Agriculture Database. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Database.

Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

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Data flow diagram (DFD) is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system.

History:-

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McDonald's a Global Phenomenon

Founder(s)Dick and Mac McDonald McDonald's restaurant conceptRay Kroc, McDonald's Corporation founder

Formed in 1954, McDonald's brand is the leading global foodservice retailer with more than 30,000 local restaurants serving nearly 50 million people in more than 120 countries each day. Our rich history began with the founder Ray Kroc's vision and his commitment, transformed in our talented executives, and will keep the shine on McDonald's arches for years to come.

McDonald's Mission

McDonald's mission is to be our customers' favorite place and way to eat with inspired people who delight each customer with unmatched quality, service, cleanliness and value every time ... we invite you to be the part of this winning team and give yourself an opportunity to grow with the family of people striving to create smiles on the faces of millions of people everyday

McDonald's in Pakistan

Aiming to be the world's best quick service restaurant, McDonald's Pakistan opened its doors in September 1998 at Lahore and presently operating in six major cities with a network of 20 restaurants. With a strong belief in the Ray Krock phrase when you are green you are growing, McDonald's Pakistan has an aggressive plan to expand in all other cities of Pakistan and is rapidly growing with the focus to provide friendly and quick service restaurant experience to our customers.

Lakson Group of Companies

McDonald's Pakistan is a part of the Lakson Group of Companies, with a Head Office in Karachi and a regional office at Lahore. Lakson Group also owned, Lakson Tobacco Co. Colgate Pakistan Ltd, Century Insurance Ltd. Express Newspaper, Cyber Net and various others businesses.

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The Team

To realize the McDonald's service vision, we believe in strengthening our team and ensure to deliver the right skills and knowledge to the right person for getting the right job done. Our strength for making our strong team players to shine under the Golden Arches lies in the People Practice and Development Program, we focus to deliver.

Existing System

Software Used by McDonalds

McDonalds has announced it has picked Microsoft's retail-specific operating system, XP Embedded, for its new worldwide point-of-sale system. The burger giant has already rolled out the operating system to "several thousands of devices" in Europe and Asia and plans to use the OS in every restaurant in the chain.

McDonalds will also use a single point-of-sale application which, alongside XP Embedded, will help trim staff training costs, according to the company.

Windows XP Embedded, which targets small devices such as cash machines, slot machines and point-of-sale systems, is used by retailers including Virgin Megastore and Radio Shack. In the quarter to September 2005, Microsoft's mobile and embedded division earned the company $74m.

According to the Embedded Linux Consortium, 16 per cent of the embedded computing users have turned to Windows, while 43 per cent make use of Linux

McDonalds Image as an Employer

Our overall image and local reputation as an employer is shaped daily by many factors, including the benefits programs, compensation package, fun working place coupled with numerous enthusiasm activities, employee development programs, and our world renowned best people practices.

Employees, the key ingredient play a vital role each day in shaping our over all employment image through their performance behavior. Realizing our people strength we provide the best employment experience to our employees in order to achieve the goal of giving the world’s best quick-service restaurant experience to our valued customers. We strive to recruit the best, hire the best, and provide the best place to work.

McDonalds People Philosophy

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At McDonald's Pakistan, our people are our most important asset. We provide the best employment experience for our employees in order for McDonalds’s Pakistan to achieve our goal of providing our valued customers with the world’s best quick-service restaurant experience. We strive to recruit the best, hire the best, and provide the best place to work.

Sour commitment to our employees is shaped on the simple fact we value you, your growth and your contributions and this is what we strive to achieve through our actions every day. Five principles guide our commitment.

Respect and Recognition:

Every employee is consistently treated with dignity and respect. All employees are valued and recognized for their contribution to the organization.

Values and Leadership Behaviors:

Every employee is a leader who listens and communicates openly and honestly and every employee acts in the interest of all other people who contribute to the success of the business, including customers, owner, and suppliers.

