project manual #7

ALL ABOUT PRISPA.SUN POWERED HOME.PROJECT MANUAL #7PRISPA TEAM / SOLAR DECATHLON EUROPE 2012

BUC_PM#7_2012-12-19

Prispa was happy to be here!You have just expored someone's choice of lifestyle.

2.SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Solar Decathlon Europe 2012 5

RULES AND BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE: Document revised

5.1 Architecture Design Narrative: Text checked and added.

5.2.1 Structural Design: Picture and Text added

5.2.2 Construction Design Narrative: Text revised, pictures added

5.4 Communications Plan: Text revised

5.5 Industrialization and Market Viability: Text deleted, new text added

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.COVER SHEET 12.SUMMARY OF CHANGES 33.TABLE OF CONTENTS 64. RULES AND BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST 95. CONTEST SUPPORT DOCUMENTS 14

5.0 About PRISPA 165.1 Architecture Design Narrative 175.2 Engineering and Construction Design Narrative 395.3 Energy Efficiency Design Narrative 1095.4 Communications Plan 1225.5 Industrialization and Market Viability 1525.6 Innovation Report 1895.7. Sustainability Report 211

6. DINNER PARTY MENU 2247. CONTEST WEEK TASKS’ PLANNING 2368. COST ESTIMATE AND PROJECT FINANCIAL SUMMARY 2379. DETAILED WATER BUDGET 24810. ELECTRIC AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CHART 25111. CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS 25412. SITE OPERATIONS Report 13. HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN 14. STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS

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4. RULES AND BUILDING CODE COMPLIANCE CHECKLIST

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5. CONTEST SUPPORT DOCUMENTS

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5.0 About PRISPA

PRISPA HOUSE IS:A HOME CREATED TO FIT IN THE ROMANIAN VILLAGE, A SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE TO RURAL REVIVAL AND AN OPPORTUNITY TO KEEP ALIVE OUR TRADITIONAL CHARM.

AFFORDABLEA project designed to allow the development of a fully equipped industrialized version that would not exceed 70 000 Euros, the limit set by “Prima Casa” (“First Home” governmental program).

COMFORTABLEPRISPA is a house all Romanians can relate to, displaying contemporary high-tech living standards without being menacing. These standards are set according to both legalized European standards of living and Romanian psychological thresholds. The house provides

complexity hidden behind simplicity in concept and design.

EASY TO BUILDPRISPA is making great use of prefabricated elements, structural simplicity and technology so as to be built with the minimum amount of effort.

ADAPTABLEUsing reconfigurable features in the living space and a modular structure that allows extensions or easy to make changes in design without losing the general idea of the project.

CONTEXT WISEBy means of design, functions, finishing,

independence in use and all of the above.


1. ContextTo observe and to be observed

5.1 Architecture Design Narrative

The way the present connects to tradition is the most intriguing aspect for the architect, educated in the spirit of admiration for the traditional art, so organic and classically balanced.1

Seeing avant-garde as pushing the boundaries of what is generally accepted, we approached our project in a manner that enables our solar house to be accepted by Romanians, without falling out of the guidelines set by the SDE 2012 competition requirements. Therefore, the design of our house has to answer to a Romanaian context, with all its implications: social, political, economic and cultural. The response is not formal, but a sustainable one, by reusing in new, different ways what we found in our traditional culture.

The economy in our country creates the scenario in which the urban context appears to give better chances at a prosperous life (more working places, more services), often forgetting about quality. When it comes to politics, the forced urbanization in the 70s generated a quick degradation process of the rural areas (the source of traditional values), while overpopulating the cities led to lower

1 Mihail Caffé, 1974, “Tendencies in the evolution of the concept of living in the rural environment”, in Arhitectura, No.1/1974, p. 4

living standards and higher prices. Moreover, Romanians inherited a strong sense of ownership, all these factors making them settle for cheap housing.

During communism, a large amount of people from rural areas were dislocated from their original homes and were given small apartments in new built urban blocks of flats. The lack of space at home was a general feeling that perpetuates to the present day (lack of storage space, the complete absence of a dining area or very small balconies). People lost something valuable and they are trying to recover it.

This context reflects at a cultural level by the constant need of opulence, thus denying the economic context. The situation is far from being recent, but it has known an acceleration in the past few years. So, a revival of the countryside is not only a good, idealistic approach, but a necessary, if not an urgent one. Romania is facing a real problem and its shattered economy can be redressed through agriculture. People’s reluctance to live in a village might be one of the main reasons for this decay. By offering the chance to have high standard living conditions, PRISPA aims to be a catalyst in order to solve this impending problem.

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Romanians have a certain nostalgic feel for the countryside, based mainly on childhood memories regarding their grandparents, the vegetable garden, the tranquility of the natural surroundings and the traditional home-made or home-grown food and drinks (cheese, tomatoes, grapes, “palinca” or wine). In a consumerist society marked by mass-production, these elements are often regarded as luxurious.

Hence, repopulating the rural areas as an attempt at a solution only comes naturally. This should, however, be made by introducing the village to some urban elements that Romanians have integrated into their lifestyles over the years, either by becoming accustomed

to them or by the inevitable technological evolution.

The vernacular traditional house evolved according to the family’s needs, climate and the natural materials found at hand, beside the normal influence of socio-economical factors. There are, of course, many variations in Romania, but we can easily point out the common grounds, one of which is the relation between spaces.


The overground evolutionary starting point is one multifunctional room (living, cooking, eating, storage) with the heating system in a corner (“vatra”, the hearth), usually accessed through a small unheated room called “tinda”. “The clean room” was added adjacent to the central space, having the clear purpose of hosting guests. Depending on the area of the country, “tinda” moved between the two or extended an open, but sheltered space, in front of the clear room – „prispa”, providing direct access to it from outside. The storage area is also a point of interest, the attempt at clearly defining it as a separate space being present throughout evolution.

Every element in the rural wooden house has to be aesthetically pleasing, structural-wise and multifunctional, while helping to keep a thermal comfort balance both in the cold and the hot season, without losing resources for heating. What is truly beautiful about all this is that the complexity of this endeavor has such a simple and innate outcome.

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PRISPA project came out with a simple concept of a house, with a very specific and easy to remember “fingerprint”:

roof – shield – a dynamic system, offering an active solar surface that defines and protects the living space;

house – living – compact volume, with north-south orientation;

the platform – connection – links the house to the earth and other people;

“prispa” – in-between – the transitional space, protected by the roof.

One of the most complex ensembles that resulted from this approach is “prispa”, the element we decided to be the central motif of our project.

“Prispa”, the specific Romanian porch, has been an important part of traditional wooden architecture and has represented, for centuries, a key element in the spatial and planimetric composition. There is a strong symbolic dimension attached to this key element in traditional wooden architecture. It marks a crossover between private and public, a gradual transition space between the building (interior, privacy) and nature (exposure), being thus a space to socialize and share experience. Or, how we like to call it, a place to observe and to be observed.


“Prispa” is a place that, first of all, allows someone to be seated. Simple, but fundamental human actions can happen: being seated, observing, taking a break in a busy day. “Prispa” contains a deeply-rooted socio-cultural mark that comes from one’s childhood. Almost all our grandparents have lived in a house with such an element in front of it. On “prispa” one can stay outside on a summer rainy day, protected by the roof, drinking a cup of tea, or even on a winter day, sitting on a bench with a cup of boiled wine and a blanket on the legs, watching the snow fall.

Moreover, “prispa” acts like a shading device, protecting the interior living space from the summer sun and receiving direct lighting in winter. Being an in-between space,

“prispa” also acts as a wind and snow barrier, while helping expand the slope of the roof, the solar active surface.

The house has to meet the needs of an average couple (price, ease of living, adaptability, contemporary comfort), but it also has to keep a touch of the national identity, while creating the kind of space Romanians can psychologically understand and relate to. It is all about building an environmentally friendly home that uses technology without being threatening and also helps bring down some walls people are hiding behind when it comes to being part of a community.

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2. House Design A whole that functions effortless

The principal rural housing requirements are the separation between daily and clean areas, summer-winter seasonal swing, the cohabitation of different generations and the existence of a thermally insulated central area.1

PRISPA House is keeping the same functional flow and ratio between comfort and the area needed to achieve it. The functions also respect that traditional principle in which they are clearly defined, like cells creating an organism.

1 Mihail Caffé, “Tendencies in the evolution of the concept of living in the rural environment”, in Arhitectura, No.1 / 1974, p. x

The house has prispa, a vestibule (“tinda”), the main living area which has the utilities at hand, “the clean room” used for sleeping and the storage area, all following the same composition rules. A split-level, used as a leisure zone, allows some flexibility to the family room, in order to meet contemporary standards.

The functions that require intimacy are placed on the North side of the house, near the core (seen both as a technical element and as the central traditional space - “vatra” - the hearth) and the spaces that involve social activities benefit from the maximum height and a generous opening towards “prispa”. “Vatra” represents the very heart of the house, the place where food is prepared and in around which the family gathers to have dinner. In PRISPA House, this core comprises the kitchen and the technical module, which has all the equipment that bring the house to life. The space destined for preparing food is linked to the split level above, used for leisure purposes, and to the sleeping area, only separated by the bathroom (due to functional and efficiency requirements).


Prispa remains the main junction area between inside and outside and has the possibility of diffusing this boundary by fully opening up the space of the living room onto the exterior through sliding glass windows. It also ensures a second access to the private area, thus providing independence. Moreover, it can be used separately as a sheltered, but open living room (sitting, dining, socializing).

The vestibule fully keeps its role as a buffer area between the exterior of the house and the main living area, while also providing storage space for the entrance.

The living room is the day area, an open space that provides room for eating, relaxation and work throughout the day. Following tradition, the furniture arrangement clearly separates the dining from the sitting space, creating a logical relationship in an open surface. Being a room for an entire family, a more intimate area was needed, so we decided to have a split level in the attic, which generates an open space used for leisure. Although private, this space is integrated in the day area. It is accessed through a fixed ladder and protected by a swinging door for safety purposes.

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The dining has the advantage of being a flexible space due to its furniture. The table is made out of two pieces, one creating a limit for the sitting space and the other one placed in front of the western window, the area between them generating a circulation space. This arrangement ensures the possibility of simultaneous actions for a small family: having breakfast in front of the window, working or socializing in connection with the whole living room. If accommodation for more people is needed, the two pieces of the table can be brought together in order to achieve a proper dining table for eight.

Another aspect we kept in mind is the presence of utilities near this central room, so we designed the kitchen as a side space. The kitchen is also part of the utility area, comprising of the wet zone (kitchen - bathroom) and the equipped technical module. The split level also provides a hidden access to the technical room, it being designed to be used for occasional maintenance.

The private area is separated from the living room by a structural wall with a two-way functional role. It contains the bedroom and the working space.

The northern side of the house is commonly used as a storage space, in this particular case sheltering the water tanks for Madrid. In the industrialized prototype we plan to leave the storage open but covered, with outside access only.

The logic of the storage comes from tradition and it aims to come as a solution for the lack of space experienced in urban collective housing. This inherently led to improvised attachments and altered living spaces.

PRISPA house managed to recover some spaces in order to integrate storage in the design, starting from the northern area to the vestibule, technical room and split level. Moreover, part of the furniture has this added role: the wall / closet between the day area and the private area or the space under the seats.

Thoroughly following PRISPA’s strategy, the architecture of the house must use contemporary technology in such a way that it is not threatening. Our approach is to have it hidden, efficient and low maintenance.

In order to achieve this, we grouped most of the HVAC systems in the technical room and storage space (only the interior air-air converters being placed on the walls). This position helped us as much when it came to maximizing the efficiency of the kitchen and bathroom plumbing (straight pipes, proximity of water tanks). The photovoltaic system is mounted on the roof metallic boards using a simple technology while also having its energy converters in this technical area.


General project dimensions:

Built Area = 107.40 sqmBuilt Area Split Level = 23.15 sqmTotal Gross Area = 130.55 sqmUsable Area Ground Floor = 60.55 sqmUsable Area Split Level = 17.05 sqmTotal Usable Area = 77.60 sqm

Length: 10.00 mWidth: 10.00 mHeight at ridge = 5,95 mHeight at eaves: 2,75 m

Exterior Volume = 310 mcInterior Volume = 260 mc

Number of photovoltaic panels – 32Installed power – 8 kW/pEstimated electrical energy consumption in Bucharest – 7349 kWh/yearEstimated electrical energy production in Bucharest – 9501 kWh/yearNo. of solar panels – 2Grey water recycled – 250 l/day

It’s all about materials and fine details

The materials of PRISPA House are chosen based on traditional principles on the one hand, and on their capacity of being environmentally friendly on the other hand.

The rural man took his materials directly from nature and did not benefit from tools, industrialization or electrical grids. He had to do all the building by hand, so efficiency in amount of work, material and productivity was his key to success. Every element in his wooden house is thought beforehand in order to be aesthetically pleasing, structural-wise and multifunctional, while helping to keep a thermal comfort balance both in the cold and the hot season, without losing resources for heating. What is truly beautiful about all these is that the complexity of this endeavor has such a simple, sincere and innate outcome.

Hence, we tried to build PRISPA house from natural materials and with technologies that can be easily found in our country. This ensures a proper and intelligent use of materials and reinstates our strategy.

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Wood is the material used in greater percentage, in different colors and textures, being, perhaps, the most flexible material nature has provided us with.

Today’s Romanian housing market is mainly based on concrete structures with masonry walls. However, in a country that counts many forests, a locally produced wooden structure that has a high carbon dioxide storage capacity seems a logical decision. We tried, as much as possible, to combine modern technology (OSB with no added urea-formaldehyde, prefabricated panels) with traditional carpentry (joints, working techniques) in order to ease the execution. The use of industrialized elements and engineered wood allows to minimize the quantity of material and maximize its properties, both structural and thermal.

Wood with different textures, colors and treatments will also be used as floor finishing, both inside and outside. In order to achieve humidity protection and resistance to mechanical wear, the wood is treated with a nanotechnology-based substance.

Clay is another material from vernacular architecture. Besides being a natural material, it also has hygroscopic properties, so we decided to use it as finishing on interior walls. For it to adhere to the OSB boards, we introduced a middle red drywall coating which also provides fire protection.

Metal will be used in different forms – zinc roof system, including eaves fascia board

finishing, also zinc finishing for the mounting and industrialized connectors for structural purposes and other constructive details.

As stated before, our prototype has to undergo 3 assemblies and 2 disassembles. In order to achieve this without material loss, we opted for a metal roofing system that resists to this type of mechanical wear. Being made out of an alloy of mostly zinc and a little titanium, the metallic boards are recyclable and their structure regenerates itself after hostile actions from the environment.

The use of the zinc metal roofing also allows the eaves to be placed on the underside of the roof and the gutter to be integrated in the structure of the house. The design of the joints between the metallic profiles leave a void that enables us to integrate and hide the solar panel connections in the roof system. These joints are also used as a support for mounting the structural grid of the solar panels.

Stone is also a widely used natural material in Romanian housing, but in PRISPA we chose andesite with the clear purpose of creating a thermal mass, thus its dark colour and texture.


PRISPA House passive strategies are, however, the ones that minimize costs (energy, materials) and maximize efficiency, giving PRISPA part of its sustainable attribute. These were wisely integrated in the architecture of the house, providing that innate mechanism, both simple and complex at the same time. A passive approach was imperative since the temperature difference between summer and winter in Romania can sometimes reach 70 Celsius degrees (+40 Celsius degrees in summer and -30 Celsius degrees in winter).

Prispa, our key element, keeps its traditional passive function, protecting the interior from the greenhouse effect during summer and allowing direct sunlight in winter. Moreover, it naturally expanded the active solar surface of the house, allowing a perfect area for mounting the photovoltaic panels.

The vestibule placed at the entrance functions as a buffer zone, which regulates pressure and temperature levels between inside and outside.

The envelope shapes an exterior covered storage space at the North, which provides an useful buffer zone for the house, protecting from the northern winds and the heavy snow it triggers during winter.

One of the very first selling strengths of PRISPA House is the natural light and natural ventilation for each space.

The house has an optimum compact volume. There are no unused or overdimensioned heated areas. Moreover, the heating system also works for minimum loss of energy. The interior air vents are placed on the East and West walls so they can face the fresh air intake grid, thus realizing better ventilation. The interior heated air is fully reused, thus diminishing the quantity of energy used. Following the same principle, during winter, starting from 5 Celsius degrees below 0, heating can be done using infrared panels placed in the living room, bedroom and bathroom.

Thermal comfort is also ensured by a strategic placement of shutters in the window system, the glass treatment and mineral wool used as insulation. Moreover, since the design of the southern facade allows thermal substations, thermal balance is achieved through a natural stone thermal mass placed in front of the windows. The layer of dark coloured stone stores heat from sun radiation and releases it during the night. The same principle applies when using the infrared panels, the stone receiving direct heat.

North Wind

Airflow

AirflowAirflow

Cooling

Stone

humidity

Summer Sun

Cla

y

North Wind

Heating

Stone

ThermalBuffer

WinterSun

RadiantPanel

Cla

y

ThermalBuffer

ThermalBuffer

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Comfortably, at home

Having the strategy in mind, we designed our interior space using the traditional principles of interior functionality and decoration. In order to extract the essential points we needed for the design process, we considered a sum of common elements present in traditional styles throughout Romania.

In Romanian rural communities, a general tendency in design is followed in every household. Our concept lies in capturing the essence of Romanian tradition through form, texture and technique. This calls for the use of natural materials with enhanced technological properties (for example, the improved clay plastering using a red drywall support for fire safety).

Another principle we adapted to our PRISPA House interior is the traditional alternation of colored furniture and textiles with white surfaces.

The only color accents we use is in the textiles (traditional colors), the rest of the materials keeping their own natural color and texture. The furniture, except storage pieces, is usually lifted from the floor, while the shapes used are commonly rectangular, symbolizing ascension (truncated pyramid) or balance (the weight uniformly unloading on the base in the 3 or 4 legged pieces). Our furniture can either be fixed (kitchen, bathroom, comprising the sanitary equipment) or demountable (for ease of transport).

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3. Lighting Design

Sun in every room

Following the overall strategy, the lighting design extracts the essential traditional decorative features and mixes natural and artificial light in order to increase comfort and minimize consumption.

Every room benefits from natural light for as much time as possible. This means, on the one hand, that the interior composition of spaces sincerely reflects on the outside shell and, on the other hand, that the difference of lighting intensity throughout the day must be controlled by means of design and proper materials.

Windows are configured in such a way that they ensure a balance between the incoming caloric energy and the heat that reflects from

We can observe that the sunrays penetrate the glazed surface of the south face, permitting solar gains for this period of the year, January, winter.

On sunny summer days, it’s clear that the southern façade is fully shadowed by the “prispa”.

inside out. Depending on orientation, different treatments were applied to the glass.

Protected by “prispa”, the large southern windows can afford no additional treatment for the triple glazing, thus being able to heat the thermal mass. In order to have a better understanding of the effect that the direct sunrays will have on the South façade, and the influence of the “prispa” in the thermal comfort of the inhabitants, we ran different simulations to see exactly when the sun will warm the inside space (ideal case for winter), and when “prispa” will protect the inside space from overheating (ideal summer case). Thermal mass inside the house, along the southern façade, plays an important role for our passive design, counting for solar heat gains from direct sun.


From April 15th onwards, we can observe that “prispa” is starting to protect the glazed surface of the South façade, not allowing for any solar gains anymore.

Solar heat gains from direct sunrays through the glazed surface of the South façade start to appear from beginning of October onwards.

Please check Annex 5.1 Shadow on prispa monthly and hourly, Annex 5.1 Shadow on prispa year-round at 1200 for further daylight simulations.

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On the eastern and western facades, the triple glazed windows have Low-E treatments so that they only let light pass, not heat, avoiding the greenhouse effect. However, these windows have the possibility of total light control in summer by using sliding wooden shutters. Moreover, to avoid the glaring sunset light, the western glass has an additional metallic foil treatment. On the North, the windows have no treatment except for being tempered as all the rest, for health and safety aspects in the public tour.

Daylight is a major source of comfort and a very important aspect for the overall quality of the indoor environment. Maximizing glazed surface for daylight and minimizing heat loose through the same glazed surface, is a hard-to-maintain equilibrium, but not impossible to obtain. We optimized the glazed surface of our house based on this two considerations, running different daylight and energy simulations.

The conditions for daylight simulation were: Standard CIE, Overcast sky. We obtained a good lux level for the most important areas which needed this comfort, working space, living room, kitchen and even a value of 100 lux for the bathroom.

Natural lighting study, all horizontal surfaces

Natural lighting study – living room, interior walls


The artificial lighting is calculated to give enough light for the normal functioning of the house, closely depending on the function of each room. For the interior, there are 4 types of illuminating objects. There is a general lighting object for the living, dining and office space which is flexible and uses the traditional zigzag motif. The split level is illuminated by a reinterpreted lantern and the working desk uses a lighthead resembling a rural fountain. The fourth type of object is a suspended headstand light which is inspired by a wool spindle with the suspension cable wrapped in natural wool.

Natural lighting study – private area, interior walls

Natural lighting study – bathroom, interior walls

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4. Landscape Design“I miss the garden we had when we were little”, a visitor said.

The countryside garden is identified by Romanians with peace and family. Combined with the idea that our project has that key element that allows for one to observe and to be observed, the landscape design should be comfortable, both physically and psychologically. This is achieved through three major characteristics: readability, usability and produced mindscape.

The readability of the landscape produces the feelings of safety, compulsory for the idea of a home, and is given by the easy recognizable access points and paths.

The mindscape that the comfort of the landscape aims to achieve relates to giving a personal meaning to the user, based on individual values and perception:

- southern area dominated sun, joy and flowers, with the children area in front of the house - the landscape offers continuity to the space created by “prispa”;

- the social dimension of the “prispa”, giving the visitor a sense of dominance – the first image of the interior and the overview on the garden;

- western vegetable garden with an arts & crafts area – a way to experience the culture;

- northern buffer area, an exterior covered storage space.

- the aesthetics of the overall space, generated by distribution of objects and the use of vegetation species with different heights, colours and smell flavours.

Through the mindscape assessment, the visitor will take away more than an image, but a memory of PRISPA House.

PRISPA s garden is clearly inspired by the traditional outdoor environment of rural areas. Thus, the presence of green leafs vegetation is articulated towards obtaining both aesthetical satisfaction and production of organic vegetables, fruits and aromatic plants for domestic consumption. The species used are frequently met in a typical Romanian garden, as most of the people in rural areas cultivate their own vegetables.

The traditional three-legged chair is hand-crafted, its image being recognizable for both adults and children.

To make the jardinières, we use the wooden boxes we have built for transportation purposes, giving them functionality during our stay in Madrid.


5. Reconfigurable featuresOne family, different scenarios

Anticipating the Romanians’ enterprising nature, we made the house flexible and used all the spaces so as to ensure its integrity in time. In order for the house to adapt to contemporary lifestyle scenarios, to minimize space and increase efficiency in design, we had to use reconfigurable features. These are either related to space distribution or to the actual use of furniture.

We want the areas of our house to have multiple possibilities of use, without ignoring necessary boundaries. Hence, we use sliding doors to create a continuous indoor - outdoor space during summer, by allowing the living space to extend into the “prispa”.

Moreover, to enhance storage space, this wall is functional on both sides, depending on the room’s profile. The living area benefits from bookshelves and a TV space, while on the other side the wall transforms in a storage for clothes and a bookcase.

We also consider the split level a reconfigurable space because it can be used in various ways with a slight repositioning of furniture: leisure room, reading room, playroom or even extra sleeping area.

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The dining area has a reconfigurable table that, in normal use, creates a limit between the dining and the living space, modulates a circulation space from the entrance to the kitchen and can be used as an eating table and a working space at the same time, while offering intimacy for these actions. However, when the two pieces are brought together, the table can accommodate 6 or 8 people. Moreover, one half of the table can be used as an extra storage space.

The coffee table in the TV area, besides from being unfoldable, provides a temporary drawing area for children.

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Our STRATEGY is the INNATE ANSWER to our CONTEXT

To sum up, the coherence we aim for lies exactly in this natural flow of elements that generated the Romanian vernacular architecture. It’s all about the mechanism generated by exposed nude elements (shape and function) which are thought in their complexity before construction.

We constantly combine our concept, our strategy and the context we have set for our project. We want to achieve a shift in our national mentality, which means that what we propose has to be accepted by society, but it also has to be real. In order for it to be real, we need sponsors, so we are mostly using what the market offers us. Moreover, we need to respect SDE’s rules, which might sometimes be different from the requirements in our country. Only by mixing all these together, allowing for the occasional compromise, will we be able to give meaning to this project.

Hence, the house has to meet the needs of an average couple (accessible price, ease of living, adaptability, contemporary comfort), but it also has to keep a touch of the national identity, while creating the kind of space Romanians can psychologically understand and relate to. We want to give them a house that comprises everything the city has taken from them, as well as including almost all the benefits the urban areas added to their lifestyles.

However, in order to have an optimum response to this context, we have to set a clear boundary between ideal and feasible. For us, optimum means feasible. PRISPA’s strategy represents the innate answer to the context we build in - the background already exists, we just have to give it shape.


Introduction

The load bearing structure of PRISPA house consists of a system of load bearing walls. Some of them are divided into structural panels and the rest are found in the structure for the two transportable modules: the lower module (kitchen+bathroom+bedroom module) and the upper module (technical module). The base materials are engineered wood products such as I-Joists and Oriented Strand Boards, as well as timber and, for the joining of the structural parts, a range of steel connectors and bolts are used. For thermal insulation glass wool is used.

The structural calculations (see ‘Structural Calculations’ section) contain the evaluation of loads on structure: permanent loads, live loads snow, wind load, seismic loads, complete analysis of the stresses and deflections of the I-Joists in the structural panels for roof and floor, stresses in columns and osb boards from walls, studies concerning contribution of osb plates on global stiffness and rigidity of beams and entire structure, dinamic analisys and seismic response, temporary foundation efforts, elements stresses during uplifting.

Materials

We use wood as main material, both natural and proccesed. Structurally wise, wood has several qualities which make it suitable for use in our house. Timber has a very high strength to weight ratio and is capable of transferring both tension and compression forces. Romanian spurch is the spiecie used with C27 class of quality standard (according to EN 338:2003) and 12% moisture content.

I-joists are economical and versatile structural elements, in which the geometry permits efficient use of the material by concentrating the timber in the outermost areas of the cross-section where it is required to resist to stresses. I-joists are lightweight and can easily be handled by one or two persons, they generally possess higher strength and stiffness than comparable-sized solid timber. Moreover as far as large spans and loads go, they are more efficient than solid timber.

The Oriented Strand Boards are used because they have a very good dimensional stability and a high resistance. They contribute to the overall lateral stability of the structural panels, bracing the house and they increase strength of beams and columns due to steel staples fixing.

5.2.1 Structural design

5.2 Engineering and Construction Design Narrative

The south slope consists of 4 structural panels North-South orientated that primarily rest on the south wall, the studs on the porch, the walls of the upper module and a portion of the north slope of the roof. In addition, the east, the west and the interior wall offer more support.

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Development

In order to have maximum flexibility of the interior space, the first idea was to use the shell as main structure. After several models and attempts, we concluded that in transversal direction, an additional interior structural wall was needed capable of transfering the lateral forces due to wind and earthquake, to the foundations. On the longitudinal direction, due to the south and north walls, there was no need for extra structural walls.

Meanwhile, the idea of using a transportable module has emarged (see Constructive Design Narrative – Transportable modules). First the module was centrally positioned within the house. Therefore, its transversal walls, together with the east and west walls, formed a set of shear walls that gave the house the requiered level of resistence and rigidity to the lateral forces.

Further, the decision of using two transportable modules was taken. They were placed longitudinally on the north part of the house. The need of a interior structural wall appeared again. Therefore, the interior wall that separates the day living area of the night area became a structural one

Description of the final structure The roof resembles a gable roof, but the

pitches are different: the south one has a 19 degrees inclination and the north one has 63 degrees and goes from the ridge to the level of the ground.


The north slope is made by joining the north wall of the upper module and the roof additions.

The east, the west, the south and the interior walls consist of structural panels and the respective module walls that mainly sit on the adjustable steel supports

The upper module rests on the lower module which sits on adjustable steel supports

The platform is composed of 4 main structural panels, the structural panels for the porch and the lower module. They rest on a number of adjustable steel supports that have a hard plywood footings.

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Loads transmission

The entire assembly of the constructive elements (structural panels and transportable modules) form a ‘rigid box’, a structure capable of efficiently transferring both gravitational and lateral loads due to the wind and earthquake actions.

The gravitational loads comming from self weight and snow are taken by the structural roof panels. They transfer it further to the vertical walls from south and north. All loads are then transfered to the steel foundations.

Horizontal gravitational loads component comming from the gravitational loads separation across the roof, are taken by a girder which is active on this particular direction, located above the south wall. From this point the load is passed to the transversal shear walls (west, east and interior walls) which directs it to the foundations.

For the North-South direction the east, west and interior walls give the necessary rigidity and stability of the structure.

For the other orthogonal direction these requirements are provided by the transportable modules and the south wall.


The temporary foundations are made of adjustable steel supports that have a hardplywood board footing. They are interconnected with a set of wood slats to ease placing them on position. They were dimensioned and positioned taking into account the soil bearing pressure, efforts transfered to steel supports, geometry of structural panels and their connections.

On North parth of the house, the storage area structure that covers the plumbing facilities consist of timber frames braced with osb boards, that sustain the lower part of the roof and the structure of the 4 acces doors. The frames are connected to north wall of lower module through two longitudinal beam. The space between frames is moduled after water tanks dimensions.

Latteral addition that are added in exterior, on east and west exterior walls contours have a box type structure made from wooden slats in all 4 corners and interior OSB board spacers. The exterior faces are plated with OSB boards that form a support for zink coating.

They are connected to the structure with a series of screws and steel angle brackets.

44 PRISPA team

Prefabricated panels system

We choose this solution for several reasons. Due to the fabrication in a specialized workshop, using modern equipments and technologies and taking advantage of an adequate engineering control, the quality of the panels is very high. Also, the assembly time on the construction site reduces significantly, thus decreasing labor and also costs.

The structural panels are generally made of structural frame elements (I-Joists or box-studs), placed at distances that meet the strength and rigidity requirements and also material standard dimension. The height of the elements (24 cm) has resulted from the condition of ensuring the required thickness of the insulation, determined from a thermal calculation. OSB boards are fastened on both sides using metal staples. The gap between these elements is filled with thermal insulation – mineral wool.

We choose to integrate all the insulation inside the panels due to repeated assembly and disassembly procedures and transporting, which may damage an outside insulation.

Introduction

This report will explain how the house is constructed and what changes occurred along the development of the project.

The constructive system of PRISPA house is based on two different constructive elements: structural prefabricated panels and transportable modules.

The design process began from the competition aims regarding assembly/disassembly and transportation conditions that we took as main guidelines.

PRISPA house was first constructed in Bucharest for tests and public exposure. Then the house supported two other assemblies: in Madrid during the competition and in Romania where is currently inhabited. The disassemblies took place first in Romania and then in Madrid after the competition.

All these actions have implications in the house constructive design regarding the

dimensions, weight and the joining method between elements.

Main building material

For sustainability reasons we decided to use wood as main building material. Wood is perhaps the most flexible material nature has provided us with.

Besides the advantages related to its sustainability, described more detailed in 5.7 Sustainability Report, wood has several features that make it suitable for use as main building material for our house. Its light weight is an advantage that makes prefabricated elements to be easily manipulated both in the production workshop and on the construction site. Another great advantage of wood is the possibility of processing it, for using it in a more rational and efficient way. In addition, wood is a material with lower thermal conductivity than other construction materials (like steel or concrete), so the level of thermal bridges is lower

5.2.2 Construction Design Narrative

Making a box stud


I-Joists are an optimal solution between material consumption, strength and energy efficiency. They have the ideal material distribution on the cross section and remove the thermal bridges almost entirely. Moreover, they are low weighted.

The construction of wooden houses in Romania is based on craftsmanship techniques. Seeking a solution that uses less material (as the engineered wood) is a very narrow niche, therefore there are few producers on the market.

The efficient use of wood is globally applied in our project but the presence of the I-joists is limited to the roof and platform panels.

Due to several reasons, we had to adjust our solution we originally planned for the wall panels by using an I-joist alternative element. The box studs (see figure below) are manufactured by our team members.

A structural panel has either a rectangular or trapezoidal shape, depending on its position in the structure, in respect to the openings for doors and windows

Box stud traversal section

Making a box stud

46 PRISPA team

- Bordering I-Joists or with timber stiffeners for the web of the I-Joist. The web stiffeners cover the whole length of the web on the outside and locally on the inside, where the connectors with neighboring structural panels are placed;

- Internal I-joists that span along the long direction with locally placed web stiffeners also made from timber;

- The I-Joists are joined together using steel hangers; the box studs from the walls panels are simply fastened with wood screws

Structural platform panel with I-joist connection detail

Structural wall panel with box stud connection detail

In case of industrialization all the constructive elements will be made using I-joists, the solution with box-studs being one adopted in the current context of the competition.

All structural panels are coated with gypsum boards to meet the required fire protection. On the inner face of the panels a vapor barrier membrane is placed. It prevents the vapor flow from inside out, protecting thus the thermal insulation.

For waterproofing the roof, zink sheet is used. Under the zink sheet, there is am anticondense layer that provides a ventilation space between the sheet and the OSB. The zink sheet is fixed by a special system that uses wooden slats to allow disassembly and reassembly.

In general, the internal building design of a structural panel consists of:


1. Paint layer and Plaster2. Gypsum board3. OSB4. Vapor barier5. OSB6. Anti-condesation layer7. Zinc sheet layer8. I-joist9. Mineral wool10. Wood element

Roof panel system

Wall panel system

On the exterior the wall panels are covered with Placocem boards, moisture resistant and a good support for exterior plaster

1. Paint layer and claster2. Gypsum board3. OSB4. Vapor barier5. OSB6. Placocem board7. Exterior plastering8. Box-stud9. Mineral wool

Platform panel systemThe lower side of the floor panels is protected from moisture with a spray

solution that uses nanotechnology

1. Waterproofing layer2. OSB3. Vapor barier4. OSB5. Wood element6. Foor finishing7. I-joist8. Mineral wool

Kitchen+bathroom+bedroom module structure

48 PRISPA team

Transportable modules

Originally we planned the whole house being made of structural prefabricated panels. This hypothesis would have implied installing all the equipments and making the finishes on site. With a limited time available, a completely finished and equipped transportable module appeared as the optimal solution that facilitates assembly and saves considerable time.

Throughout the development of the project, two transportable modules became necessary, one that includes kitchen, bathroom and bedroom (spaces that require considerable time for finishing and detailing) and the other that includes all the equipment fixed and connected in the final position.

The modules structure is very similar with that of the prefabricated panels, having the platforms made using I-joists and the walls using box-studs, both covered with OSB and insulated. (for further details, please consult Project Drawings ST-320, ST-321, ST322, ST323, ST-324, ST-325)

As already explained in Structural Design Narrative, these constructive elements provide strength and rigidity to the whole house. Adopting this solution, we manage to obtain more accurate details and consume considerable less time at the construction site.

The interior face of the walls is plated with gypsum boards in order to meet the required fire protection. The Rigidur consists also an adequate basis for the plaster layer.

The outer bathroom wall is plastered with clay. This type of plaster is used as a thermal mass and moisture regulator. Its support layer consists of a serie of wooden slats placed at distances of 3 cm in between. To prevent the cracking of the clay, the final layer (the finest) is reinforced with reinforcing mesh fiberglass.

The modules are lifted using a metal frame. The frame is made of welded steel box section profiles and can be easily assembled and disassembled using high-strength steel bolts. Four textile straps go under the modules and are attached to the frame

Technical module structure

Lifting and mounting the upper module


Modularization The dimensions of the constructive elements relate to the size of a truck (2.45m x 2.70m x 13.00m). The

prefabricated panels, as well as the transportable modules have maximum 2.40m width. Initially, the distance spacing between internal structural elements (I-joists or box-studs) was chosen

60 cm (divisor of 2.40 m). Later on, we adopted a distance spacing of 62.5 cm depending of the OSB and mineral wool mattress dimensions for minimizing the losses that can occur during the processing time.

Connections between constructive elements

As already stated, the PRISPA house supports, in total, three assemblies and two disassemblies. The connections between constructive elements are made accordingly using metal connectors (for further details, please Project Drawings ST-403) to avoid the wood degradation and weakening of joints.

The platform panels are mounted after the two transportable modules are already in place. The connection between them is made using metal ties along the longitudinal direction and the transversal one. The compressive force they exert holds the panels together and make them co-work.

The connection between roof panels is made using bolts that are placed along the bordering elements of the panels.

For connecting the wall panels, we employ a steel connector that slides after a metal piese that resembles a screw. The constructive elements can be plugged together by inserting them from above. These connectors work as a guideline for the panels and hold them in position until they are fastened together using an OSB joining sheet.

For making the joint tight, a rubber strip and adhesive tape are used. (see Project Drawings Structure ST 401, ST 402, ST 403).

All the panels are transported together with the appropriate finishes. At the construction site in Madrid, the joints between the panels will be remade.

Connection between a wall structural panel and transportable module

Lateral additions are extensions of the roof or platform that are assembled after the panels and modules are already in place. The roof additions protect the walls against the rain. The platform ones protect the connection between wall and platform panels against rain and moisture. For waterproofing, the extensions are covered with zink sheet that is executed in a scale system which allows the disassembly

50 PRISPA team

On the North part of the house there is an attached structure made of wooden frames that covers a storage space. These frames are fastend with wooden screws and braced with OSB boards. Between the frames there are four doors that permit the acces for maintenence of the utilities on this part of the house.

The doors are covered with zink sheet profiles and are opened using hydraulic pistons which are normally used for lifting the backdoor of cars. First two doors (visible in the picture below) are covered with zink strings placed at distances that allow the ventilation of the inside space. The zink system used for the other two doors copies the pattern of the South roof

The North part of the house

Scale system detailEast facade

Zink strings


The access ramp is made almost entirely of wood. It is designed according to the rules of access for people with disabilities. On the sides there are 10 cm wooden elements that prevent an accident of a disabled person.

The ramp pillars are made in a clamps system in order to adjust the height of the floor if needed.

The handrail is 90 cm height from ramp floor level. For its connection with the pillars, copper pipes from the air-conditioning installation are reused

The ramp

Ramp pillar detail

52 PRISPA team

Foundations

The foundations of the house are temporary ones, being made of adjustable steel supports (see 14.Construction Specifications – 01 Structure – 01 Foundation). They can be fine tuned so that the floor panels can be perfectly horizontal, regardless the irregularities the surface of the terrain may have. The steel supports sit on hard plywood panels (see Project Drawings – ST-002).

The foundations are connected by wooden slats in order to be easily mounted on position.

Foundation detail

Foundation system


Acoustics Performance

1. Sound insulation

Requirements concerning the facade’s sound reduction index (R’w); required value: R’w ≥ 45 dB(A).