Total Compensation:

To recognize our people part in our business success, our Pay and Rewards program follows a Pay-for-Performance philosophy, the better results produced by employees, the greater pay opportunities.

Learning, Development and Personal Growth:

Employees have the opportunity to advance in skill, contribution and career level through high-quality training, coaching and feedback.

Resources to Get the Job Done:

It is ensured that a comfortable place to work with access to the materials, equipment and information has been provided to do the job.

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Choose Your Career

When you join the McDonalds team, you are working for the largest and best-known global food service retailer. You are joining a diverse team of People who are on a solid career path that offers outstanding training, fun working environment, excellent pay and benefits. That’s true whether you are just starting out, returning to the workforce or changing careers.

Our main focus is to guide you at every stage of your career, to let you set your career goals by exploring new options and link your career aspirations with a right job match.

You can choose to start your career from McDonalds Restaurants and can get the opportunity to develop your skills in diversified areas related to People, Business, Customer Service, Equipment Handling and others. Restaurant job nature requires people who love to accept challenges and exhibit their unmatched capabilities to fulfill these challenges. If you would like to pursue for any specialized field of business, then your choice can be Finance, Marketing, Real Estate, Construction, Equipment, HR, Supply Chain, Quality Assurance, IT, or Maintenance. McDonalds Office jobs requires to have relevant knowledge and skills set in the area you would like to pursue your career and the opportunities around will make you a successful business Leader. Since, we have only two offices, located at Karachi & Lahore. So the choice for office jobs is limited for only these two cities. Whichever career you choose your success depends upon how you exhibit and reinforce your

Personality & Values Personal Interests & Aspirations Knowledge & Learning velocity And your commitment

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Your career at McDonalds is engraved with countless opportunities for growth and development. Either you choose a position at McDonalds Restaurant or in the Office.

Job Description

Restaurants Jobs

At McDonalds, a job is never just a job; employees know that working at McDonalds provides them with a wealth of knowledge, experience, skills and above all a true fun working environment. The experience and skills employees gain at McDonalds Restaurant can take them places: from hourly crew to restaurant management to middle management to careers beyond, in just about any field of work anywhere.

In the restaurant, there’s a clearly defined career path, from Crew Member to Crew Leader to Floor Manager to Assistant Manager to Restaurant Manager. And from there onwards the opportunities for growth and development are limitless Area Supervisors, Operations Consultant and beyond are just a few to mention from.

Office Jobs

Office jobs are an excellent match, provided you exhibit the right skill set up to excel in the areas of your expertise. Depending upon your knowledge, experience and right aptitude, there are 3 key entry points in the office jobs setup. You can choose the area of expertise matching your qualifications and the team of experts will help sharp your skills as a strategic business leader.

Branches

It has its branches all over the world .In Pakistan it has its branches in almost every city which includes Karachi, Islamabad, Quetta etc

In Lahore McDonalds have following branches

1. McDonald's 63- Main Gulberg Lahore042-5752110/5753299main63.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

2. McDonald's LDA Plaza Egerton Road, Lahore042-6307997/6308886 ldaplaza.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

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3. McDonald's Fortress Stadium Opposite Khyber Block, Fortress Stadium, Lahore042-6676680 fortress.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

4. McDonald's Fortress Stadium Opposite Khyber Block, Fortress Stadium, Lahore042-6676680 fortress.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

5. McDonald's Fortress Stadium Opposite Khyber Block, Fortress Stadium, Lahore042-6676680 fortress.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

6. McDonald's Defence Y Block Plot 486/ B, Sector Y, Phase III, LCCHS, Lahore042-5733826/5731599defence3.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

7. McDonald's Defence G Block Plot 5, Block G, Sector G,Phase I, LCCHS, Lahore 042-5725561/62defence1.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

8. McDonald's Model Town 23-Phase II, Govt. Employees Cooperative Housing Society Ltd.Model Town, Township Link Road, Lahore 042-5171327/28modeltown.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

9. McDonald's Allama Iqbal Town 13 Kashmir Block, Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore 042-7840053/7846757iqbaltown.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