The façade is a multilayer compound prefabricated panel with several functional goals (thermal insulation, wind barrier, acoustic protection etc.). The structure of the façade panels consists of (from inside to outside):

- Clay interior plaster - Procrea, 10mm (finishing role)

- Rigips sheet, 12,5mm (support for clay plaster and fire protection)

- OSB sheet - Kronospan, 12 mm thickness (structural)

- I joists, OSB core and wood ends (main structure of the wall) 240 mm

- Glasswool – Isover Uniroll, 240 mm thickness (thermal insulation, sound absorption)

- OSB outer sheet, 15 mm thickness (structural role)

- Rigips Placocem sheet, 12,5mm– (support for decorative plaster, fire and water protection)

- Decorative plaster- Weber.pas silicate, 20mm

Regarding this façade panel sound reduction index, it is difficult to use a formula to calculate Rw. We estimate the sound

reduction index to be R’w ≥ 48 dB(A), based on data supplied for similar commercially available compound panels.

The main façade is made of opaque wall and openings with windows and doors. In this case, the resulting mean sound reduction index, , is obtained from the following equation:

where

Aopaque, Aglazed - aria of opaque and glazed parts of the façade, in m2

Rw, opaque, Rw, glazed - sound reduction index of opaque and glazed parts, respectively, in dB

Main façade, – facing South – is 9.65 m x 2.91 m (total of 28.08 m2), with a glazed area Aglazed = 12.59 m2, which gives an opaque area Aopaque = 15.49 m2. On the south facade it is also a windfang, with 2.46 m2 glazed area and a 2.83 m2 opaque area, which means a 5.29 m2

total area.Using a high performance acoustic

insulating glass unit on wood frame for glazed area of the façade will give Rw values of 44 dB. The resulting mean sound reduction index for the entire façade will be (using the above equation) = 45.2 dB, which should be satisfactory.

54 PRISPA team

2. Indoor reverberation time

Reverberation time (T) can be estimated using Sabine equation:

where

V volume of the room, in m3

A equivalent absorption area of the room, in m2

where

Si area of inner surface „i”, in m2

αi sound absorbtion coefficient of inner surface „i”

aj sound absorbtion of persons and furniture, in m2

The open space with Living, dining, kitchen and relaxing lodge has a volume is V = 132 m3.Finishings for living room:- Floor, thermal mass: grey stone- Floor finishing: Planks- Walls: clay interior plaster

Using common values of absorption coefficients for finishings of the room and corresponding areas, the resulting Reverberation times are presented in the following table:

Frequency 125 Hz 250 Hz 500 Hz 1000 Hz 2000Hz 4000Hz

Reverberation time 0.76 0.87 0.97 0.68 0.64 0.70


The entire calculation is presented in the following table:

56 PRISPA team

Cold water supply

Cold water is supplied through a system made with the following components:

• 8storagetankswithacapacityof250Leach;

• Boosterstationcontaininga60Lpressuretank;

• Pipelinethatconnectstheboosterstation to the indoor appliances;

The following appliances are going to use fresh water: bathroom sink, kitchen sink, toilet, dishwasher, shower and washing machine.

Current consumption of water supply will be provided from 8 tanks of 250 L fresh water each, that Solar Decathlon Europe organization will fill at the beginning of the contest. The position of the tanks and supply locations are provided in drawings ( see Project Drawings PL-003 Supply and removal-Water delivery). In order to supply cold water to the indoor appliances we will use a booster station sized knowing the required flow and pressure levels.

Sizing Calculations presented in Annex 5.2.3

PL-1 indicate the needed flow is 22.2 l/min at 7.1 mwc.

Sizing of the pressure tank is also presented in Annex 5.2.3 PL-1. The minimal requirements are 16L tank volume and 22.2 l/min nominal flow. However for SDE use, a larger tank capacity is recomended in order to ensure functioning parameters durring demanding tasks with minimal energy costs.

5.2.3 Plumbing system design

The solution chosen is the Aquapur 300 System which includes a self automated submersible pump, and a 60L pressure tank.

The Aquapur system is designed to filter and store water in an anti-septic environment having an inner coat of silver ions. Silver ions inhibit microorganism development, thusly keeping the water microbiologically clean.

Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes will be used for indoor plumbing system and high-density polyethylene (PEHD) for the supply line between the 8 tanks and to the indoor plumbing system (see Annex PL-1, PL-2 and also in Project Drowings PL-001, PL-002 ).

Pipe diameters:

- Cold water supply lines (PEX) – Ø20; Ø25; Ø32

- Tank supply line (PEHD) – Ø32


Hot water supply

Hot water is supplied through a system made with the following components:• 1singlecoilaccumulatortankwithacapacityof200L;• Pipelinethatconnectstheaccumulatortanktotheindoorappliances;In the process to produce hot water, water needed is delivered from the cold water source.The following appliances are going to use hot water: bathroom sink, kitchen sink and shower. The solar module used to produce hot water is equiped with an anti-scalding 3 way valve so

that water is always supplied at a safe temperature. A check valve is installed on the cold water supply line that enters to accumulator tank in order

to hot water from being supplied to cold water appliances. Also a 6 bar pressure valve is installed in the hot water supply line as a safety device to protect the system from overpressure.

Ø25 and Ø20 PEX pipes will be used.

Grey water system

Grey water is collected through a system made with the following components:

• 1storagetankwithacapacityof500Leach;

• Greywaterfilteringstation;• Wastewaterliftstation• Pipelinethatconnectsindoorappliances

to the storage tanks;Wastewater from the shower, bathroom

sink, dryer and washing machine, according to Rules 4.0, are considered grey water. These will be collected through sewage pipes into the designated tanks located outside the house.

Based on SDE regulations the grey water is reused for irrigation only. Filtering is done in multiple stages in order to enable usage of grey water in the plumbing systems. The following equipment shall be used in the process:

- Grey water filtering station: Aqua2use

GWDD.o Performs the first stages of filtration so

that coarse particles are retained in a number of filter types with different dimensions.

o Is equipped with a submersible pump that drains filtered water, when a pre-established level is reached, sending it to the next treatment stage.

o All the equipment is housed in an enclosed reservoir.

- Ultraviolet sterilizer: 2.1 m3/h

o Performs microbiological water sterilization.o It is the final stage in grey water treatment.

Grey water treatment is done in the following process: water is directed from indoor appliances to the filtering station where it is stored temporarily. As particle filtering is complete, water passes through the UV sterilizer where microbiological components are eliminated. As treatment is finished, grey water is directed to the irrigation system.

The system is equiped with a by-pass link that allows the user to disable the toilet flushing supply with grey water and to divert it directly to subsurface irrigations. To comply with SDE Regulations and with manufacturers recommendations, the system will not store treated grey water. Thusly it shall only be used for irrigations durring use in the Villa Solar.

To ensure 24h functioning of the sewage system, in the event that grey water flow exceeds the maximum flow handled by the system, the filtering station is equipped with an overflow fitting that directs surplus grey water to a lift station that pumps water into the 500L grey water storage tank. The position of the tanks and removal locations are provided in drawings ( see Project Drawings PL-004 Supply and removal- Water removal).

Equipment details are presented in the (see Project Drawings PL–012, PL-015).

58 PRISPA team


Polypropylene (PP) pipes will be used for indoor plumbing and PEHD for pipes linking the filtering station and the grey water storage tank

Pipe diameters:

- Clothes washer – Ø50- Bathroom sink – Ø32- Clothes dryer – Ø32- Shower – Ø50- Floor seal – Ø50- Heat exchanger – Ø32condensate pipe

Calculations indicating pipe diameters and slopes are found in Annex 5.2.3 PL-2

Black water system

Black water is collected through a system made with the following components:

• 1storagetankwithacapacityof500L;• Pipelinethatconnectsindoorappliances

to the storage tank;

Wastewater from the kitchen sink and dishwasher, under Rules 4.0, is considered black water.

Black water will be collected in a 500L tank, located in the shed behind the house.

Polypropylene pipes will be used. Pipe diameters:

- Kitchen sink – Ø75- Dishwasher – Ø50- Toilet – Ø110

Calculations indicating pipe diameters and slopes are found in Annex 5.2.3 PL-2

Mentainance The components of the system are fitted with isolation valves and hollender connecters,

so they are replaceable. It is recommended that Matala filters in the Aqua2use GWDD filtering station be washed once every 4-6 months.

The plumbing system includes an innovation for reducing water consumption. The cold and hot water supply systems for the kitchen sink are controlled using a foot pedal. The system permits the occupants to use the classic mixing valve on the sink, allowing water to be supplied only when the foot pedal is pressed.The advantage is that the foot pedal acts as a hands-free device because the users only need to press the ped-al, enabling them to have freedom of movement while washing. The position of the mixing valve is not altered, contributing to an overall comfort in use.The execution elements are two electronic valves. In case of failure, the plumbing system is equipped with by-pass valves to disable the foot pedal system. Thusly the system becomes a classic cold and hot water mixing valve system, until the problem is solved.Equipment details are found in PL-005.

60 PRISPA team

1. Describing the electrical system

The electrical power needed by the PRISPA house and its appliances is provided by a single phase supply at 230/50 Hz. The power distribution is made by a main distribution board, using a cable network made out of copper wiring protected by metallic copex elements.

The wiring will be posed apparently in the technical chamber and hidden in the living area. Also, in the office, the wiring will be posed in the furniture unit, and from there, through holes specially designed in the OSB boards, we will supply power to the circuit designed for the entertainment appliances and the lighting circuit in the office space.

The wiring system is designed so that the cables can be rolled when disassembling the house for transportation (thus, all the cables will be stored in the main module). When reassembling, the cables will be rolled back to power the electrical circuits.

For the individual branch, CYAbY 3x16 mm2, we used a halogen free cable, with insulation of 0.6/1 kV.

For the wiring inside the house we used copper wires (FY type) with PVC insulation.

The circuit breaking capacity against the short circuit current of the circuit breakers for the circuits inside the house is 6kA and for the main circuit breaker, the capacity is 10kA as mentioned in the technical documentation provided by the manufacturer.

2. Power supply The electrical power for the PRISPA house

is provided by a main distribution board (MDB), which draws power from the Villa Solar network. The MDB will be ground connected. Two power meters will be present: one will measure the power consumption and the other the power generating.

3. Electrical lighting and sockets In order to obtain the necessary lighting

levels with minimum power consumption, the artificial lighting devices will feature LED light sources. These devices will be normal or waterproof depending on the room destination. Lighting levels are ranged between 50 and 500 lx as specified by the current standards for each type of room.

LED lighting will alsow be used outside, on the platform for people with disabilities.

In order to get the perfect solution for the PRISPA house, artificial lighting was simulated using DIALUX, which provided us the luminance distribution and necessary lighting level in each room, using LED lighting devices.

3.1. Lighting circuits

Lighting circuits were designed in accordance with the technical rules in force, respecting the imposed maximum power for a single circuit. Thus, three lighting circuits were designed, one for the exterior lighting and

5.2.4.Electrical System Design


two others for the interior lighting. One of the exterior lighting containes the porch lighting.

According with the one-line diagram we have the following installed capacity for all lightingcircuits : 250 W.

3.2. Electric sockets

The socket are positioned both inside and outside the house. There are 4 types of sockets implemented in the electrical system.

At the inside we used :• Bipolarsocketwithprotectioncontact,

mounted apparently,16A;• Bipolarsocketwithprotectioncontact

mounted apparently, 16A, IP44.At the outside we used :• Bipolarsocketwithprotectioncontact,

mounted apparently.There are two types of circuits:• Dedicatedcircuits,forconsumerswith

high power consumption;• Circuitsforgeneralappliances(withmore

than two consumers connected).The sockets will be mounted apparently or

into the furniture.The bipolar plugs were provided with a

safety for general use and are located at the corresponding heights, to power computers and various other appliances (washing machine, dishwasher, electric oven, etc).

4. Electrical appliances

All electrical equipments were chosen to comply with conditions imposed by the SD rules and to integrate perfectly in the house architecture. The technical specifications of each equipment are well established, from the volume to the energy consumption and energy class of each equipment. Electrical appliances will be provided by ELECTROLUX and ZANUSSI.

5. Low current installations

As our house tries to make use of passive house strategies to meet its energy goals, the

emphasis on Building Automation Systems (home automation) is willingly minimized. In this case, the automated control system, which ensures that energy savings are in fact realized, is used as an extra precaution in order to achieve our designated goals in different climates such as the ones we find in Romania and in Madrid.

Nonetheless, BAS technology should be present in order to help the inhabitants of the house. Many solutions implemented today are ambiguous to say the least, with so many options and so many possibilities, creating the feeling of being overwhelmed by them.

Our aim is to create a system that functions only when needed, and where the inhabitant feels no need to adjust, interact or alter the way it’s functioning, he can actually ignore it, thus making the system only a small part of the house experience.

62 PRISPA team

5.1. Main Applications

Due to accessibility and ease-of-use we have chosen standard automation system. Standardization plays a pivotal role in approaching the mass market, and the lack of standardization thus far is one of the main reasons why systems were so unattractive.

5.2. Light control

The areas of the house in which one spends most of the time are the living room and the

kitchen; that’s why we focused the use of the light control system in these areas. Alongside light dimmers, the house uses an ambient light sensor that improves energy samving while creating a comfortable living environment through the optimization of brightness levels throughout the room.

Outside, a presence sensor is connected to the light source. This comes with added security benefits besides the one related to energy saving.

5.3. Energy management

Generally speaking, with energy prices increasing and the attention for CO2 reduction growing both on a public and private level, efficient energy management has become the main focus for home automation. And related to energy management, solutions typically focus on controlling heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) in homes. The main solution in this case is to integrate the control of the HVAC thermostat into the overall home automation. As we stated before this is only

added as an extra precaution as the house should be stable enough in order to meet its goals.

Of course, the possibility to switch the thermostat into setback mode when the house is not occupied and to turn it back into comfort mode just before the family members return will be present.

In the PRISPA house’s case, the changes in temperature will turn the heating/cooling on

while changes in humidity or/and CO2 levels will be taken care of by the heat exchanger through an intake of fresh air from the outside. This action will take into consideration the parameters (humidity,temperature and CO2 level) of the outside air.

5.4. Safety

The water levels in the tanks present in the backside of the house will be monitored. We

will use sensors to detect high levels of water in the grey water and black water tanks and low

levels in the drinking water tank and these sensors will start specific alarms.

6. Public Tour

During the contest’s Public Tour, the house will feature an auxiliary multimedia electronic system (screens) that will display videos or images with our house, trying to enrich the public visit.

This multimedia electronic system will have a separate power circuit, which will


be used during the public tour to power the electronics.

7. Monitoring Plan

Monitoring areas:• Electrical• Instrumentation

The electrical monitoring provides the Electrical Energy Balance, evaluating the house’s electrical energy self-sufficiency provided by solar active technology and their electricity use intensity.

Instrumentation area monitoring, by locating sensors where appropriate, evaluating house functioning.

Depending on whether the measurements are continuous or punctual there are two types of measurements:

• ContinuousMonitoring• MonitoringTasks

Sensors location will be determined by team members and the SD Organization, so we will propose specific locations for them.

8) MaintenanceThe electrical system was developed so that

maintenance can be performed easily. Thus,if a defect in the electrical system will appear, someone can act quickly on it, easily finding its location and fixing it.

Using of wireless technology EATON

Builders can tell you a tale or two about that: how many light switches you're going to need later and where -

it's not easy to gauge in the initial construction stages. The failings of the electrical system only really become

apparent when the interior fittings are finished. So it's a good thing that Eaton's wireless system makes it easy to

correct any possible planning mistakes at any point in time. Wireless technology does away with the expense of

laying cables. The switches are simply attached to the wall and can be removed just as easily. Eaton's wireless

system is also simple to modify or expand at a later date. The system links seamlessly to the traditional electrical

system. Conventional switches can be converted to wireless switches at any time. Lamps can be dimmed and

switched on and off via wireless adapters. Actuators which transmit the switch signals to lamps and other appliances

can be fitted wherever you like, even in wet-room and cable duct boxes or in light fixtures. The entire system can be

installed without the need to chase in wires and thus without any of those dreaded building works.

Thanks to xComfort, your house can offer you a warm welcome. Individually adjusted light settings ensure

optimum lighting moods to suit every situation. The soft dimmed lighting in the living room provides the perfect place

to unwind.

The Room-Manager coordinates all the heating and cooling systems in the house, taking into account the

outside temperature , also the control of heat exchanger. So if you just want to set the temperature in the room you

simply set the values directly on Room - Manager and it will provide you with your "feelgood" atmosphere round the

clock, meanwhile you can check the humidity or set the optimum lighting mood or see the production of the

photovoltaic system.

64 PRISPA team

1. General Description

a. Architectural integrationThe PV system design is based on the

concept of combining traditional Romanian architectural elements with solar active systems. The Photovoltaic System is designed so it can be updated step by step, starting from a simple 16 PV modules system, up to 32 PV modules or more, conditioned by the economical possibilities. Our system has a single photovoltaic surface, south oriented, which is disposed on the roof of the building.

5.2.5 Photovoltaic Systems Design

We chose an applied system because it can offer a large flexibility for the construction of any PV system even if it is isolated or grid connected.

The photovoltaic system is dimensioned in accordance with the consumption of the house in the most appropriate and realistic way possible. The consumption devices can be categorized in 5 groups: domestic appliances, multimedia, HVAC, lighting and BMS.

Figure 1 – Rooftop disposal of PV System


b. Design and Specifications The roof surface serves as the main energy source

and it has a number of 32 PV modules divided in two strings, connected in series to an inverter; also, for hot water, there are 2 solar panels.

PV1.1

PV1.2

PV1.3

PV1.4

PV1.5

PV1.6

PV1.7

PV1.8 PV1.9

PV1.10

PV1.11

PV1.12

PV1.13

PV1.14

PV1.15

PV1.16 PV2.1

PV2.2

PV2.3

PV2.4

PV2.5

PV2.6

PV2.7

PV2.8 PV2.9

PV2.10

PV2.11

PV2.12

PV2.13

PV2.14

PV2.15

PV2.16

SOLAR 1

SOLAR 2

Figure 2 – PV Modules arrangement

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Figure 3 – PV technologies comparison

The technology of the PV modules was chosen to satisfy not only the electrical energy consumption of the house, but also the financial part, CO2 emissions, high efficiency and good electrical parameters.

The Monocrystalline technology chosen has the advantage of minimum necessary surface to obtain a maximum energy because of high efficiency.


Figure 4 – Slope Simulation

Simulations to determine the optimal roof were done using PVSYST software. The house architecture and the roof slope offered us an angle of 20 degrees which didn’t affect our energy production by more than 1,4% from the best case scenario, 30 degrees. At this angle, 20 degrees, the loss factor, not only in Madrid but also in Romania, is almost zero for the contest period.

The panel’s arrangement is made taking into consideration the measurements done one each PV panel. The tests were made with the thermography camera in order to see high temperature spots which influence the voltage and current.

In order to have high efficiency the panels were grouped by the tension and currents results in two strings. For more information pease see Annex. PV14.

The system is grid connected without batteries. Since only fractions of the generated energy are available at the same time as the electric loads occur, the connection to the electrical grid is inevitable. The electrical energy balance is calculated using two meters, one on the PV system output and the other one on the general distribution panel of the house

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Figure 6 – PV general DC circuit diagram

Figure 5 – Schematic design of the grid connected PV system


c. Modules and Array Description

Manufacturer : SUNERG SOLARType : Monocrystalin moduleModel : XM60/156 Black Series I PLUS – 250 WPower : up to 250 Wp and 15,3 % efficiency on an

1,65 m2 surface. XM 60/156 Black Series I PLUS is one of the

photovoltaic modules Sunerg offers its customers. It is manufactured according to IEC 61215, IEC 61730 standard and CE and uses high quality materials. 25 years warranty for a power output of 80% in comparison to starting power and 10 years product warranty.

• Blackpin-stripesurfaceandwhiteborder• Positivesorting+5/-0Wp:Extrayield• Increasedpower:thelargemoduleformatallows

optimal utilization of space in roof-parallel installations.

An overview of the parameters used for the simulation is given below:

For complete information, see Annex 5.2.5 PV1.

STC (Standard Test Conditions) ( 1000 W/m2, AM 1.5, 25 °C Cell Temperature) Maximum Power (PMAX) Wp 250 Voltage at Pmax (VMPP) V 29.2 Current at Pmax (lMPP) A 8.56 Short-circuit Current (ISC): A 9.12 Open-circuit Voltage (VOC) V 35.53 Efficiency % >15.32 Normal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) °C 46±2

Temperature Coefficients (at AM 1.5, 1000 W/m2 irradiance) y = yREFERENCE ¥ [1 + TC ¥ (T- TREFERENCE)]

Temperature Coefficient (TC) of ISC %/K 0,0125%/°C Temperature Coefficient (TC) of VOC %/K -0,37%/°C Temperature Coefficient (TC) of PMAX %/°C -0,48%/°C

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Array

Characteristics U.M. Total number of PV modules: - 32 Connection - series Number of strings - 2 Number of PV modules per string - 16 Peak power (input): Wp 8000 Array operating characteristics - Umpp V 420 - Impp A 17 Array Global power - STC W 8000 1) NOCT W 7050 Max. DC current A 17,4

d. Inverter To convert the DC current of the PV generator to AC grid

energy, we use the SMA SMC8000TL inverter. It suits perfectly the electric dimensions of the generator and has an outstanding conversion efficiency ( ηEURO=98% ), high input power and voltage on DC side, as well as Maximum Power Point (MPP) tracking efficiency and automatic disconnect switch through SMA Grid Guard 2.

For complete information about the inverter, see technical specifications in Annexes 5.2.5 PV2, PV11, PV12.


Manufacturer - SUNNY MINI CENTRAL SMC8000TL

DC Max. DC power (@ cos ϕ = 1) W 8250 Max. DC voltage V 700 MPP voltage range V 333 V – 500 V Dc nominal voltage V 350 Max. input current / per string A 25 A / 25 A Number of MPP trackers - 1/4 AC AC nominal power (@ 230 V, 50 Hz) W 8000 Nominal AC voltage/ range V 220-240 / 180-260 Max. output current A 35 Other Phase conductors / connection phases / power balancing

- 1/1/●

Max. efficiency / Euro-eta % 98.0 % / 97.7 % AC short circuit protection - Yes Protection class / overvoltage category - I / III Ground fault monitoring - Yes Internal consumption at night W 0.25 Topology - Transformerless with H5

topology Electronics protection rating / connection area - IP 65 / IP 65 AC grid frequency; range - 50 Hz, 60 Hz / -6 Hz … +5 Hz Grid monitoring - SMA grid guard 2 Galvanically isolated / all-pole sensitive fault current monitoring unit

- yes

Disconnect switch - Integrated ESS DC Disconnect Switch

Compliance with IEC 60364 Each equipment used on DC and AC side has class II protection (enclosures

are IP65). On the AC side there is a protection device that includes a 40A magnetothermic circuit breaker and a Residual Current Device (RCD) for protection. The DC short circuit current of one string is less than 14A.

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e. Wiring

The PV wiring and circuit layout is done according to IEC 60364-7-712. Figure 6 shows the photovoltaic system connections, the modules are connected in series. There are 2 strings with 16 modules each. The inverter has two inputs from PV system. See roof connections details drawings PV-011 and PV-012.

Cables PRISPA’s PV system requires a type of solar cable

which can withstand extremely weather conditions.The solar cable section used is 4 mm2 between

modules also from strings to inverter, so that all the devices on the DC side can withstand continuously the short circuit current of a string (see modules characteristics). Wiring of the PV modules is done in order to minimize the voltages induced by lightning.

The cable has the following characteristics:• Resistanttocorrosionfromelectricalagentsand

abrasion• Widetemperaturerange:from-40°Cupto+120°C

• Optimalbehaviorincaseoffire• ResistanttoUVraysandOzone• Easytoassembly• Environmentalcompatibility–halogenfree

Connections between modules use special connectors TYCO Type. These connectors are male/female couplers which are designed to permit time-saving, dependable series and parallel cabling of solar modules which are integrated into buildings and free-standing.

The biggest advantage of this type of cable with connectors is that can be installed very fast and the risk of injuries during the installation of the PV system is considerably reduced.

For complete information about cables, see Annex 5.2.5 PV 4.

Figure 7 - PV Wiring

Figure 7 - PV Wiring


Figure 9 – Circuit diagram with classic transformerless inverter

2. Protection and earthing All systems must be earthed by connection

to a grounding provided by SDE organization. All photovoltaic systems are earthed by protective conductors. See metallic structure and grounding connections: PV-021, PV-031.

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PV system Protection Standard transformerless inverters

provides no electrical isolation from the grid (Fig. 9). Therefore it is not possible to ground the PV generator, because otherwise the PV generator would be short-circuited over the inverter in the corresponding switching state (S2, S3 closed).

During operation, AC fault currents on the grid side as well as DC fault currents on the generator side should be detectable by a residual current monitoring unit (RCD) integrated in the inverter, followed by inverter disconnection from the grid at a fault current surge ≥ 30 mA.

The residual current monitoring unit (RCD) normally separates the inverter from the grid at fault currents greater than 30 mA within 0.4 s. As shown in the circuit topology, external conductors as well as neutral conductors are disconnected from the grid. This reliably interrupts the short-circuit to ground.

On the DC side upstream the inverter is an indoor switchboard with a tension up to 1000VDC with discharger isolator and fuses, for 2 strings (Fig. 10).

Figure 10 – DC side sectioning for 2 strings


Figure 12. Residual Current protection Device

Figure 13. RCCB + MCB Combination (similar to a RCBO)

Figure 11. Miniature Circuit Breaker

For the AC side we are using a type A, instantaneous, residual current circuit breaker (RCCB), rated at 40A and with a 30mA rated residual current, and a miniature circuit breaker (MCB), 40A rated, with B-type tripping characteristic. These two can be combined into an assembly, forming something similar to a RCBO (residual current device with overcurrent protection).

RCBOs are a combination of a RCCB and a miniature circuit breaker in a compact design for personnel, fire and line protection. For personnel and fire protection, the residual current part of the type A trips in the event of sinusoidal AC residual currents and pulsating DC residual currents.

RCBOs comprise one part for fault-current detection and one part for overcurrent detection. They are equipped with a delayed overload/time-dependent thermal release (thermal bimetal) for low overcurrents and with an instantaneous electromagnetic release for higher overload and short-circuit currents.

For details see Annex 5.2.5 PV10.

In order to satisfy the AC voltage and frequency limitations, after the inverter there are two relays one for voltage and one for frequency. Those relays can be set up with different parameters and trip time to prevent the introduction of faults in the electrical network. (figure 14).

The Voltage relays are designed to monitor the frequency, under voltage, overvoltage and the voltage between two threshold values in AC and DC systems. The voltages are measured as r.m.s. values. The currently measured value is continuously shown on the LCD display. The measured value leading to the activation of the alarm relays will be stored. Due to the response times, installation-specific characteristics, such as device specific start-up procedures, short time voltage fluctuations can be considered. For more information please see Annex 5.2.5 PV9, PV13.

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3. Installation and commissioning

a. Mounting system

With the point support, the module must not have contact with the sub-construction. The module glass must not have contact to under-construction at any time.

For dimensions and details see drawings PV-003 and PV-004.

The modules will be installed in landscape format – see drawing PV-002.

The module must be installed in such a way that the junction box is positioned in the side area of the module and the wires hang downwards. Drainage must remain open to prevent water freezing.

b. Mounting metallic structure on the roof

• Itmustcorrespondtothenecessarystatics and the local snow and wind loads.

• Itmustbecorrectlyfastenedintheground, on the roof or on the facade.

• Itmustensurethatnomechanicalstresses (e.g. caused by vibrations,

twisting or expansion) are generated on the module.

• Itmusthaveatleast120mmofairspaceare between module back side and the outer surface of the roof to allow for sufficient ventilation.

• Itmustensurelongtermstability.• Itmustnotgiverisetogalvaniccorrosionin

case of direct metal contact (i.e. grounding lead, screws, washers, etc.).

• Itmustallowforstrain-freeexpansionand contraction due to natural ambient temperature variations.

The requirements to ensure a long-term stability of the solar modules:

• Themodulecannotbendortwistmorethan 3 mm/m (without additional load such as wind, snow, etc.). That means that the difference between two points of the module must not exceed 3 mm/m.

• Positionthemodulesplanar.• Installthemoduleswithaminimum

distance of 20 mm to each other.• Useallfasteningpointsandavoiddirect

contact between the glass and metal (e.g. mounting rails).

Figure 14. Voltage and frequency relay


c. Stages of assembly


Operation According with drawing no.: Responsible team

Mounting longitudinal beams PV-003 Structure and PV Screw fixation of longitudinal

beams PV-004 Structure and PV

Fixing cable in the upper path PV-012 PV Modules Installation of roof PV-002 Structure and PV

Performance connections between modules PV-012 PV

Execution of connection to ground PV-031 PV

Electrical tests Insulation resistance PV Executing the cable path in

the technical room PV-013 PV

Connecting modules to inverter PV-013 PV

Connecting inverter to overload protection PV-021 PV and EL

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d. Photovoltaic system monitoring

The system will include meters that indicate exactly what is being produced, constantly monitoring and recording the energy generated.

As we aim to maximize the productive capacity of the photovoltaic system, we need to make, from time to time, a test of the system productive capacity (i.e. on a yearly basis).

The system must run smoothly at all times. If system output is reduced due to module shading, or public electric grid faults go unnoticed over longer periods, substantial loss of profit can occur. Continuous system monitoring entails not only staying up to date on the amount of solar power being produced, but being able to react quickly to changes and problems.

SMA system monitoring also provides many solutions to installers. In the event of a problem, installers have quick and, with Sunny Portal, mobile remote access to system data. This information allows contractors to draw conclusions about a specific event and troubleshoot problems remotely. This can sometimes save on the need for long distance

service visits. SMA monitoring products are also useful for system maintenance and configuration. With Sunny Explorer, for example, you can access an inverter with a laptop equipped with a Bluetooth interface.

SUNNY WEBBOX represents a system monitoring, data storage and visualization device via BLUETOOTH ir RS485, remote diagnosis. In case of the event “Error”, the Web Box informs you immediately by e-mail or text message. It also includes free access to Sunny Portal to visualize automatically data from all over the world and with any pc with internet access.


Figure 15 – Sunny WEBBOX


Figure 16 – PV System Communication infrastructure

Instant performance can be measured when the system is considered:• Celltemperature(Dependingontheoutdoortemperature,wind,irradiance)• Irradiance• Thelevelofdirt• Thecellsdefects• Inverterperformance• Thewirelosses• Depreciationcells

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Instant performance can be measured when the system is considered:

• Celltemperature(Dependingontheoutdoor temperature, wind, irradiance)

• Irradiance• Thelevelofdirt• Thecellsdefects• Inverterperformance• Thewirelosses• Depreciationcells

• Afterthatwecancomparethevaluerecorded with the value read from inverter or wireless device, shown in the picture below.

• Ifthereisgreaterthan10%differencebetween values at the same irradiance, modules must be cleaned quickly.

• Ifthedifferencepersistswillfollowotherdefects identification operations and maintenance

Figure 17. Monitoring system for the irradiation (example)

Figure 18. Wireless Technology


4. Maintenance

One of the most important benefits of the photovoltaic modules is that the maintenance is very cheap. A simple process of wiping, brushing, or spraying the module with water should suffice.

One of the main tasks regarding the maintenance of the photovoltaic modules is keeping them clean. Things like pollen, dirt, dust, leaves, and other debris can collect on the surface of your module, providing low performance. Dirty modules reduce the system’s power output.

A steady ladder is needed for this operation to be

able to do a thorough cleaning.For the rest of the external factors (wind, rain, etc.),

the modules are fully tested. It’s recommended that once every 6 months, the inhabitant of the PRISPA house should check the PV Mounting structure and also to verify often the electricity production on each string to be sure that the PV system works at high efficiency.

The electrical part is also essential. To make maintenance easier, keep spare fuses, circuit breakers, and connector screws in the panel box or control box. This way, if one of those parts needs to be replaced during an inspection, you can replace it right away, minimizing the system’s downtime. Maintenance forms in the control box are included. This way we can quickly assess maintenance that has been done in the past, as well as tasks that might need to be done now.

To minimize the hazards the following precautions should be taken when undertaking any maintenance:

• Followallrecommendationsprovidedintheequipment manuals;

• Useaqualifiedservicetechnician.

a. Cleaning

The most common maintenance task for photovoltaic modules is the cleaning of the glass area to remove excessive dirt. In most situations cleaning is only necessary during long dry periods when there is no rain to provide natural cleaning. Modules must not be covered by snow or ice for a longer period. Only remove snow and ice without exerting force (e.g. with a broom).

Proceed as follows to remove dirt from the top of the module:

1. Rinse coarse dirt (dust, leaves, etc.) from the module with lukewarm water.

2. Moisten stubborn stains and remove them carefully.

Use lukewarm water and a soft cloth or sponge. Don’t put the modules under water. Washing the modules is similar to washing glass windows but detergents should not be used. The modules will be cleaned when they are not excessively hot, typically early in the morning.

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After the modules have been cleaned, a visual inspection of the modules is done to check for defects such as cracks, chips and discoloration. If any obvious defects are found, it will be noted their location in the system logbook, so these can be monitored in the future in case further deterioration affects the modules’ output.

Maintenance is done stepping on the central area. From this point, modules can be washed.

More details regarding the safety measures are found in the Health and Safety chapter of this manual.

Figure 19. Easy access to the roof


Figure 20. The thermography device

Figure 25. Voltage test indicator

Figure 24. Current measurement device produced by each string

Figure 23. Mega-ohmmeter (1000 V) for measuring insulation resistance

Figure 21. The short-circuited cells Figure 22. The imperfect contacts

b. Photovoltaic module inspections Thermography is a simple method to

detect defaults in the photovoltaic modules. The checking of the installation is developed in a rapid and visual form. It saves time, as it identifies directly the problematic module without having to do complex checks in the different strings.

The usual defects:• Framedefects-> Moving modules• Glassdefects-> Water infiltration ->

Decreased insulation resistance• Connectionboxdefects-> Heating point

-> Decreased insulation resistance -> Circuit interruption

• Cable&connectordefects-> Heating point -> Decreased insulation resistance

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c. Inverter inspections

The inverter will be installed in a clean, dry, and ventilated area.

While the system is operating, the following operational checks are be made:

• Checkthattheinverterisfunctioningcorrectly by observing LED indicators, metering and/or other displays on the inverter;

• Checkiftheinverter’sstand-bymode(if present) is functioning correctly. This is done by turning off all loads and appliances operating on the system. Once in standby mode, switch an appliance on and the inverter should start almost immediately.

Correctly installed switchboards and wiring should not require maintenance. During the installation of the systems, all existing wiring and switchboards are will be checked. As part of the system inspection, the switchboards and visible wiring can be visually inspected for signs of corrosion and/or burning.

All safety switches, residual current devices (RCDs, RCBOs) which detect current leakage to earth will be tested by pressing the test button provided.


5.2.6 Electrical energy simulations The simulation of PV systems represents a complex

calculation with a huge range of input parameters. As fine variations in those inputs can lead to coarse differences of the results, it is necessary to estimate those figures as exactly as possible.

For the assessment of electricity generation of the photovoltaic system, we used Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS), PVSyst, RETScreen, Microsoft Excel.

For complete information about simulations and results, see Annex 5.2.5 PV5 and Annex 5.2.5 PV6.

Comparison simulation for Energy Production of the PV System betweenMADRID - BUCHAREST

Figure 26. Spain global irradiation map Figure 27. Romania global irradiation map

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Energy production / year - Madrid

Figure 28. Average normalized productions (per installed kWp) - Madrid

Figure 29. Annual PV System Losses – Madrid

The graph shows the average production of electricity of each month during a year, per installed kWp. An average produced useful energy per day would be 30.4 kWh/day.


Energy production / year - Bucharest

Figure 31. Average normalized productions (per installed kWp) - Bucharest

Figure 32. Annual PV System Losses – Bucharest

The graph above shows the average production of electricity of each month during a year, per installed kWp. An average produced useful energy per day would be 26 kWh/day.

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6. Economical analysis

System DataPV Output: 8.00 kWpSystem Operating Start: 01-Jan-12

Electricity Feed-inGrid Concept: Full Feed-inEnergy injected into grid: 11.1 MWh/aFor the First 20 Years: 0.3400 €/kWhGreen certificates: 6 per MWhGreen certificate value: 40 €

Basic Economic Efficiency ParametersAssessment Period: 20 Years

Income and expenditureInvestments: 17,800.00 €Operating Costs: 150.00 €/a

Feed-in Payment Received w/ Green Certificates*: 5510 €/aFeed-in Payment Received w/o Green Certificates: 3770 €/a* A 5-year period of Green Certificates being awarded was considered.

Results According to Net Present Value MethodNet Present Value: 67,950.00 €Payback Period: 3.1 Years

Figure 33. Investment payback time


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7. Photovoltaic system design – Summary

712.312 Types of distribution system

• TT712.312.2 Types of earthing system

• DCsidehasacommonearthingnetworkwith electrical part of the house.

712.4 Protection for safety

712.41 Protection against electric shock

712.411 Protection against direct and indirect contact

• Protectionbygrounding• Warninglabels• Cableswillbeinstalledinamanner

that no direct contact is possible. The connection to PV modules will be realized with standard MC-plugs. The junction box is locked and thus prevents the direct contact

712.413 Fault protection

• Automaticbuilt-inDC-disconnectontheinverter

• Fuses–DCside,10Arated,1000VDC,gPV

• DCdisconnectswitchinDCProtectionPanel

• Residualcurrentcircuitbreaker(30mA/40A) – AC side

• Miniaturecircuitbreaker(40A)–ACside

712.433 Protection against overload on the DC side

• DCSurgeprotectionDevice–DCside,15kA rated, 1000VDC

712.434 Protection against short-circuit currents

• Miniaturecircuitbreaker(MCB),40Arated, tripping characteristic B

712.444 Protection against electromagnetic interference in buildings

• Minimizedconductlooparea.Thezinkroof cover offers a better insulation against electromagnetic interference.

712.5 Selection and erection of electrical equipment

712.511 Compliance with standards

• IEC61646andIEC61730certified

712.512 Operational conditions and external influences

• MaxPVvoltage:641V<MaxDCvoltage Inverter : 700 V

712.513 Accessibility

• Inverterandotheroperatingdevicesarefreely accessible in the technical services room.

712.52 Wiring systems

712.522 Selection and erection in relation to external influences

• 4mm2TYCOsolarcablewithwaterproofDC-rated quick-connect terminals

712.53 Isolation, switching and control

712.536 Isolation and switching

• InverterprovidesDCdisconnectswitch(ESS)

• InverterprovidesRCDmonitoring• Warninglabelswillbeinstalledoneach

junction boxes712.54 Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective bonding conductors

• Themetalicstructure,inverterandDCsurge protection device are connected to ground common with the electrical energy distribution of the house.


In order to accomplish the assessment of electricity generation from the photovoltaic system, we used Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS), PVSyst, RETScreen and PVSol.

5.2.6 Electrical balance simulation

Energy Production of the PV System SPAIN – MADRID

The Graph shows the difference on global irradiance on different weather namely: sunny day with clear sky; real sky means sun and clouds; diffuse irradiance due to rainy/cloudy day, in Madrid.

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Hourly electricity production in a sunny summer dayEnergy injected into grid: 49.34 kWh/day

Hourly electricity production in a sunny summer dayEnergy injected into grid: 49.34 kWh/day


Total electricity production per month in one year:- energy produced in one year by the PV system is 11594 kWh

Annual energy consumption Madrid- annual energy consumption for Madrid is 6227 kWh.