10. McDonald's Jail Road 89-B, Jail Road, Lahore.042-7532056/58jailroad.lahore@mcdonalds.com.pk

Products & Services

Products

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McDonald's predominantly sells hamburgers, various types of chicken sandwiches and products, French fries, soft drinks, breakfast items, and desserts. In most markets, McDonald's offers salads and vegetarian items, wraps and other localized fare. This local deviation from the standard menu is a characteristic for which the chain is particularly known, and one which is employed either to abide by regional food taboos (such as the religious prohibition of beef consumption in India) or to make available foods with which the regional market is more familiar (such as the sale of McRice in Indonesia).

Services

Most standalone McDonald's restaurants offer both counter service and drive-through service, with indoor and sometimes outdoor seating. Drive-Thru, Auto-Mac, Pay and Drive, or McDrive as it is known in many countries, often has separate stations for placing, paying for, and picking up orders, though the latter two steps are frequently combined; it was first introduced in Arizona in 1975, following the lead of other fast-food chains.

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FLOW CHART

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Existing Problems

We are assuming that in McDonalds manual system is going on and no use of computer is there.We visited gulberg branch and we found a lot of problems in that will be discuss later down .First of all we will computerize their payroll system.

Tran’s fats are formed when liquid vegetable oils go through a chemical process called hydrogenation. Common in a range of food products — biscuits, chips, doughnuts, crackers — the hydrogenated vegetable fat is used by food processors because it is solid at room temperature and has a longer shelf life.

The Harvard School of Public Health think that 30,000 or more premature heart disease deaths are caused each year by trans fats from partially hydrogenated oils in food supplies.

So these are major problems facing by Mcdonalds. Here are some common problems faces by Mcdonalds nowadays.

Chances of Errors:

The current system of McDonalds is just manual so there are lots of chances of errors in the McDonalds system…Delay in orders, lack of proper consistency in products etc are most common errors of McDonalds….

Time wastage: As we know and we assume the process using in the McDonalds is just manual that it causes the problems of time wastage. As the products are not already prepared and it consumes time to make it ready.

Difficult registration:

As the system uses in the McDonalds is just manual so the members of the McDonalds feels a lot of difficulty to take its membership or to make them registered to the McDonalds.

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Maintenance:Maintenance is one of the biggest problems of the McDonalds.As it is based on the manual system so it is difficult to handle the franchises records, the payroll system of their employers etc…

Slow Processing:As its system is manual so it is a slow processing work…They consume more time to make and adjust entries which cause time consumption of the customer. So slow processing due to manual work done is also one of the biggest problem for this restaurant..

Less flexible:It is less flexible… as it is already mentioned that the current existing system is manual which indicates towards the less flexibility of the work done in the McDonalds…their system is manual and time consuming..

No User FriendlyIt is not user friendly system… as it is manual or hardly flat file based system which is not user friendly… it is time consuming and less flexible system that cause problems for the workers and company..

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McDonalds’ Franchise Payroll Solution

Easy and Fast

Payroll is specially customized for McDonald’s® franchise owners.

No Software to Install

Our Internet-based software works right from your computer... there’s no software to load!  Export files easily from your McDonald’s® payroll software.

It’s Still Your System

It’s true, there’s no software to load.  You SPOC into the ISP like normal.  Review the information then prepare it for a fast upload to Horizon Payroll!

Flexibility

It’s your choice!  Horizon Payroll accepts both online payroll entry and faxed information.  You can:

Use our easy online system Continue your hand written system OR use both

Personalized Reports

Horizon Payroll’s personalized reports are easy to read and download and with all the different report formats available, you can get the info you need the way you want it!

Safe and Secure

Horizon has over 25 years of experience maintaining safe and secure payroll including the availability of “Positive Pay” to ensure against fraud with payroll checks.

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System Development Life Cycle

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) has historically been a very useful tool in the development of software and operating systems in computer information technology. The five phases performed within a linear pattern of a SDLS are: Planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. This work gives a detailed analysis of each of these five phases and demonstrates ways in which the linear system is effective and how it has been used to develop new systems and subsystems that have greatly influenced the world of technology and business. Lastly, it briefly discusses possible alterations to the system and some shortcomings seen in the implementation of its use over the years.

1) Fact Findings

Sample Questionnaire

2) Feasibility Report

Economic Feasibility Technical Feasibility Social Feasibility

Sample Questionnaires

Questions from Customer

1) How often do you eat at McDonalds?

(Once a year/once a month/once a week/every day)

2) Would you say that McDonalds is healthy?(yes/no/not sure)

2) In a month, how much would you roughly spend there? (0-20/21-40/40+)

4) What time of the day do you prefer to eat there? (Breakfast/lunch/dinner/dessert/snack)

5) Which fast food joint do you prefer? (McDonalds, etc)

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6) What meal do you prefer at McDonalds? (Hamburger/cheeseburger etc)

7) Why do you eat at McDonalds? (Tastes good/ cheap/ convenient/ I don't eat at McDonalds)

How often do you eat there?

Drive thru, take out or eat in?

Do you get chicken or beef?

Do you eat salads?

Questions from Manager

1. When pizza hut was founded and who was the founder of pizza hut and in which city they start their first outlet?

2. When did pizza hut start in Pakistan?

3. In which cities pizza hut has its outlets and what is the no of total outlets in Pakistan?

4. What is your core competency?

5. What is the seating arrangement in your outlet?

6. From where you get your supplies?

7. How many warehouses pizza hut have in Pakistan?

8. What else you provide in your outlet besides pizza or what is you product portfolio?

9. Do you import your ingredients from European countries?

10. What type of services you provide?

11. How do you take feed back from your customers?

12. What is your average sale per day?

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13. Do you maintain records of your customers and where do you store that?

14. How many types of designation you have in your outlet?

15. How many employees work in your outlet?

16. Are you concerned with the sale of other outlets?

17. Do you bring into play some software for record keeping?

18. How do waiters take orders for the dine in/home delivery/takeaway i.e. on the basis of phone no./name/or address?

19. Do you get your supply on weekly basis or daily basis?

20. What kind of software you want?

21. Have customers ever had to wait in a line for more than 5 minutes?

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Feasibility Report

Economic Feasibility:

We should focus on quality rather than quantity .main object is to satisfy our customer by giving them right food at right time .concentrate on taste whatever it costs. We have to make a data base which is economical for us and the organization. We will make an automated database system.

Technical Feasibility:

Hardware Requirement

In hardware we need high speed systems, keyboards, mouse, monitor, printer, high speed internet. The essentially required hardware components are;

a) Support for execution of database systemb) Accessing an updated database file for end userc) Hardware processor and associated main memoryd) Magnetic diskse) Online terminals –dumb terminals , smart terminals or micro computers

Software requirement

DBMS as a software is needed to facilitate the user to access the life, update the records, insert or delete records and retrieve data as per request. A sound DBMS ensures data security and integrity. Sub-modules of DBMS are many. Some of these include; a host language interface system, the application program, a natural language interface system and data dictionary. A data dictionary must include external, conceptual and internal database descriptions, description of entities and attributes, authorization checks and security codes, details regarding users. Users may include end-users, application programmers, database administrators and procedures. In software we should use the currently used best software in the market.

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Social Feasibility

While Human Factors is perhaps the most critical discipline to improving aviation safety, research and development is disproportionately small-scale, fragmented and un-sustained. The key issue is the delivery of Human Factors knowledge throughout the system to improve design, operation or monitoring. A systems integration approach to technology development and innovation incorporates user requirements at all stages of the system life-cycle. The goal of the HILAS project is to develop and demonstrate such an integrated model of Human Factors research, practice and integrated application, linking design and operation - in a ‘system life-cycle approach‘. A central challenge is to demonstrate how to integrate models of the human operator, which demonstrate the influences on human performance, with wider system models that encompass the influences on system performance. Keywords  aviation - Human Factors - safety - research capability - operational performance - system improvement - system life-cycle - innovation - system models Online Transaction are allowed and any one can buy or order through internet .But we are going to secure it by asking them for their ID or credit card number.