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Madrid - Annual Consumption vs Production

The table illustrates the energy surplus or deficit during the month for the entire house.Red - DeficitGreen - Surplus

Madrid Surplus/Deficit: January 201.01 [kWh]February 243.35 [kWh]March 693.53 [kWh]April 666.10 [kWh]May 864.33 [kWh]June 784.62 [kWh]July 687.38 [kWh]August 623.73 [kWh]September 572.48 [kWh]October 474.84 [kWh]November 177.25 [kWh]December 22.05 [kWh]


The following chart shows the relative yearly energy consumption for Madrid.

The conclusion for this survey is that the annual energy surplus produced for Madrid is 5158.02 kWh, representing 44.48 % more energy produced than consumed.

Annex 5.2.6 Energy Consumption Calculations Madrid, Bucharest, Contest Weeks

Please see Annex 5.2.5 PV5 Energy Production Simulation Madrid

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Energy Production of the PV System ROMANIA – Bucharest

The Graph shows the difference on global irradiance on different weather namely: sunny day with clear sky; real sky means sun and clouds; diffuse irradiance due to rainy/cloudy day, in Bucharest.

Looking at the Graph we can see that the average Global Irradiance for Bucharest is 1500 kWh/year.


Hourly electricity production in a sunny summer day:Energy injected into grid: 56.21 kWh/day

Hourly electricity production in a cloudy winter day :Energy injected into grid: 1.2 kWh/day

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Total electricity production per month in one year:- The energy produced in one year by the PV system is – 9501 kWh

Annual energy consumption Bucharest:- total annual energy consumption for Bucharest is 7349 kWh.


Bucharest - Annual Consumption vs Production

The table to the left illustrates the energy surplus or deficit during the month for the entire house.Red- DeficitGreen-Surplus

Bucharest Surplus/Deficit: January -537.28 [kWh]February -229.31 [kWh]March 204.33 [kWh]April 574.47 [kWh]May 645.69 [kWh]June 678.17 [kWh]July 654.67 [kWh]August 617.71 [kWh]September 481.81 [kWh]October 300.50 [kWh]November -94.16 [kWh]December -451.03 [kWh]

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The following chart shows the relative yearly energy consumption for Bucharest.

The conclusion for this survey is that the annual energy surplus produced for Bucharest is 1992.89 kWh, representing 20.97 % more energy produced than consumed. This means that the house in Romania is self-sustainable during an entire year.


Please see Annex 5.2.5 PV6 Energy Production Simulation Bucharest


MADRID Contest Weeks

According to the simulation, during the contest there will be a total energy production of 13.97 kWh in the cloudiest day and a total of 41.6 kWh in the sunniest day summing up to a total of 549.34 kWh at the end of the contest weeks.

The total energy consumption for the contest weeks is 202.834 kWh.

The conclusion for this survey is that the energy surplus produced for Madrid during the contest is 346.506 kWh, representing 170.83 % more energy produced than consumed.


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The solar thermal system produces heat, to be used by the hot water accumulator tank, using the following components:

• 2flatsurfacesolarpanelswithasurfaceof 2 mηη each;

• Circulationunit;• Insulatedpipelinethatconnectsthesolar

panels to the solar module;Flat solar panels will be used because of

the good price to performance ratio.The system:o Is equiped with an accumulator tank that

incorporates a water to water coil for the solar circuit and an electric heater to be used as auxiliary energy source

o Is equipped with a circulation pump that creates a flow in the solar circuit in order to transport heat from the solar panels to the accumulator tank .

o Is fully automated to control the storage temperature in the accumulator tank.

o Is equipped with an anti-scalding 3-way valve to limit the hot water temperature and avoid injuries.

o All the equipment is insulated to minimize heat loss.

5.2.7 SOLAR THERMAL DESIGN

Because the solar heating system can be exposed to negative temperatures when used in Romania, antifreeze fluids will be used as heat transfer agents. PRISPA recommends using a mixture of ethylene glycol(EG) and water, at a concentration suitable to climatic data of the location, in accordance to the following:

Table nr.1 – Choosing the correct ethylene glycol concentration

Weight Percent EG (%)

Freezing Point (°C)

0 0 10 -4 20 -7 30 -15


The disadvantage of EG derive from lesser specific heat capacity and higher acquisition costs.Heat collected by the solar panels is then transferred via a water-water coil in the accumulator tank,

whereitisstoredatatemperatureof70°Castoeliminatelegionellarisks,inaccordancetoRomanianandEU laws, and in the same time to store more heat at the same capacity of the tank.

Shading systemFor safety and better functioning, a sun shading system for the

collectors is used to prevent overheating during hydraulic stagnation, when fluid temperatures tend to raise above normal operating levels, i.e. vacations or extended sun exposure with no consumption.

The shading system is self-automated in order to shield the solar

panels whenever the heat transfer agents temperature reaches dangerous temperatures.

Constructive information about the shading system is presented in Drawing SW-003

Primary circuit filling The solar circulation group is equiped with a filling valve. Thusly filling the primary circuit with a is

done by connecting the filling pump to the filling valve. A hand-action pump or a electrical pump may be used for this operation

Primary circuit drain Draining of the primary circuit is done through the two draining valves of the system presented in

drawings SW-01 and SW-02. Draining should be done opening the draining valve included in the solar circulation group and then opening the valve attached to the

lower solar collector. A sewage collector is placed under the circulation group in order to direct fluid drained or eventual spills released by the pressure valve to the plumbing system

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Calculation and estimates:Based on climatic data and water consumption

estimates for both use in Romania and use durring SDE event, the following equipment has been sized:

• 2solarpanelswitha2m22 surface;• 200Laccumulatortank;Full calculations are presented in Anex 5.2.7

SW-1.

Hydraulic calculationsThe calculation is based on the following

scheme that indicates the lines that form the primary circuit. Secondary circuit lines have been calculated previously in Annex 5.2.3 PL-1.

q – flow (kg/h)v – fluid velocity (m/s)lechX=1 – equivalent length of specific local

healdoss (X=1) (m)

Line q l OD v R lechX=1 X lech R(l + lech) Kg/h m mm m/s Pa/m m - m Pa1 72 2 15 0.15 33 0.37 4.1 1.5 149.912 144 8 15 0.3 110 0.44 5.9 2.6 1912.315Total 2062.22

Circuit headloss = 4124.45 (Pa) = 0.41 mCW

Based on the results a solar pump can be chosen with the calculated flow (2.41 l/min) and height (0.41 mWC).

The datasheet may be found in the 13. Construction Specifications > 03 System Installations > 05 solar systems - photovoltaic and thermal > Solar

Pipes used in the solar circuit are Copper 15 x 1 mm with solar insulation flexible

tubes, 13mm thick


Auxiliary source The auxiliary source operates when heat provided by the solar circuit is not sufficient to obtain

the desired hot water temperature. Due to SDE regulations and limited options the auxiliary source is an electrical heater installed directly into the accumulator tank. In order to obtain the desired energy ballance, the thermal system uses a 2 kW electric heater as an auxiliary source durring Madrid use. For use in Romania, a larger auxiliary source is recomended to be used, to comply with calculated values in the Annex 5.2.7 SW

The solar thermal system components are presented in drawings SW-003 and SW-004 and datasheets are found in 13. Construction Specifications > 03 System Installations > 05 solar systems - photovoltaic and thermal > Solar

Simulations

Using the Sunerg Polysun 4 application shows that the solar thermal design works at an annual 71% energy coverage, when used in Romania. Please find simulation in „Annex 5.2.7 BUC Solar Thermal Simulation”.

The application also reveals that when used in Madrid the system deliveres 79.5% of the energy required. Please find simulation in „Annex 5.2.7 Madrid Solar Thermal Simulation”.

Cost

No. Product Quantity Price Total Price[-] [-] [-] [€] [€]1. H1T - Solar collector 2 225.4 50.802. BOX200 - Accumulator tank 1 392.50 392.503. TENDAEVO1 - Shading system 2 286.65 573.304. CENTENDA4 – Shading system automation 1 83.80 83.805. SINGOLO - Circulation group 1 149.90 149.906. DIGI-X3 - System automation 1 127.90 127.907. RAC - Pipe fitting kit 1 26.46 26.468. So RAC+1 - Pipe fitting kit 1 4.85 4.859. LT12 – Expansion vessel 1 17.64 17.6410. HERE20 - Electric resistance 1 17.64 17.6412. TEL1 - Solar collector support 2 30.87 61.74 Total 1906.53

Mentainance The components of the system are fitted with isolation valves and hollender connecters, so they are

replaceable. It is recomended that the solar panels be washed with a garden hose once 1-2 months to remove dust and particles that may cover the absorbant surface

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Photovoltaic panels and solar panels are integrated into the roof system. The PV panels are also the only ones that are expressed sincere in exterior architecture and constrain the volume of the solar house. Also, their efficiency is the justification for the roof angle (20o) and the south orientation.

Fig 1 Ddetermination of losses for the contest period

Fig. 2. Reduce losses by tilting to 20 degrees

If the annual energy efficiency angle of inclination is 31 degrees, during the contest losses are 2.3%

5.2.8 Building Integrated Solar Active Systems


The challenge

Finding a system for mounting on the roof of 32 photovoltaic panels with the following conditions:

To be able to mount and dismount multiple times without:• Deterioratewaterproofing• Affecttheroofstructure

Other conditions for mounting system: • Nottobecomeobstacleforsnowandice• Toensureagoodfixationagainstwinds• Donotdeformtheroofstructurebyweightphotovoltaicpanels• ToassureadistancebetweenroofcoverandPVforventilation

The solution:

The explanations:

1- PV mounting system is enabling to apply after performing waterproofing.

2- Cornier: - provide clamp system. In these

situations is possible to change the PV panel positions.

3- Slat: - support of closing the roof cover - assure against water ingress - the fixing power with cornier

fixing screw is better - provide a good distance between

roof cover and PV panels

Fig.3 Detail in section about mounting system

Fig. 4 Detail about mounting system and structure

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The color

The cable penetration

The cables enter the house in the technical room over the place where the inverter is fixed

plate roofcovering

Panels

clamp system

structural panels

logitudinal beam

screw

cable entry pipePVC

cables

logitudinal beam


5.3.1. Technical Project Summary1. Project Dimensions

5.3 Energy Efficiency Design Narrative

Built Area = 107.40 sqmBuilt Area Split Level = 23.15 sqmTotal Gross Area = 130.55 sqmUsable Area Ground Floor = 60.55 sqmUsable Area Split Level = 17.05 sqmTotal Usable Area = 77.60 sqm

Gross Volume 389.66 m3Conditioned Volume 240.56 m3

2. House envelope

Insulation types and thickness: Mineral Wool Insulation, 0.24 m

Walls area and Thermal Transmittance: North wall: 37.46 m2, 0.157 W/m2 KSouth wall: 27.81 m2, 0.152 W/m2 KEast wall: 26.5 m2, 0.154 W/m2 KWest wall: 26.5 m2, 0.154 W/m2 KFloor area and Thermal Transmittance:

59.3 m2, 0.142 W/ m2.KRoof area and Thermal Transmittance:

52.45 m2, 0.171 W/ m2.KGlazed area 16.6 m2Thermal Transmittance 0.0.805 W/ m2.KGlazing Solar gain 0.4 SHGC

3. HVAC Systems

Heating system:

Primary: External unit: Samsung RJ052F3HXEA 5.2

kWInternal units:• SamsungAQV09PSBN,Heatingcapacity:

3.3 kW for the Living Room and Kitchen.• SamsungAQV09PSBN,Heatingcapacity:

3.3 kW for the Bedroom.Secondary:

• Infraredradiantpanels:2x1.800Wunitsin the Living room, 1x400 W unit in the Bedroom and 1x1.800 W unit in the Office space and 1x400 W unit in the Bathroom.

Heating capacity: 3.6 kW for Living room, 2.2 kW for Bedroom, 0.4 kW for Bathroom

The primary heating system is able to function at minimum -15 ºC , but for energy efficiency and comfort conditions reasons it will stop functioning at -5 ºC and the secondary system will kick in. This is necessary in order to assure comfort during the more extreme winter temperatures (lower than -15 ºC )

Cooling system:External unit: Samsung RJ052F3HXEA 5.2

kW, COP=4.5 Internal units:• SamsungAQV09PSBN,Cooling

capacity:2.5 kW for the Living and Kitchen.

• SamsungAQV09PSBN,Coolingcapacity:2.5 kW for the Bedroom and Bureau.

Refrigerant: R-410A

Heat Recovery Ventilation:WOLF CWL-400 comfort domestic

ventilation systemMax. Air volume flow m3/h : 400Power consumption: 20 to 150 WMax. Efficiency: 95%

4. Domestic Hot Water

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5. Electrical Energy Production

PV Modules : Sunerg XM60/156-250 Type: Si-Mono; PV panels area: 55 m2

Installed PV power: 8000 WEstimated energy production:• 11594MadridkWh/year,• 9501BucharestkWh/year

6. Energy Consumption

Estimated energy consumption:• Bucharest:7349kWh/year• Madrid:6277kWh/yearEstimated electrical consumption per conditioned: • Bucharest:40.1kWh/yearm2• Madrid:22.238kWh/yearm2

7. Energy Balance

Estimated energy balance:• Bucharest:+2151kWh/year• Madrid:+5316kWh/yearEstimated CO2 reduction: 2.5 Tn/yearList of Singular and Innovative materials and systems:

Please see chapter “5.6 Innovation report”.


5.3.2 Appliances Report

1. Electric Stove: Electrolux stove, 4 cooking zones: 2x1800/2800W(quick heating)/180mm, 2300/3700W(quick heating)/210mm and 1400/2500W(quick heating)/140mm. Total power: 7.4 kW.

3. Dishwasher: Electrolux dishwasher, Water Consumption: 16 L, Energy Consumption: 1.08kWh

2. Oven: Electrolux Independent electrical oven, Capacity: 60L, Total power: 3.07 kW

4. Clotheswasher: Electrolux Clotheswasher, Capacity: 7kg, Energy Consumption: 1.02 kWh

For the full specs of the appliances please see Chapter 13.Construction Specifications > 02 Architecture > 05 Appliances

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5. Clothesdryer: Electrolux clothesdryer, Capacity: 7kg, Energy consumption: 3.92 kWh

7. Coffeemaker: Electrolux Coffeemaker, Power: 1080 W, Capacity: 10/15 cups of coffee

6. Toaster: Electrolux Toaster, Power: 860W


8. Freezer + Fridge : Electrolux, Freezer capacity: 92 l, Fridge capacity: 245 l, Annual consumption : 235 kWh, freezing capacity 4 kg/24h

9. Exhaust Hood: Electrolux Hood, Exhaust capacity: 520 m3/h, Maximum pressure 360 Pa

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Section I

1. IntroductionThe objective of energy analysis and simulations for the PV

system, HVAC and DHW is to determine the whole energy needed for PRISPA house, the cooling and heating peak load, the production of energy using different PV systems and a precise dimensioning for all mechanical and electrical systems.

Methodology:-Romanian methodology for energy performance in buildings: Mc

001/2007, C107, NP 048, SR1907,I5/2010-TrnBuild and TrnSys16 Studio: building thermal requirements and

comfort conditions simulation-TrnSys16 Studio: Solar panels studies -PVGIS: photovoltaic system

Climate study: BucharestBucharest has a continental climate, characterized by hot dry

summers and cold winters. Due to its position on the Romanian Plain, the city’s winters can get windy, even though some of the winds are mitigated due to urbanization. Winter temperatures are often below 0°C(32°F),eventhoughtheyrarelydropbelow−10°C(14°F).Insummer,theaveragetemperatureisapproximately23°C(73°F)(the average for July and August), despite the fact that temperatures sometimesreach35°C(95°F)to40°C(104°F)inmid-summerinthe city centre. Although average precipitation and humidity during summer is low, there are infrequent yet heavy and often violent storms. Duringspringandautumn,temperaturesvarybetween18°C(64°F)to22°C(72°F)andprecipitationduringthistimetendstobehigherthanin summer, with more frequent yet milder periods of rain.

5.3.3 Comprehensive Energy Analysis and Discussion Report


Figure: Yearly sum of global irradiation on a horizontal surface-Romania1

The average temperature in Bucharest, Romaniais11.5°C(53°F).Theaveragetemperaturerangeis26.5°C.Thehighestmonthlyaveragehightemperatureis30°C(86°F)inJuly&August.Thelowestmonthlyaveragelowtemperatureis-6°C(21°F)inJanuary.

Bucharest’s climate receives an average of 579 mm (22.8 in) of rainfall per year, or 48 mm (1.9 in) per month. On average there are 117 days per year with more than 0.1 mm (0.004 in) of rainfall (precipitation) or 10 days with a quantity of rain, sleet, snow etc. per month. The driest weather is in September when an average of 30 mm (1.2 in) of rainfall (precipitation) occurs across 6 days.

The wettest weather is in June when an average of 87 mm (3.4 in) of rainfall (precipitation) occurs across 17 days. The average annual relative humidity is 70.4% and average monthly relative humidity ranges from 57% in August to 87% in December.

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Average sunlight hours in Bucharest range between 2.2 hours per day in January and 10.5 hours per day in July. There is an average of 2228 hours of sunlight per year with an average of 6.1 hours of sunlight per day.

The most polluted area of Bucharest is around the center of the city, but also in the South-West and East, mainly because of the high level of road traffic and industry sources that is in these areas.

Team Energy Strategy:

• “Energycontrol”• Beingawareoftheproductionand

consumption of energy every moment. • Lowmaintenancesystems,reliablein

time.


2. House envelopeInsulation types and thickness: Mineral Wool

Insulation, 0.24 mWalls area and Thermal Transmittance: North wall: 37.46 m2, 0.157 W/m2 KSouth wall: 27.81 m2, 0.152 W/m2 KEast wall: 26.5 m2, 0.154 W/m2 KWest wall: 26.5 m2, 0.154 W/m2 KFloor area and Thermal Transmittance: 59.3 m2, 0.142

W/ m2.KRoof area and Thermal Transmittance: 52.45 m2, 0.171

W/ m2.KGlazed area 16.6 m2Thermal Transmittance 0.0.805 W/ m2.KGlazing Solar gain 0.5 SHGC

3. House and HVAC

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For detailed calculations please see Annex 5.3 HVAC Calculations


For detailed calculations please see Annex 5.3 HVAC Calculations

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4. Results

Madrid: The energy load resulted is 22.23 kWh/m2 per year (351 kWh/year for heating, and 983. kWh/year for cooling).

Bucharest: The energy load resulted is 40.107 kWh/m2 per year (1650.46 kWh/year for heating , and 756 kWh/year for cooling).

The model was done for both Madrid and Bucharest.

Based on the simulations we opted for the following HVAC system: Air/Air heat pump with 2 indoor units with 1 external unit, and a ventilation system with heat recovery.

According to our estimations the total energy consumption

of the HVAC system is:For Madrid is 1334.33 kWh/yearFor Bucharest is 2406.46 kWh/yearFor the contest weeks is 104.4 kWh


Section II

After all our simulations we have managed to reduce the annual HVAC system consumption during the worst case scenario (Bucharest) from 2594kWh/year to 2406 kWh/year. The important energy consumption reduction is done during the summer (cooling season) from 944kWh/year to 756 kWh/year.

We switched from natural wool to mineral wool for the following reasons:

• Lowertransfercoefficient: λwool =0.04 w/m2K , λmineral wool=0.036 w/m2K. This lead to lower heat losses during the winter, and lower heat gains from the exterior during the summer.

• Lowercosts.• Betterfireresistance.We also switched from double glazed

windows to triple glazed. Udouble glazed=1.27 w/m2K, and

Utripleglazed=0.804 w/m2K. This also leads to lower heat losses during the winter, and lower heat gains from the exterior during the summer. We are also opting for shutters in order to diminish the heat gains from the direct sunlight, when applying passive strategies.

As a main passive strategy we are using the ventilation system with heat recovery, which combined with the window shutters significantly diminish the gains and assures a clean indoor air, managing to keep the indoor comfort conditions parameters.

In order to further reduce the power variation of the heating infra-red panels we are using a 1m wide and 5 cm thick stone strip near the south glazing area, as thermal mass, for maximizing solar gains during winter. This reduces the overall consumption, and makes for a more uniform radiation field countering the effects of the cold-radiation from the South glazed surfaces. Also, the internal walls have clay finishing on them which makes for a uniform radiation dispersion field. (No cold radiation effect)

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Strategy Overview

5.4 Communications Plan

PRISPA house aims to be a sustainable alternative to contemporary living, focusing on the revival of the rural lifestyle and bringing out the traditional Romanian charm. It’s a pilot project directed towards the man that shows interest in all aspects of sustainability, the man that misses the countryside and that handful of people who still linger there, but never quite make the most of it. Our purpose, on the long run, is to generate a shift in the general mentality towards embracing other sets of values.

In a few key words, PRISPA is:

AFFORDABLE -a project designed to allow the development of a fully equipped industrialized version that would not exceed 70 000 Euros, the limit set by “Prima Casa” (“First Home” governmental program).

COMFORTABLE - PRISPA is a house all Romanians can relate to, displaying contemporary high-tech living standards without being menacing. These standards are set according to both legalized European standards of living and Romanian psychological thresholds. The house provides complexity hidden behind simplicity in concept and design.

EASY TO BUILD - PRISPA is making great use of prefabricated elements, structural simplicity and technology so as to be built with the minimum amount of effort.

ADAPTABLE - using reconfigurable features in the living space and a modular structure that allows extensions or easy to make changes in design without losing the general idea of the project.

CONTEXT WISE - by means of design, functions, finishing, independence in use and all of the above.


Our communication plan focuses mainly on generating enough information and experience opportunities to make our target groups hear of our project and catch the idea that sustainable living and solar energy are not a thing of the future anymore.

Moreover, we want to promote PRISPA as a team of young professionals who have their own education and overall change as goals. People should hear a feasible, revolutionary, but romanticized story. It’s just like the Olympics. We’re capable, we proudly represent our country, we’ve been working hard, we’ve had our share of sacrifices, but we always know what we’re doing and we aim for the gold. Feet on the ground, add some drama, go for the win!

The above message suits sponsors as well, with the added business opportunities. Academia should, however, get only the clear message that we’re students trying to learn and apply some self-educating tactics that we’ve not yet found in our school system, that we could be missionaries of change, testing educational instruments.

All in all, our communication has to be fresh, young, smart, well-documented, reliable and personal!

A little analysis to set a context

On the whole, the challenge is clear – build and promote a solar house, but in order to create a strategy we first had to underline some general tendencies, problems or gaps that might affect our endeavor. So let’s make the lap of honor:

• Peoplearereluctanttochange.Theyreactpositivelyonpaper,butit’shardtomakedecisions.

• Theyreactbettertotangiblethings,thanprojects.• Thegeneralopinionaboutstudentsisdividedinthosewhothinktheyarelazyandthose

who consider they are the best professionals on the market because they have enthusiasm.• Romanianshavesmallincomesandgettingloanshasproventobedifficult.Theones

that do benefit of a generous income tend to exaggerate. • Heavilymarkedbycommunisthousingplans,thegeneralvisionisthatanewhome

should compensate by space, even if it’s unused. • Thelivingspacesarefrequentlydefinedbyphysicalbarriers.Itwouldappearthatwe

like fences and we created a new aesthetics of security shapes around all type of constructions. We imposed on ourselves a new logic of surveillance and distance.

• Some50yearsago,Romanianshavebeenforcedtoleavetheircountrysidedwellingsand live in small urban apartments.

• Romaniahasnowover4000villageswithhouseholdsthathaveanaveragesurfaceof1500 sqm, in which almost 1000 sqm are used for different crops and approximately 500 sqm are occupy with the main building and its many appendixes.

• Eachruralhouseholdcatersitselfasfaraswatersupplyisconcerned,thesolutionconsisting mainly in dug wells.

• Thesehouseholdsusuallyshelterasinglefamily• Mostadultsinthesefamiliesdonothavestablejobs.Intime,consideringthefinancial

crisis which took over the entire European work market, this leads to acute poverty. Secure monthly paychecks consist solely of childcare allowances and/or social assistance granted by the state.

• Romanianpeasantspracticesubsistenceagriculture,onlytomeettheirfamilies’needs.When they do cultivate more, the selling prices are unreasonably high, compared to similar imported products.

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• Villagesarelefttoperish,solivingthereisassociatedwithpovertyandlackofcomfort.They are discredited as outdated and redundant. Hence, people are afraid to leave the urban areas.

• However,thereareadministrativestructuresinRomania’svillagesthathavecomeupwith effective policies to support and encourage the recovery and sustainable use of the natural potential.

• Romaniansarestilllongingforthevegetablegardentheyhadwhentheywerelittleandexperience some sort of national pride when they manage to get their hands on organic food and beverage (self-grown tomatoes, fruit, “țuica”, wine, honey).

• Thecountrysidesceneryisassociatedwithpeace,freedomandhealth.• Theuseofalternativeenergyseemsfictionalandexpensive,Romaniahavingalmostno

solar energy production.• Romaniansdon’ttrustalternativeenergyuse.• Sincethereisalmostnorequestforsolarandphotovoltaictechnologyonthemarket,it

tends to be quite expensive.• Sustainablestrategieshavelittleinfluenceontherealestatemarket.• The“greenrevolution”isemergingmostlyinthestudentmedium,whilechildrenare

mostly shown consumerist examples. The others are not willing to make significant changes. • Romaniansgotsousedwithconcreteandmasonrywalls,thattheydiscreditorsimply

don’t trust wood structures anymore.• Loansaregettingmoredifficulttoobtain,butgovernmentalprogramssuchas“Prima

Casa” (“First House”) are still a preferred solution for young people. • From2010to2011,theenergyindustryregisteredagrowthof2,3%.Peoplearewillingto

pay more on comfort.• Inlightofthedecreaseofthedurablegoodsmarket(-5,5%from2010to2011),wecould

infer that people are more open to buying ready-made goods than wait for a new one to be developed.

• Romaniahasoneofthebestinternetconnectionsintheworld.• Traditionalvillagesaresometimesveryclosetomajorcities.

What is underlined above clearly implies that villages undergo a huge management issue combined with a very bad advertising plan. However, there are anchors we could throw in order to start a revival. Romanians love the countryside, but they just need something to convince them that going there is a feasible possibility. They need a tangible solution, not promises. What we need to do is enable trust. Moreover, economically speaking, agriculture has a great potential, we just need to work a little bit on the infrastructure and on re-coagulating rural communities. People are also very curious about solar energy, although their perception is out of tune with reality.

A general conclusion is that PRISPA, with its strategy, fills many gaps and gives answers to a lot of problems and needs. However, this is not always enough so the question is how we communicate PRISPA to the general public so as to make it a viable product that reaches its goals?

Our first answer was to build it and let people experience it. There’s no better way of convincing a reluctant person. Quite a simple strategy with a clear objective, one might say. But weaknesses and threats started to show up, mainly because of the lack of money. So here is where we decided to focus on target groups and divide objectives in order to build up interest and gather resources in a coherent manner.


Communications Objectives or the long list of “how to…”

Long-term objective: to raise awareness on the use of solar energy and sustainable housing, to advertise PRISPA as a pilot project so it remains a cornerstone in this field, to spur the revival of rural communities and traditions and to be acknowledged as an educational instrument by the academic medium.

Divide et impera. A strategy to reach the long-term objective using step-by-step goals.1. Attract sponsors and partners, while starting to progressively build interest of the

general public. 2. Use social media and find a steady group of followers.3. Build trust on every level – sponsors, general public, professionals, media.4. Raise funds.5. Build a house. Make everyone come and see it. Organize events. Advertize a house, not a

project. Advertize a home, not a house. 6. Clearly differentiate messages according to target groups.7. Make the most out of social media. 8. Gather feedback.9. Keep people interested. Make them emotionally attached. 10. A final effort to raise funds.11. Give them feedback. 12. Provide real solutions.

Informational objective: to inform the targeted public about our most relevant achievements in such a manner that every target public receives the information they need; to educate them using specific methods.

Motivational objective: to bring out in the open the advantages of moving back into the countryside, both on a personal and national level.

Targeted objective: to deliver coherent information and materials based on every target group’s needs and interests.

Media objective: to make a shift from specialized media and partnerships to free general media coverage.

Sponsor objective: to build trust, to make them want to invest in the future of this project and to generate a platform where they can meet each other.

Identification of Target Groups

1. Children 4-13 years oldChildren are at that very delicate stage in their lives when they emerge the basis of their

personality, beliefs and mentality. This is usually realized in the home and school medium, through information shared by parents, teachers and social groups. Hence, we do not focus on communicating directly with this target group, but on forwarding the information to people that have a say in their upbringing. The result we hope for is not immediate, but it shall prevail upon reaching an age when their already-formed mentality will enable them to make sustainability-based life decisions.

2. Students 14-25 year oldStudents react to just about any novelty and they have the power to assimilate information

very fast. The fact that a team of students is doing hands-on things going against the general misconception that students are incompetent , is going to motivate them - if not on an action-level, at least on a self-perception level.

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What students should do as a result out of our media strategy is to take on simple things and activities in order to be more environmentally friendly and become more motivated to start projects of their own. They have the power and the knowledge, they just do not fully realise it. PRISPA is trying to make them aware of their capabilities and be a source of inspiration for an eco-friendly lifestyle.

3. Young Professionals 20 to 35 years oldWhen looking for a home, young professionals must face two important criteria: space and

price. Moreover, this category usually wants to be part of the change, therefore they will be delighted to buy a house that provides a different lifestyle than the majority or just voluntarily help or morally support the project. PRISPA can respond both to their necessities (high quality product for a good price) and to their need of making a statement.

However, we mainly target those young professionals who want to live in the countryside (time- distance not being a problem nowadays). Reasons for that are plenty. They could have a rural background or want to try a healthy lifestyle (while having the kind of job that could be easily done at home), or their professional abilities enable them to be extremely useful in the rural environment.

4. Young families 25 to 40 year oldThe same goes for young families, except the fact that they are not as interested in making

a statement, but are more involved in providing good life conditions for their children. So they need a generous flexible space for a good price, a healthy and safe environment for their children and the possibility of having a steady income while still having time for family and social life.

The PRISPA house is a perfect example when it comes to balance between minimum necessary space, contemporary comfort and price. The architectural footprint is about 70 sqm, including all the functions one family needs (living room, dining room, kitchen, bathroom, reading/working space, bedroom, storage space) with the possibility of adding another night module or dividing the existent area depending on their needs. The price is set at about 50 000 euro (the top target set for subsidy programs such as “Prima Casa” is 70 000 euro), so it makes it highly affordable.

5. Families 40 to 60 year oldIn this category, we are targeting those families that have reached professional, economic

and social maturity. They either have a steady, good working place or are close to retirement and their children have moved by themselves or have left home for studies. The general tendency for this target group is to invest in a new home, away from urban chaos, where they go on vacations and eventually move after retirement. Two common scenarios are choosing a place in the countryside,

but still close enough to the city for the ease of transport, or rebuilding on the village proprieties they inherited from their parents.

Our best advantage is that we do not have to convince this group that moving to the countryside is a good option. Most of the individuals in these families were brought up in a rural environment, so they naturally feel comfortable there. These people usually go back to the basic, but not because of lack of money. What they have to acknowledge through our media strategy is that sustainability can be easily acquired through technology that uses alternative energy sources.

6. Individuals or families working temporary abroad 25-50 year old


There is a tendency, in Romania, that people who did not get a well paid job here move temporarily abroad to work. Most of them did not benefit of higher education so they focus their mid-life on saving money to provide for their children’s education back home and to build a house upon their return. Since they usually have a rural background and they do not necessarily look for well- paid jobs when they come back, this group mostly build their new homes on their parents’ properties in the countryside.

What we aim here is to give an example of how modern houses that benefit from all the contemporary comfort should be built in a rural environment. Not having a proper example and seeing for a fact that the homes they were brought-up in do not meet their recently acquired comfort standards, they fail to build effective and well-designed houses that will not only benefit them, but the environment as well.

7. SponsorsSponsors have the power of making our project a reality or not. When they decide to invest,

they usually have in mind the feasibility of the project, similarity in target groups, means of communication and business opportunities. Our aim is to get them involved in a sustainable project and to create a network built on trust so that PRISPA has a fair chance of getting industrialized.

8. AcademiaThis group is mainly interested in our project’s capacity of being a powerful educational

instrument they can adopt or at least give as an example. They are less interested in heart-warming stories or the concepts used, as are attracted to methods or research directions.

9. MediaThis target group is the main catalyst for information flow. They are interested in anything

related to the project, but they also have a low attention span so they could easily ignore what we have to offer.

A separation between specialized and general media must be done, these two having different requirements in the amount or the type of information.

To communicate with our target groups we use different mediums, ranging from new media, guerilla campaigns and events to traditional media (radio, TV, print).

For a better understanding of target groups, let’s see what they thought of the project…

ChildrenHello, my name is Marian. I learn at Voievozi elementary school. I’m a 3rd grade student.

Today PRISPA team came to our class and told us about solar homes. They even let us draw some houses of our own. We then planted trees in the school yard; it was all part of the class - they taught us that being “green”, or “eco” means in fact taking care of our nature. I want to grow up to be able to make part of their team some day. They looked like great fun! (M., 9 years old)

TeenagersI like that they’re doing hands on stuff. It looks serious, but fun at the same time. I’d like

to be in a team like that; I think doing a project like this teaches you a lot about a lot, and you get to meet new people too. I wonder what it would take to start my own team and get into a competition like this. (I. , 17 years old)

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Students It’s pleasant when your work is rewarded formally. If you take part in an extra-curricular

project, chances are your work won’t be formally rewarded in school, not even if it fits your major. PRISPA is different. I work a lot for PRISPA, but the school doesn’t see this work as wasted time. I get grades at the end of the semester. (L. , 23 years)

Young Professionals Their project is completely nuts. I think that’s, in fact, what I like about PRISPA. Their team

looks like it costs an arm and a leg to get going, but they seem to have made it. It’s impressive, really impressive. I think they have a real shot with this little house of theirs - it’s pretty, it’s not very expensive, considering everything you get when buying it. I’d live in it, and I think my friends would, too. (C., 42 years)

Families You’re very bold to do this. It might take a while until you actually manage to see your

prototype industrialized, but it’s worth the try. I’d buy it, but only if you can add extra bedrooms. I want my children to come visit. (O, 52 years old)

AcademiaThe best answer I got when asking what are the plans after PRISPA is “I can hardly wait for the

next one!”. Now that’s extraordinary! (S., 47 years old)

Children “Can this house recharge my toys’ batteries? Because if it can, I want to live here!” (A., 4 years

old)

Teenagers “I came here with my parents because they’ve heard on TV about this house. Not a very fun

thing to do this weekend, I thought. But after seeing you people building this house with your own hands, I started to wonder if it wouldn’t be a good option for me to study civil engineering after high-school. To build something in your twenties, now that’s something! ” (B., 18 years old)

Students “I know someone in your team and decided to come and see what’s it all about. I found it

fascinating and started to come more often and give a helping hand. I never thought that building something with your own hands can be this rewarding. I started to reconsider all the theoretical knowledge the school offers me and I actually have a project idea I want to start next year.”(N., 22 years old)

Professionals “It’s all I ever dreamed of. I’ve always wanted a house with a “prispa”. It has the right balance

between space and comfort and any initial costs in technology are worthwhile because you produce your own energy. I can actually imagine myself living here.”(D., 31 years old)

Families “Our daughter went to study abroad and she married there, so there is no reason for us to stay

in the city, it’s too crowded and noisy. We both miss the garden we had when we were little and we were thinking about moving to the countryside. We hate that everybody builds huge houses nowadays, so this one is perfect for the two of us. It’s comfortable and full of light! And we could have our little nephew come and play in a healthy environment. We love it!” (M. and I., 50 and 52 years old)

SponsorsWe already thought of an industrialization strategy. I really believe in this project, now more

than before. (L., 42 years old)


Message establishment

If we were to resume the message we would like to send to our public, it would probably sound like this: “We don’t sell a house and we don’t sell a solution for that matter. We give you an alternative for your lifestyle, for the rural environment, for a sustainable future. “.

Therefore, we do not want to be seen as a business. We are a team of young people, we are interested in development and in having a good and notable influence on the future. We sincerely want to sell them our house because we believe it generates a proper and healthy lifestyle, while acting as a catalyst for rural revival.

This message has, of course, its fluctuations according to each target group, because we cannot communicate the same with different age groups or different cultural groups. Every group has its needs, so we must send our message in such a way that everyone can relate to it.

All in all, we want to tell our target groups that PRISPA is affordable, ideal for living with your family, ideal for raising children, that it helps them to save money, that is internationally recognized as having European living standards, that it could be an emergent trend and it could generate a healthy lifestyle. All these messages should be carefully distributed and differentiated according to every type of user, so they could identify with our product and strategy.

Children: “You can use the sun to make your house work! It’s fun and cheerful!”Students: “Look at what we’re doing with our own hands! Come on, try it!”Young professionals: “The house has contemporary comfort, it is affordable and you can

equally live and work there. It also promotes sustainability and it has state of the art technology! You can be part of the change!”

Young families: !You can raise your children in a healthy environment! It’s flexible and it can be bought with “Prima Casa” credit loan!”

Families: “PRISPA can provide peace, quiet and a comfortable space where you could live happily ever after!”

People working abroad: “You don’t need a huge house to be happy! You worked a lot, now it’s time to relax.”

Sponsors: “We’re reliable, professional and we can help your business!”Academia:”This project is an educational instrument. It fills the gap between the theory

learnt in school and day-to-day practice.”Media: “We’re the most interesting thing on the market right now. Stay tuned!”

How we present our team is also part of the message we send to the public. We want to be seen as young professionals representing Romania in an international contest, a team of enthusiasts capable of revolutionary changes!

PRISPA Team generic portrait – as it will appear in the media before the assembly…** team_1 (prima poza pagina 137)… after the assembly,**team_2 (a doua poza pag 137) during Madrid…**team_3… and after!**team_4

PRISPA is a multidisciplinary team of almost 45 young professionals, the first Romanian team ever to qualify for the Solar Decathlon Europe competition. Together with 20 other teams from all over the world, PRISPA will design and build a solar house prototype which has to be

130 PRISPA team

assembled in less than 2 weeks and disassembled in 5 days, following both the rules required by SDE and the objectives set by the context we want to build in.

We want to design a home suitable for Romanians, so we considered the effort of building the house at home first mandatory. We made it through. Now you can put down those negative myths about students being utterly disorganized, less competitive and unskilled. It’s time you saw us as professionals introducing change!

This is the image of the team we want you to have and get emotionally attached to.

Actions’ description

Our actions - a storyEfficiency is the key of success, so all our actions had to be part of yet another coherent

strategy. Starting with the establishment of PRISPA Association, we first concentrated our efforts on

finding institutional partners in the academic medium. This meant face to face meetings and presentations in small reunions.

After working on a design and a strategy, we finally had a first set of materials and ideas to present to sponsors. We thus started to participate in every specialized fair connected to our professional area. You name the fair, we were present! This soon proved to be a very good choice provided that this is how we met many of our future sponsors.

In the meantime, having only a general shape of the project, we thought to sell it to people that appreciate smart ideas, so we went for worldwide known events such as TEDxBucharest and PechaKucha. People in love with ideas met people with ideas, so it was a blast and we started to get our fair share of attention among some target groups.

In this stage, media hits mostly consisted in articles in specialized magazines and the occasional announcement that we are a group of young people building a solar house. This was enough for the moment, since attracting media attention without consistency in actions might have been proven fatal. It was not yet the right time to start feeding the monster!