What Is Schema?

It is all about data that describes properties or characteristics of data. it is description of a particular collection of data, using the a given data model.

There are three components of schema;

Conceptual schema:

It is a detailed, technology – independent specification of the overall structure of organizational data. The conceptual schema represents the view of the data architect or data administrator.

Logical schema:

It is defined as the representation of a database for a particular data management technology. The most common today is logical relational schema.

Physical schema:

It is a set of specifications for how data from a logical schema are stored in a computer’s secondary memory by a database management system. There is one physical schema for

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each logical schema. It describes the organization of physical records, the choice of file organizations, the uses of indexes, and so on.

customer table

Customer name

Customer Address

Customer ID

Phone Number

Customer Account

No

Customer Email

Address

Customer Gender

Customer status

order tableOrder

noOrder type

Order Day

Order Date

Order Time

Employee ID

Cash Counter ID

Order Size

PAYROLL TABLEEmployee ID Pay Period Pay group Check date Pay date Employee name Basic salary

product table

Item_ID Item Name

Item Type

Item price

Item Tax

Manufactured date

Item Quantity

Item colour

SALARY TABLEEmployee

IDEmployee

NameEmployee

PayJoining

dateLeaving

datePayment

TermsTax

supply tableOutlet

IDDate Ingredients

IDIngredient

NameQuality Quantity Warehouse

IDSupplier

ID

employee

Employee_Id Employee Name

Employee Designation

Address phone number

Date of Birth

E-mail_Id

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EMPLOYEE

E. ID# gender

E.name Address

ORDER

Or. date Or. time

Or priceOr. day

CUSTOMER

C. name C. address

Phone no.C. ID

PRODUCTS

I. price flavour

Item. Id I. name

Entity Relationship Model

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Context Diagram

A context diagram is a data flow diagram, with only one massive central process that subsumes everything inside the scope of the system. It shows how the system will receive and send data flows to the external entities involved.

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Table & Attributes:

A Table is a repository for all the required information about a particular entity and it is the primary step in a database. Table is a tool in which all the features, attributes and properties (hidden, shown) are displayed.

In tables different rules, default values, validations, and other concerning properties are used which facilities the users and avoids them from mistakes.

Now here we keep brief overviews of all the tables, their features, attributes, properties of the attributes, data types and logics involved along with their forms used for data entries. This will be a key to understand the database of the organization we have selected.

EMPLOYEE TABLE

Primary key is applied on Employee ID as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it.

Field Name Data type Description

Employee_ID text

Employee name text

Employee designation text

Address text

Phone No number

Date Of Birth text

E-Mail _ID text

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ORDER TABLE

Primary key is applied on Order Number as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it

Field Name Data type Description

Order no number

Order type text

Order Date text

Order Day text

Order Time number

Employee ID text

Cash counter ID text

Order Size text

PRODUCT TABLE

Primary key is applied on Item ID as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it

Field Name Data type Description

Item_ID number

Item Name text

Item Type text

Item Price number

Item Tax number

Manufactured date text

Item Quantity text

Item Color text

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CUSTOMER TABLE

Primary key is applied on Customer ID as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it

Field Name Data Type Description

Customer name textCustomer Address text

Customer ID. text

Phone Number numberCustomer Account No. number

Customer Email Address textCustomer Gender text

Customer Status text

SUPPLY TABLE

Primary key is applied on Outlet ID as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it

Field Name Data Type DescriptionOutlet ID text

Date Date/time

Ingredients ID text

Ingredient Name text

Quality text

Quantity number

Warehouse. ID text

Supplier ID text

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PAYROLL TABLE

Primary key is applied on Employee ID as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it

Field Name Data Type DescriptionEmployee ID Text

Pay Period number

Pay group text

Check date Date/time

Pay date Date/time

Employee name text

Basic salary number

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SALARY TABLE

Primary key is applied on Employee ID as it is uniquely identifiable & no data duplication is allowed in it.