In parallel with a professional endeavor, PRISPA became a cultural action.

Day by day, our project started to better define itself, so it was high time for us to invent some over the top action to communicate with the public targets set by our strategy and to build a better relationship with the media. So we closed ourselves in a house for 5 days, layered the foundations of what this project is this present day and made it public. We then started to build trust – with sponsors, on social media, in the mass-media.

Catering for our sponsors was always a must. Keeping alive their interest and trust meant that we did our best to help their business and not only by advertising. So we gathered them all in an attempt to obtain what was left for the construction of the house and organize a meeting point for them to connect and see how can they collaborate, aside from our project or not.

Remember what we said about inventing an over the top action? Well, we decided to build the house in Romania first. This made use of lots of resources, but it also meant that we finally had the IT-factor. The start of the prefabrication was the start of media coverage. However, after the assembly the number of media hits and web visitors experienced a boost like never before.


It worked like a charm. After all, we had a month of continuous events and people who could actually see/touch/experience us on a 1:1 scale. Beat that!

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“We are stuck in Romania!” was our last and final effort to raise money and awareness. During the disassembly, just a few days before packing our house and sending it to Madrid, we still did not have enough funds to present ourselves in the competition. We thus decided to send a newsletter and announce all our contacts that their efforts and ours could not take a solid form because we lack the means to get to Spain. Call it desperate, but we received our first 10 000 Euros minutes after the e-mail reached their inboxes. What happened next can be seen in the pictures from Villa Solar

With most of our objectives reached, this was still not enough. We had a house and a big gap in the funds for Madrid. So we decided to find an owner by having it auctioned. Unfortunately PRISPA did not find a loving soul that day, but the auction kept the mass-media attentive for days and interested people started to appear. However, our money issue was not close to being solved, so we launched a fun donation page on our website. Meanwhile, we continued hosting events for different target groups and gathering written and oral feedback on site.

We must mention that most of our events were budget free, all the materials used being provided by our sponsors and all the media coverage being free of charge.

We built it sunny side up!Truth is that we assembled a house and it was the best communication strategy we could

ever think of! Having it out there for a whole month, being able to visit it and understand it answered to a lot of questions, made a lot of fans, showed a lot of skeptics that this project is feasible. People fell in love with it and perceived it as a home instead of a simple house. It was exactly what we were aiming for. They understood and we couldn’t get enough of reactions such as “I think I could live here!”.

Come to think of it, building the house in plain site and then leaving it open was just like ignoring all the target group strategies and message establishments. They understood naturally, with just a little guidance, exactly what they were meant to which means that our product speaks for itself. After all, isn’t that the purpose of a good product - to be a marketing strategy in itself?

PRISPA in Villa Solar – the Public Tour

PRISPA. A storyOnce upon a time there was a country of 4000 vibrant villages. These villages held the

country’s charm together. One day, however, things took a turn for the worse. One by one, the villages began to fall apart, because all of those who used to live there became enchanted with the urban mirage, and forgot about their beloved villages.

At the beginning of 2011, we put forward PRISPA home as the contemporary home of the Romanian countryside. By the time we get to build our house in Madrid, we will have become someone’s choice. You are now exploring this choice.

PRISPA. A reasonBefore designing this prototype, we jotted down ideas, like most of you do when you’re

about to make a big decision. We could not make up our minds as to who could buy this home. It turned out our pretty, modular home could be suitable for everyone. As a matter of fact, we went round in circles, trying to delineate between various profiles. We started out with the thought that we would like this home to be adaptable, modern, and then tried to claim some people would not like these traits in their home. Obviously, that was a wrong path to take on.


Do you know anyone who does not want their home to be modern or easily adaptable should the family become larger, or should more friends than usual stay for a fortnight?

In honor of this circular path that lead us to the winning answer, PRISPA’s public tour is circular. You start on the “prispa”, visit various areas, examine their importance, and end up coming back to the most important trait. Most of our house’s life is out there, on the “prispa”.

PRISPA. An experienceWe’ve decided that not only visiting the house should count as an experience, but also thehandouts given to visitors which are targeted based on main age groups, with a slight

differentiation between general public and press.

Children 4-7: a do-it-yourself paper hat with child-like drawings of our house and Villa SolarChildren aged 7-13: a colouring book exploring a fairytale that aims at teaching sustainability General public (students and adults): a folding brochure explaining the main features of our

house, from concept to engineering and industrialization. Press: a folding brochure similar to the one given to the general public, but with less

technical information, emphasizing mainly on interesting features for this category

Languages:PRISPA team will provide guided tours in the following languages: Spanish, English andRomanian.

PRISPA. The 3 stops and 3 positionsDiscourse Management for Target Publics

In order to comply with the rules and regulations of Solar Decathlon Europe 2012, we chosenot to change anything about the stops of the public tour, or the information provided

in these tours, according to various types of target publics. The reason is very simple: unless sponsors, press, schools or other institutions request exclusive tours of the house, the information will not be truncated or flagrantly adapted for various types of public, as it is unlikely that we will get groups of professionals or families or just press, during the competition weeks.

The discourse and the technical details of the house that we need to provide during thepublic tour will be adapted on the spot, as there is no way we could possibly foresee as many

different types of speeches as for different types of homogenous groups, as far as profession or education is concerned. Moreover, it would not suit our strategy at all.

Stop A, B & CIn order to manage the people on site more efficiently, we added two extra fixed positions for

the decathletes, as well as a decathlete corner, where our students will take over the groups, and guide them through the house.

Stop A: The decathlete on stop A will be supervising and monitoring the children in the Kid’s area.

Stop B: The decathlete on Stop B will be choosing groups of 7 people, according to thelanguage required for the tour.

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Stop C: The decathlete on Stop C (landing platform of the ramp) will explain the structure and general details of the house while showing a 1:1 scale detail of the structure and the northern part of the house.

From the second visiting group onwards, the decathlete in Position 1 is the decathlete who has just finished a tour. He/She will be juggling with his/ her position between the corner of the porch and the landing, in order to check whether he/she is further needed for another group or to let the others know the “prispa” is free and can welcome another 7 visitors.

Position 1The presentation at this stop is quite brief, sacrificing the time for explanations in favor of

experiencing the most important space of our project. The decathlete will, however, present the strategy and explain why this reference to traditional is important. Immediately after a guide-decathlete completes a tour and says goodbye to his/her group, another guide welcomes the new one waiting on stop C. The visitors are then asked to hold their questions until the end of the tour and are invited inside as another group is sorted out and seated in their place. The decathlete in Position 1 will have to communicate through gestures with the decathlete in position 3 (bedroom), so as to take his group inside the house, just before the previous group is invited to leave.

Position 2The next position will be in the living room area, the decathlete explaining the basic

principles that make our house one in which Romanians would want to live. Further concentrating on details, in this position, our guests will be informed about the more technical aspects of our design. The equipment and installations are all packed in the technical module, so we will present our HVAC system, sanitary and photovoltaic equipment. Even the clay finishing of the module is relevant, as it stabilizes the humidity level. During this part of the presentation, guests are encouraged to look around or sit down. Since we are presenting a home, they should experience it as such.

Position 3Moving along to the sleeping and working area, our guides will describe the lighting design,

interior architecture and materials, also putting the structure presented before into context. Moreover, we will talk about our future prospects, what we intend to do when we return to

Romania and how our industrialization process will work. In the end, the group is encouraged to ask questions, while the guide has an eye on the next group standing on “prispa”. After the Q&A, the guide-decathlete sees the visitors out through the sliding bedroom door as another guide starts a new tour by welcoming the next 7 guests into the house.

After completing the tour, visitors have the option to descend the southern stairs or, if physically challenged, they can take the ramp they came on. They are welcomed to explore the site, see the merchandise area, explore the vegetable garden on the west or leave their children in the play area.

Side notes

Kid’s Area:We provide the parents with opportunity of letting their children spend a little quality time

in the Kids’ Area, especially designed for drawing on the blackboards on our parapet. (The Kid s’ Area is supervised by a decathlete, and it is safe enough for visitors to leave their children there, as they will have our decathlete’s undivided attention.)


After Madrid, PRISPA goes on!

Back in Romania, we attended a different range of conferences presenting not only PRISPA, but also the whole Solar Decathlon Europe 2012 experience. All this, during the re-assembly of PRISPA on the new owners’ site. We did not forget mass-media, still giving them information about the month in Madrid and the rebuilding in Romania.

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138 PRISPA team

Team Visual Identity ManualPRISPA team’s Visual Identity manual has been archived in BUC_AN#4_2012-02- 08_VIsual_

identity_Manual. This folder comprises the visual identity packages and display scenarios, as well as the final pdf with all visual identity elements and rules. Nothing has changed since the last deliverable phase.

Sponsorship ManualPRISPA team’s Sponsorship Manual is attached in folder BUC_AN#6_2012-08-14 with the

name Annex 5.4 Sponsorship Manual. The Sponsorship Manual features information about the negotiation status with different sponsors, as well as the presentation documents that we usually submit to prospective sponsors.

Team ActivitiesPRISPA team’s activities, together with the analysis charts for the events between Del#4, and

Del#6, are archived in the folder BUC_AN#6_2012-08-14_Communication_Materials. This folder comprises the information on events, media coverage, dissemination materials, the timeline strategy for our actions and means of communication for our target groups.


5.4.3 Sponsorship Manual

A. Collaborating Institutions and Sponsoring Companies

Collaborating institutions

PRISPA team developed a pilot-programme for the academic year 2011-2012, centered around an integrated design approach instead of the conventional one based on separate disciplines. The programme aims to gain acknowledgments to assimilate a substantial number of credits for PRISPA decathletes, in order to have their work recognized for this university year.

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“Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism in Bucharest (UAUIM)

www.uauim.ro/en “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism in Bucharest (UAUIM)

is the oldest and most important academic institution in this field in Romania. It offers several study programmes at Bachelor, Master and Doctoral level, responding to different qualification requirements. The study programme aims to create an architectural education responsive to the fast changing values of our contemporary culture, everyday life and attitudes, attentive to the increasingly unstable labor market, specialized when it comes to professional practice and the big variety of materials and technologies.

UAUIM gives recognition to 4th year students - 16 credits, to 5th year students - 18 credits and the practice for the 6th year - 20 credits.

Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB) www.utcb.ro/utcb/index_en.html The Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB) is

an institution that provides higher education in engineering fields (civil, installations, mechanic, environment), environmental and management studies. UTCB has developed skills in areas of great scientific, technological interest and at the same time, highest public utility.

UTCB provides recognition for two undergraduate students from the Faculty of Civil, Industrial and Agricultural Buildings (10 credits for the 1st semester), for two Master degree students in Structural Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Industrial and Agricultural Buildings, as well (14 credits for the 1st semester)

UTCB will also grant 30 credits, the equivalent of a minimum number of 40 hours of work invested in PRISPA, by six undergraduate and master students, from the Faculty of Building Services.

University Politehnica of Bucharest (UPB) www.pub.ro/en University Politehnica of Bucharest (UPB) prepares its students in different

technical areas, capable of using their scientific, technical and cultural abilities in helping with the technological, economic and social progress of the Romanian society and contemporary world. The University has developed an advanced computer system which is helpful in supporting the educational process for every study programme, research and administration of its campuses.

UPB will grant a number of 10 credits during the 1st semester, for the work invested in PRISPA, for two first year master students in Advanced Electrical Systems, from Faculty of Electrical Engineering.

Associated Universities:


National University of Arts, Bucharest (UNA), Faculty of Design and Decorative Arts

www.unarte.org The Design Department of the Faculty of Design and Decorative Arts within

the National University of Arts from Bucharest develops 3 main project areas: visual identity, interior design and product design. During their 3 years study, the students learn the importance of visual communication, ergonomics, marketing, product management, history of arts and design, and develop design projects ranging from simple styling for appliances to the conception of innovative sustainable transportation systems, medical devices, urban signaling and communication systems, brand identities, interior design for public or private spaces or the combination of all the above in interdisciplinary projects.

The Faculty of Faculty of Decorative Arts and Design grants practice credits as follows: two credits for two 2nd year students, majoring in Product Design, 6 credits/year for a 3rd year student, majoring in Graphic Design and 2 credits/year for two 2nd year students, also 6 credits for a 3rd year student, majoring in Interior Design.

Collaborating university:

142 PRISPA team

Leroy Merlin www.leroymerlin.ro

Field of activity: DIY storeShort description: Leroy Merlin is a do-it-yourself chain

of stores helping people to implement their projects. It’s an innovative company from the GROUPE ADEO, specialized on selling products and solutions with the promise to offer solutions for improving everyone’s home.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: store credit, organizing an event to present the PRISPA project and the sponsorship opportunities to all the Leroy Merlin providers, offers its parking space for building and promoting the PRISPA house during July

Habitat for Humanity Romaniawww.habitat.ro Field of activity: social housingShort description: Habitat for Humanity Romania is

a public utility, a non-profit organization that works for eliminating poor housing and the lack of shelter.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: financial support, human resources, networking, access to their sponsors, potential long term collaboration

Partners:

Sponsoring Companies:


Saint Gobainwww.saint-gobain.ro Fields of activity: construction products, innovative

materials, building distribution, packingShort description: World leader in the construction

market, designs, produces and sells construction materials that respond to the demand of energy efficiency solutions for the built environment.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: products from the 4 Saint Gobain brands: Saint-Gobain Glass, Rigips, Weber and Isover

Sunerg Solar Energywww.sunergsolar.com/en/ Fields of activity: solar thermal and photovoltaic

systemsShort description: Sunerg Solar is a company that

provides complete services (design, production and distribution, per and post selling support) for solar thermal and photovoltaic systems.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides the complete solar thermal and photovoltaic systems

Kronospan Romaniawww.kronospan.ro Fields of activity: Manufacture of veneer sheets;

manufacture of plywood, laminated board, particle board, fibre board and other panels and boards

Short description: Kronospan is a manufacturer of wood-based panels, that produces from flooring and furniture to timber-framed houses.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides OSB Superfinish Eco panels for our floor, walls and roof, different objects and working site arrangements.

Sponsors Gold :

144 PRISPA team

Bio Hauswww.biohaus.ro Fields of activity: consruction of wood housesShort description: Bio Haus is a producer of wood

elements for wooden houses, working both with traditional wooden systems, but also with structural insulated panels that are assembled later on the client’s site.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides the working place, consultancy and tools to build the structural insulated panels together with 4 members of our team

Bosch Romaniawww.bosch-romania.roField of activity: power tools, thermo technology,

house hold appliances, security systemsShort description: The Bosch Group is a leading

global manufacturer of automotive and industrial technology, consumer goods, and focusing their interest in the last years in building technology.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: providing construction tools for the PRISPA team

Fresh Air www.freshair.roField of activity: HVAC systemsShort description: Fresh Air is one of the Romanian

leaders in the field of building services. Fresh Air is exclusive or preferential distributor for internationally known companies like Johnson Controls York, Wolf, Hoval, Emerson, TSI etc. and in its portfolio there are hypermarkets, shopping malls, hospitals, restaurants, office buildings and so on.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: together with their partners (Samsung Air Conditioning, Wolf Heiztechnik and TSI) provides equipment and products for heating, ventilation and air conditioning, instruments for measuring indoor air quality (temperature, humidity, concentration of carbon dioxide), technical advices, labor and installation.

Sponsors Silver:


Holzindustrie Schweighoferwww.schweighofer.at/en.html Field of activity: wood processing Short description: Holzindustrie Schweighofer is a

company that processes wood for more than 3 centuries. It is present in Romania since 2002. The first Romanian sawmill of the Schweighofer Group was built in Sebes in 2002, followed by a second one in Radauti in 2007. Two years later, Schweighofer acquired the production site for laminated wood panels in Siret. The most recent acquisition was the block board plant in Comanesti in 2010.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides wood for the PRISPA house

Rheinzink Romaniawww.rheinzink.ro Field of activity: sink products for buildings Short description: Rheinzink is a company active in 30

countries, providing Zink products for buildingsCollaboration with PRISPA team: Provides the zink

material for the entire roof

SIR Safetywww.sirsafety.ro/en/ Field of activity: safety equipment Short description: SIR Safety is a provider of work safety

equipment and a manufacturer of shoes for reducing work accidents.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: Provides 2 sets of working equipment (for Romania and another one for Madrid) for the entire team.

Valromwww.valrom.ro Field of activity: water and gas sewage Short description: Valrom represents a well-known

supplier of complete water and gas sewage solutions and systems.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: Provides the sewage products for warm and cold water.

146 PRISPA team

Artis Peritia www.artisperitia.orgField of activity: practical education in architectural

restoration and crafts valorizationShort description: Since 5 years from its creation,

Artis Peritia has organized different workshops with students and craftsmen in different places of Romania (Sinaia, Bran, Curtisoara and Tibanesti). These international events are practical exercises meant to introduce the students in different crafts and to value the national heritage

Collaboration with PRISPA team: providing construction tools for the PRISPA team and organizing a team building workshop at Curtisoara

Arc Electronic www.arc-electronic.roField of activity: electrical and lighting systemsShort description: Arc Electronic, a great name in

the field of electrical and lighting systems, a dynamic team with innovative spirit, a complete portfolio of products, national coverage and all these with one goal: to ensure complete and quality services in the field of electrical, lighting and building management systems.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: ensures all the electrical and lighting systems and materials of PRISPA House.

Cersanit www.cersanit.ro Field of activity: bathroom furniture and ceramic

tilesShort description: Cersanit is one of the most

important companies in Europe that manufactures bathroom furniture and ceramic tiles.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides the bathroom furniture and ceramic tiles for the bathroom of PRISPA House.

D&B David and Baias www.david-baias.ro/enField of activity: business lawShort description: D&B David and Baias, law firm

correspondent to PwC in Romania, offers integrated, innovative and pragmatic solutions, by providing assistance, representation and legal advice.

Sponsors Bronze:


Collaboration with PRISPA team: legal support creating the PRISPA Association and during the PRISPA project

Electrolux www.electrolux.comField of activity: appliances manufacturingShort description: Electrolux is a global leader in

household appliances and appliances for professional use, selling more than 40 million products to customers in more than 150 markets every year.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides appliances for PRISPA House.

Goldart www.goldart.roField of activity: auction house for art and antiquesShort description: Goldart is one of Romania’s top

auction houses and art galleries that has sold a great number of famous pieces of art in their 15 years of activity. They are interested in promoting and aiding Romanian values, both contemporary and classic. This is why through their field of activity they will help us reach people interested in buying the PRISPA house after its exhibition in Madrid.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: financial support, organization of an auction for selling the PRISPA house, promotion of the project through their communication network.

Kodak Cinelabs Romania www.kodakcinelabs.roField of activity: lab services for cinematographyShort description: Kodak Cinelabs Romania, part of

Entertainment Imaging Division, provides state-of-the-art equipment and the best lab services for cinematography.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: equipment and lab services for producing the second PRISPA audio-visual.

Medic’all Events www.medicalevents.ro/enField of activity: organization of medical congresses,

symposiums and conferences.Short description: Medical Events is a Romanian

company that has developed a team of people from different fields of activity that put their skills together to offer an optimized service of event organization.

Sponsors Bronze:

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Collaboration with PRISPA team: covers costs for the shipped submission of Deliverable 2 and travelling costs for the team members participating at international events.

NanoPhos www.nanophos.roField of activity: nanotechnology materialsShort description: NanoPhos invents clever

materials that solve every day problems. By harnessing nanotechnology, we seek to create a functional environment that enables comfort, safe and trouble-free living.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides nanotechnology materials for solving the problems regarding water infiltration.

VELUX Romania www.velux.roField of activity: building materialsShort description: The VELUX Group, which has

manufacturing companies in 11 countries and sales companies in just under 40 countries, is one of the strongest brands in the global building materials sector and its products are sold in most parts of the world.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: north window of the house

Wolf Heiztechnikwww.wolf-heiztechnik.deField of activity: HVAC systemsShort description: Wolf Heiztechnik is a leading

supplier of heating, ventilation and air conditioning technology. The company’s rapid progress to the forefront of Europe’s building services industry started in the air conditioning and air handling sectors. Wolf products are installed in office buildings, airports, hospitals, cultural centers, etc.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides the heat recovery system for PRISPA House.

Sponsors Silver:


Alveuswww.alveus.ro Field of activity: kitchen furniture and appliancesShort description: ALVEUS belongs to the major European

suppliers of kitchen sinks, gastronorme pans, and similar kitchen appliances. Our 42-year experience, the output of many millions kitchen sinks and over million of gastronorme pans, as well as the continuous growth of our sales volume prove our market orientation, innovation activity, vitality.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides kitchen furniture and appliances for PRISPA House.

Arup www.arup.comField of activity: consultancy in mineral resources development,

derelict and contaminated land redevelopment, solid waste disposal, the built environment and the application of environmental legislation and policy

Short description: Arup is an international firm of consulting engineers, providing engineering design, planning and project management services in every field related to building, civil and industrial projects. The scope of work ranges from renewable energy design to site infrastructure works, from massive offshore structures to communications and IT systems, from office fit outs to socially-led engineering.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides consultancy for finding the best construction solution and building management

BRD – Groupe Societe Generalewww.brd.roField of activity: banking servicesShort description: BRD – Groupe Societe Generale is the second

largest bank institution from Romania Collaboration with PRISPA team: financial support EcoNet Romaniawww.econet-romania.comField of activity: online platformShort description: EcoNet Romania is the online platform of The

German-Romanian Chamber of Industry and Commerce.Collaboration with PRISPA team: Networking, access to their

sponsors, advertising

Supporters:

150 PRISPA team

Heat Xwww.heat-x.comField of activity: radiant panels manufacturingShort description: Being settled at the end of the 90’s, Heat-X

started by providing to the customers alternative solutions for traditional heating systems.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides radiant panels for heating the PRISPA House.

Romanian Order of Architects www.oar.org.ro Field of activity: professional organizationShort description: non-profit, non-political professional

organization administering the right of practice for architects in Romania

Collaboration with PRISPA team: PRISPA won a grant in a competition for cultural projects, organized by the Romanian Order of Architects

Printotecawww.printoteca.roField of activity: printing servicesShort description: A printing shop run by students from the

architecture faculties in Bucharest.Collaboration with PRISPA team: Provides printing services

Ovi Grupwww.ovigroup.roField of activity: engineering group Short description: A group of companies and NGO’s from

construction and building services to management and tourism fileds.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: financial support

Romexpowww.romexpo.ro Field of activity: fairs and exhibitions Short description: Romexpo SA is the Romanian leader of fairs

and exhibitions industry.Collaboration with PRISPA team: Participation to 4 of the most

important fairs in Bucharest, regarding construction industry, HVAC industry or interior design


Senso Ambientewww.sensoambiente.ro Field of activity: bathroom and kitchen sanitary productsShort description: Senso Ambiente is official distributor in

Romania of recognized brands from the bathroom and kitchen sanitary products industry.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: Offers sanitary products for the bathroom and the kitchen of PRISPA House.

Spot Designwww.spotdesign.ro Field of activity: advertising Short description: Printing and laser cutting store.Collaboration with PRISPA team: advertising materials for

events, fairs and exhibitions.

Technovawww.habitat.ro Field of activity: heating materials and equipmentsShort description: TECHNOVA INVEST is a Romanian privately

owned company, founded in 1996. Since 1997, the company operates in the field of wholesale of heating materials and equipments.

Collaboration with PRISPA team: offers heating materials and equipments.

TSIwww.tsi.com Field of activity: measurement instruments industry Short description: TSI is an industry leader in the design and

production of precision measurement instruments.Collaboration with PRISPA team: provides all the instruments for

measuring the indoor air quality from PRISPA House.

For a full table with further details about the contact details each persons in charge of communication between PRISPA and its sponsoring/collaborating institutions and companies, please see Annex 5.4 Sponsorship Manual - Negotiations Status.

B. Presentations used to raise sponsorshipsPlease see Annex 5.4 PRISPA Executive

Summary_EN

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5.5 Industrialization and Market Viability1. Market Viability of the Product

“Tradition is linked to a relative historical immobility that allows evolution through imperceptible successive retouches brought to a long term sedimented background“1.

1.1. Aim of the enterprise

For the SOLAR DECATHLON EUROPE 2012 competition, PRISPA team has developed a prototype that meets the requirements for Madrid, while adapting to the financial opportunities given by our sponsors. We, however, created a strategy for our product that complies particularly well with the Romanian context: an affordable house which is fully equipped and functional, easy to build and easy to integrate in a rural context, comfortable both physically and psychologically, adaptable to different living scenarios.

More than participating in the marathon, our house is designed to help with a shift in the Romanian mentality towards a more sustainable living. This could have the desired impact only by making use of good promoting strategies and by industrializing a prototype crafted after the needs of our target groups. Hence, we designed the house for Madrid in such a way that it could adapt to this follow-up situation and allow for a better degree of industrialization, without changing essential parts.

1 Mihail Caffé, “Tendencies in the evolution of the concept of living in the rural environment”, in Arhitectura, No.1 / 1974, p. 4)

1.2. Background

Romania has noticed a dramatic drop in the Real Estate Market since the end of 2008, mostly because of the burst of the construction sector bubble encompassing all properties. After three years of financial crisis the market is still lying dormant. Many housing and office projects have been stopped while others that were started before the crisis and finished in the last couple of years are still awaiting their tenants. There are empty apartment and office buildings all over Bucharest and the rest of the country.

The number of real estate transactions 2006-2011


The evolution of housing price compared to the maximum level

The medium selling price per square meter in Romania’s largest cities

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The price of a two room apartment in Bucharest expressed in the number of monthly rents

The price of a two room apartment in Bucharest expressed in the number of monthly net wages


Let us turn our attention to the following state of affairs. After the fall of communism 23 years ago, we have started to catch up in a bolstered manner with the western way of thinking, in terms of business and living. Ergo a recent popularization of a downtown working area has taken place while some attempts at residential living are slowly moving outside the urban environment. More still, downtown office buildings offer nowadays just energy class B offices because of poor parking space and daylight exposure.

As with the communist regime which massively uprooted individuals, relocating them from their countryside homes to the cities in order to use them as workers in factories, the modern approach to residential outskirts living is not always the best solution. Since the new Real Estate Market concentrated on suburbs, the middle-class living rather near to the city’s center has the same living conditions it had 50 years ago. They did not evolve in any way, although they could actually afford better comfort in a different context.

1.3. Problem

Romania’s rural space has a specific charm because of its landscapes and traditional lifestyle, hence it should consequently be better maintained. We have become oblivious to the fact that this age-old rural lifestyle is the one that keeps traditions alive and uses principles that are now almost lost in use, but highly acclaimed and mass-promoted in contemporary communities as theoretical knowledge. Telling examples are care for environment quality, non-destructive use of nature, multi-functionality, passive architecture, socializing and community spirit.

Despite this, the general Romanian mentality is rejecting the idea of migrating back to the countryside, while also ignoring the possibility of using alternative energy sources, because of an apparent lack of comfort. Urban environments set the standards for well-being and seemingly, the countryside cannot provide the city dweller with everything he needs. Wrong.

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1.4. Our response

In our opinion, by keeping in mind the fact that the world is facing an impending food crisis, we should best utilize our strategic advantages and not make compromises just for the sake of a conformity imposed by globalization. Now we have a better alternative within our reach and more in tune with the national philosophy that is still deeply rooted.

Our socio-cultural context being set, we can easily see that the current situation is not necessarily a preferred way of living, but a direction we ended up accepting involuntarily, while trying to rapidly adjust to capitalism. Of course, some people are represented by the outcome of the situation because they are either young and were brought up in this environment or they managed to achieve a lifestyle that suits them, without even accepting the idea of change.

Others are not that happy with their current situation, some because they are still longing for the life they used to have in the countryside, some because they simply don’t like the urban environment, but have no viable alternative.

This is where we step in. By revitalizing the rural area through an intake of young people and professionals set on modernizing agriculture, tourism, education and services, we could have better chances at a prosperous life.

PRISPA house could help the rebirth of agricultural communities by offering the possibility of affordable, yet comfortable and sustainable housing.

Following this flow of thoughts, our product has 6 selling points: sustainability and energetic independence, affordability, comfort, adaptability, easy assembly and easy context integration.

Moreover, with the rapid proliferation of the Internet in even the most remote places (Romania has one of the world’s best internet services), an increasing number of professionals will find it possible to do their job without ever or rarely going to the office. This means that professionals such as architects, engineers, software developers etc. can continue doing their jobs out of the corporate environment, but in the comfortable space of their homes. In addition, since urban traffic has proven to be quite difficult at times, commuting from a rural area near the city does not necessarily mean that the time required for the daily trip to work grows exponentially with the distance.


1.5. Target Groups

We chose our target groups according to their age, income and professional area, which are all linked up to a certain point. PRISPA house is an equally excellent choice for the young generation of villagers in search of an upgrade to their parents’ traditional and most of the times modest homes with a low energy, sustainable dwelling of the 21st century. Being able to live according to contemporary standards in some of the country’s most remote areas means that the young generation might no longer be tempted to flee towards the city in search of a better life. With additional emphasis placed on entrepreneurship, the new generation could be more prosperous and at the same time avoid the destruction of a timeless way of living.

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Let’s take the case of families 40 to 60 years old.

In this category, we are targeting those families that have reached professional, economic and social maturity. They either have a steady, good working place or are close to retirement and their children have moved by themselves or have left home for studies. The general tendency for this target group is to invest in a new home, away from urban chaos, where they go on vacations and eventually move in after retirement.

Two common scenarios are choosing a place in the countryside, but still close enough to the city for the ease of transport, or rebuilding on the village properties they inherited from their parents. Why shouldn’t PRISPA meet their needs? We offer comfort, a decent amount of living space and the technology to make them feel that they have worked all their lives to benefit of something different, all in an environment which, being quiet and close to nature, is usually what people this age need to feel at ease. Adding the fact that most of them were brought up in the countryside, there shouldn’t be any impediments.

What about young families, 25 to 40 year old?

They are involved in providing good life-conditions for their children, so they need a generous flexible space for a good price, a healthy and safe environment for their children and the possibility of having a steady income while still having time for family and social life.

PRISPA house is a perfect example when it comes to balance between minimum necessary space, contemporary comfort and price. The architectural footprint is 87 sq m, including all the functions one family needs (living room, dining room, kitchen, bathroom, reading/working space, bedroom, storage space) with the possibility of adding another module or dividing the existent area, depending on their needs. If it is set in a location rather close to an urban area so that they have access to good services, PRISPA should suit them well.

When it comes to young professionals (20 to 35 year olds), we mainly target those individuals who want to live in the countryside (time-distance not being a problem nowadays). Reasons for that are plenty. They could have a rural background or want to try a healthy lifestyle (while having the kind of job that could be easily done at home), or their professional abilities enable them to be extremely useful in the rural environment.

These are the group ages we consider, but our project aims for sustainability, not only in terms of ecology. We want to shape a mentality, so we also target students and children. Of course, they don’t have purchasing power, but we should keep in mind that they are our future target. The way we educate them now will reflect in our future success in the Real Estate Market.


1.6. Location

In terms of location, PRISPA house can virtually be set anywhere. Romania’s solar radiation map is not very restrictive so, since our house has the appropriate angle so that the photovoltaic panels can have maximum of efficiency, geographical location is not necessarily an issue.

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However, weather could be a problem. We have both sunny weather in summer and long snowy winters, so our plan is to work out a contract with Enel, the most important private investor in the Romanian electricity sector.

Our house produces more energy than it consumes, but the extra quantity is not divided equally and proportional with every month’s consumption. Since the consumption is obviously higher during winter and the intake lower in that period, one solution is using batteries. However, this would only increase the price of the industrialized house, so a more logical approach is for the energy provider company to compensate what the house cannot produce in winter and take the summer excess into the grid, so that the balance is close to 0 at the end of the year. This helps the consumer (who may not have a steady income throughout the year) and benefits Enel, while not wasting the extra energy intake.

In terms of solar energy, the production levels in Romania are critically low. Between 2004 and 2007 we have produced no energy from solar resources.

Unfortunately, in 2012, our solar energy production has not increased. To see a detailed live report on Romania’s energy consumption and production, visit this link. http://sistemulenergetic.ro/

However, design is a constraint when talking about location. We went for an aesthetic look that better suits the countryside, in our attempt to support the revival of traditional rural areas. A house like ours would not integrate in an urban environment, but not because of the comfort it provides. Another argument is the presence of pollution and high buildings which could intervene in the house’s solar envelope, as well as the impossibility of always having a proper orientation for the photovoltaic and solar panels.

We also have “prispa”, which is, conceptually, a socializing space. Given the tendency of having small plots with high opaque fences in cities, this concept would be denied. Hence, we considered that this house should have a property of at least 1000 sq m which, considering the fact that in the rural area the standard plot of land for average households is about 2000 – 3000 sq m. On the other hand, most of Romania’s cities allowed such a development that it is not uncommon for suburbs to be near a typical traditional village. This means that this versatile building can also be a residential home near the outskirts of a major city.


1.7. How does the house respond

PRISPA house is clearly inspired by the traditional relationship between spaces, while adapting itself to contemporary living standards and lifestyle. The traditional approach helps creating a psychologically comfort level. However, this society calls for adaptability and flexibility of the space. Hence, there are different scenarios: bedroom + study, bedroom and independent study, closed living room or living room communicating with the exterior (“prispa”) and the multiple arrangement possibilities of the dining room.

Moreover, the industrialized version of PRISPA has a 143 sqm built area, expanding the eastern side and the split level’s surface to south. This allows to create another bedroom placed on top of the one at ground level. From a house made for two (for the competition requirements) we can easily shift to a house made for a family of 3 to 5 people with one living room, two bedrooms, 1-2 study rooms, 2 bathrooms, kitchen and technical room, all this without losing comfort or changing the overall architecture of the house (inside and outside).

PRISPA’s modularity has two dimensions. One is related to the functional grouping inside the house: the day area, the private (sleeping / study) area and the utilities area.

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hp=1.20hp=1.20

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KITCHENS=7.30sqm

BATHROOMS=5.60sqm

DININGS=13.00sqm

LIVINGS=14.00sqm

BEDROOMS=10.00sqm

VESTIBULES=4.60sqm

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WORKROOMS=10.00sqm

PRISPAS=14.30sqm

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10.60

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1.90

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4.00 3.00 3.55

3.70 2.70 3.20

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2.70

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1.85

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+2.15

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The other one represents the advantage of a flexible design: the construction can be extended by adding another sleeping module, built exactly as the existing structure. Thus, the house may have up to a total of 3 bedrooms (2 bedrooms + study) and can accommodate an increasing family at an extra cost of almost 30%.

Accesibility is also a point we’ve taken into consideration, the industrialized version meeting all the space requirements for being used by disabled persons. In addition, the stairs can easily be replaced with a vertical lifting platform, as seen in the pictures below.


The addition of another living module can be easily achieved by attaching it to metal connectors, by replacing one modular wall panel on the East facade and by making a small functional shift in the initial sleeping space.

Modularity can also be seen as related to the wooden structure, the wall panels allowing an easy assembly and, as previously seen, clean modifications in order to receive attachments.

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What we aim by using this flexible design is for PRISPA house to adapt to families ranging from 1 to 5 members without losing comfort, selling the house or having a big initial investment.


1.8. Affordability

According to Romania’s National Institute of Statistics, the average net salary in March 2012 was 1543 RON (approximately 350 EUR) and going higher. However, this means that many working Romanians are not eligible for credit loans for real estate purchases, the lower limit being, in the best case scenario, 400 EUR.

Following the same document, we can set a list of top-paid working fields we would expect our target groups to fit in: finances and insurance, information and telecommunications, production and distribution of energy and utilities, extraction industry, science and technology, public administration and defense.

Some economic measures initiated by the Romanian government have been designed to help the Real Estate Market get back on its tracks.

One of them, “Prima Casa” (“The First House”) offers young people the opportunity to buy a 60 000 Euro house or to build a 70 000 Euro one with a state guaranteed credit. The problem is that, on the 2012 Romanian Real Estate Market, apartments at this price are usually located either in old buildings that do not provide the best comfort and need large investments in renovation or in ill-famed areas of the city. Let’s say that this is only the case of Bucharest and major cities in Romania and that small urban areas have their Real Estate Market set at lower rates. Very true, except the fact that incomes are visibly lower there, so the ratio ends up being the same.

To shape up the impact of “Prima Casa” on defining our target groups, we should speak in numbers. What really interests us is the fact that a bank protocol requires that an eligible person should have a minimum income of 400 EUR per month.

With „Prima Casa”, for a 66 500 EUR loan with a 20 years refund period, one should pay an estimate 415 EUR per month.

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An additional measure that could spur the revival of this once booming sector and at the same time help modernize the rural region is the European Funding for Agriculture (FEADR) which Romania can access and which is governed by The Paying Agency for Rural Development and Fishing (APDRP). This is especially interesting since young entrepreneurs have access to funding in order to start a business in the agricultural field, but not necessarily, other opportunities being equally open. And despite the fact that they cannot use the money directly to build a house, they still have an incentive to leave downtown office jobs and start an independent business.

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Another initiative is Ozone Homes and Romania Green Building Council’s attempt at implementing a green mortgage for housing loans. This means that if you want to buy an energy efficient house, the bank should guarantee a preliminary green certificate calculated as being one family’s savings (reported to the area) in energy consumption in order for one to have access to increased loans.


1.9. Economic benefits

At the moment, a Romanian family living in a 70sqm apartment pays an average 100 EUR / month for heating, cooling, cooking and electricity. A part of the apartments in Romania have gas boilers for hot water and heating installed. The high prices for maintenance are due to heat losses because of poor insulation of the existing houses / apartment buildings and because of permanently rising energy prices.

The Romanian government is subsidizing the costs for heating during the cold season, but in the future they will give up this policy. The costs for heating already rose about 30% and will keep rising coming to around 120 EUR / month for the same family.

PRISPA house is more efficient than a comparable classic home, reducing the heating and electricity costs to almost 0, by producing energy. In the long run, with this gross economic approximation, this means an economy of around 100 EUR / month or 1200 EUR / year.

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With „Prima Casa”, for example, in 20 years of paying the credit rate, the 1 200 EUR / year saved on maintenance costs come to a total of 24 000 EUR. This could also be seen as a reduction of the monthly credit payment from 415 EUR to 315 EUR. This amount of money is, however, a gross calculation. Other variables might interfere, such as the growth rate of electrical energy on the market or the fact that for a household consumer the price doubles if the consumption goes further than 3 kwh. All in all, 1 200 EUR/year in savings might be a starting point, a minimum.

These benefits could represent an extra incentive for young professionals in search of a place of their own, in an area that is healthy, tranquil, and above all offers the possibility of living independently by setting up a small agricultural business there.

The detailed monthly energy consumption and intake of the PRISPA house, for both Bucharest and Madrid, is shown below.


2. Economic Feasibility Study

2.1. Madrid prototype versus industrialized house, a general view

SDE’s requirements helped us set high targets to our project, while also creating a house that suits our national context. The strategy, our public target, the concept, they all came afterwards as added filters to the building rules and regulations. The sum of all these aspects created PRISPA prototype. However, for seeing through the industrialization process, we have to re-organize some components so as to make it suitable for our market prospects.

The SDE prototype is an energy - plus house that answers the idea of a sustainable building, while shaping a lifestyle. These are also the main points of the industrialized house, however, we have to emphasize, from the beginning, that the context and requirements of the SDE competition are, to some extents, different from the ones necessary for selling our house in Romania. The assembly / disassembly process or the geographical aspects are factors we should consider. This translates itself at an economical level by actually having the possibility of heavily reducing costs.

This idea should follow two different paths of development – one scenario in which we industrialize a very similar version of the prototype and one in which we figure out a good method of not selling more than the consumer needs or wants

1. The more they produce, the cheaper it becomes!

The way this works is rather simple and easy to understand in the context of mass-production. The house being sold would have almost the same properties as the prototype for the competition, which means mostly eliminating the variables that depend on assembly and disassembly or on the difference between conditions in Romania versus Madrid.

An enterprise that would industrialize PRISPA should follow four production levels in the first years:

low production level (1-9 houses per year);medium production level (10-99 houses per year);high production level (100-499 houses per year);very high production level (more than 500 houses/

year).

For every scenario we added a 7% profit to the actual price of the house. However, the high Value Added Tax (VAT) in Romania (24%) rises the gross sale price more than we aim for.

An analysis on these production levels (production costs depending on every scenario, benefits and VAT included) as follows

Based on the production levels scenarios, the development of a company that could industrialize PRISPA house should follow three phases.

ηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηηη• ThefirstoneistheSDEcompetitionwhichwill

ensure a proper communication to buyers, media and possible business partners.

• Thenext5yearscanallowthecoagulationofan administrative and decision board, while the first major partners can be attracted in the project (mainly

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some of the partners for the contest that believe in the project’s future). In this phase the industrialized house can be put on the market and reach the low (1-9 houses per year) to medium production level (10-99 houses per year).

• Thethirdphase(another5years)shouldallowtheenterprisetousetheprofitforinvestinginbrand and infrastructure, thus paving the way to reaching the high production level and maybe expand internationally. At this stage, architects should work on expanding the flexibility opportunities thus creating a different range of prototypes.

After the SDE 2012 competition, the attempt at industrializing the house meets one first discouragement: the startup investing costs. The major disadvantage of this direction is that one is not able to predict exactly how many houses will be sold and it takes a considerable amount of time to reach a selling price that can easily compete on the market. Moreover, it requires a big initial investment and the buyer is, to some extent, obligated to take the whole package, even if it does not meet his needs. Getting more than you need is not always a fair deal.

One way to ease this problem is by designing the industrialized prototype in such a way that it has a fixed part that allows no intervention and flexible components that can be adapted by the buyer (colours, finishing, furniture, etc.). The rights for the fixed part will be given to selected companies, so that we ensure that their products will be included in PRISPA house, until reaching the third

production level (100-499 houses). At this point they would have only invested in their own product lines, while allowing for a new selling platform. This should be the time when they could be proposed, as long term partners, to further finance the business and develop their products in an industrial line.

As a possible outcome, this could eventually lead to selling the fixed part in do-it-yourself kits (with proper packaging for minimum loss in transport and assembly) in home - improvement retailer stores, where the buyers have the options of choosing the remaining flexible components as well.

Partners, such as Habitat for Humanity, are already interested in this possibility

2. Pick your puzzle pieces! Get only what you need!

A more suitable idea for industrialization is selling PRISPA House in kits of products, ranging from structure to furniture. This means that for every kit we should set a high level (the high end technology used in the prototype), a low level (cheaper products on the market that would not affect the minimum comfort levels this house is trying to achieve) and an intermediary level.

The overall idea is that, depending on the buyer’s possibilities, we can industrialize a house that works on the same principles, but is a little more consumer oriented. The goal is to still obtain a medium level smart solar house without going over the 70 000 EUR limit imposed by the “Prima Casa” program. The buyer can play a little mix and match depending on price, needs and priorities.


The kits should be organized as following: structure, photovoltaic installation, solar installation, electrical installation, HVAC installation, carpentry, finishing, plumbing, appliances, interior design, landscape. This separation can be easily observed in the annexed budget analisys.

Having the high level price network already created, a business plan structure should emerge rapidly. Since PRISPA is now a known concept, attracting new partners to supply products for the other price levels is not hard to achieve. No partner, except for the structure producer, would have to invest in a new production line. They just have to include their products in a kit that will be promoted as such.

Our partners already reacted positively to this business opportunity, BioHaus, for example, are eager to develop a better production line for our type of structural wooden panels in order to lower the costs for their kit

3. No business does not mean no PRISPA

Of course, if we deny the possibility of an emergent business, we could sell all the rights for the PRISPA prototype at once to an interested investor. In this order of thoughts, to ensure that the project remains intact, we could sell the rights of producing a limited number of houses, under our direct supervision.

Another course of action is combining financing sources, both from the state or European funds and private investors. Some state funding we or, for that matter, any buyer can access are available through housing programs such as ANL (National Housing Agency) and “Casa Verde” (The Green House). ANL mainly sells affordable housing for young families and “Casa Verde” subsidizes solar technology (solar and photovoltaic panels) up to 1360 EUR and up to 1818 EUR for heating pumps (http://mmediu.ro/index_en.html).

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The time necessary for recovering the initial costs is calculated below for the industrialized version of PRISPA house.

The difference in materials and price between the prototype and the industrialized house (high level kit) can be easily observed in the annexed budget analysis. (Please see Annex 8. Idustrialization Budget, and Annex 8.Project Budget)


3. Industrialization Degree

3.1. Difference between the Madrid prototype and the industrialized house

Before reaching the industrialization phase, our project has to participate in the Madrid competition. We have to emphasize, from the beginning, that the requirements for the SDE marathon competition are, to some extents, different from the ones necessary for selling our house in Romania. This translates itself at an economical level by actually having the possibility of heavily reducing costs.

For Madrid, our house has to be not only easy to assemble, but it has to also be disassembled. This means extra costs for many of the components (using a more expensive metallic board that can be easily disassembled, using metal connectors in order to keep the wood intact etc.). Moreover, for building the prototype, we had to adapt our design to our sponsors, most of them selling quite expensive products.

However, although we tried to adapt to the existing market, we did not want to make compromises that would affect the integrity of the project. An example is the fact that our local market does not produce a multilayer timber profile that fits triple glazed windows. We find it imperative to use this type

of profile because they have an important role in our passive strategy. Romania is not ready for this type of approach, so we are now trying to either convince big producers to change their production line or combine small companies to develop such a product. Our house and the Madrid media follow-up should influence the further development of products like these so that new production lines can emerge.

The overall price for the prototype is 125 000 EUR.

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In Romania, the house doesn’t have to be disassembled (no metal connectors, no unmountable metallic board), so there can be used cheaper components or appliances without losing quality, or even give buyers the choice of opting for their own appliances.

Moreover, Romanian legislation does not allow the use of foundation legs, hence the industrialized house will have a solid reinforced concrete foundation. We also analyzed the possibility of having a stone foundation, but the Romanian legislation does not allow it anymore. Another difference is that the wooden platform for “prispa” is also going to be assembled on site, as opposed to Madrid, where we are going to transport it ready made.

The difference in materials and price between the prototype and the industrialized house can be easily observed in the annexed budget analysis. (Please see Annex 8. Idustrialization Budget, and Annex 8. Project Budget)

3.2. Constructive design

After building our prototype house for Solar Decathlon 2012 in Romania, we received a lot of reactions during the visiting period. Both the general public and specialized people in the building industry came with a series of observations and advice that we took into consideration for improving our industrialization plan.

Accordingly, we made some changes within the structural system based on architectural needs and on improving material consumption and assembly time. We kept the prefabricated structure based on structural panels, but we adapted to one transport cycle and one final assembly stage. Therefore we reduced the thickness of the wall to 16 cm, the rest of the thickness being generated by up to 10 cm of exterior on site added insulation, we reduced the wall plating to one OSB layer which will be enough to ensure the stiffening and bracing of structure for seismic and wind actions. I-joist type profiles are also used because they are a good alternative for Romanian timber structures where full wood sections are used and also because they are the standard dimensions in Romanian real estate market. Hence, the wood quantity will be reduced and automatically and the costs of the house will be smaller and the environmental impact will be lower.

The technical modules can be made in two ways – workshop prefabricated or assembled on site – depending on crane availability and client needs. For the industrialized model we offer the buyer the possibility of choosing from a large range of materials and technical details. The foundation can be made out of reinforced-concrete that costs approximately 5000 euro 10m3 or it can remain built out of wooden prefabricated panels, as we have initially designed it.


We reorganized the dimensions of the prefabricated walls in order to obtain more space. The dimensions of structural panels were optimized, in order to ease the transport, to reduce assembly time and cost.

Summing up the materials of the walls, we have the next layers, starting with the exterior: decorative plaster, thermal insulation – that is also the owner’s choice: made out of cotton, cellulose or wool; polystyrene (extruded or expanded), exterior covering, the structure - built of I-joists profiles, wall internal insulation – mineral wool, glass wool, natural wool, vapor barrier, OSB plating, 5cm technical space and interior finishing – based on wood elements, drywall plating or cellulose fiber based boards with plaster finishing. The roof is also made from prefabricated panels, with 240mm I-joist type beams. The insulation thickness was designed in order to ensure thermal properties to the entire envelope, both in winter and summer.

All the materials used for the structure: wood – processed and unprocessed wood, refurbished and recycled wood, OSB (Oriented Strand Board) boards – made from lower quality wood - are purchased entirely from the Romanian market. All other materials like insulation, screws, metallic parts are also available on the national market. We maintained the structural system as simple as possible, in order to make it understandable, easy to build and with a low energy consumption

Our constructive system aims at combining two modularity directions, one regarding existent materials on the market and one taking into account transportation. The result is efficient material consumption and diminishing the number of trucks necessary for transportation. We basically followed two sets of dimensions: the OSB standardized dimension on the market (125 / 250 cm) and the 2.40 m width of a standard truck.

Following the development of the house (both architectural and structural), those dimensions lead to a 62.5 cm structural pace and OSB panels (walls, floors and roof) modularized after the 2.40 m width and the 62.5 cm dimension that prevents material waste.

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3.3. System’s easy understanding

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3.4. Transport and assembly process

As stated earlier, the fact that we have a prefabricated structure enables us to build the components in a specialized workshop where we have tools and professional assistance. The prefabrication should take a month with 4 people: 2 people specialized in wood industry (one foreman and one structural & wood technologist engineer) and 2 workers.

Moreover, part of the components will be delivered with finishing. For example, we can deliver adjacent walls already assembled (as many panels as the length of the truck allows) and with exterior finishing (“placocem” exterior drywall and clay). Their joints will be insulated and fixed together, finishing free, thus the workers on site only have to add the missing drywall piece and plaster the interior surface with clay. The structural components and the utilities module (already assembled and installations included) should be transported on site using 3 trucks. Once there, the assembly takes 2 days with 4 to 6 people (most of them specialized, but the owner can be part of the assembly team as well), using a low tonnage crane.

4. Possibilities for Grouping “Unlike the urban dwelling, the rural house is connected to a plot of land and

perpetuates the idea of family continuity” 1.

PRISPA does not allow modularity in order to achieve collective housing. This was out of the question from the beginning, because it does not fit in the context we have set for our project. However, the rural background implies the existence of a strong community, one that has its houses in the open, facing the common areas, but are also isolated in their plots of land. This urbanistic trademark of Romanian villages has always rhymed with the spirit of the community and PRISPA can be integrated in this infrastructure without modifying it or losing the sustainable aspects of the house. Such a community should, if ever, be built according to the rural areas’ unwritten planning principles, which do not encourage high density in small surfaces. Every home needs to be surrounded by nature, distance being the natural boundary between the plots of land, as opposed to what happens in cities with those opaque 2 meter high fences. Of course, there are variations to these situations, but the general tendencies are the same.

1 Mihail Caffé, “Tendencies in the evolution of the concept of living in the rural environment”, in Arhitectura, No.1 / 1974, p. 4)

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So far, we have shown that PRISPA house can integrate into an already formed community with a traditional background. But, if necessary, it can create communities from the beginning. Because the house has energy independence, it can be placed in areas in which the infrastructure for connecting to the energy grid is not yet properly developed, such as the Danube Delta, where the solar irradiation has high levels. But accessibility is reduced.

With some changes in materials and technology, due to the fact that it is easy to assemble in a short amount of time, PRISPA house can be industrialized in areas that have been flooded or damaged by other natural disasters. We are researching this possibility with our partners, Habitat for Humanity.

Moreover, PRISPA could spur an emergent, but profitable sector of the Romanian tourism. Rural Tourism is appreciated by many foreigners and developers could use our house to create new and comfortable accommodation in traditional areas, without losing the national spirit and charm that brought tourists there.

Some investors might also be interested in PRISPA for creating single-family housing developments in areas that have a good accessibility relation with the cities.


5. AccessibilityPRISPA House benefits from an universal design approach.

Bringing PRISPA house’s accessibility up to standard was performed in keeping with the recent revised and approved Romanian accessibility requirements concerning adapting civil buildings and the general urban space to particular needs of disabled people. This legal documentation establishes general technical requirements of the built environment’s quality – buildings, construction elements, urban space. These requirements will grant restriction-free access and use of these spaces, for permanently or temporarily disabled people.

a b c d e f

Permanent or temporary dissabilities related to the individual’s body

a – wheel-chair userb – visually impaired personc – walking disabilities, sub-axial crutch userd – walking disabilities, forearm-crutch usere – walking disabilities, frame userf – child, walking disabilities, frame user

g h i j k l

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Various disabilities related to the physical and / or social environment or circumstance

g – a person carrying a baby in a mobile cradleh – childi – toddlerj – elderk – pregnant womanl – person carrying heavy objects

1.50± 0.00

± 0.00

h p=0

.80

hp=1.20hp=1.20

hp=0.00 hp=0.00

KITCHENS=6.11sqm

BATHROOMS=5.10sqm

DININGS=10.60sqm

LIVINGS=15.20sqm

BEDROOMS=8.90sqm

VESTIBULES=3.60sqm

Vertical lifting platform80x1.25m

1.50 1.50

1.50

- 0.60

- 0.60

5%h p=0

.80

h p=0

.80

5%

4XFo

otst

ep32

x15c

m

- 0.30

+2.56

TEHNICAL ROOMS=10.95sqmRELAXING LODGE

S=6.1sqm

± 0.00 ± 0.00

Vertical lifting platform80x1.25m

+2.56

± 0.00 ± 0.00


Innovation in Architecture

5.6 Innovation Report

More, for less

What you see is not always what you getSometimes, innovation in architecture lies in a strategy with a good outcome. It’s not

always visual or easy to graphically explain. Sure, we can point out our metallic shell that smartly creates a hiding place for all the wiring and the installations necessary for the photovoltaic system, while also allowing the placement of the PV structure and space for natural cooling underneath or how it is designed to resist 3 assemblies and 2 disassemblies.

We are, however, more proud of hiding all this technology in a house that still looks like a home and has the warmth our target group is looking for. Innovation is making people confident in wooden structures again and willing to accept the use of alternative energy. Innovation is the fact that we dare to consider the countryside in the context of high performance technology. Innovation is all those people who stepped in our house saying “I don’t know why, but I feel I could live here”. Innovation is finally hearing someone say that he wouldn’t change a thing.

We rely on innovation as foreseeing people’s genuine needs, the ones they carry subconsciously. Children are closer to those untamed feelings, so we asked them to draw a house. A child will invariably draw a slanted roof instead of a box and he will always add family members. PRISPA’s starting point is that it’s recognizable as a home. Crazy little thing called home

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Our image

Ask a child to draw a house. He will invariably draw a house with a slanted roof, not a box. PRISPA’s starting point is a house that is recognizable as a home. Crazy little thing called home.

PRISPA House is different. It has prispa, it has the roof, it has chalk

drawings on the railing boards.

PRISPA House is memorable. After you visit it you can definitive say: I’ve

been to a house with a prispa in front of it!

PRISPA House is attractive. It has the „wow”” factor. Fine details that

would make you say: I want it for myself!


Compact volume, a variety of functions fulfilled

Less is more, and we never get bored of it

We aim for innovation, but in that subtle form which is capable of changing mentalities naturally. We do not want to force people into sustainability and the use of solar energy, thus building a home instead of a showroom house. We need them to accept change first, for sustainability’s sake.

PRISPA is affordable, a project designed to allow the development of a fully equipped industrialized version that would not exceed 70 000 Euros, the limit set by “Prima Casa” (“First Home” governmental program).

In terms of comfort, PRISPA is a house all Romanians can relate to, displaying contemporary high-tech living standards without being menacing. These standards are set according to both legalized European standards of living and Romanian psychological thresholds. The house provides complexity hidden behind simplicity in concept and design.

Being easy to build, PRISPA is making great use of prefabricated elements, structural simplicity and technology so as to be built with the minimum amount of effort.

By using reconfigurable features in the living space and a modular structure that allows extensions or easy to make changes in design without losing the general idea of the project, PRISPA is adaptable.

PRISPA is also context-wise, by means of design, functions, finishing, independence in use and all of the above.

Somewhere along the road we noticed that contemporary people don’t always understand traditional elements in their complexity, so we took them and presented them as what they are: passive strategies. We used “prispa”, the vestibule and the northern storage area as thermal buffer, we used stone as thermal mass, north-south natural ventilation, powerful angle for the northern roof, clay for humidity control and “prispa” as a protective shield for sun, rain, snow and wind. Why re-invent the wheel when we can use what we already have, although slightly forgotten?

The skin we live inAt the meeting point between tradition and contemporary technology, we had to

shape a skin smart enough to serve both purposes, passive and active.

We designed our envelope to serve as a shield for the interior. It masks an important storage space on the north, while creating a thermal buffer and has a low angle that

192 PRISPA team

reaches the ground in order to avoid northern wind or snow bursts. On the south, it creates “prispa”, our multifunctional conceptual space. It also visually translates PRISPA’s compact volume.

Our envelope is, however, the main active element of the house. Designed at the optimum angle, it allows the placement of the photovoltaic and the solar installations’ structure, also creating a space for natural ventilation underneath. We use metal for good resistance to 3 assemblies and 2 disassemblies, but we also found a way to cool it down, making solar energy a friend, not an enemy. Moreover, the design of the metallic boards hides and protects all the wiring and installations necessary to the PV and solar systems.

Collect. Generate. Protect.

Compact volume, a variety of functions fulfilledThe cultural connection goes much further than our “prispa”. There is a

Romanian proverb which is at the heart of the way we have laid out the house, “Casa-i casa, masa-i masa” („Thine home shalt be a home, thine table, a table”) which, further than sheer words, translates into a consistent, normal, way of living, where you do not have to compromise one space to perform the functions of another.

We have adapted the interior space bearing in mind a number of the standards Romanian culture sums up in this proverb. As follows, every function – cooking, dining, resting, working, sleeping – is accessible at all times, all spaces being clearly defined like cells of an organism, even if the boundary is subtle, just like the position of the furniture. The clear separation between the living area and the private – sleeping and working area is at the same time an opportunity for a more optimized HVAC strategy and a response to a need of intimacy that is very pronounced in our country.

And here we are again, talking about our hidden technology. Our house is smart, but you don’t walk in your pajamas in the morning tripping on some high-end water tank! We wanted our house to have a normal use, so all technology is placed in strategic places, with easy but different types of access depending on maintenance needs. You don’t see it, but you know it does its job and you can reach it at any given time.

PRISPA, a fingerprintWhile today’s mainstream trend in Romanian housing tends to ignore much

of the cultural or traditional heritage, PRISPA makes a clear statement: you can build a contemporary house, based on the traditional typology, where people can feel comfortably at home.

Our main goal is to re-think innovation through the development of low-budget housing by finding alternative solutions to expensive systems and create one of the most affordable solar houses

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Innovation in Engineering and Construction

PRISPA House was assembled once in Bucharest, before the SDE 2012 competition, when we had the chance to test its efficient functionality and also present it to the public. Then it was disassembled and loaded into trucks for transportation towards Madrid. At the Villa Solar location, the house was reassembled and judged.

After the end of the competition, the house was transported to the future owner’s construction site. Thus, in total, the house supported three assemblies and two disassembles. These actions have major implications for its constructive design, regarding the dimensions and the weight of the elements, and also the joining method between elements.

Anticipating the Romanians’ enterprising nature, we made the house flexible and used all the spaces so as to ensure its integrity in time. Moreover, we tried to adapt to different scenarios that can be part of a family’s life, the result being the possibility of expanding the house with another night module on the east. This can be easily realised through metallic connectors which can be attached to any exterior wall, triggering the replacement of the parapet under the southern window with a door. So, between the actual bedroom becoming a second bathroom, the main bedroom taking the place of the office and the other module functioning exactly how the first night module was designed, this new configuration can meet the needs of a contemporary expanding family.

For this expansion to be possible and for our house to be easily assembled and disassembled, the structure of the house has to be modular and simple, but intelligent. Thus, we decided to use

I-joists beams (double T-shaped beams with an OSB heart and wooden feet) we prefabricated ourselves.

These have an efficient material distribution in section a nd a very good weight / resistance ratio, while their low weight greatly facilitates handling. The beams are coated on both sides with OSB 4 which uses non-toxic binding agents and gives the structural panel rigidity. The whole structure will be placed on a boarding platform made from a dense network of I-joist beams. Moreover, this type of beams will be used to create the roof panels as well.

The structural solution solves several issues including dimensional stability of the whole house, considerable less time consumed at the construction site and more accurate details.


(blended elements of lumber and OSB) for the efficient use of material. These elements respond to calculated requests, but use up to 40% less wood.

Finding the constructive and technological

solution to integrate all the necessary equipment and finishes into the technical modules, in order to streamline the interior space, to reduce installation time and the cost of carrying the entire assembly.

The ability to mount the house in a small team, following a default assembly plan, leads to the reduction of the assembly time (of a fully equipped and finished house).

Student trainings provided by the technical departments of suppliers as well as their involvement in the initial stage of wood processing (not just the mounting stage) is an investment in the students’ formation during activation time in academia.

The “hands on” attitude of PRISPA team and the direct involvement of the team members in wood cutting, minimized waste by controlling the use of wood debris in places that were specified from the design phase.

Versatility of a structural element (the point where the roof downloads) is architecturally a partition wall between two spaces with different functions and also item of furniture (wardrobe and library).

By modelling the project in a 3D computer software (SAP 2000), we obtained all the wood necessary, with the precise dimensions wherefrom a substantially material reduction. Our house, contrary to the Romanian habit (to perform the housing construction directly in situ), was firstly created on a computational model, which uses the finite element method.

We considered the cooperation between

the OSB and solid wood, in order to reduce the wood consumption and to improve its constructive effectiveness. Material properties have been exploited as follows: OSB elasticity ensures the taking-over of any stretch from the floor, while in the walls it ensures the solidarity of vertical elements (box studs); the wooden planks and I-joists ensures the rigidity of panels along their length (maximum 8.60m).

The house design is made by students of several disciplines, resulted in efficient solutions; various proposals were put under discussion, then polished and tailored by the teams from other departments. This way to design, almost ideal even for the professional life of Romania, brought us closer to the real scenario of construction and engineering communication.

The rational use of wood. Our construction is an innovation system in Romania. Many houses so-called “green”, use lumber as internal structure for the panels, therefore their solutions are not sustainable. We use “engineered wood”, I-joists and box studs

196 PRISPA team

Innovation is rarely complete in formal education. To complete what we’ve been missing on while focusing on doing things the extremely safe and the extremely right way, we added another member to our team in order to help us achieve this purpose of ours – a compagnon. Compagnons are talented practicians, in love with a certain material who can work wonders around the restrictive rules of craftsmanship. We needed someone extremely handy with wood, so two weeks ago, we welcomed one compagnon, deeply in love with creative ways of prefabricating wooden constructive elements. We’ve been living happily ever since.


Innovation in energy efficiency

As far as people’s perception of solar technologies is concerned, we will bring about dramatic change in this area as well. Currently, people in Romania are reluctant to use anything even remotely connected to solar technology, largely because as a first-time investment it is somewhat pricier than traditional construction technologies.

It has become obvious that the Romanian age-old rural lifestyle is the one that keeps traditions alive and uses principles that are now almost lost in use, but highly acclaimed and mass-promoted in contemporary communities as theoretical knowledge. Telling examples are: care for environment quality, non-destructive use of nature, multi-functionality, passive and active strategies, socializing and community spirit.

Despite this, the general Romanian mentality is rejecting the idea of migrating back to the countryside, while also ignoring the possibility of using alternative energy sources, because of an apparent lack of comfort. Urban environments set the standards for well-being and seemingly, the countryside cannot provide the city dweller with everything he needs. PRISPA vision is to transform this deep-rooted mentality problem.

Integrated design gives solutions that stand for more than the sum of individual proposals. Thus, transforming integrated design into practice means implementing in a project, from the very first start, strategies for obtaining high performances, low energetic impact and cost efficiency.

Opposite to the static and hermetically closed envelope of the 20th century, today the envelope of a building is a dynamic entity, an articulated mechanism that is continuous selecting, capturing and canalizing different forms of energy in most productive places. Thus, the surfaces of an envelope are becoming 100% active from a thermic point of view.

198 PRISPA team

What makes PRISPA House efficient?

The strategic placement of thermal buffers on the North (technical core) and the South(vestibule).

Strategic placing of thermal mass materials on the floor near the South glazed surfaces (stone 1m wide strip) in order to attenuate the cold radiation effect from the glazed surface and absorb natural heat from the sun (see prispa configuration and function) and on the walls (clay finishing) in order to offer a uniform thermal radiation field.

Use of the air-to-air heat exchanger (or heat recovery module), when necessary in heat recovery mode in order to assure the needed fresh air for hygienic living conditions and in free-cooling mode (using its by-pass) in order to diminish the heat load during the summer , whenever the external air temperature drops below 200C.

Raising the PV modules about 10 cm from the roof in order to assure passive ventilation that cools them down. This ensures the highest efficiency possible by decreasing the PV panels’ temperature.

Rainwater and grey water treatment module in order to reuse that water for other applications.

In order to reduce the consumption of the electrical illumination system, LED lamps were fitted.

East, West and North windows have triple glazing and have Argon inserted in order to reduce the solar heat gains during the summer. These windows also have shutters which contribute more to the solar heat gains reduction.

The technical core is insulated from the rest of the house with a special sound dampening mineral wool insulation. Where necessary, sound dampening finishing is applied. 24 cm thick mineral wool thermal insulation (λ = 0.036 W/mK) in order to minimize the house thermal loads. Additional insulation is placed on thermal bridges in order to diminish the “cold-bridge” effect.

Why integrated design is not passive or natural ? Firstly, the described strategies of integrated design action in an active way and secondly, the state of a building in a community it is not natural, it implies much more factors beyond the link between building and its natural environment. Any building is, in fact, a product of social and technical circumstances. However, social integration has always preceded the integration of technologies, since any new technology emerges from social needs, before it becomes technical.


Innovation in Communication and Social AwarenessThey sell square meters. We sell a home.

There’s nothing like a promise to prompt interest. But PRISPA cannot innovate the promise, so we chose to innovate on the way to make a promise.

PRISPA. A Manifesto of People Centered PR

Public relations and communication go together like a horse and carriage. While communication deals with our relationship with the public, public relations deal with how we manage our communication process. If you will, public relations keep it all together, like a solar envelope, so it protects all functions. In our case, public relations are the shell that protect the way we communicate so we keep it steady, dynamic and honest.

All PR wants to convince us of something, but how do they do it? We believe PR in Romania is lacking a little bit of a certain something that lead to the very creation of this profession – consideration for human contact. We are scared PR people have been hiding behind a screen, talking to people the way they imagined people are, not the way people actually are.

Here’s a sample of a dialogue we had in a less than fancy restaurant.

— I’m sorry to interrupt your conversation. May I join you?

— Sure.— This might come off as a bit of a shock,

but I’m trying to prove a point. If you were to move to the countryside, why would you do it?

— I’d do it for the peace and quiet.— I’d do it to restore my grandmother’s house.

It’s beautiful.— I’d go there to have my own garden.

There we had it, plain and simple. People are not afraid of the countryside, they just want things from there, things that the city rarely offers them. Peace, quiet, garden, grandparents. So, having these informal dialogues in mind, alongside National Institute of Statistics (INS)’s studies, how do we wash away our sins and bring social utility to our communication project? We redefine everything.

200 PRISPA team

Redefining PR in PRISPA

Given that a PR officer is a talented practician, capable of seeing an opportunity where most people see a lost cause, or a passed fashion, the axioma would point to a PR being a person who breeds artificial needs for things long passed. Very much on the contrary, what we do is very similar to what an art ironmonger does: we see the big picture and we add popular value to things that are already valuable, such as prispa. We add that gateway which turns forgotten fingerprints and interests into attractive things, good for sale.

So we have a strategic definition. Who’s missing?

People. PR was born because people had to learn something about something. PR had a very simple task, disseminating information. Today, we pretend PR is about creating an artificial need and clever strategies. Away with it! No PRISPA team member will allow a strategist who doesn’t know his field. It would be like going to battle in sandals.

Where are our people? In 56% city. In 44% village. In Romania.

And still - talking about people’s needs that us, PR people need to meet, how do we fight Romania? We don’t fight it. We embrace it. After all, what is Romania to us – it’s a place to live defined by size, culture and activity. Denying any of these aspects would be foolish.

Let’s talk about being on the right size. A community, an organism, a house can only be “this” big, so it doesn’t self-destruct. The moment you pretend you need an oversized torso and you get it, you will collapse. The moment you pretend you need an oversized, over-performing home, and you get it, the community around you, collapses. An oversized home is like a lie you tell everyone about yourself.

Lying about status is bad, so why don’t we help you create your own status from your own, achievable dreams? Most people will say that achievable things are not dreams. Let’s grant their requirements too, take it a step further and make the dream about the community not about the self.

This is what PRISPA does. We don’t sell square meters. We sell a home. And not even that. We sell the beginning of a dream – a sustainable, environmentally friendly habitat for people who aren’t afraid to face who they are and what they need.

As a springboard for our communication process, we use the bubbly community, the revived village, with peace, quiet, gardens and all.


How do we do it?

To begin with, we stop pressing where it hurts. Pain never did anything. We kept getting pain in the shape of systematized urbanism and ironic press. The time has come to build something nice. Something soothing.

Where do we begin behaving a-new?

We begin in grand graphic style, by making a movie about PRISPA. It’s common knowledge that an image is worth a thousand words. We’re making a movie worth millions. Million words. So as not to ruin the surprise, we will just provide a teaser for the audience. While houses and other architectural products in general are portrayed in documentaries, in terms of efficiency, by architects in black that hilariously explain what you can do with a bedroom (sleep), with a kitchen (cook), and with a living room (live), we chose to present our home by means of a story. A real story, with real characters, with a real conflict, with good fighting evil. No kidding.

Word of mouth

Word of mouth-watering dishes, really. We recently started to enlarge our area of communication with cuisine. Since we deal with Romanian identity, we feel that no discourse on Romanian identity would ever be complete without a good meal to go with it. This is why recently we started an official collaboration with a restaurant who has been welcoming the team during all hard work times. This restaurant provides PRISPA with cooking classes so the dinner parties during the competition are unforgettable for the participants. On the medium term, we plan to collaborate with cuisine related publications, where we will brand a recipe.

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PRISPA, A New Vision in Romanian Architectural Education

Vision has many definitions, all of them related to hard to reach qualities: imagination, perception, inspiration, innovation and creativity. The world can be much more clearly perceived when it is observed simultaneous from different perspectives. A vision is, in fact, a point at the horizon, maintained as a focus centre, as a place someone or a group is striving to get to.

As presented in the figure below, there is a cyclic inter-conditioning between architectural practice and the actual architectural product, which implies taking into consideration the architectural program, functions, location, design, use of materials, systems and equipment.

Cyclic interdependence between integrated design and sustainable architecture

Accordingly, integrated design can be defined as the result obtained when architects’ work incorporate all following aspects as principal directions in design: energetic constraints, site and clime aspects, program and function enforcements, constructive solutions, rules and norms, economic and social aspects.

PRISPA, initially just a brand and a group of people involved in a solar house competition, tends to become such a complex auto-organised system of architectural thinking. PRISPA claims to become a first model of a possible design-build program in Romanian school of architecture, which combines academic research with instruction-through-construction experience, in a wider process, that of building affordable housing.

The most complex phase of an integrate education is the fusion of different knowledge. Fusion conducts to the appearance of new research zones and to the development of integrated projects. Cross-disciplinary education approaches curriculum based on real life and it represents, at its core, the acting of a common axiomatic for an assembly of disciplines. Centred on students’ real needs and interests, it produces responsible human beings in relation with their personal learning, through direct participation of all phases of the process and through structuring the educational process around the general problems or challenges of the contemporary world.

ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE

becomes INTEGRATED

CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

becomes SUSTAINABLE


Pilot program, academic integrated

All components of the Romanian educational system are currently going through a transformation process: institutional hierarchy, relational aspects, contents, the system itself, evaluation and credit methods, professional training for teachers. Innovation is stimulated mainly within research projects, not necessarily during the teaching itself or during day-to-day coaching, which tend to become tedious, repetitive activities that breed reluctance to change anything whatsoever.

PRISPA team aims to ground the base for the most important sustainable educational project in the field of architecture in Romania. For that to happen, the main goal is to put forward a reliable platform available to anyone involved in the project, from students and professionals, to companies and organizations, thus creating a tightly-knit network whose purpose is to aid PRISPA team to develop their concepts.

By bringing the knowledge from different disciplines together from the first step in the process, creative solutions for a sustainable built environment can be developed. As an outcome of this process the students learn the architects’ language, the artists’ language as well as the engineers’ language. PRISPA project is a pioneer cross-disciplinary project where all the actors are involved together with one common objective: offering a hands-on learning method for an integrated design process.

Two research studies were conducted by The Romanian Agency for Quality in Higher Education in 2009 and 2010, regarding the quality of Romanian higher education. Work experience is considered by employers to be highly valuable, a more important criterion than the reputation of the faculty graduaded or the grade point average: employers prefer graduates who worked either part-time (40%) or full-time (26%) during their studies; only 7% of the employers would rather have graduates who did not have a job during that time”.

The neutral position adopted by the employers lies in a lack of confidence over the actual level of competences of the graduated students. On the other hand, the majority of the teaching staff are giving much more positive credit to the quality of the system to prepare students for the labour market. Thus, the two images of the two involved actors are completely different and the great risk involved is for the university system to loose the contact with labour market and to significant deteriorate its future image.

On the subject of time allocated to learning, the study reveals the manner in which students spend their time in a standard work-and-leisure week. A significant number of hours spent in the university is reported for the students involved in volunteering activities, these students are devoting more time to individual study. The organisational factors (size, public/private ownership, year of study, subject areas) and personal factors (with or without scholarship, involvement in productive activities, involvement in volunteering activities) positively correlate with a higher rate of attendance, thus providing premises for higher academic quality.

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The present generation of students is defined by the Quality Barometer – 2010 research study to be the search of guiding marks, the expectation for the institution of the university to provide them certainties in terms of directions, meanings, future careers, specialisations and well-defined labour sectors. Even if Romanian legislative approach are using the term student-centred university as a trade mark nowadays, studies assert a major gap between the universities’ objectives and the students’ preoccupations and interests, related to personal development.

The first very important step PRISPA took regarding social awareness was convincing the interested universities of Bucharest – “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism (UAUIM), Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB), University Politehnica of Bucharest (UPB) and National University of Arts Bucharest (UNA) – to participate together into the SDE 2012 contest. Starting from the SDE 2012 competition requirements, the team confronted with the challenge of a way of rethinking architecture, as creating a solar house made only by students in Romania, nowadays implies pushing the boundaries of what is generally accepted.

The pilot-program developed for the academic year 2011-2012 and implemented in the four Universities, centered around an integrated design approach instead of the conventional one based on separate disciplines. The project aims to gain acknowledgments to assimilate a substantial number of credits for students in the four universities in PRISPA for the SDE 2012

contest, in order to have their work recognized for this university year.

UTCB provides recognition for two undergraduate students from the Faculty of Civil, Industrial and Agricultural Buildings (10 credits for the 1st semester), for two master degree students in Structural Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Industrial and Agricultural Buildings, as well (14 credits for the 1st semester). UTCB will also grant 30 credits, the equivalent of a minimum number of 40 hours of work invested in PRISPA, by six undergraduate and master students, from the Faculty of Building Services.

UPB will grant a number of 10 credits during the 1st semester, for the work invested in PRISPA, for two 1st year master students in Advanced Electrical Systems, from Faculty of Electrical Engineering.

UAUIM gives recognition to 5 undergraduate students in the Faculty of Architecture: 16 credits / year for two 4th year students, 18 credits / year for two 5th year students and 20 credits for the requested practice for a 6th year student (terminal year) working in PRISPA Team.

UNA grants credits for practice, as follows: 2 credits / year for two 2nd year students, majoring in Product Design, 6 credits / year for a 3rd year student, majoring in Graphic Design and 2 credits / year for two 2nd year students, also 6 credits for a 3rd year student, majoring in Interior Design.


The credits for the first semester were granted by a board of evaluation consisting in professors vouching for the subjects proposed for evaluation and, in case of UTCB, with the presence of the Faculty’s Dean. The evaluation was made based on a justificatory report, presented in stages, explaining all the options considered for various solutions, as well as the detailed analysis and personal development within the project. In order to have an accountancy of hours of work and activities occurred for each student, the team developed an easy to manage communication platform, using GOOGLE Documents.

Three of the undergraduate students are submitting their Bachelor licence paper and Diploma project on PRISPA and SOLAR DECATHLON EUROPE competition:

On the 27th of March, the Communications Coordinator of PRISPA Team – Faculty of Communication and Public Relations, University of Bucharest, 3rd year, had the presentation for her licence paper. Entering PRISPA Team from the earlier nucleus, formed before the qualification at the competition and remaining here for “building adventure” she has developed a benchmarking system for Public Relation (PR) in architecture. The project’s behaviour in front of the publics and current evolution of the economy and market has constituted the subject of her thesis. She has developed an evaluation method as well as a model plan, in order to have all areas of communication, covered.

Communications Coordinator of PRISPA Team presenting the project at the international exhibition ROMENVIROTEC 2012, held in Bucharest

After delivering her licence written paper, the coordinator of the interior architecture group in PRISPA Team – Faculty of Interior Architecture, UAUIM, 5th year – will finish in June her Diploma Project, based on the interior architecture of PRISPA House. At that moment (June 2012), the most part of the house will already be prefabricated and she will have the opportunity to present even 1:1 scale details. Standing on the prispa, like in the picture, the day when she has entered the team by winning the Interior Competition Design, she stays in PRISPA Team today for “professional and personal development”.

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Picture with the winners of the Interior Competition Design for PRISPA, November 2011. To the right, the future Interior team coordinator of PRISPA Team

The first semester of the academic year 2011-2012, SOLAR DECATHLON EUROPE was the subject of a 6 week school project for 5th year students from the Faculty of Interior Architecture at the UAUIM. The winning team joined PRISPA Team, having thus the opportunity to attend the Workshop in Domnesti, which we consider to have been the launching point for the revised new team and for the new strategy emerged.

Also in June 2012, one member of the Product Design group in PRISPA Team – Faculty of Decorative Arts and Design, Industrial Design, UNA, 3nd year – will present her Diploma Project on product design, based on her proposals for PRISPA House interior and exterior. In PRISPA for “design & building” since the Call for Application, her drawings will have the chance of being transformed to scale 1:1 functional objects for a real home.