Field Name Data type DescriptionEmployee ID number

Employee Name text

Employee Pay number

Joining date Date/time

Leaving date Date/time

Payment Terms text

Tax memo

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Previous NextSubmit

Close

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LLLL

ORDER FORM

ORDER NO.

PRODUCT ID

QUANTITY ORDERED

UNIT

PRICE (Rs)

ORDER TIME

SUBMITPrevious

Close

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CUSTOMER FORM

Customer ID.

Customer name

Customer Address

Phone Number

Customer Account No.

Customer Email Address

EDIT SUBMIT

Close

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PAYROLL FORM

Employee_ID

Employee name

Employee designation

Address

Phone No

Employee A/C no.

Employee e-mail ID

Next Reset

Close

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Tables in Microsoft Access:

DESIGN VIEW OF CUSTOMER TABLE

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DESIGN VIEW OF EMPLOYEE TABLE

DESIGN VIEW OF ORDER TABLE

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DESIGN VIEW OF PRODUCTS TABLE

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DESIGN VIEW OF PAYROLL TABLE

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DESIGN VIEW OF SUPPLIER TABLE

S

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MICROSOFT ACCESS FORMS

CUSTOMER FORM

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EMPLOYEE FORM

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ORDER FORM

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PAYROLL FORM

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PRODUCTS FORM

SUPPLY FORM

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DESIGN VIEW OF QUERIES

CUSTOMER QUERY

SEARCH QUERY BY CUSTOMER_ID

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EMPLOYEE QUERY

SEARCH QUERY BY EMPLOYEE_ID

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EMPLOYEE QUERY

SEARCH QUERY BY EMPLOYEE_ID

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PRODUCT QUERY

SEARCH QUERY BY ITEM_ID

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ORDER QUERY

SEARCH QUERY BY ORDER_ID

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SUPPLY QUERY

SEARCH QUERY BY SUPPLIER_ID

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Reports

Employee Report

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Order Report

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Product Report

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Customer Report

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Supply Report

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Payroll Report

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Salary Report

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Relationships

Relationship means that there exists a connection between two tables through a common entity. There are three main types of relations:

One to One

One to Many

Many to Many

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Testing & Implementation:

Alpha-Testing Beta-Testing

Alpha-Testing

When the software made is checked and verified within the organization then it is called Alpha-Testing.

Beta-Testing

When the software made is checked outside the organization then it is called Beta-Testing.

Implementation

There are four ways of implementation of software

Parallel phase Phased phase Pilot phase Big bang

Parallel Phase

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In this system old and new software run side by side it is usually found in banking systems.

Phased Phase

In this phase the software is installed from one department to another department.

Pilot Phase

In this way of implementation the whole previous manual system is replaced by computerized system.

Big Bang

In this sort of implementation we we leave the existing system completely and bring new system with new features.

Since we are giving McDonalds a new and the fastest system for their services so we are going to implement big bang

Documentation

a) User Documentation

User documentation is a selling point. User documentation should solve problems for the company (in terms of support) but most of all, be relevant for the users. Companies deploy software in a business context, so as much as possible, that context should be retained in business software user documentation. The McDonalds system is also using this User documentation….

b) Technical Documentation:

Technical documentation is a document consisting of technical tools. Technical documentation managers are being asked by executive management to provide real metrics in order to justify documentation costs, or find ways to cut costs. How is that possible without tools to collect those metrics? In organizations that value content as an

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asset, managers are provided with relevant training and the requisite tools needed to effectively manage their departments and the products they create. You won't see managers in these organizations using an Excel spreadsheet to track metrics manually. Nor will you see them do dozens of other time-sucking tasks that most documentation managers have to do by hand today. Being an effective manager means having an understanding of exactly what's going on in your department so you can deploy and manipulate human, financial, intellectual, intangible, and material resources to accomplish organizational goals. Managers need to stop using less-than-efficient mechanisms for collecting metrics and be given the ability to collect metrics that can help make informed business decisions based on observable, measurable facts…..