The Structural Engineer team officer of PRISPA Team – Faculty of Civil, Industrial and Agricultural Buildings, master in Structural Engineering, UTCB, 2nd year – has held in March 2012 his Dissertation paper on the subject of PRISPA House structural design. His work impressed the committee of UTCB and was fully rewarded with the maximum grade, for its direct applicability, its high scientific level, also for its graphic, cursively ideas and fluency of writing style.

The wooden cover of the Dissertation paper, with PRISPA logo on the back.

Work of the Structural Engineer officer of PRISPA Team

In PRISPA for “building a house”, since the Call for Application in January 2011, he has today one of the most important roles in PRISPA Team and finally gets to see his engineering work catching form: he will coordinate the prefabrication of parties of the house at the Laboratory of Metallic Construction, in UTCB. For other students from PRISPA to have the possibility to work there, a training course on Health & Safety was specially organised at UTCB, where 45 members of PRISPA Team attended.

One of the most important objectives for the following period is to ensure the full safety of all members of the team including workers and any visitors to the site before, during, or after the processes of unloading, construction, deconstruction and re-loading. Health & Safety are primordial in the building strategy. Furthermore, if we can guaranty a safe building process for students, it is a sign that the house is easy to build and thus accessible to a larger number of people that would like to build it themselves, and this also stands for one of our market viability targets.

PRISPA Team members with safety working equipment

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Build it sunny side up!

More academic programs as the one conducted by PRISPA can and will go to high levels of integrated design in the future of university education, if students in architecture, engineering, interior, product and graphic design prove such a maturity in approaching their professional role in the construction industry, maturity gained through experiential learning.

Integrated design represents maximum of high performances integrated through minimum of means and resources. The integrated pilot program developed by PRISPA Team represents a challenge to the established educational system as it produces highly skilled graduates with a cross-disciplinary perspective, expertise in group work and focus on problem solving in context. By bringing the knowledge from different disciplines together from the start of a process, creative solutions for a sustainable built environment can be developed.


Innovation in the Industrialization and Market ViabilityIntroducing change

We’ve described the Romanian context before – forced urbanization, reluctance to change, low incomes, memories of rural gardens, fear of losing urban comfort, fear of alternative technologies, compensating small spaces with ridiculously large ones, you name it. A little chaotic, one might say.

This is where we step in, introducing an industrialized solar house in a country where the “green” approach of saving our resources does not have any significant impact on the construction industry. But the only arguments we can put forward in order to reach the masses are: being cheaper, easier and faster. Then, for those who saw our house, another argument might occur: it feels like a home, although oozing with technology.

There is still another variable to consider. PRISPA dares to come with a hi-tech solution designed for the rural environment. Sounds crazy? Oh, but people might just have an incentive to reconsider the countryside. By revitalizing the rural area through an intake of young people and professionals set on

modernizing agriculture, tourism, education and services, we could have better chances at a prosperous life. PRISPA House could help this rebirth of agricultural communities by offering the possibility of affordable, yet comfortable and sustainable housing

Low budget solar homes

Let’s face it, we’re walking a little blind on a virgin territory, so flashing a good price might just do the trick. General opinion on solar technology is that it’s either too expensive or unreliable. By participating in the SDE competition, PRISPA makes it reliable, but the novelty is selling such a house under 70 000 EUR. We have just introduced the first solar house in the list of eligible houses for “Prima Casa” governmental funding program. This means that young families can consider applying for this instead of a crammed apartment.

Mix and match

People don’t trust standardized single family houses. They feel they don’t have a say in it and it does not reflect their personality. Everybody accepts that you buy an apartment just as it is, but a house built from scratch is another story. Keep this in mind when you go hunting for prototypes!

We’ve built our house, we’ve let people in. To sum up the reactions: our house is beautiful and comfortable, but A. wants cheaper appliances, B. wants it 2 meter wider and D. does not have money to get the expensive

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designer furniture. So what’s the approach when you have people with different incomes, different taste and needs?

Let us be the ones to bring the happy news: we sell PRISPA by kits of products - structure, photovoltaic installation, solar installation, electrical installation, HVAC installation, carpentry, finishing, plumbing, appliances, interior design, landscape. Add three different price ranges for every kit and you can definitely find something to suit your needs.

All in all, no combination is more expensive or more efficient than the prototype, the medium level is about 70 000 EUR, add or take a few, and the low level home does not, in any way, affect the minimum of necessary comfort or concept. So either way, you still get PRISPA.

Your house, your helping handIf you buy PRISPA, most of it will be prefabricated

in specialized workshops, but assembly is easy and it has been tested with students. This means that if you want to give a helping hand and save some Euros, you can be a part of the assembly team. It’s easy, it’s fast and building a house is something anyone must do in a lifetime

If it doesn’t exist, PRISPA has it covered!

When we designed PRISPA house, we wanted to create an efficient structure that could ease our assembly/disassembly efforts, that has thermal

insulation properties, that is cheap and uses a small quantity of material. We also wanted it to be a good option for industrialization, but the I-joist panels we’ve designed were not available on the market. With the help of our sponsors, we’ve created the pieces we needed ourselves.

We also wanted to use natural wood frames for our efficient triple glazed windows, but Romanian market couldn’t help us. So we’ve convinced one of our sponsors to create a new profile based on our needs.

Business plan of the day

Another source of innovation is the way the industrialization process can start. The network for the high-level kits for the product is already shaped by PRISPA and they also have a good ongoing advertising plan that connects them to the prototype. The initial investment costs are low. Companies just have to include their products in a kit that will be promoted as such. Attracting partners to fill in the medium and low-level kits is not a problem, since it’s all just about redirecting their own products


1. Introduction

Solar Decathlon Europe is the first step in our strategy for PRISPA House. We consider that is very important to continue all the work in a way that can actually have an impact in our society. The house will be industrialized in order to regenerate rural areas in Romania. The price of the house comes under the limit for a mortgage loan existing in Romania, addressed to young people called “Prima Casa” [First Home].

The context we step in is a community where sustainability is not yet applied on a large scale and the financial crises seriously affected both economic and social levels. Our goal is to increase social awareness not only on the ecological aspect, but also regarding the degradation of the image and the lifestyle in Romanian villages. Our strategy merges economic, social and ecologic aspects, reflecting the complex meaning of sustainability.

Our house is affordable, comfortable, easy to build, adaptable and context wise. In terms on sustainability, we provide a market viable house that complies with all contemporary comfort standards and has a reduced environmental impact. The whole design of the building, both the technical solutions and the architectural approach, is based on the idea that the house must be easy to build and to use. Moreover, we aim to create an object that can be easily assumed as a “home” and is appropriate for a rural environment.

The result is a building inspired from traditional rural houses, not only as a volume, but also regarding passive strategies that have been instinctively used by our elders. Technical solutions are not only affordable, as product, assemblage and maintenance costs, but also easy to use – a must, considering the target public and context. Moreover, we use local materials with ecological characteristics, not only to reduce the environmental impact and the expenses, but also to stimulate local business.

5.7. Sustainability Report

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2. Bio-climatic Strategies: Passive design strategies

Affordable ingenious tricks can be used to reduce the energy needs of the building and even to increase the indoor and outdoor comfort.

_Solar control

Our solar control strategy is inspired from traditional volumetric configuration of Romanian village houses. “Prispa” is a traditional narrow porch meant to drop shadow on the southern façade in summer time, while allowing the sunrays to enter the house during winter. On the other hand, the northern windows provide a constant natural light without any heat gains. The eastern and western windows are protected with sliding shutters, acting both as solar control devices and as a mean to reduce the convection in winter time. PRISPA House has triple glazing windows without solar control treatment, so that it won’t annihilate the solar heat gain during winter.


_Thermal mass

We use the concept of thermal mass not only to maximize the solar gain in winter time, but also to increase the efficiency of the heating and cooling system. Materials with thermal mass properties, such as stone, ceramic and clay, are cleverly positioned in the interior space so that they would create a complex passive strategy: on one hand, the floor slab and the clay cladding are designed to store the heat from winter sunrays and radiant panels, and on the other hand to help cooling the air, combined with the crossed ventilation or the air-to-air heat exchanger.

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_Humidity

Moreover, the clay itself has the characteristic of regulating the humidity in the interior space. Combined with radiant panels, humidity transfer is improved: the water vapors stored in the clay are forced into the ambient, raising the relative humidity of the air from 35% to 45-50% during the winter. In the summer, the clay absorbs the excess humidity and lowers the relative humidity from 65% to about 50%. Furthermore, the air conditioning units also have a humidity lowering program in order to achieve the desired relative humidity level.


_Thermal buffers

The entrance hall, also called wind-fang, works as a thermal buffer between the inside conditioned space and the exterior temperature. Furthermore, experience proved that a storage area on the northern wall works as a protection from the winter wind and lower temperature. This argument defines the position of the technical and storage core of the house. In order to counteract the cold effect during the cold season, on the opposite side of the cold walls there have been placed infrared heating panels.

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_Cross ventilation

The northern windows, helped by the sloped northern roof, will catch the cooler North wind in summer time and carry it through the house towards the south windows, creating therefore a natural airflow. Materials with thermal mass also participate in the cooling process, combined both with cross ventilation and the heat recovery system.


_Envelope

The house envelope is designed to ensure the necessary level of thermal insulation and air tightness, but also its structural needs. Most of the house structure coincides with its envelope and consists of OSB prefabricated panels with an intermediate layer mineral wool. The junction of the panels is considered to provide an easy way to assemble and disassemble, but mostly for reducing as much as possible the thermal bridge and higher air tightness. The joints will be covered with a single-sided adhesive tape. As much as possible, using metal pieces on the entire wall thickness is avoided, in order to reduce the heat loss.

_Landscape

Planting trees and vegetation is an effective way to improve the microclimate and the outdoor thermal comfort by cooling the exterior climate through shading and evapotranspiration. At the same time, it provides protection from harmful exposure to UV rays. A green shadowed area outside the house is a pleasant space for outdoor activities.

The landscape design focuses on plants that usually grown in a traditional garden: vegetables, fruits, medicinal and aromatic plants. This is a great way to merge aesthetics, utility and efficiency and even to stimulate a healthy lifestyle.

We use a drip irrigation system not only because it is more efficient for the plants, but also because it uses the water more efficient than the sprinkler system by preventing evaporation. It can use up to 60% less water, which can be rainwater, treated greywater or fresh water.

_Rainwater collection

The large area of the sloped roof was designed to comply with the requirements for electricity and domestic hot water production, but it also helps collecting the rainwater, which is then used for watering the plants. Altough for the Madrid competition we will not collect rainwater becasue of water storage space limitations, the industrialized PRISPA will have rainwater collection.

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1. Water

Although in most Romanian villages water is not a scarce resource, we try to increase public awareness about reducing our environmental impact in what it concerns the water issue. In order to lower the waste of the water, our house is equipped with appliances and faucets with reduced water consumption. Grey water is treated and used for irrigation. Water is treated by directing water through a series of particle filters (located in the „filtering station”) and then through a UV sterilizer for eliminating potential microbial threats.

Rainwater is considered conventionally clean water and can be used in certain applications without treatment; the plumbing design allows rain water to be collected in a number of storage tanks that are also linked to the grey water tank, allowing rain water to be used as treated grey water.


2. Solid Waste

The quantity of wood used to build this house is the equivalent of 20 trees and is FSC certified. Please see FSC certification from our wood providers Kronospan and Schweighofer in Annex 7.5 FSC Kronospan and Annex 7.5 FSC Schweighofer. In order to draw public attention to the impact on the environment, our strategy is to plant 40 trees instead. Overall, the quantity of wood involved in the construction process is low, due to an intelligent distribution of solid wood and fiber boards, in order to fulfill structural requirements with the minimum material and weight.

Moreover, our goal is to reduce the quantity of waste involved in the construction process. This can be accomplished on one hand by using prefabricated panels, which considerably diminishes the scraps, and on the other hand through a responsible waste management. For instance, when working with wood, waste from one piece can be used as another needed component and eventually transformed into fiberboards. The distance between structural elements has been chosen according to the standard OSB panels, meaning that placement will not generate any material loss. This also diminishes the energy incorporated and the time consumption.

As for domestic waste, we encourage the selective collection by placing special containers into the kitchen. The organic waste, for the industrialization house, will be composted and used as natural fertilizer. Some glass and plastic recipients can be reused, but the rest of garbage should be recycled in collection centers.

At the end of the buildings’ life-cycle, most of its components are recyclable: construction material (wood, glass, mineral wool, metal, stone, ceramic and clay), furniture (wood, glass, metal), sewage pipes and connectors (copper and polypropylene), wires and mounting elements (plastic, metal). Photovoltaic panels, solar panels and other electrical equipment must be disposed at the nearest collection point or sent to the manufacturer.

3. Materials

Locally manufactured materials are preferred. A study for local manufacturers was made and the conclusion was that all the major components of the house can be produced in Romania: wood structure, OSB panels and other wooden parts, windows, thermal insulation, metal components and sheet-metal. Moreover, these materials can also be recycled.

After a comparative analysis of the options we had regarding the most suitable construction solution that could fulfill all the constraints, we have decided that a house of prefabricated structural OSB panels is a suitable option for assemble-disassemble cycle, while sustainable and reasonable as price.

Wood is a natural, renewable and recyclable resource and it is easier and less energy consuming to process. In addition, at the end of the building or component life-cycle, it can be recycled and reused in many ways. In Romania, construction wood is a local resource almost over the entire territory, so the energy embodied in the transportation process and the expenses it implies are lower. OSB is manufactured from wood strands that can originate from

fast growing trees, even with lower structural properties (poplar for example) or wood waste produced in other industry branches (such as furniture manufacturing), so the final waste is nearly null. Furthermore, the OSB used for our house has no addition of formaldehyde, a major concern regarding the health of the occupants.

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Even if metal is the subject of many sustainability polemics, we have chosen to use it for assembling and disassembling purposes. Metal elements (structural joints and sheet metal for the roof) assure an easier, durable and more precise assembly and disassembly cycle. The lifespan and the potential for unlimited recyclability are arguments that hold the fact that metal is a renewable material.

Clay plaster is used to regulate humidity. Clay-mixtures have been used for plastering or walls for centuries, but in nowadays perception, it is an obsolete material. We try to remind people the great qualities of this material and to encourage them to reconsider any construction possibility in the view of sustainability.

Stone will be used for interior finish both for its aspect and its capacity to store thermal energy, in order to reduce temperature fluctuation throughout the day. Thermal mass will absorb thermal energy when the surroundings are higher in temperature than the mass, and give thermal energy back when the surroundings are cooler.

The health of the inhabitants is a very important point when designing and constructing a building. Therefore, any material involved in the construction process or in the interior design are VOC emissions free.

Energy demands shall be reduced due to the envelope characteristics. Thermal transmittance, both for exterior walls and windows, has been considered so that the energy needs for thermal comfort to be as low as possible in comparison with the expenses. The compact volume of the building and its orientation also enhance the decrease of energy required for cooling or heating.

The house maintenance requires that the exposed wooden parts should be re-coated periodically, every 5 years, depending on the manufacturer specification. The structure was designed so that it will need no maintenance over the targeted lifetime of the house (30 years). The maintenance for the technical equipment of the house is not complicated. For the HVAC system, the dust filters on the heat recovery system should be cleaned once in 3 months and every month the ones on the indoor unit of the air-to-air heat-pump. The sewage pipes and connectors require periodically cleaning (once in 3 months), which can be done mechanically or using cleaning products. Filters from the grey water filtering station can be cleaned with a water jet. The photovoltaic system maintenance implies a periodically water cleaning, depending on the site conditions (climatic, level of pollution, vegetation).


We’ve done a preliminary calculation for the embodied energy of our materials.

MaterialsEnergy

[MJ/kg]Carbon [kg

CO2/kg]mass

[kg]energy

[MJ]CO2

[kg]

OSB 15 0.96 8000 120000 7680

mineral wool 28 1.35 3000 84000 4050

Timber 10 0.72 7150 71500 5148

Glass 15 0.85 1200 18000 1020

Copper 42 2.6 120 5040 312

Stainless Steel 56.7 6.15 3205 181723.5

WindowsMJ/

windowkgCO2/

window

Timber frame 490 25 400 196000 10000

Krypton 510 26 15 7650 390

Paint MJ/mp kgCO2/mp

Solvent paint 97 3.13 500 48500 1565

PV cells MJ/mp kgCO2/mp

4750 242 70 332500 16940

PVC 77.2 28.1 450 34740 12645

PEHD 82 32 120 9840 3840

Plasterboard 6.75 0.38 6000 40500 2280

Placocem 6.5 0.32 2200 14300 704

Wall Finishing 1.8 0.12 805 1449 96.6

Floor Finishing 1.33 0.208 670 891.1 139.36

Sandstone/Tile 29 1.51 157 4553 237.07

Clay 6.5 0.45 2700 17550 1215

MJ: 1064913.5

S= 58.3 [m2]

18266.097 MJ/m2

1508.9kg

CO2/m2

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1. Solar Facilities

Simulations reveal that using a photovoltaic system instead of the national grid energy, we get a net annual GHG emission reduction for Madrid of 3.8 tCO2, the equivalent of a 1633 liters of gasoline not consumed. In Romania, the reduction is around 3.3 tCO2, equivalent to 1418 liters of gasoline.

The energy produced with a PV system does not generate waste and doesn’t have a negative impact on the environment.


2. Equipment

The HVAC equipment was designed to fulfill the indoor air quality, contributing not only to the inhabitants comfort, but also to their health. The hot water will be produced by the solar panels, so it will not involve CO2 emissions. The criteria in choosing the appliances are energy efficiency and low environmental impact.

The air-to-air heat exchanger is a passive solution that ensures the necessary fresh air, working in overpressure to eliminate heating/cooling losses by infiltration. In the summer it acts like a ventilator which introduces the fresh air at a close-to-indoor temperature, whereas in winter, it reaches the indoor climate temperature by transferring heat form exhaust air to fresh air.

The refrigerant is according to European standards; the washing machine has low water consumption and special program for half load. The lighting design takes into consideration both comfort and reduced consumption. We are using LED lighting,

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6. DINNER PARTY MENU


Dinner Party Menu In our desire to keep in line with PRISPA’s overall strategy, we worked around the idea

of fusion cuisine, where the main core is kept strong by traditional autumn ingredients and flavours are suscitated by creative mixes. Of course you’ll find plenty of delicious meals in our cuisine, but during fall you’ll mostly taste aubergines, pumpkins, pears, prunes, nuts, sweet potatoes and grapes. Hope you’ll enjoy!

1st MENU

Starter:Toast with Cow Cheese Pearls and Nuts Toast a slice of white bread, both sides, cut

in 4, top it with a mix of cheese, crushed nuts and fresh marjoram. Sprinkle some salt, pepper, olive oil and fine fiddles of honey.

Toast Bread: 8 slicesCow Cheese*: 2 packs of 200 gramsNuts*: 100 gramsFresh Marjoram: a handful Salt: to seasonPepper: to seasonOlive Oil: to seasonHoney: to season

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Entry:Pumpkin Cream SoupTake a big pot, put in half of pumpkin,

diced, a carrot, some celery, a big onion, fill it with water and bring to boil. Add some sunflower oil, salt, pepper, nutmeg, a small piece of ginger, finely grated, and let in simmer for half an hour. Let it rest to room temperature, take out the vegetables, throw them in the blender with some of the stock until it becomes creamy. Season it to taste. Serve with sour cream and fresh mint.

Pumpkin: 1.5 kg

Carrots: 2Celeriac: 1Onions: 2Sunflower Oil: to season Salt: to seasonPepper: to seasonNutmeg*: to season Ginger: 1 table spoon, freshly grated Cooking Sour Cream*: 1 pack, to season Fresh Mint: a handful, to season


Main:

Stuffed Aubergines with Sweet PotatoesTake one aubergine, cut in half, empty the

inside, dice it small; throw them in a hot oily pan with minced mushrooms, fine sliced green onion, salt and pepper. Stir for 10 minutes then add small slices of bacon. Stir for 2 minutes. Take the pan off the stove, fill the aubergines with the mix, put them in the preheated oven for 25 minutes (in a tray with aluminum foil), take them out sprinkle fine grated cheese, let cook for another 2 minutes. Serve with boiled potatoes, crushed with salt, pepper and butter.

Aubergines: 4 (big)Champignon Mushrooms*: 500 grams Green Onion: 8Salt: to seasonPepper: to season Kaiser Bacon: 500 gramsSunflower Oil: to season Aluminum Foil: 1 roll Yellow Cheese: 400 gramsPotatoes: 8 Butter: to season

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Side:

Parsley Salad5-7 leafs of green salad, chopped with a

handful of fresh parsley, add juice of half lemon, olive oil, salt and pepper.

Green Salad: 2

Parsley: 3 handfuls Olive Oil: to season Lemon: 2Salt: to season Pepper: to season

Dessert:

Quick Twix Dessert:Mix in cold milk with vanilla crème Ole,

add in whipped cream. Slice the bananas and chop the Twix. Take a glass and put in: one layer of bananas, 2 tea spoons of caramel sauce, one layer of twix, fat layer of cream, repeat 3 times. Leave to fridge. Serve cold.

Milk 3.5% fat*: 1 liter Crème Ole dr. Oetker: 3 packs Whipped Cream*: 3 packsBanana: 8 Twix Bar: 8 Caramel Sauce: 300 ml

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2nd MENU

Starter:Toast with Cow Cheese Pearls and Nuts Toast a slice of white bread, both sides, cut in

4, top it with a mix of cheese, crushed nuts and fresh marjoram. Sprinkle some salt, pepper, olive oil and fine fiddles of honey.

Toast Bread: 8 slicesCow Cheese*: 2 packs of 200 gramsNuts*: 100 gramsFresh Marjoram: a handful Salt: to seasonPepper: to seasonOlive Oil: to seasonHoney: to season

Entry:Pumpkin Cream SoupTake a big pot, put in half of pumpkin,

diced, a carrot, some celery, a big onion, fill it with water and bring to boil. Add some sunflower oil, salt, pepper, nutmeg, a small piece of ginger, finely grated, and let in simmer for half an hour. Let it rest to room temperature, take out the vegetables, throw them in the blender with some of the stock until it becomes creamy. Season it to taste. Serve with sour cream and fresh mint.

Pumpkin: 1.5 kg

Carrots: 2Celeriac: 1Onions: 2Sunflower Oil: to season Salt: to seasonPepper: to seasonNutmeg*: to season Ginger: 1 table spoon, freshly grated Cooking Sour Cream*: 1 pack, to season Fresh Mint: a handful, to season


Main:

Sweet Chicken with Pears and Prunes:Cut chicken thighs to cubes and fry them in

a hot pan with butter. When you take them out, put in a ceramic pot on a bed of onion, pears and prunes slices. Add water. You can throw in some grapes as well. Season with salt, pepper and some sunflower oil if necessary. Let 40 minutes to preheated oven. Serve with boiled potatoes, crushed with salt, pepper and butter

.Boneless Chicken Thighs: 1.5 kgButter 82% Fat: 1 pack Onions: 2-3 Pears: 3-4Fresh Prunes: 6Dried Prunes: 6Red Grapes: a bunch Salt: to seasonPepper: to seasonSunflower Oil: to seasonPotatoes: 8 Butter: to season Salt: to season Pepper: to season

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Side:

Rocket Salad:5-7 leafs of green salad, handful of rocket

finely chopped, 2-3 table spoons of sunflower seeds. Add lemon juice, olive oil, salt and pepper.

Green Salad: 2Rocket: 3 handfuls Lemons: 2Sunflower Seeds*: 150 gramsOlive Oil: to season Salt: to season Pepper: to season

Dessert:

Summer Fruit Sauce with Vanilla Ice Cream Buy a bucket of vanilla ice cream. Make the

sauce. Peel the zest of one orange, squeeze the juice of 2 in a simmering pan, add sliced fruits: apricots, peaches, nectarines, 3-4 table spoons of brown sugar, 50 ml of Cointreau or Bourbon, vanilla stick, cinnamon stick and put to oven for 20 minutes. Take it out and let it cool down until it becomes thicker. Serve with scoops of ice cream. Ornate with mint leafs.

Oranges: 4Apricots: 4Nectarines: 4Peaches: 4Brown Sugar: 100 gramsCointreau: 30 mlVanilla: stickCinnamon: 3-4 sticksVanilla ice cream: 1 kg


To Drink for Both Menus:

Sweet-Sour Fruit PunchSqueeze the fruits in a 2 liter pint, add

crushed ice with mint, season with plenty honey, add water. Serve cold.

Lemons: 3

Limes: 3Oranges: 3Yellow grapefruit: 3Pink grapefruit: 3Fresh Mint: a handfulIce: 2 bags

*These ingredients may be subject to food allergies.

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7. CONTEST WEEK TASKS’ PLANNING

Please find the file in “BUC_#6_Contest week tasks planning” in the folder “BUC_AN#7”


8. COST ESTIMATE AND PROJECT FINANCIAL SUMMARY

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PRISPA’s Idea

PRISPA is the designer and builder of the first fully integrated modular solar house in Romania, addressing a growing demand for affordable living with a reduced environmental impact and lower monthly expenditures. With the European targets to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 2020, a new market segment within the European housing industry has developed. As technology has advanced in the past years, the solar homes trend is starting to be available not only for higher-income homes but for those with average incomes likewise; moreover, using the efficiencies of modular construction and that of local Romanian materials our company can make green features available without a high price tag. Construction costs/sqm can range from €1090 in Romania up to €6690 in France; our approach costs €974/sqm and offers a higher level of sustainability, speed, and continual savings on utility bills.

PRISPA sets new standards for the modular industry, offering a home that is not only affordable, but also offers a healthier indoor t, a lower environmental impact and combines contemporary technologies with centuries old design and building techniques. Specifically, PRISPA will reduce natural resource use and construction waste, increase energy and water efficiency, and improve indoor air quality.

Other companies offer comparable products (quite successfully), but there are very few based in CEE (companies here are mainly offering raw materials for houses being built in Western Europe) and few in Europe that put such a strong emphasis on marketing like PRISPA. Location in relation to costs proves to be an advantage, with costs of labor and raw materials being lower in Romania, wood factories and suppliers being in the proximity and thus reducing both carbon footprint and costs related to transports.

Moreover because of the production taking place in Romania, PRISPA can address both markets in South-Western Europe and likewise markets in the Middle East.

The business model is highly scalable; more factories can be added to produce more homes as the business grows.

PRISPA’s Objectives

In Phase One of our business, we will build the prototype which throughout the month of July 2012 will be showcased in front of the Leroy Merlin commercial center in Bucharest, Romania (estimate of 50.000 visitors and potential Romanian customers). As the founding enterprise of the GROUPE ADEO, Leroy Merlin specializes in sales of products and solutions for constructions and housing. To keep our startup costs low and allow us to fund our business we have developed a partnership with Leroy Merlin for this phase, receiving materials for the prototype as barters/sponsorship from LM’s collaborators. Moreover in this phase we will sign a partnership with a Romanian factory to build our PRISPA houses, other than the prototype.

Next, in the month of September our team will compete in Solar Decathlon Europe, hosted this year in Madrid, Spain. Our target is to win this competition and sell the PRISPA house to the half of million visitors in Villa Solar, Madrid. For this phase we need to attract 100.000 EUR in barter, angel investment or sponsorship.

In Phase Two we want to set up the operations line and sell & deliver minimum 3 houses monthly. The only possible scenario we consider at this moment is working with partner factories. The investment for developing our own factory and operations plant at this phase is too costly and risky. On the long term the scenario of choice will be determined by our sales and the investors involved


in PRISPA. For the scenario of developing our own plant we will need to attract an estimate of $4,000,000, while for the second scenario the amount needed is significantly less.

For this phase also our young management team will be paired with a strong advisory team in order to grow this venture as a business entity that builds and sells homes directly to customers. In addition, this startup is being supported by the collaborative work of the Ion Mincu Architecture University in Bucharest, the Polytechnic University and the Construction University in Bucharest.

PRISPA’s Mission Statement

We are committed to the idea of sustainability realized through implementation of a triple bottom line: achieving financial, social, and environmental goals. We foster the rural life in Romania and throughout the targeted countries and bring to the public attention all the advantages that come with it.

1.Strengths

Overall strategy of PRISPA: lower prices and massive marketingThe competitive advantages of PRISPA rest in creating value for the customer through better

service, product differentiation, and lower prices. PRISPA is breaking down the traditional production process in an existing industry to offer green homes at a lower price. Combining this with a strong marketing plan and contemporary marketing channels and solutions (social media, mobile apps, strong brand) adds to our house’s potential to become a mainstream housing solution.

Young, motivated and dynamic management teamWith the qualification for Solar Decathlon Europe 2012, the objective of the young core

team of PRISPA formed by 50 students and young specialists is to win the competition and see the project implemented and the business running. Thus remuneration becomes a second level motivation, ensuring lower costs generated with wages in the first year, while having the same outcome as if subcontractors or experienced personnel working on the project. Moreover on the medium/long term our team of young dynamic self learners can come up with better solutions, systems, services and team dynamics.

High quality sustainable productThe design for PRISPA is a stylish, progressive aesthetic, making a statement as a beautiful

place to live as well as an environmentally conscious lifestyle. Moreover modular construction will lower production costs and green design will lower life-cycle operating costs. PRISPA homes will be constructed dramatically faster than traditionally built homes. Modular construction, the high degree of prefabrication and green features combine into great cost savings potential for the homeowner. Moreover the PRISPA house has a positive energy balance over one year.

Local raw materials and work forceBy using local raw materials and local workforce, PRISPA reduces its production costs by

about 20%.

240 PRISPA team

Intellectual propertyIntellectual property protection is not a concern for PRISPA, though we have registered the

trademark. Designs are copyrighted once stamped by a licensed architect. This does open up the possibility of licensing our designs to other builders in order to build brand recognition and expand the business in the future.

High partner participationPRISPA has developed strong durable partnerships with several key partners: Leroy Merlin

Romania, Habitat for Humanity Romania, Eco House, UTCB (Constructions University), Sunerg, Saint Gobain, Kronospan. Moreover we have attracted a significant number of Advisors and Ambassadors such as: Local Council, Ministry of Tourism, National Architects Association, Romanian Cultural Institute, Romanian Green Building Council and the national media.

2. Weaknesses

Lack of experiencePRISPA’s current management team is a visionary, skilled, soon to be award-winning group.

However, there is specific industry experience lacking from the core team. To counter this dilemma, outside resources and experts will be relied upon for guidance.

Price uncertaintyOur price and market projections reflect our best estimates but are based on a fair amount

of uncertainty. Our profit margin will allow for some flexibility as we approach the milestones in our execution plan. As our projections become more concrete, all figures, financial projections and milestones will be updated accordingly. It can be expected that as first time green home builders, our cost estimates can run 10% higher.

Half needed funding so far

With an estimate of about 150.000 EUR raised so far, the PRISPA team still needs 100.000 EUR to get through the first Phase. PRISPA will initially require an additional 300,000 in angel investment for the first year to set up the physical presence of the business and getting the business running. The sooner we get the business running the faster we will not require capital to begin home construction because this cost is passed directly to the customers. The money will be used to cover for building the prototype, transporting it and the team from Bucharest to Madrid and then back, raw materials cots, marketing, administrative and staff wages mainly.

3. Opportunities

Environmental trendinessThe current consumer trend towards environmentally-friendly products could be a definite

opportunity for PRISPA. Though the current fervor over green products may lessen with time, consumers will continue to operate with a certain level of environmentalism ingrained into their behavior.

Rising energy pricesThe operation of homes, which includes space heating and cooling, water heating and

appliances, can be very energy intensive. This is translating into shifting consumer preferences as consumers become more sensitive to the rising and fluctuating price of energy. Price fluctuations and increases are most apparent in natural gas.


4. Threats

Current housing market slumpBorrowers asking for large mortgages or those with poor credit are still facing a tighter

lending environment. The bright news is that though sales in overall Europe are falling, the customers we target, mainly young employed people are not facing these problems nor these trends. PRISPA is well positioned to survive this market downturn due to its overall lower price. Additionally a tight market can also favor a startup that is agile, flexible and has little overhead, as compared to larger companies with greater liabilities.

PRISPA is a new prefabricated home that combines clean, modern technologies with traditional materials and designs. It is an affordable home. It was designed by a staff of over 60 young professionals. PRISPA offers 1 bedroom, 1 bath, 1 living and kitchen and 80 square meters. Comfortable. Conscious. Complete :97,530 eur, including a lifetime of happiness.

We’re using high volume, factory production to increase the quality of our homes as we reduce their cost, schedule, and construction waste, compared to those that are similarly constructed on site.

Comfortable. Built mostly using wood, PRISPA is all warm and comfy, and meets the western quality standards of living!

Accessible. The price includes: all hard costs (finishes, fixtures, photovoltaics, etc.)and permit ready drawings. Not included: transportation, installation, foundation, permit costs, site prep, specialty agency review.

Easy to build. Factory-built houses result in a better built and higher performing building than on-site built homes. Moreover compared to on-site construction modular construction takes a fraction of time to build (estimated 1 month for the whole production).

Adaptability. PRISPA is suitable for both singles and small families, new modules can be easily added.

Easily integrated in any context. Our house is suitable for land owners in both urban and rural areas. The house can be easily and with minimal costs adapted to weather conditions and climate in various countries.

The materials used in PRISPA are:- Recyclable- Locally made- Sustainable- Energy efficient- Considerable Value/ Price

The systems used in PRISPA are:- Energy efficient- Water efficient

242 PRISPA team

Target Groups

We chose our target groups according to their age, income and professional area, which are all linked up to a certain point.

Families of 40 to 60 years oldIn this category, we are targeting those families that have reached professional, economic

and social maturity. They either have a steady, good working place or are close to retirement and their children have moved by themselves or have left home for studies. The general tendency for this target group is to invest in a new home, away from urban chaos, where they go on vacations and eventually move in after retirement. Two common scenarios are choosing a place in the countryside, but still close enough to the city for the ease of transport, or rebuilding on the village properties they inherited from their parents. Why shouldn’t PRISPA meet their needs? We offer comfort, a decent amount of living space and the technology to make them feel that they have worked all their lives to benefit of something different, all in an environment which, being quiet and close to nature, is usually what people this age need to feel at ease. Adding the fact that most of them were brought up in the countryside, there shouldn’t be any impediments.

Families of 25 to 40 year oldThey are involved in providing good life-conditions for their children, so they need a

generous flexible space for a good price, a healthy and safe environment for their children and the possibility of having a steady income while still having time for family and social life. The PRISPA house is a perfect example when it comes to balance between minimum necessary space, contemporary comfort and price. The architectural footprint is about 70 sq m, including all the functions one family needs (living room, dining room, kitchen, bathroom, reading/working space, bedroom, storage space) with the possibility of adding another module or dividing the existent area depending on their needs. If it is set in a location rather close to an urban area so that they have access to good services, PRISPA should suit them well.

Young professionals (20 to 35 year old)We mainly target those individuals who want to live in the countryside (time-distance not

being a problem nowadays). Reasons for that are plenty. They could have a rural background or want to try a healthy lifestyle (while having the kind of job that could be easily done at home), or their professional abilities enable them to be extremely useful in the rural environment.

These are the group ages we consider, but our project aims for sustainability, not only in terms of ecology. We want to shape a mentality, so we also target students and children. Of course, they don’t have a defined place in our marketing strategy, but we should keep in mind that they are our future target. The way we educate them now will reflect in our future success in the Real Estate Market.


Fund-Raising Strategy

As the following graphic shows, the budget PRISPA is spread in 7 main categories:

Construction materialsStaffCommunication materialsNational logisticsMadrid logisticsAssurancesUnexpected costs

244 PRISPA team

PRISPA has a dedicated fundraising team. PRISPA’s fundraising process is explained in the following steps:

Step 1 – Services

The fundraising developed as the project developed and in a natural way we prioritized obtaining the immediately needed resources. As the project started in 2011, we convinced a few partners to provide services (e.g. law services, consultancy, travelling, tools, trainings, spaces for working).

Step 2 – Fundraising

In the summer of 2011, as the PRISPA Association was founded, we applied for a grant from the Romanian Order of Architects and the project was selected after a competition to be financed with around 5.000 Euros.

We then prepared the fundraising material that included a presentation of the project, the events we participated at, the partners that we had so far and different possibilities of sponsoring our project. We identified the construction companies in the market and contacted one after another to present the project and propose partnerships. We convinced some companies to join.

Step 3 – Accelerating the fundraising

An important step was the partnership with the store Leroy Merlin that proposed an important commitment: if we prove to be very professional (to finish the drawings and the complete list of necessary materials fast and to show a realistic schedule for the remaining months), they would host the PRISPA house in their parking lot for 2 months (including assembly and disassembly) and promote the project to all their partners and suppliers. This is how our project was motivated to develop fast until the end of 2012. During the month of January we divided the entire project and a significant number of team members contacted most of the suppliers on the market to ask for offers in the first time, so that we could decide what products we prefer, and then to present the project. We also made some partnerships that would assure good visibility in the remaining period (participation to all the main fairs in Bucharest and also other cities, participation to the main events in Bucharest and other cities and media partnerships).

On the 21st of February, together with Leroy Merlin, we presented the project and sponsorship opportunities to around 50 company representatives (Leroy Merlin partners and also companies we contacted recently). Immediately after the presentation, we organised 10 tables for discussions and signing a draft contract as a symbolic commitment that they will follow-up and try to sponsor us according to what we discussed. This is how we managed to obtained, fast, most of the materials needed for the house.

Having an important number of companies that were already sponsoring our project, the negotiation with the others was easier, with some exceptions of companies that saw a direct competition already sponsoring our project


Step 4 – Making sure everything is covered and going for big partnerships

We now have a list of things in the house still not covered and we are trying to obtain them as fast as possible.

We also identified a few grants that we are preparing to apply for.We are concentrating in motivating our actual partners to be involved in the project and

to support it further with additional sponsorship, with recommendation to some of their collaborators, advertising. We want them to feel like they are also part of the PRISPA team.

In the present we have almost all the necessary materials for constructing the house, and we are missing the resources to travel to Madrid with the house and the team. The visibility offered in Madrid is also something that most of the Romanian companies are not interested in, so the challenge to convince companies to support our journey to Madrid is even bigger.

Here are some points we’re working on:We discussed with the 2 main gas companies in Romania to provide all the gas needed for

the internal and international transport. We plan to discuss with Michelin to sponsor us with tires that we can use as an exchange value with the transporters. When we have these 2 answers we can restart the negotiations with the transporters, offering the gas and tires so that their costs would get lower and the sponsorship will become possible.

The Cultural Romanian Institute, the Romanian Embassy in Spain and the Habitat for Humanity international network are also looking for ways to help us find accommodation in Madrid.

We are also trying to develop a financial strategy for industrialization and to sell the prototype after we come back from Solar Decathlon Europe. If we would sell it and obtain the money before Solar Decathlon Europe 2012, we would be covered with the entire budget and we would have a destination for the prototype after the competition.

Cost Estimate of the Project

A complete and accurate estimation of the whole budget for that will be involved with PRISPA project is presented in the Annex 8. Project Budget.

Our team has also done budget estimation for the industrialization scenarios of PRISPA house. Please see Annex 8. Industrialization Budget.