Software Evaluation:

McDonald's restaurants have been on the comeback. Returning from years of being cast aside for being unhealthy, unpleasant, and unappetizing food. However, even I have noticed their recent turn around in Australia. With a significant marketing effort advertising their healthy food range, increased choices with chicken related items, MacAfee’s, better shop fittings, and increased operating hours, McDonalds have become my preferred last food source; a place a would go when no appealing restaurants are nearby or if I don't feel like cooking. The company has been focused on the five P's - people, products, place, price, and promotion. It is a simple slogan that is really just an updated 4 P's of market. It is a far more externally focused goal when compared to other business analysis tools such as Porter's 5 forces. By adding people into the mix McDonald's have re-oriented their focus on making sure people want to come to their restaurants as often as possible. When that is achieved the normal 4 P's of marketing takes over and ensures that the customer can find something to buy (products), feel comfortable buying (place, price), and if they have doubts, be given incentives to buy (promotion). For software developers the 5 P's also applies and can be used as a quick evaluation tool to see just who the intended users are (people), how will the software appeal to them (product), where they will be able to find your products (place, distribution), how affordable your product will be (price), and how will you create desire for the product (promotion). Testing any idea using these basic concepts should prevent software developers just creating mindlessly with no end goal.The 5 P's won't be applicable everywhere as for some personal projects the ability for the product to make profits or gain market share may not be a primary goal. However if you want to pursue a career in software or in any business knowing just how you intend to deliver your products and/or services to customers is always preferable to relying on blind luck

Future Enhancement:-

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Large or complex organizations usually need to break the planning process down into manageable units. McDonald's developed its future scenarios around three strategies-customer convenience, customer value, and optimal operations. For each of these strategies, there was already a full-time team that included both operations and systems development personnel from Carl Dill's organization. The digital strategy project team worked through these teams to generate the bold new ideas that Dill instinctively knew were there to be discovered.      First, the digital strategy team reviewed the current plans of each of the three teams and developed an initial list of new and emerging digital technologies that might play a key role, for better or worse, in realizing the teams' strategies. In assessing the strategy aimed at improved store operations, the digital strategy team noted a possible mismatch between the identified projects and the overall direction of the company. The operations team had characterized the stores as miniature manufacturing facilities. Consequently, it was working to improve the suite of manufacturing systems-inventory control, production planning, financial control, and point-of-sale order entry-that supported the store.

But McDonalds team leader, wondered if the more appropriate model for McDonald's future might not be that of a service company. After all, the stores already offer considerably more than hamburgers and french fries. They serve as a family retreat, where parents can relax while children play with promotional toys or in increasingly elaborate indoor playgrounds, and as a community center for senior citizens, who in many locations are invited to the stores to play bingo. A large part of the reason people go to McDonald's is the community that it fosters.

Assuming this trend would continue, McDonald’s leader believed that the operations team should expand its initiatives to include more service-oriented technologies. Could McDonald's offer computer games instead of and more cheaply than plastic toys? Could the experience in the stores actually be enhanced by replacing human order takers with learning interfaces? Could more food production processes be automated, freeing up in-store personnel to interact in more interesting ways with customers? If so, what technologies should the team be considering now that it was not? How carefully had the stores team reviewed developments in multimedia interfaces, interactive television (order in advance from home or the car?), robotics, and modeling and simulation tools?

Similar analyses were done for each strategy, after which the digital strategy team held a half-day workshop with all three teams. Where possible, key technology partners and vendors of the newly identified technologies were invited to participate. The strategy teams each gave a brief presentation of their major initiatives, after which the digital strategy team began pushing the new ideas and technologies.

We asked each of the three strategy teams to imagine and describe what the business would look like were the team to achieve its wildest goals. With the customer convenience team, one of the key initiatives was to improve the speed with which new stores and new kinds of stores could be opened, and the result of the workshop was the

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development of a "day in the life" scenario for site developers that described the optimal toolset and collaborative environment they would have with them as they scouted locations.