246 PRISPA team

248 PRISPA team

9. DETAILED WATER BUDGET

PRISPA team

Solar Decathlon Europe 2012

10. ELECTRIC AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CHART

PRISPA team

ELECTRICAL AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CHART

UNIVERSITY: “Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism in Bucharest (UAUIM);Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB); University Politehnica ofBucharest (UPB)TEAM: PRISPA TEAM

GENERAL ELECTRICAL AND PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATIONS:- Electrical supply voltage (phase-neutral) for which both installations have beendesigned (unit: V) – 230V- Electrical supply frequency for which both installations have been designed (unit:Hz) – 50Hz

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION:

- House inner surface (unit: m2) – 56.87 (60) m2

- Expected maximum power (unit: W) – Installed power = 25.000W, Consumption power = 10.000W

- Individual branch:o Type of cable – CYAbYo Cross-section (unit: mm2) – 16mm2

- General magnetothermic protection:o Nominal current (unit: A) – 63 Ao Circuit-breaking capacity (unit: A) – 10 000 A

- General differential protection:o Nominal current (unit: A) – 63Ao Sensibility / Trip value (unit: mA) – 300mA

- Use of DC loads:o DC operating voltage (unit: V) -o Rated power of aggregated DC loads (unit: W) –

PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATION:- Nominal power of the inverter, or sum of the nominal power of inverters in caseseveral inverters are used) (unit: W) – 8000 W- Brand and model of inverter(s) – SMA SMC 8000TL

HARD-WIRED BATTERY BANK + BATTERY INVERTER:- Nominal operation DC voltage of the battery bank (unit: V) – N/A- Nominal capacity of the battery bank (unit: Ah) – N/A- Nominal power of the battery inverter (unit: W) – N/A- Brand – N/A

254 PRISPA team

11. CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS


Table of Contents01 Structure 01 Foundation 02 Structural floors and sections02 Architecture 01 Enclosure Isover Rheinzink

02 Openings 1Velux 2Lapella 3Roto 4Gold tools 5Saint Gobain 6Lifetime

03 Partitions 1Rigips 04 Finishings 2Naturalpain 3Weber 4Nanophos

05 Appliances Electrolux Hansgrohe Philips

06 Furnishings Alveus Cersanit Schweighofer03 System Installations

01 Fire Suppression 02 Plumbing 03 HVAC Fita Teknik HALCOR Heat X P3ductal Samsung Wolf

04 Electrical Eaton 05 Solar Systems – PV and Thermal PV sSolar Thermal

256 PRISPA team

FOR THE CONSTRUCTIONS SPECIFICATIONS PACKAGE,

PLEASE SEE “BUC_PM#7_13.Construction Specifications”

PRISPA team

12. SITE OPERATIONS Report

7

Truck number

Unit Name Estimated

Weight [kg] Observations

Truck #1 parts for the lifting frame approx. 780

foundations approx. 120

tool boxes

materials for site organizing and H&S

other stacked materials

TOTAL (known) 900

ESTIMATED TOTAL (known + unknown)

1440

Truck #2 lower module approx. 8000 contains additional stacked materials inside

TOTAL (known) -


8000

Truck #3 upper module approx. 7000 contains additional stacked materials inside

TOTAL (known) -


7000

Truck #4 platform panel #1 approx. 860

platform panel #2 approx. 860



Wall panel West #1 approx. 600

Wall panel East #1 approx. 450






8

TOTAL (known) 6910


10365

Truck #5 Wall panel South 1 approx. 800

Wall panel South 2 approx. 500

Interior lower wall panel approx. 650

Interior upper wall panel approx. 550

Vestibule wall panel East approx. 300

Vestibule wall panel West approx. 300

Vestibule wall panel South approx. 400

Vestibule platform approx. 300

South top beam approx. 300

Posts and beam in the porch approx. 150

Porch platform #1 approx. 240




TOTAL (known) 4430


6202

Truck #6 Roof panel #1 approx. 1650

Roof panel #2 approx. 1650




TOTAL (known) 6600


9240

55

N/A Floor stone approx. 1250 N/A Zinc sheets for the roof approx. N/A

N/A Landscape arrengements materials approx. N/A

N/A PVs approx. 525

N/A Solar panels approx. 260

N/A Furniture approx. N/A

N/A Appliences approx. N/A

N/A Plaster boards approx. N/A

N/AMaterials for interior and exterior finishigs approx.

N/A

N/A Parts for the ligting frame approx. N/A

N/A Extinguishers approx. N/A

N/A First aid kit approx. N/A

N/A Water tanks approx. N/A

N/A Exterior and interior HVAC units approx. N/A

N/A Lightings approx. N/A

N/AOSB parts for interior and exterior cladding of panels' jonction approx.

N/A

N/APlacocem parts for interior and exterior cladding of panels' jonction approx.

N/A

N/ARigips parts for interior and exterior cladding of panels' jonction approx.

N/A

N/A Paint and tools for painting approx. N/A

N/A Clay and tools for it approx. N/A

N/A Wood floor approx. N/A

N/A Northern storage elements approx. N/A

N/A Windows approx. N/A

N/A Replacing elements, components approx. N/A

N/A Tools, details for house atmosphere approx. N/A

N/A Doors and doors connection elements approx. N/A

56

N/A Plinth approx. N/A

N/A Stairs approx. N/A

N/A House laterals (6 pieces) approx. N/A

57

Truck #1 Parts for the lifting frame Truck #1 Foundations

Truck #2 Lower module

Truck #3 Upper module

Truck #4 Platform panel #1




Truck #4 Wall panel West #1

Truck #4 Wall panel East #1





Truck #5 Wall panel South 1

Truck #5 Wall panel South 2

Truck #5 Interior lower wall panel

Truck #5 Interior upper wall panel

Truck #5 Vestibule wall panel East

Truck #5 Vestibule wall panel West

Truck #5 Vestibule wall panel South

Truck #5 Vestibule platform

Truck #5 South top beam

Truck #5 Posts and beam in the porch

Truck #5 Porch platform #1


58


Truck #6 Roof panel #1




59

TIME CHART FOR TRANSPORT INSIDE VILLA SOLAR - ASSEMBLY

Transport number

TIME OF ARRIVAL TIME OF DEPARTURE

DATE TIME DATE TIME

transport #1 31 st of August 12:15 31 st of August 15:50

#1



transport #4 31 st of August 2050 1 st of September 04:15

transport #5 1 st of September 04:30 1 st of September 12:40

transport #6 1 st of September 12:55 1 st of September 20:10

TIME CHART FOR TRANSPORT INSIDE VILLA SOLAR - DISASSEMBLY

Transport number

TIME OF ARRIVAL TIME OF DEPARTURE

DATE TIME DATE TIME

transport #1 1 st of October 12:15 1 st of October 20:40

#1 4 th of October 03:35 4 th of October 07:55

transport #2 4 th of October 02:20 4 th of October 03:35

transport #3 4 th of October 00:50 4 th of October 02:05

transport #4 3 rd of October 18:50 3 rd of October 23:50



60

TIME CHART FOR CRANE – ASSEMBLY

Machinery Start time Finish time Number of hours usage

DATE TIME DATE TIME

Crane usage 31 st of August 17:05 31 st of August 19:50 2:45h

Position outside the lot

31 st of August 21:35 1 st of September 04:00 6:25h

1 st of September 05:00 1 st of September 15:40 7:40h

16:45h

TIME CHART FOR CRANE - DISASSEMBLY

Machinery Start time Finish time Number of hours usage

DATE TIME DATE TIME

Crane usage 3 rd of October 06:35 3 rd of October 00:00 17:25h

4 th of October 00:00 4 th of October 03:20 3:20h

20:45h

NAME CONTACT

[email protected] Bortnowski: +40 0753 759 [email protected]+40 0753 759 [email protected]+40 0761 916 189

PHASE

BRIEF DESCRIPTION (include assembly

system, crane, trucks, other

machinery, etc...)

MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT

RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES DURATION

1 Shift 1

Truck/Transport #1 arrives; workers unload materials; workers mark various areas; workers set up the storage area, waste bin area, tents, generator, nightlights, tool boxes, packed scaffolds; workers assembly exterior mobile scaffold; workers assembly lifting frame; workers mark the house axis and positions of adjustable steel supports; workers position the foundations for the transportable modules; crane arrives; Truck/Transport #1 leaves. Truck/Transport #2 arrives, rigger attacheses the lower module to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the lower module from truck/transport #2 and brings it near on its final position, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the lower module to the final position; Truck/Transport #2 leaves. Truck/Transport #3 arrives, rigger attacheses the upper module to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the upper module from truck/transport #3 and brings it near on its final position, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the upper module to the final position; Truck/Transport #3 leaves.

generator, nightlights, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, lifting frame, crane.

9 workers; names of workers listed in the table "Workers on site - Shift 1" in "Shift 1" section for Assembly in H&S Plan, point B.5.a

8 hours; START: 31st of Aug, 12:00; FINISH: 31st of Aug, 20:00.

2 Shift 2

Workers position the foundations for the platform panels. Truck/Transport #4 arrives; crane/workers unloading of stacked materials; rigger attacheses the platform panel/wall panel to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structral panel from truck/transport #4 and brings it near on its final position, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the platform panel/wall panel to the final position. Procedure repeats for the all of the 4 platforms panels and all of the 6 wall panels (East and West walls of the house). Truck/Transport #4 leaves.

generator, nightlights, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, crane.


8 hours; START: 31st of Aug, 20:15; FINISH: 1st of Sep, 04:15.

3 Shift 3

Truck/Transport #5 arrives; crane/workers unload stacked materials; rigger attacheses the structural elements (lower/upper interior wall, south wall panels, top south beam) to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural elements from truck/transport #5 and brings it near on their final position, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements to the final position. Workers position the foundations for the porch. rigger attaches the structural elements (porch platforms, vestibule walls) to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural elements from truck/transport #5 and brings it near on their final position, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements to the final position; workers assembly the scaffold along the south facade; workers place the studs and the beam of the porch; Truck/Transport #5 leaves. Crane leaves.

generator, nightlights, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, crane.


9 hours; START: 1st of Sep, 04:30; FINISH: 1st of Sep, 12:30.

4 Shift 4

Truck/Transport #6 arrives; crane/workers unload stacked materials; rigger attaches the roof panels to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural panel from truck/transport #6 and brings it near on their final position, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements to the final position; after the first roof panel is in position, workers attach safety hand rail to the side of it; after the last roof panel is in position, workers attach safety hand rail to the side of it; Truck/Transport #6 leaves; workers place the windows into their position; workers assembly the lateral extesions (roof E and W, back north E and W, platform E and W); workers assembly the northern storage.

tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, crane.


7 hours, 40 min; START: 1st of Sep, 12:35; FINISH: 1st of Sep, 20:15.

5 Shift 5

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: electrics (connections of wires), completion of zinc sheeting on the roof, placing of the solar panels, connection of pipes, connection of air ducts, mounting of exterior and interior air conditioning units and also the necessary pipes connecting them, PVs start to be mounted on the roof.

OSB, Rigips, Placocem, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, ladders.


9 hours; START: 2nd of Sep, 08:00; FINISH: 2nd of Sep, 17:00.

6 Shift 6

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: mounting of PVs on the roof ends, the exterior finishings start to be repaired/applied, the interior finishings start to be repaired/applied.

OSB, Rigips, Placocem, clay, paint, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, ladders.


9 hours; START: 3rd of Sep, 08:00; FINISH: 3rd of Sep, 17:00.

7 Shift 7

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: the PV system on the roof is checked, the last parts of zinc sheets for the roof and the side of the roof are placed; the interior finishings are repaired/applied; scaffolds are dismantled; landscape arrangements start to be placed.

OSB, Rigips, Placocem, clay, paint, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, ladders.


9 hours; START: 4th of Sep, 08:00; FINISH: 4th of Sep, 17:00.

8 Shift 8

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: the flooring inside the house is completed; installing the furniture inside the house; site and house cleanup; truck/transport #1 arrives; workers load all the site materials that not necessary; truck/transport #1 leaves.

tool boxes


9 hours; START: 5th of Sep, 08:00; FINISH: 5th of Sep, 17:00.

1 Shift 1

truck/transport #1 arrives; workers unload all the materials that for site preparation and necessary for the future works; truck/transport #1 leaves.Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: uninstalling the furniture inside the house; the flooring inside the house is dismantled; interior scaffolding is assembled.

generator, nightlights, tool boxes, interior mobile scaffold, ladders.

7 workers; names of workers listed in the table "Workers on site - Shift 1" in "Shift 1" section for Disassembly in H&S Plan, point B.5.a

8 hours, 40 min; START: 1st of Oct, 12:00; FINISH: 1st of Oct, 20:40.

2 Shift 2

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: landscape arrangements are dismantled; exterior scaffolding is assembled; safety hand rail is installed on the roof; zinc sheets from the roof are removed to permit the uninstalling of PVs; finishing near the joinings of structural elements is removed

generator, nightlights, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, ladders.


9 hours; START: 1st of Oct, 20:40; FINISH: 2nd of Oct, 05:40.

3 Shift 3

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: PVs start to be removed, disconnecting of pipes, uninstalling of air conditioner units, disconnectiing air ducts



8 hours, 50 min; START: 2nd of Oct, 05:40; FINISH: 2nd of Oct, 14:30.

4 Shift 4 Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: removal of the PVs is finished.



8 hours, 20 min; START: 2nd of Oct, 14:30 FINISH: 2nd of Oct, 22:50.

5 Shift 5

Workers from each team/speciality undergo specific tasks: removal of solar panels, zink sheets and parts are removed form the roof, roof is prepared for disassembly, disconnecting the electrical connections; workers disassembly the lateral extensions of the house and the northern storage area; uninstalling th windows; Crane arrives and positions itself; truck/transport #6 arrives; rigger attaches the roof panel #4 to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural panel from its assebled position and brings it near on their final position in the truck/transport #6, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements into truck/transport #6. before the roo panel #4 is disassembled, the safety hand rail on it is removed.

generator, nightlights, tool boxes, exterior mobile scaffold, interior mobile scaffold, scaffold along the south façade, ladders, crane


8 hours, 40 min; START: 2nd of Oct, 22:50 FINISH: 3rd of Oct, 07:30.

6 Shift 6

Rigger attaches the roof panels to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural panel from its assebled position and brings it near on their final position in the truck/transport #6, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements into truck/transport #6; before the last roof panel is disassembled, the safety hand rail on it is removed; crane/workers load truck/transport #6 with stacked materials for site; truck/transport #6 leaves. Truck/transport #5 arrives; porch beam and porch studs are disassembled and loaded into truck/transport #5; rigger attaches the structural elements (porch platforms, vestibule walls) to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural elements from their assembled position and brings them near on their final position in the truck/transport #5, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements into truck/transport #5.



8 hours; START: 3rd of Oct, 07:30 FINISH: 3rd of Oct, 15:30.

7 Shift 7

Workers dismantle porch foundations; rigger attaches the structural elements (top south beam, south wall panels, lower/upper interior wall) to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural elements from their assembled position and brings them near on their final position in the truck/transport #5, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements into truck/transport #5; crane/workers load truck/transport #5 with stacked materials from site; truck/transport #5 leaves; interior scaffolding is disassembled; truck/transport #4 arrives; rigger attaches the platform panel/wall panel to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural elements from their assembled position and brings them near on their final position in the truck/transport #4, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural elements into truck/transport #4; truck/transport #4 leaves.

crane


8 hours, 20 min; START: 3rd of Oct, 15:30 FINISH: 3rd of Oct, 23:50.

8 Shift 8

Truck/transport #3 arrives; rigger attaches the upper module to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural unit from its assembled position and brings it near on its final position in the truck/transport #3, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural unit into truck/transport #3; crane/workers load truck/transport #3 with stacked materials from site; truck/transport #3 leaves; truck/transport #2 arrives; rigger attaches the lower module to the crane's hook, crane moves/lifts the structural unit from its assembled position and brings it near on its final position in the truck/transport #2, workers approach and make fine adjusments as the crane lowers the structural unit into truck/transport #2; crane/workers load truck/transport #2 with stacked materials from site; truck/transport #2 leaves; truck/transport #1 arrives; disconnecting electrical connections for site installations; loadinf the generator, nightlights, tool boxes and the rest of materials into truck/transport #1; site cleanup; truck/transport #1 leaves.


8 workers; names of workers listed in the table "Workers on site - Shift " in "Shift 8" section for Disassembly in H&S Plan, point B.5.a

8 hours, 10 min; START: 3rd of Oct, 23:50 FINISH: 4th of Oct, 08:00.

TYPE IF TRUCKS (special or regular) TONNAGE (total) DIMENSION

1 Truck - 6 meter long regular truck approx. 1.44 tones 2.45 m x 2.65 m x 6 m (total ≈ 8.5 m)

2 Mega with tarpaulin regular truck approx. 8.00 tones 2.45 m x 3.00 m x 12 m (max 16.5 m)

3 Standard with tarpaulin regular truck approx. 7.00 tones 2.45 m x 2.70 m x 12 m (max 16.5 m)




TYPE TONNAGE MAXIMUM LOAD LOAD TYPE USAGE TIME

Assembly: 17 houresDisassembly: 21 houres

BRIEF DESCRIPTION TONNAGE MAXIMUM LENGH TO CARY UNLOADING DURATION

lower module ….…….…………………………..… 8.00 t 9.5 m 20 minutesupper module ……….…………………………..… 7.00 t 9.5 m 30 minutesplatform panel #1 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 13.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #2 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 14.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #3 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 15.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #4 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 16.5 m 15 minutesWall panel West #1 …………………….………... 0.60 t 15.5 m 15 minutesWall panel East #1 ……..………….…………….. 0.45 t 19 m 15 minutesWall panel West #2 …………….………………... 0.90 t 13 m 15 minutesWall panel East #2 ……..……….……………….. 0.90 t 17.5 m 15 minutesWall panel East #3 ……..………….…………….. 0.30 t 11 m 15 minutesWall panel West #3 ………………….…………... 0.32 t 16 m 15 minutesInterior lower wall panel …………..…………...… 0.65 t 16 m 20 minutesInterior upper wall panel ……………….……...… 0.55 t 16 m 20 minutesWall panel South 1 ……………….………………. 0.80 t 11.5 m 20 minutesWall panel South 2 ……………….………………. 0.50 t 14 m 20 minutesSouth top beam ..…………………………………. 0.30 t 12.5 m 20 minutesPorch platform #1 …………………………..….… 0.24 t 10 m 15 minutesPorch platform #2 …………………………..….… 0.12 t 12 m 15 minutesPorch platform #3 …………………………..….… 0.12 t 14 m 15 minutesVestibule wall panel East ……………….………. 0.30 t 10 m 15 minutesVestibule wall panel West ………….….……….. 0.30 t 10 m 15 minutesVestibule wall panel South …………..….…….… 0.40 t 10 m 15 minutesRoof panel #1 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 14 m 20 minutesRoof panel #2 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 14.5 m 20 minutesRoof panel #3 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 15.5 m 20 minutesRoof panel #4 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 16.5 m 20 minutes

5 Shift 5 -6 Shift 6 -7 Shift 7 -8 Shift 8 -

BRIEF DESCRIPTION TONNAGE MAXIMUM LENGH TO CARY LOADING DURATION

1 Shift 1 -2 Shift 2 -3 Shift 3 -4 Shift 4 -5 Shift 5 Roof panel #4 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 16.5 m 20 minutes

Roof panel #3 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 15.5 m 20 minutesRoof panel #2 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 14.5 m 20 minutesRoof panel #1 …………………………………….. 1.65 t 14 m 20 minutesVestibule wall panel East ……………….………. 0.30 t 10 m 15 minutesVestibule wall panel West ………….….……….. 0.30 t 10 m 15 minutesVestibule wall panel South …………..….…….… 0.40 t 10 m 15 minutesPorch platform #1 …………………………..….… 0.24 t 14 m 15 minutesPorch platform #2 …………………………..….… 0.12 t 12 m 15 minutesPorch platform #3 …………………………..….… 0.12 t 10 m 15 minutesSouth top beam ..…………………………………. 0.30 t 12.5 m 20 minutesWall panel South 1 ……………….………………. 0.80 t 14 m 20 minutesWall panel South 2 ……………….………………. 0.50 t 11.5 m 20 minutesInterior lower wall panel …………..…………...… 0.65 t 16 m 20 minutesInterior upper wall panel ……………….……...… 0.55 t 16 m 20 minutesWall panel West #3 ………………….…………... 0.32 t 16 m 15 minutesWall panel East #3 ……..………….…………….. 0.30 t 11 m 15 minutesWall panel East #2 ……..……….……………….. 0.90 t 17.5 m 15 minutesWall panel West #2 …………….………………... 0.90 t 13 m 15 minutesWall panel East #1 ……..………….…………….. 0.45 t 19 m 15 minutesWall panel West #1 …………………….………... 0.60 t 15.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #4 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 16.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #3 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 15.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #2 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 14.5 m 15 minutesplatform panel #1 ………...……..…………….… 0.86 t 13.5 m 15 minutesupper module ……….…………………………..… 7.00 t 9.5 m 30 minuteslower module ….…….…………………………..… 8.00 t 9.5 m 20 minutes

8 Shift 8 - - -

TYPE VOLUM

1 wood elements, OSB 0.5 m3

2 rigips, placocem 0.5 m3

3 leftovers due to work on wet finishings (plastering, paint, etc)

1.5 m3

4 screws, zinc sheets leftovers <0.5 m3

5 food waste ( + plastic bottles) 2.0 m3

6 plastics 2.0 m3

7 paper related products 1.0 m3

DISSASSEMBLY

TEAM

CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

SITE OPERATIONS COORDINATOR

1. GENERAL DESCRPTION OF THE SITE OPERATIONS

0. GENERAL

INFORMATION

5. WASTE MATERIALS

OTHER RELEVANT INFORMATIONS

4. MODULES AND MAIN COMPONENTS

DIASSEMBLY

2. VEHICLES (Trucks,

vans, cars, etc…)

3. CRANE (if

necessary)

ASSEMBLY

Irina Mot

Catalin Caraza

PRISPA (Bucharest, Romania)

1Truck-mounted crane

Liebherr LTM 1040 2.1 - 8.00 tones transportable module

ASSEMBLY

1 Shift 1

Shift 22

Shift 44

Shift 33

Shift 66

7 Shift 7

NOTE: Values indicated for the volume of waste represent ''garbage space'' - values are approximated ussing garbage bins of 0.5 m3. The indicated values are not for ''compacted'' waste.

PRISPA team

13. HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN

A. HEALTH & SAFETY DRAWINGS

Index of drawings

HS-001 - H&S in the lot and surroundings; Shifts AS01, AS02, D8;

HS-002 - H&S in the lot; Shifts AS04, AS05, D7,D6,D5;

HS-003 - H&S in the lot; Shifts AS05, AS06, AS07, AS08, D4, D3, D2, D1;

HS-101 - H&S during Outside Logistics;

HS-201 - Inside logistics; Shifts AS01, AS02, D8;

HS-202 - Interior logistics; Shifts AS04, AS05, D7,D6,D5;

HS-203 - Interior logistics; Shifts AS05, AS06, AS07, AS08, D4, D3, D2, D1;

HS-204 - Interior logistics; H&S Area for the team;

SO-301 - Working on the roof (1)




SO-305 - Maintenance Working on the roof;

SO-306 - Maintenance working in the technical room

H&S Documents #6 - pag. 1

B. HEALTH & SAFETY REPORT

Index of the report

1. Health and Safety plan Precedents and Aim

2. General data of the project

3. Health and Safety plan Objectives

4. Conditions of the site where construction will take place and

interesting data related to the prevention of risks during the

construction process

a. Constructive process

b. Type and characteristics of the materials and elements

c. Site description

d. Climatology description

e. Accesses and paths for vehicles

f. Determining factors for the house placing

g. Overlaps with the affected services and other circumstances

or activities of the environment, able to cause risks during

the construction


h. Planned activities

i. Trades whose intervention is affected by the risks prevention

j. Auxiliary resources planned for the construction

k. Machinery planned for the construction

l. Construction site installations

m. Characteristics table for the stocks

5. Activities for risks prevention

a. Construction plan: determination of work effective timing.

b. Overlaps and incompatibilities in the construction

c. Number of workers taking part in the construction

d. Contracting planned

6. Critical work phases for risks prevention

7. Risks identification and efficacy evaluation of the adopted

protections

a. Location and identification of the areas where the works

involving special risks will be developed.

b. Risks identification and efficiency evaluation of the adopted

protections

8. Collective protections to use

9. Individual protection resources to use

a. Signposting of the risks

10. Safe working procedures of every team member


11. Machinery and auxiliary resources

12. Planned Measures in case of accident

a. First aids

b. First aids bag

c. Preventive medicine

d. Accident victims’ evacuation

13. Risks identification for possible later works

14. Useful plans and information for possible later works

15. Adopted system for the level of health and safety control during

works

16. Formation and information about health and safety

17. Emergency evacuation plan

Annex 1: Identification of risks and evaluation of the efficiency of the adopted protections. Item 7

Annex 2: Identification of risks for possible later works. Item 13


1. Health and Safety plan Precedents and Aim Our aim is to ensure the full safety of all members of the team including workers and

any visitors to the site before, during, or after the processes of unloading, construction,

deconstruction and re-loading.

We will estimate the likelihood of each risk in turn and treating the phases of

transportation and movement ensuring the timing of each phase accordingly we can then

zone the site to minimize the possibility of any works injury.

Health & Safety are primordial in our building strategy. It is crucial to guaranty

optimum working conditions for the decathletes building the PRISPA house. Furthermore,

we think that if we can guaranty a safe building process for students, it is sign that our

house is easy to build and thus accessible to a bigger number of people that would like to

build it themselves, one of our market viability targets.

2. General data of the project Event promoter: SDE organization

Event Promoter SDE 2012 Project promote: Team Prispa Project: Assembly, maintenance and disassembly of the prototype House

Prispa for the competition Solar Decathlon Europe 2012.


HS Team Coordinator during design:

Adrian Campean,Octavian Timu

HS Team Coordinator during construction:

Adrian Campean,Octavian Timu, Iacob Mocanu, Ovidiu Caramangiu

Type of construction:

Total Footprint: 109,5 m2; Gross internal area: 58,3 m2 (80,2 m2 including the level of the technical module); Project Dimensions: L=10 m; l=9.3 m; h=6 m Gross area =105.44 m2 Gross Volume =310 m3 (ext); Gross Volume =260 m3 (int); Surface area= 80.4 m2 Net floor area= 58.3 m2 Maximum distance to the door: 15.72 m; Angle of the roof: 19 degrees; Number of exits: 1; Estimated weight of the house: approx. 30000 kg; Maximum height of the terrace from the ground: 0, 60 m.

For more detailed information, please consult the Architectural Drawings

Location of the construction:

Villa Solar 2012 , in the Casa de Campo Park, Madrid, Spain. Lot 16.

3. Health and Safety plan Objectives

Our main objective is to come back to Romania without any kind of injury during

preparation, assembly, maintenance disassembly, or during public visits. Once properly

finalized this plan will be our guideline during the entire event in Madrid. Yet, there are still

issues to be finalized once the final lot is chosen inside Villa Solar.

Decisions regarding activities in the workplace (marked inside the lot) are made

accordingly to the regulations based in the International Labor organization and its


corresponding European directives- especially the Spanish law for the prevention of labor

Risks.

In the future, this H&S plan will become a very useful tool for the industrialization of

our product.

4. Conditions of the site where construction will take place and interesting data related to the prevention of risks during the construction process

a. Constructive process

The assembly process breaks down in eight phases, each corresponding, more or

less, to number of trucks and the activities regarding each carried load.

For the assembly of the house at Villa Solar, we have devised a working schedule

divided in two major parts:

1 – The assembly of the structure – this stage concentrates only on the building of the

house structure only and consists of the first 4 phases (the first seven trucks). The main

advantage is that any other materials unrelated to the assembly of the load bearing

structure will not be arriving and will be not deposited on site, thus relieving the working

site of unwanted and unnecessary obstacles and gaining work space. During this stage work

on site will be carried out also during the night, but only for the first day of assembly.

2 – The completions of the house – once the structure is up, a number of teams will

concentrate on specific tasks (electrics, HVAC, interior, exterior, etc.). A working day starts

at 8:00 and ends at 18:00. For every 2 hours of working time there will be a 15 min break.

Also, the way the house parts are stacked inside the seven trucks leads to a

disassembly process that consists of reversed assembly. Therefore, risks for the

disassembly activities are the same as for the assembly process.


For the reference of the corresponding HS drawings, a more detailed approach can

be found at B.4.h. and the HS drawings, where each the activities included in the

assembly/disassembly of the house has a drawing correspondent.

Later works analyzed as possible maintenance activities are:

- Maintenance work on the roof for the PV panels of solar panels;

- Working at heights both in and outside the house (lights checking/replacing,

repairing the finishing);

- Maintenance work in the technical room, in the house.

For a more details about each activity, please consult B.14- Useful plans and

information for possible later works.

b. Type and characteristics of the materials

and elements

Choosing materials for Prispa House represents a fusion between several criteria,

among which we can include: state, structure, origin, composition, processing, application,

time for execution, transport, cost, assembly/disassembly, maintenance, durability, and

aesthetics. All these could be summarized in a few categories: aesthetic, energy,

environmental, financial, social and technical.

As modularity and the successive assembly/disassembly are important conditions to

be solved, these materials form elements, more elements form components, more

components form subsystems and all the subsystems form the system, which is the house

itself. Among materials, we can mention: wood, OSB panels, steel connectors, plaster board,

clay, mineral wood, wood boards, zinc sheets, tiling, ceramic, stone, etc. Among the

elements we can mention: I-joists, box studs which, together with the OSB panels and steel

connectors form components- structural panels- transportable modules which require a

crane in order to unload them from the truck and for their assembly. Among subsystems we

can mention the first and the second transportable module and the northern module.


For the materials used, please refer to the Structural Design Narrative, the

Constructive Design Narrative and the Construction Specifications sections.

c. Site description

The Solar Decathlon 2012 competition is located in Madrid, Spain. The Villa Solar

2012 is located in the Casa de Campo Park, in the west of Madrid’s city center, in the

Moncloa district of the city. It represents one of the largest parks of the city, with more than

1700 hectares surface, and has a good general access- public transport (subway, bus),

bicycle or private transport.

The designated competition area is approximately 35 000 m , which represents the

area where all the houses will be assembled. The location area is defined by:

North and West: Calle de la Herradura

East and South: Calle Pista

South: Avenida de Portugal

The site has 3 main entrances:

From the western side, at the intersection between “Paseo Puerta del Angel” with

“Calle de la Torre”

From the south side, at ”Avenida de Portugal”

From the east, at the intersection between ”Avenida de Portugal” with “Calle de

Saavedra Fajardo”

The areas designated for the teams consists of the 20 participants’ lots and the stage

area for ceremonies. Among these, there are also institutional areas and public areas. The

first one is the main platform, almost absolutly flat, made of asphalt or concrete,

surrounded by natural environment.

Shadows: few.


Numbered from 1 to 20, all lots are located in the mentioned area. The chosen

distribution of the lots offer different lot’s types, seen from different perspectives: operating

conditions, logistic requirements, site operations, visibility, proximity to public spaces and

entrances, etc.

Prispa Team’s lot is number 16. It has a central position in the lot group 11-17. South

position is an advantage for accessibility. The lot has no particularities which could cause

foundation positioning, according to the topographical survey. There are no trees close to

the lot which can affect the sunlight. During the Contest Week, a wide strip of 1.5 m. all

along the Lots’ perimeter is designated for pathways which will be used for pedestrian

access and connections among the Teams’ lots. We cannot place anything in this these

strips. Due to the way the house assembly and disassembly phases are decided, only one

open side of the lot will imply certain site operations activities, which need to be accepted

by the SDE Organization.

The team’s neighboring lots are as following:

North: Lot 12- AND Andalucia Team

Lot 13- UPC (e)co Team

East: Lot 17 - BME Odooproject

West: Lot 15 – Casa Pi, Universidad Zaragoza

South: Lot18 – ASD Hello Met

Lot 19 – TRA Rhone- Alpes

d. Climatology description

According to statistics, there are only 3 days of rain (at least 1mm precipitation) in

September, in Madrid for daily average temperatures of 25°C. Nevertheless, we can’t


dispense ourselves of a rainier Assembly/Disassembly strategy if we look at last year’s

difficult conditions during these phases.

e. Accesses and paths for vehicles

Access for trucks:

Truck #1: can arrives from any of the Villa Solar entrances, its position on the team’s

lot does not require special direction.

Truck#2, #3: its position on the team’s lot requires special direction, so they can only

enter the Villa Solar from the north, north-east, in order to get the specific position and

direction specified in the SO-002 (please consult the SO-002 for further explanations).

Truck #4, #5, #6: its position on the team’s lot does not require special direction.

They can enter the Villa Solar and take position on the lot from any direction.

Crane positioning:

1. For the truck#2 and #3, the position of the crane is in the lot, between the

transportable modules and the trucks, as indicated in SO-102.

Note:

Given the displayed position of the truck for the unloading and loading of the

two transportable modules (unloading and loading will be done toward west- see

picture on the left), the truck must arrive and take position from the west path, as

mentioned in SO-002 (Please consult SO-002). Please confirm if the curent situation

is acceptable, or, if not, should we consider morroring the given solution by a central

N-S ax of the site- see picture on the right.


2. For the rest of the trucks, the crane will be positioned outside the lot, as indicated in

SO-103.

Access for visiting cars, fire truck and ambulance:

They can access the lot from south of Villa Solar, for avoiding trucks, cranes which

can make the access more difficult.

Please consult the Health&Safety drawings for more information about the

movements and established areas for trucks, cranes etc.

For routes from Bucharest to Spain, inside Madrid, the Villa Solar and the lot, please

concult Site Operations Plan.

f. Determining factors for the house placing

The major element of our house positioning is the southern orientation of the prispa

(and thus the roof with its solar equipment). The second factor is the integration of our

house in the solar envelope defined in the Building Rules&Regulations. The entrance and

the exit of the house are situated in the Southern facade of the house. To provide a close

access for the ambulance and the truck trailer as well as for loading and unloading during

the construction works, enough space is left open.