Rather than choosing individual tools from separate vendors today, we asked the convenience team to think about the tools on the horizon-geographical information systems, global positioning satellites, new media such as video and teleconferencing, and the expanding information flow of public networks such as the Internet. Didn't the differing pace and divergent platforms of such technologies suggest that the longer-lasting toolkit would be one built for easy swap in and swap out of tools? It would be a mistake to lock in to a platform that could support only a subset of today's options and, perhaps, none of tomorrow's.For the customer value team, the focus was on real-time information flow that would allow for instantaneous corrections of the menu and prices to respond to customer preferences, the competitive environment, and even the global commodities market for ingredients. How far was McDonald's today from having that kind of information? How close could it be if it invested in available technologies? What would it take to get the company all the way there, and who would they need to work with to get there faster, and first?

After these meetings, the digital strategy team sifted through more than a hundred pages of detailed notes highlighting the ideas that had provoked the most response-positive or negative. In addition, the team identified what Carl Dill had referred to as a superset of "agility" imperatives that each strategy team needed to include in setting its individual agenda. These imperatives were the themes that had raised the most promising new technologies that might otherwise have been missed.

All the teams, for example, needed to begin thinking about the implications complete information would have in the near future. How would their goals change in a world where each transaction-including purchasing, pricing, menus, and site development-could be customized in real time? A second of these stretch goals was to design every system in the context of Moore's Law and to recognize that the need to scale up (a local system becomes global) and scale down (a global system becomes local) was a necessary component of every systems initiative…

Findings and Conclusions

By completing this project we concluded that Database Management System (DBMS) aids in storage, control, manipulation and retrieval of data. Database is a software program, used to store, delete, update and retrieve data. A database can be limited to a single desktop computer or can be stored in large server machines, like the IBM Mainframe. There are various database management systems available in the market. Some of them are Sybase, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle RDBMS, PostgreSQL, MySQL, etc. The database management systems are warehouses of information, where large

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amount of data can be stored. The common examples in commercial applications are inventory data, personnel data, etc. It often happens that a common man uses a database management system, without even realizing, that it is being used. The best examples for the same would be the address book of a cell phone, digital diaries, etc. Both these equipments store data in their internal database.

The unique data field in a table is assigned a primary key. The primary key helps in the identification of data. It also checks for duplicates within the same table, thereby reducing data redundancy. There are tables, which have a secondary key in addition to the primary key. The secondary key is also called 'foreign key'. The secondary key refers to the primary key of another table, thus establishing a relationship between the two tables.

The data is stored in the form of tables. The tables consist of rows and columns. The primary and secondary key helps to eliminate data redundancy, enabling systematic storage of data. The table schema can be changed and it is not platform dependent. Therefore, the tables in the system can be edited to add new columns and rows without hampering the applications that depend on that particular database. The database management systems are not language dependent. Therefore, they can be used with various languages and on various platforms. The data in two or more tables can be integrated into a single table. This enables to reduce the size of the database and also helps in easy retrieval of data.

The database can be used simultaneously by a number of users. Various users can retrieve the same data simultaneously. The data in the database can also be modified, based on the privileges assigned to users. Data is the most important asset. Therefore, there is a need for data security. Database management systems help to keep the data secured. Different privileges can be given to different users. For example, some users can edit the database, but are not allowed to delete the contents of the database. DBMS enables easy and convenient retrieval of data. A database user can view only the abstract form of data; the complexities of the internal structure of the database are hidden from him. The data fetched is in user friendly format. Data consistency ensures a consistent view of data to every user. It includes the accuracy, validity and integrity of related data. The data in the database must satisfy certain consistency constraints, for example, the age of a candidate appearing for an exam should be of number data type and in the range of 20-25. When the database is updated, these constraints are checked by the database systems. Database management systems have brought about systematization in data storage, along with data security.

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