The lot is covered in asphalt. The topographical survey shows no big difficulties for

assembling the foundations.

g. Overlaps with the affected services and

other circumstances or activities of the

environment, able to cause risks during the

construction


Unauthorized personnel may try to enter the site without permission.

h. Planned activities

Assembly

The assembly of the house consists of the following activities (please consult this section along with the Site Operations Drawings SO-201 to SO-240 for a better understanding):

Activity

code Activity name Starting

time Finishing

time Overlaps

AS01_01 Unloading and placing site limitations Day 1 12:30

Day 1 12:50

-

AS01_02 Unloading and placing boxes with the fire

extinguisher, the first aid kit, potable

water and cups for drinking

Day 1 12:50

Day 1 13:05

AS01_03:

AS01_03: Unloading and placing the night lights Day 1 12:50

Day 1 13:05

AS01_02:

AS01_04: Unloading and placing tool boxes Day 1 13:05

Day 1 13:20

AS01_05

AS01_05: Unloading and placing the generator and

the electrical panel

Day 1 13:05

Day 1 13:20

AS01_04

AS01_06: Electrical connection between the

generator, electrical panel and the night

lights; checking the connections

Day 1 13:20

Day 1 13:55

-

AS01_07: Unloading and temporary depositing

adjustable steel supports

Day 1 14:10

Day 1 14:30

-

AS01_08: Placing the foundations Day 1 14:30

Day 1 15:00

AS01_09

AS01_09: Unloading and temporary depositing Day 1 14:30

Day 1 15:00

AS01_08


unassembled parts for the scaffolding

AS01_10: Assembly of exterior mobile scaffolding Day 1 15:00

Day 1 15:30

AS01_11

AS01_11: Crane arrival and positioning Day 1 15:00

Day 1 15:20

AS01_10

AS01_12: Unloading and assembling the lifting

frame

Day 1 15:20

Day 1 15:50

AS01_10

AS01_13: Unloading and placing the first

transportable module

Day 1 17:05

Day 1 18:05

-

AS01_14: Unloading and placing the second

transportable module

Day 1 18:50

Day 1 19:50

-

AS02_01: Placing the foundations Day 1 20:20

Day 1 20:50

-

AS02_02: Unloading other stacked materials Day 1 21:05

Day 1 21:35

-

AS02_03: Unloading and placing the 1st platform

structural panel

Day 1 21:35

Day 1 22:05

-

AS02_04: Unloading and placing the 2nd platform

structural panel

Day 1 22:20

Day 1 22:50

-

AS02_05: Unloading and placing the 3rd platform

structural panel

Day 1 22:50

Day 1 23:20

-

AS02_06: Unloading and placing the 4th platform

structural panel

Day 1 23:20

Day 1 23:50

-

AS02_07: Unloading and placing the 1st western wall

structural panel

Day 1 23:50

Day 2 00:20

-

AS02_08: Unloading and placing the 1st eastern wall

structural panel

Day 2 01:20

Day 2 01:50

-

AS02_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd western wall

structural panel

Day 2 01:50

Day 2 02:20

-

AS02_10: Unloading and placing the 2nd eastern wall

structural panel

Day 2 02:20

Day 2 02:50

-

AS02_11: Unloading and placing the 3rd western wall Day 2 02:50

Day 2 03:20

-


structural panel

AS02_12: Unloading and placing the 3rd eastern wall

structural panel

Day 2 03:35

Day 2 04:05

-

AS03_01: Assembling the interior mobile scaffold Day 2 04:30

Day 2 05:00

-

AS03_02: Unloading and placing the lower part of

the interior wall

Day 2 05:00

Day 2 05:30

-

AS03_03: Unloading and placing the upper part of

the interior wall

Day 2 05:30

Day 2 06:00

-

AS03_04: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the

south wall

Day 2 06:00

Day 2 06:30

-

AS03_05: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the

south wall

Day 2 06:45

Day 2 07:15

-

AS03_06: Unloading and placing the top beam of the

south wall

Day 2 07:15

Day 2 07:45

-

AS03_07: Placing the foundation of the porch Day 2 07:45

Day 2 08:15

-

AS03_08: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the

porch platform

Day 2 09:15

Day 2 09:35

-

AS03_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the

porch platform

Day 2 09:35

Day 2 09:55

-

AS03_10: Unloading and placing the 3rd part of the

porch platform

Day 2 09:55

Day 2 10:15

-

AS03_11: Unloading and placing the 1st wall of the

vestibule

Day 2 10:15

Day 2 10:35

-

AS03_12: Unloading and placing the 2nd wall of the

vestibule

Day 2 10:35

Day 2 10:55

-

AS03_13: Unloading and placing the 3rd wall of the

vestibule

Day 2 11:10

Day 2 11:30

-

AS03_14: Assembling the scaffold along the south

façade

Day 2 11:30

Day 2 12:00

-


AS03_15: Unloading and placing the porch studs

and porch beam, unloading other stocked

materials

Day 2 12:00

Day 2 12:30

-

AS04_01 Unloading, attaching the safety handrail

and placing the 1st structural roof panel

Day 2 13:10

Day 2 13:55

-

AS04_02 Unloading and placing the 2nd structural

roof panel

Day 2 13:55

Day 2 14:25

-

AS04_03 Unloading and placing the 3rd structural

roof panel

Day 2 14:25

Day 2 14:55

-

AS04_04 Unloading, attaching the safety handrail

and placing the 4th structural roof panel

Day 2 15:10

Day 2 15:40

-

AS04_05 Unloading and placing the 1st and the 2nd

eastern window and the western window

Day 2 15:40

Day 2 16:25

-

AS04_06: Unloading and assembling the northern

storage

Day 2 15:40

Day 2 20:00

AS04_07 AS04_08

AS04_07 Unloading and placing the laterals of the

house

Day 2 17:55

Day 2 19:40

AS04_06

AS04_08 Unloading and placing the rest of the

materials from the truck

Day 2 19:40

Day 2 20:00

AS04_06

AS05_01: Electrical connection with the Villa Solar

Power Grid, wire placing and lighting

system installation

Day 2 08:15

Day 2 17:00

AS05_02 AS05_03 AS05_04 AS05_05 AS05_06 AS05_07 AS05_08 AS05_09 AS05_10 AS05_11 AS05_12 AS05_13

AS05_02: Covering the gaps in the structural roof

panels used for connecting the roof panels

between them

Day 3 08:15

Day 3 09:15

AS05_01 AS05_03 AS05_04


AS05_03: Connection of the air ducts between the

technical room and the upper part of the

interior wall

Day 3 08:15

Day 3 08:45

AS05_01 AS05_02

AS05_04: Install the 2 internal units of the air

conditioning, above the east and west

windows

Day 3 08:45

Day 3 09:25

AS05_01 AS05_02 AS05_05

AS05_05: Installing the gutter Day 3 09:15

Day 3 09:30

AS05_01 AS05_04 AS05_06

AS05_06: Placing the piping between the external

and internal units of the air conditioning

Day 3 09:25

Day 3 10:55

AS05_01 AS05_05 AS05_07 AS05_08

AS05_07: Completion of the zinc sheets with the

zinc batten caps

Day 3 09:30

Day 3 09:45

AS05_01 AS05_06

AS05_08: Completion of zinc sheet system Day 3 09:45

Day 3 11:20

AS05_01 AS05_06 AS05_09

AS05_09: HVAC system verification Day 3 09:45 10:15

Day 3 10:00 11:20

AS05_01 AS05_06

AS05_10: Installing the solar panels Day 3 11:20

Day 3 12:15

AS05_01 AS05_09

AS05_11: Pipes connections Day 3

13:15 Day 3 15:00

AS05_01 AS05_12 AS05_13

AS05_12: Installing the support rails for PVs Day 3 13:15

Day 3 14:15

AS05_01 AS05_11

AS05_13: Installing PVs Day 3 14:15

Day 3 17:00

AS05_01 AS05_11

AS06_01: Placing the rest of the PVs Day 4 08:15

Day 4 17:00

AS06_02 AS06_03

AS06_02: Exterior finishing Day 4 08:15

Day 4 17:00

AS06_01 AS06_03

AS01_03: Interior finishing Day 4 08:15

Day 4 17:00

AS06_01 AS06_02

AS07_01: Interior finishing Day 5 08:15

Day 5 17:00

AS07_02 AS07_03 AS07_04

AS07_02: Completing the zinc ridge after the PVs

completion

Day 5 08:15

Day5 08:45

AS07_01

AS07_03: Dissasembly of the roof safe handrail, the Day 5 08:45

Day 5 09:15

AS07_01


exterior mobile scaffolding, exterior south

scaffolding and lifeline

AS07_04: Dissasembly of the lot’s limitations, and

landscape assembly

Day 5 09:15

Day 5 17:00

AS07_04

AS08_01: Dissasembly of the interior scaffold Day 6 08:15

Day 6 08:45

-

AS08_02: Installing the wood flooring parts Day 6 08:45

Day 6 12:15

-

AS08_03: Placing furniture and cleaning the house Day 6 13:15

Day 6 16:00

-

AS08_04: Uploading the truck Day 6 16:00

Day 6 16:30

-


Maintenance

The maintenance of the house could consist of the following activities (please

consult the section B.13- Risks identifications for possible later works and B.14- Useful plans

and information for possible later works)

M1 Maintenance work on the roof for the PV panels of solar panels M2 Working at heights both in and outside the house (lights checking/replacing,

repairing the finishing) M3 Maintenance work in the technical room, in the house


Disassembly

The disassembly of the house consists of the following activities :

Activity code

Activity name Starting time

Finishing time

Overlaps

D01_01 Unloading the truck Day 1 12:30

Day 1 13:15

-

D01_02 Dismantling furniture from the house Day 1 13:15

Day 1 15:45

-

D01_03 Removing the wood flooring parts Day 1 16:45

Day 1 20:00

-

D01_04 Assembly of the interior scaffold Day 1 20:00

Day 1 20:30

-

D02_01 Disassembly of the landscape and placing

the lot’s limitations

Day 1 20:55

Day 2 04:40

D02_02 D02_04

D02_02 Assembly of the exterior mobile

scaffolding, the roof safe handrail, exterior

south scaffolding and lifeline

Day 2 04:35

Day 2 05:10

D02_01

D02_03 Removing the zinc ridge Day 2 05:10

Day 2 05:40

-

D02_04 Removal of the interior and exterior

finishing along the joining of the structural

panels

Day 1 20:55

Day 2 00:40

D02_01

D03_01 Removing the PVs Day 2 05:50

Day 2 14:35

D03_02 D03_03 D03_04 D03_05 D03_06 D04_01

D03_02 Remove the connection of the pipes Day 2 05:50

Day 2 07:35

D03_01 D03_03


D03_03 Storing the refrigerant in the outdoor AC

unit

Day 2 05:50

Day 2 07:35

D03_01 D03_02

D03_04 Removing the piping between the

external and internal units of the air

conditioning

Day 2 07:50

Day 2 09:50

D03_01

D03_05 Uninstall the 2 internal units of the air

conditioning, above the east and west

windows

Day 2 10:50

Day 2 12:35

D03_01

D03_06 Disconnect of the air ducts between the

technical room and the upper part of the

interior wall

Day 2 12:50

Day 2 14:35

D03_01 D04_01

D04_01 Removing the PVs Day 2 14:15

Day 2 22:55

D03_01 D03_06

D05_01 Remove the solar panels Day 2 23:05

Day 3 00:05

D05_02 D05_03

D05_02 Uninstalling the support rails for PVs Day 2 23:05

Day 3 00:05

D05_01 D05_03

D05_03 Removing zinc batten caps Day 2 23:30

Day 3 00:05

D05_01 D05_02

D05_04 Uninstalling the gutter Day 3 00:20

Day 3 00:35

-

D05_05 Removing the elements used for covering

the gaps in the structural roof panels used

for connecting the roof panels between

them

Day 3 00:35

Day 3 01;35

D05_06

D05_06 Disconnecting the electrical connection

with the Villa Solar Power Grid, the

placed wires and the lighting system

installation

Day 3 00:35

Day 3 03;00

D05_05 D05_07

D05_07 Disassembling the laterals of the house. Day 3 01:35

Day 3 03:00

D05_06

D05_08 Disassembling the northern storage Day 3 04:15

Day 3 05:20

-

D05_09 Loading and placing the rest of the Day 3 05:20

Day 3 05:50

-


materials in the truck

D05_10 Removing the 1st and the 2nd eastern

windows and the western window

Day 3 06:05

Day 3 06;35

-

D05_11 Crane arrives in place Day 3 06:35

Day 3 06:50

-

D05_12 Removing the 4th structural roof panel and

detaching the safety handrail

Day 3 06:50

Day 3 07:30

-

D06_01 Removing the 3rd structural roof panel Day 3 07;40

Day 3 08:10

-

D06_02 Removing the 2nd structural roof panel Day 3 08:10

Day 3 08:40

-

D06_03 Removing placing the 1st structural roof

panel and detaching the safety handrail

Day 3 08:40

Day 3 09:25

-

D06_04 Removing the porch beam and porch

studs

Day 3 10:10

Day 3 11:10

-

D06_05 Disassembling the scaffold along the south

façade

Day 3 11:10

Day 3 11:40

-

D06_06 Removing the 3rd wall of the vestibule Day 3 12:40

Day 3 13:05

-

D06_07 Removing the 2nd wall of the vestibule Day 3 13:05

Day 3 13:30

-

D06_08 Removing the 1st wall of the vestibule Day 3 13:30

Day 3 13:55

-

D06_09 Removing the 3rd part of the porch

platform

Day 3 13:55

Day 3 14:20

-

D06_10 Removing the 2nd part of the porch

platform

Day 3 14:20

Day 3 14:45

-

D06_11 Removing the 1st part of the porch

platform

Day 3 14:45

Day 3 15:30

-

D07_01 Removing the foundation of the porch Day 3 15:40

Day 3 16:10

-

D07_02 Removing the top beam of the south wall Day 3 16:10

Day 3 16:40

-

D07_03 Removing the 2nd part of the south wall Day 3 16:40

Day 3 17:10

-

D07_04 Removing the 1st part of the south wall Day 3 17:10

Day 3 17:40

-


D07_05 Removing the upper part of the interior

wall

Day 3 17:55

Day 3 18:15

-

D07_06 Removing the lower part of the interior

wall

Day 3 18:15

Day 3 18:35

-

D07_07 Disassembling the interior mobile scaffold Day 3 19:05

Day 3 19:30

-

D07_08 Removing the 3rd eastern wall structural

panel

Day 3 20:30

Day 3 20:50

-

D07_09 Removing the 3rd western wall structural

panel

Day 3 20:50

Day 3 21:10

-

D07_10 Removing the 2nd eastern wall structural

panel

Day 3 21:10

Day 3 21:30

-

D07_11 Removing the 2nd western wall structural

panel

Day 3 21:30

Day 3 21:50

-

D07_12 Removing the 1st eastern wall structural

panel

Day 3 21:50

Day 3 22:10

-

D07_13 Removing the 1st western wall structural

panel

Day 3 22:10

Day 3 22:30

-

D07_14 Removing the 4th platform structural panel Day 3 22:30

Day 3 22:50

-

D07_15 Removing the 3rd platform structural panel Day 3 22:50

Day 3 23:10

-

D07_16 Removing the 2nd platform structural

panel

Day 3 23:10

Day 3 23:25

-

D07_17 Removing the 1st platform structural panel Day 3 23:25

Day 3 23:40

-

D08_01 Removing the second transportable

module

Day 4 00:05

Day 4 00:50

-

D08_02 Removing the first transportable module Day 4 01:05

Day 4 01:50

-

D08_03 Removing the foundations Day 4 02:35

Day 4 03;20

-

D08_04 Disassembly of exterior mobile scaffolding Day 4 03;50

Day 4 04:20

-

D08_05 Disconnecting the electrical connection Day 4 05:20

Day 4 05:50

-


between the generator, electrical panel

and the night lights

D08_06 Removing the generator and the

electrical panel

Day 4 05:50

Day 4 06:25

-

D08_07 Removing tool boxes Day 4 06:25

Day 4 06:40

-

D08_08 Removing the night lights Day 4 06:40

Day 4 06:55

-

D08_09 Removing boxes with the fire

extinguisher, the first aid kit, potable


Day 4 06:55

Day 4 07:10

-

D08_10 Removing site limitations Day 4 07:10

Day 4 07:25

-

i. Trades whose intervention is affected by the

risks prevention

At the moment, any visitors from the SDE organization concerning publicity during

assembly and disassembly phases is not yet programed. In case of an unexpected such visit,

a team members/ worker will be dispatched along with the team member in charge of H&S

for the shift in process.

The visitors will be instructed concerning H&S issues in the team’s lot and if the

H&S officer judging by the nature of the works in process, may grant and assist the visitors

for a visit inside the team’s lot.

During maintenance activities team’s lot is close for public visits.

j. Auxiliary resources planned for the construction


- 5 trucks for the transporting of the house

- One small truck for clearing the site of unneeded materials once the

disassembly in done and to bring the needed tools and materials at the beginning of

the disassembly

- SDE Organization will provide a crane based on loads indicated by the team

- Three boxes for tools and other materials storage

- Two boxes with the fire extinguisher, the first aid kit and the potable water

for the assembly and the disassembly

- Up to 3 tents 3mx3m

- Waste bins

- One portable generator

- One electric panel

- Four lights placed at the corners of the lot, for general lighting during the

night works

- One hand light for providing the light during night works and wherever

needed in case the night lights at the four corners of the lot do not provide enough

light or are obstructed

k. Machinery planned for the construction - Five drilling machines for various works on site during assembly and

disassembly

l. Construction site installations

- For the electrical supply we use a 6kw generator to provide the necessary

electrical energy for the planned activities: night lights, hand tools.


m. Characteristics table for the stocks

Stock name

Weight Dimensions How will it be moved

Where will it be placed

Exterior mobile scaffolding

300kg 1.5/2.5/2.5m Unload/load from/to truck by

workers

East storage area

Interior mobile scaffolding

200kg 1/2/1m Unload/load from/to truck by

workers

East storage area

Scaffolding along the south facade


workers

East storage area

Foundations

250kg 1.5/2/1.5m Unload/load from/to truck by

workers

East storage area

Zink elements

150kg 1/8/1m Palatable by crane

North storage area

Stone slabs

1250kg 1/1/1.5m Palatable by crane

West storage area

Parts of the lifting frame


workers

West storage area

Northern storage components

250kg 2/3/1m Unload/load from/to truck by

workers

West storage area

Tanks for the northern storage

100kg 3X 1.5/3/2m Unload/load from/to truck by

workers

North storage area

Materials for interior and exterior finishing

500kg 1.25/2.5/2m Unload/load from/to truck by

workers

North storage area


5. Activities for risks prevention

List of activities that the team has developed when preparing the works:

- Catalin Caraza, Mihnea Ghildus, Marius Soflete and Octavian Timu attended

a two week workshop regarding historical carpentry building- August 2011

- Team attended a Bosch training for hand tools usage- 29th of March 2012

- Clay plastering workshop with Natural Paint- all the team- 9th and 10th of

March 2012

- The building of Romania’s pavilion at Madrid for The Libre Exibition 2011

Future activities:

- Rheinzink training regarding roofing zinc sheets

- Assembly and disassembly of the house in Romania in the parking lot of Le

Roy Merlin

Furthermore, the house prefabrication at our sponsor’s workshop in Anghelus-

Covasna, the prefabrication done at the Technical University of Bucharest, inside the

workshop of the Technical University of Bucharest.


a. Construction plan: determination of work effective timing.

Assembly

Shift 1

Code Phase Name

AS01_01 Unloading and placing site limitations

AS01_02 Unloading and placing boxes with the fire extinguisher, the first aid

kit, potable water and cups for drinking

AS01_03: Unloading and placing the night lights

AS01_04: Unloading and placing tool boxes

AS01_05: Unloading and placing the generator and the electrical panel

AS01_06: Electrical connection between the generator, electrical panel and the

night lights; checking the connections

AS01_07: Unloading and temporary depositing adjustable steel supports

AS01_08: Placing the foundations

AS01_09: Unloading and temporary depositing unassembled parts for the

scaffolding

AS01_10: Assembly of exterior mobile scaffolding

AS01_11: Crane arrival and positioning


AS01_12: Unloading and assembling the lifting beam

AS01_13: Unloading and placing the first transportable module

AS01_14: Unloading and placing the second transportable module

First Name Last Name Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly

1. Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer Electrician, Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

2. Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

3. Claudiu Butacu Instrumentation Contact

Electrician, Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

4. Cristina Alistar Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

5. Dumitru Moldoveanu Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

6. Marius Soflete Structural Engineer Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

7. Mihai-Vlad Cirlan Contest Captain Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

8. Ovidiu Caramangiu Health & Safety Officer

Structure Assembly/Dissasembly, Rigger

Arrival/Departure of Truck #1, Truck #2, Truck #3 It involves: truck driver, workers on site Safe working procedures:

- Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


AS01_01: Unloading and placing site limitations AS01_02: Unloading and placing boxes with the fire extinguisher, the first aid kit, potable water and cups for drinking AS01_03: Unloading and placing the night lights AS01_04: Unloading and placing tool boxes AS01_05: Unloading and placing the generator and the electrical panel AS01_08: Placing the foundations AS01_07: Unloading and temporary depositing adjustable steel supports AS01_09: Unloading and temporary depositing unassembled parts for the scaffolding AS01_10: Assembly of exterior mobile scaffolding It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Adriana Mihailescu - Claudiu Butacu - Cristina Alistar - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Marius Soflete - Mihai Vlad Cirlan - Ovidiu Caramangiu

Safe working procedures:

- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


AS01_06: Electrical connection between the generator, electrical panel and the night lights; checking the connections

It involves: - Adrian Bucica - Claudiu Butacu


- Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working with electrical equipment - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS01_11: Crane arrival and positioning AS01_12: Unloading and assembling the lifting frame It involves:

- Crane operator - Ovidiu Caramangiu


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials -

AS01_13: Unloading and placing the first transportable module AS01_14: Unloading and placing the second transportable module It involves:

- Crane operator - Ovidiu Caramangiu - Heavy load


- Workers on site -

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


12:0

0

12:0

5

12:10

12:15

12:2

0

12:2

5

12:3

0

12:3

5

12:4

0

12:4

5

12:5

0

12:5

5

13:0

0

13:0

5

13:10

13:15

13:2

0

13:2

5

13:3

0

13:3

5

13:4

0

13:4

5

13:5

0

13:5

5

14:0

0

14:0

5

14:10

14:15

14:2

0

14:2

5

14:3

0

14:3

5

14:4

0

14:4

5

14:5

0

14:5

5

15:0

0

15:0

5

15:10

15:15

15:2

0

15:2

5

15:3

0

15:3

5

15:4

0

15:4

5

15:5

0

15:5

5

16:0

0

16:0

5

16:10

16:15

16:2

0

16:2

5

16:3

0

16:3

5

16:4

0

16:4

5

16:5

0

16:5

5

17:0

0

17:0

5

17:10

17:15

17:2

0

17:2

5

17:3

0

17:3

5

17:4

0

17:4

5

17:5

0

17:5

5

18:0

0

18:0

5

18:10

18:15

18:2

0

18:2

5

18:3

0

18:3

5

18:4

0

18:4

5

18:5

0

18:5

5

19:0

0

19:0

5

19:10

19:15

19:2

0

19:2

5

19:3

0

19:3

5

19:4

0

19:4

5

19:5

0

19:5

5

20:0

0

Break

S01_07

S01_08

S01_09

S1_H&S

T1 arrives

S01_01

S01_02

S01_04

S01_03

S01_12

SHIFT 1DAY 1/31.Aug.2012

T3 leaves

S01_13

T2 leaves

Break

T3 arrives

S01_14

S01_10

S01_11

T1 leaves

Lunch Break

T2 arrives

S01_05

S01_06


Shift 2

Code Phase Name

AS02_01: Placing the foundations

AS02_02: Unloading other stacked materials

AS02_03: Unloading and placing the 1st platform structural panel

AS02_04: Unloading and placing the 2nd platform structural panel

AS02_05: Unloading and placing the 3rd platform structural panel

AS02_06: Unloading and placing the 4th platform structural panel

AS02_07: Unloading and placing the 1st western wall structural panel

AS02_08: Unloading and placing the 1st eastern wall structural panel

AS02_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd western wall structural panel

AS02_10: Unloading and placing the 2nd eastern wall structural panel

AS02_11: Unloading and placing the 3rd western wall structural panel

AS02_12: Unloading and placing the 3rd eastern wall structural panel

First Name Last Name Team Position

Post/Position for the Assembly

1. Anca Bolohan Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

2. Irina Mot Site Operations Coordinator

Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

3. Mihai Toader-Pasti Student Teal Leader Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

4. Mircea Damian Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

5. Octavian Timu Health & Safety Coordinator


6. Pierre Bortnowski Project Manager Structure


Assembly/Dissasembly

7. Stefan Ghita Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

8. Stefan Nechita Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

Arrival/Departure of Truck #4 It involves: truck driver, workers on site Safe working procedures:

- Coordination and information among workers - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS02_01: Placing the foundations AS02_02: Unloading other stacked materials It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Irina Mot - Mihai Toader-Pasti - Mircea Damian - Octavian Timu - Pierre Bortnowski - Stefan Ghita - Stefan Nechita -

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


AS02_03: Unloading and placing the 1st platform structural panel AS02_04: Unloading and placing the 2nd platform structural panel AS02_05: Unloading and placing the 3rd platform structural panel AS02_06: Unloading and placing the 4th platform structural panel It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Irina Mot - Mihai Toader-Pasti - Mircea Damian - Octavian Timu - Pierre Bortnowski - Stefan Ghita - Stefan Nechita

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS02_07: Unloading and placing the 1st western wall structural panel AS02_08: Unloading and placing the 1st eastern wall structural panel AS02_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd western wall structural panel AS02_10: Unloading and placing the 2nd eastern wall structural panel AS02_11: Unloading and placing the 3rd western wall structural panel AS02_12: Unloading and placing the 3rd eastern wall structural panel It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Irina Mot - Mihai Toader-Pasti - Mircea Damian - Octavian Timu - Pierre Bortnowski


- Stefan Ghita - Stefan Nechita -

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


20:0

5

20:1

0

20:1

5

20:2

0

20:2

5

20:3

0

20:3

5

20:4

0

20:4

5

20:5

0

20:5

5

21:0

0

21:0

5

21:1

0

21:1

5

21:2

0

21:2

5

21:3

0

21:3

5

21:4

0

21:4

5

21:5

0

21:5

5

22:0

0

22:0

5

22:1

0

22:1

5

22:2

0

22:2

5

22:3

0

22:3

5

22:4

0

22:4

5

22:5

0

22:5

5

23:0

0

23:0

5

23:1

0

23:1

5

23:2

0

23:2

5

23:3

0

23:3

5

23:4

0

23:4

5

23:5

0

23:5

5

0:0

0

0:0

5

0:1

0

0:1

5

0:2

0

0:2

5

0:3

0

0:3

5

0:4

0

0:4

5

0:5

0

0:5

5

1:0

0

1:0

5

1:10 1:15

1:20 1:25

1:30 1:35

1:4

0

1:4

5

1:5

0

1:5

5

2:0

0

2:0

5

2:10

2:15

2:20

2:25

2:30

2:35

2:4

0

2:4

5

2:5

0

2:5

5

3:0

0

3:0

5

3:10

3:15

3:20

3:25

3:30

3:35

3:4

0

3:4

5

3:5

0

3:5

5

4:0

0

4:0

5

4:1

0

4:1

5

S02_11

Break

S02_12

T4 leaves

S02_04

S02_05

S02_06

S02_07

Lunch Break

S02_08

SHIFT 2DAY 2/01.Sept.2012DAY 1/31.Aug.2012

S02_09

S02_10

S2_H&S

S02_01

T4 arrives

S02_02

S02_03

Break


Shift 3

Code Phase Name

AS03_01: Assembling the interior mobile scaffold

AS03_02: Unloading and placing the lower part of the interior wall

AS03_03: Unloading and placing the upper part of the interior wall

AS03_04: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the south wall

AS03_05: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the south wall

AS03_06: Unloading and placing the top beam of the south wall

AS03_07: Placing the foundation of the porch

AS03_08: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the porch platform

AS03_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the porch platform

AS03_10: Unloading and placing the 3rd part of the porch platform

AS03_11: Unloading and placing the 1st wall of the vestibule

AS03_12: Unloading and placing the 2nd wall of the vestibule

AS03_13: Unloading and placing the 3rd wall of the vestibule

AS03_14: Assembling the scaffold along the south façade

AS03_15: Unloading and placing the porch studs and porch beam, unloading

other stocked materials


1. Andrada Toader-Pasti Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

2. Catalin Caraza Construction Manager Structure Assembly/Dissasembly


3. Catalin Gauloiu Design Coordinator Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

4. Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

5. Ioana Prodan Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

6. Lucia Leca Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

7. Mihnea Ghildus Communications Advisor Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

8. Raluca Paun Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly




It involves: - Catalin Caraza - Catalin Gauloiu - Iacob Mocanu - Ioana Prodan - Lucia Leca - Mihnea Ghildus


- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


AS03_02: Unloading and placing the lower part of the interior wall AS03_03: Unloading and placing the upper part of the interior wall AS03_04: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the south wall AS03_05: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the south wall

It involves: - Andrada Toader-Pasti - Catalin Caraza - Catalin Gauloiu - Iacob Mocanu - Ioana Prodan - Lucia Leca - Mihnea Ghildus - Raluca Paun


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS03_07: Placing the foundation of the porch

It involves: - Andrada Toader-Pasti - Catalin Caraza - Catalin Gauloiu - Iacob Mocanu - Ioana Prodan - Lucia Leca - Mihnea Ghildus - Raluca Paun

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather


- Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS03_06: Unloading and placing the top beam of the south wall AS03_08: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the porch platform AS03_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the porch platform AS03_10: Unloading and placing the 3rd part of the porch platform AS03_11: Unloading and placing the 1st wall of the vestibule AS03_12: Unloading and placing the 2nd wall of the vestibule AS03_13: Unloading and placing the 3rd wall of the vestibule AS03_15: Unloading and placing the porch studs and porch beam It involves:

- Andrada Toader-Pasti - Catalin Caraza - Catalin Gauloiu - Iacob Mocanu - Ioana Prodan - Lucia Leca - Mihnea Ghildus - Raluca Paun


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


It involves: - Andrada Toader-Pasti - Catalin Caraza


- Catalin Gauloiu - Iacob Mocanu - Ioana Prodan - Lucia Leca - Mihnea Ghildus - Raluca Paun


- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


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AS03_08

S3_H&S

T5 arrives

AS03_01

AS03_02

AS03_03

AS03_04

SHIFT 3DAY 2/01.Sept.2012

AS03_14

AS03_15

T5 leaves

AS03_09

AS03_010

AS03_011

AS03_12

Break

AS03_13

Break

AS03_05

AS03_06

AS03_07

Lunch Break


Shift 4

Code Phase Name

AS04_01 Unloading and placing the 1st structural roof panel

AS04_02 Unloading and placing the 2nd structural roof panel

AS04_03 Unloading and placing the 3rd structural roof panel

AS04_04 Unloading and placing the 4th structural roof panel

AS04_05 Unloading and placing the 1st and the 2nd eastern window and the

western window

AS04_06: Unloading and assembling the northern storage

AS04_07 Unloading and placing the laterals of the house

AS04_08 Unloading and placing the rest of the materials from the truck

First Name Last Name Team Position

Post/Position for the Assembly

1. Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer Electrician, Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

2. Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Structure Assembly/Dissasembly


Electrician, Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

4. Cristina Alistar Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

5. Dumitru Moldoveanu Decathlet Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

6. Marius Soflete Structural Engineer Structure Assembly/Dissasembly

7. Mihai-Vlad Cirlan Contest Captain Structure Assembly/Dissasembly






AS04_01: Unloading and placing the 1st structural roof panel AS04_02: Unloading and placing the 2nd structural roof panel AS04_03: Unloading and placing the 3rd structural roof panel AS04_04: Unloading and placing the 4th structural roof panel AS04_05: Unloading and placing the 1st and the 2nd eastern window and the western window AS04_06: Unloading and placing the northern module AS04_07: Unloading and placing the laterals of the house AS04_08: Unloading and placing the rest of the materials from the truck It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Adriana Mihailescu - Claudiu Butacu - Cristina Alistar - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Marius Soflete - Mihai Vlad Cirlan - Ovidiu Caramangiu


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


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S04_06

T6 leaves

Lunch Break

S04_06

S04_08

S04_07

S04_02

S04_03

Break

S04_04

S04_05

S4_H&S

T6 arrives

S04_01



Shift 5

Code Phase Name

AS05_01: Electrical connection with the Villa Solar Power Grid, wire placing

and lighting system installation

AS05_02: Covering the gaps in the structural roof panels used for connecting

the roof panels between them

AS05_03: Connection of the air ducts between the technical room and the

upper part of the interior wall

AS05_04: Install the 2 internal units of the air conditioning, above the east and

west windows

AS05_05: Installing the gutter

AS05_06: Placing the piping between the external and internal units of the air

conditioning

AS05_07: Completion of the zinc sheets with the zinc batten caps

AS05_08: Completion of zinc sheet system

AS05_09: HVAC system verification

AS05_10: Installing the solar panels

AS05_11: Pipes connections

AS05_12: Installing the support rails for PVs

AS05_13: Installing PVs



1. Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer Electrician 2. Adrian Enciu Project Engineer PVs 3. Adrian Neculae Team Member PVs 4. Catalin Caraza Construction Manager PVs 5. Claudiu Butacu Instrumentation

Contact Electrician

6. Dumitru Moldoveanu Site Operations Coordinator

PVs

7. Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer Pipes 8. Mihai-Vlad Cirlan Contest Captain HVAC 9. Octavian Timu Health & Safety

Coordinator PVs

10. Ovidiu Caramangiu Health & Safety Officer Pipes 11. Ovidiu Constantin Sponsorship Manager HVAC

Activities

AS05_01: Electrical connection with the Villa Solar Power Grid, wire placing and lighting system installation

It involves: - Adrian Bucica - Claudiu Butacu

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working with electrical equipment - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


AS05_02: Covering the gaps in the structural roof panels used for connecting the roof panels between them AS05_05: Installing the gutter AS05_07: Completion of the zinc sheets with the zinc batten caps AS05_08: Completion of zinc sheet system It involves:

- Adrian Enciu - Adrian Neculae - Catalin Caraza - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Octavian Timu

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS05_03: Connection of the air ducts between the technical room and the upper part of the interior wall AS05_04: Install the 2 internal units of the air conditioning, above the east and west windows AS05_06: Placing the piping between the external and internal units of the air conditioning AS05_09: HVAC system verification It involves:

- Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Ovidiu Constantin




AS05_10: Installing the solar panels AS05_11: Pipes connections It involves:

- Iacob Mocanu - Ovidiu Caramangiu



AS05_12: Installing the support rails for PVs AS05_13: Placing the PVs It involves:

- Adrian Enciu - Adrian Neculae - Catalin Caraza - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Octavian Timu




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S05_11

S05_12

S05_01

S05_13

S5_H&S

S05_06

S05_09

Lunch Break

S05_01

DAY 3/02.Sept.2012

SHIFT 5

S05_13

Break

S05_04

S05_06

Break

S05_01

S05_08

S05_10

S05_01

S05_02

S05_05

S05_07

S05_08

S05_03


Shift 6

Code Phase Name

AS06_01: Placing the rest of the PVs

AS06_02: Exterior finishing

AS01_03: Interior finishing

First Name

Last Name Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly

1. Adrian Enciu Project Engineer PVs 2. Adrian Neculae Team Member PVs 3. Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Exterior finishing 4. Catalin Caraza Construction Manager PVs 5. Cristina Alistar Decathlet Exterior finishing 6. Elena

Marilena Popa Decathlet Interior finishing

7. Irina Mot Decathlet Exterior finishing 8. Lucia Leca Decathlet Interior finishing 9. Marius Soflete Structural Engineer Preparing clay 10. Mihai Constantin Decathlet Preparing clay 11. Octavian Timu Health & Safety

Coordinator PVs

12. Olivia Goran Decathlet Interior finishing 13. Pierre Bortnowski Project Manager Exterior finishing 14. Raluca Paun Decathlet Exterior finishing


AS06_01: Placing the rest of the PVs It involves:

- Adrian Enciu - Adrian Neculae - Catalin Caraza - Octavian Timu


AS06_02: Exterior finishing AS06_03: Interior finishing It involves:

- Cristina Alistar - Irina Mot - Lucia Leca - Marius Soflete - Mihai Constantin - Olivia Goran - Pierre Bortnowski - Raluca Paun -



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S06_01

S06_02

S06_03


S06_02

S06_03

Lunch Break

Break

S6_H&S

S06_01

S06_02

S06_03

Break

S06_01

S06_01

S06_02

S06_03


Shift 7

Code Phase Name

AS07_01: Interior finishing

AS07_02: Completing the zinc ridge after the PVs completion

AS07_03: Disassembly of the roof safe handrail, the exterior mobile

scaffolding, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline

AS07_04: Disassembly of the lot’s limitations, and landscape assembly

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly

1. Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Zinc sheet placing/Disassembly of safety handrail, lifeline, exterior mobile scaffold/ Landscape

2. Catalin Caraza Construction Manager

Zinc sheet placing/Disassembly of safety handrail, lifeline, exterior mobile scaffold/ Landscape

3. Cristina Alistar Decathlet Zinc sheet placing/Disassembly of safety handrail, lifeline, exterior mobile scaffold/ Landscape

4. Elena Marilena

Popa Decathlet Interior finishing

5. Lucia Leca Decathlet Interior finishing 6. Marius Soflete Structural

Engineer Zinc sheet placing/Disassembly of safety handrail, lifeline, exterior mobile scaffold/ Landscape


Zinc sheet placing/Disassembly of safety handrail, lifeline, exterior mobile scaffold/ Landscape

8. Olivia Goran Decathlet Zinc sheet placing/Disassembly of safety handrail, lifeline, exterior mobile scaffold/ Landscape

9. Pierre Bortnowski Project Manager Interior finishing


AS07_01: Interior finishing It involves:

- Elena Marilena Popa - Lucia Leca - Pierre Bortnowski

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS07_02: Completing the zinc ridge after the PVs competion It involves:

- Adriana Mihailescu - Catalin Caraza - Cristina Alistar - Marius Soflete - Octavian Timu


AS07_03: Dissasembly of the roof safe handrail, the exterior mobile scaffolding and lifeline

It involves: - Adriana Mihailescu - Catalin Caraza - Cristina Alistar - Marius Soflete - Octavian Timu - Olivia Goran -

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain


- Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

AS07_04: Dissasembly of the lot’s limitations and landscape assembly

It involves: - Adriana Mihailescu - Catalin Caraza - Cristina Alistar - Marius Soflete - Octavian Timu - Olivia Goran -

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


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S07_01

S07_04


S7_H&S

S07_01

S07_02

S07_03

S07_04

Break

S07_01

S07_04

Lunch Break

S07_01

S07_04

Break


Shift 8

Code Phase Name

AS08_01: Dissasembly of the interior scaffold

AS08_02: Installing the wood flooring parts

AS08_03: Placing furniture and cleaning the house

AS08_04: Uploading the truck

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly

1. Anca Bolohan Decathlet Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Installing wood flooring parts/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

2. Catalin Gauloiu Design Coordinator Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Installing wood flooring parts/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck


Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

4. Ionut Patrascu Team Member Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

5. Irina Mot Site operations Coordinator

Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

6. Lucia Leca Decathlet Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

7. Mihai Constantin Decathlet Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

8. Mihai-Vlad Cirlan Contest Captain Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/ Installing wood flooring parts/ Placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

9. Octavian Timu Health & Safety Dissassembly of the interior scaffold/


Coordinator Installing wood flooring parts/ placing furniture and cleaning/ Uploading the truck

AS08_01: Dissasembly of the interior scaffold It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu - Ionut Patrascu - Irina Mot - Lucia Leca - Mihai Constantin - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Octavian Timu



AS08_02: Installing the wood flooring parts

It involves: - Anca Bolohan - Catalin Gauloiu - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Octavian Timu



AS08_03: Placing furniture and cleaning the house It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu


- Ionut Patrascu - Irina Mot - Lucia Leca - Mihai Constantin - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Octavian Timu



AS08_04: Uploading the truck It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu - Ionut Patrascu - Irina Mot - Lucia Leca - Mihai Constantin - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Octavian Timu




Disassembly

Shift 1

Code Phase Name

D01_01 Unloading the truck

D01_02 Dismantling furniture from the house

D01_03 Removing the wood flooring parts

D01_04 Assembly of the interior scaffold

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for the Disassembly

1. Anca Bolohan Decathlet

Assembly of the interior scaffold/ Removing wood flooring parts/ Dismantling furniture/ Unloading the truck

2. Catalin Gauloiu Design Coordinator




4. Ionut Patrascu Team Member


5. Lucia Leca Decathlet


6. Mihai Constantin Decathlet Assembly of the interior


scaffold/ Removing wood flooring parts/ Dismantling furniture/ Unloading the truck





D01_01 - Unloading the truck It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu - Ionut Patrascu - Lucia Leca - Mihai Constantin


- Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D01_02 - Dismantling furniture from the house It involves:

- Anca Bolohan - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu


- Ionut Patrascu - Lucia Leca - Mihai Constantin


- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials -

D01_03 - Removing the wood flooring parts It involves:




D01_04 - Assembly of the interior scaffold It involves:



- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials -


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SHIFT 1DAY 1/1.Oct.2012

T1 leaves

D1_H&S

Lunch Break

D01_02

D01_03

D01_03

D01_04

Break

D01_02

T1arrives

Break

D01_01


Code Phase Name

D02_01 Disassembly of the landscape and placing the lot’s limitations

D02_02 Assembly of the exterior mobile scaffolding, the roof safe handrail,

exterior south scaffolding and lifeline

D02_03 Removing the zinc ridge

D02_04 Removal of the interior and exterior finishing along the joining of

the structural panels

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for the Disassembly stage

1. Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Interior and exterior finishing 2. Catalin Caraza Construction Manager Landscape/Exterior mobile

scaffolding, the roof safe handrail, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline/ Zinc Ridge

3. Cristina Alistar Decathlet Landscape/Interior and exterior finishing

4. Elena Marilena

Popa Decathlet Interior and exterior finishing

5. Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer

Landscape/Exterior mobile scaffolding, the roof safe handrail, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline/ Zinc Ridge

6. Marius Soflete Structural Engineer Landscape/Exterior mobile scaffolding, the roof safe handrail, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline/Zinc Ridge

7. Olivia Goran Decathlet Interior and exterior finishing 8. Pierre Bortnowski Project Manager Landscape/Exterior mobile

scaffolding, the roof safe handrail, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline/Zinc

Shift 2


Ridge/ Interior and exterior finishing

D02_01 - Disassembly of the landscape and placing the lot’s limitations It involves:

- Catalin Caraza - Cristina Alistar - Iacob Mocanu - Marius Soflete - Pierre Bortnowski


- Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D02_02 - Assembly of the exterior mobile scaffolding, the roof safe handrail, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline It involves:

- Catalin Caraza - Iacob Mocanu - Marius Soflete - Pierre Bortnowski


- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D02_03 - Removing the zinc ridge It involves:

- Catalin Caraza - Iacob Mocanu


- Marius Soflete - Pierre Bortnowski

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D02_04 - Removal of the interior and exterior finishing along the joining of the structural panels It involves:

- Adriana Mihailescu - Cristina Alistar - Elena Marilena Popa - Olivia Goran - Pierre Bortnowski

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


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D02_04

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D02_01

D02_03

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D02_01

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SHIFT 2

D02_01

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D02_01

D02_04

D2_H&S

DAY 1/01.Oct.2012 DAY 2/02.Oct.2012


Shift 3

Code Phase Name

D03_01 Removing the PVs

D03_02 Remove the connection of the pipes

D03_03 Storing the refrigerant in the outdoor AC unit

D03_04 Removing the piping between the external and internal units of

the air conditioning

D03_05 Uninstall the 2 internal units of the air conditioning, above the east

and west windows

D03_06 Disconnect of the air ducts between the technical room and the

upper part of the interior wall

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for Disassembly stage

1. Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer

PVs

2. Adrian Enciu Project Engineer PVs 3. Dumitru Moldoveanu Site Operations

Coordinator PVs

4. Ioana Prodan Decathlet HVAC 5. Mihai-Vlad Cirlan Contest Captain HVAC 6. Ovidiu Caramangiu Health & Safety

Officer PVs

7. Ovidiu Constantin Sponsorship Manager

HVAC

D03_01- Removing the PVs It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Adrian Enciu - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Ovidiu Caramangiu


Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D03_02 - Remove the connection of the pipes D03_03 - Storing the refrigerant in the outdoor AC unit D03_04 - Removing the piping between the external and internal units of the air conditioning D03_05 - Uninstall the 2 internal units of the air conditioning, above the east and west windows D03_06 - Disconnect of the air ducts between the technical room and the upper part of the interior wall It involves:

- Ioana Prodan - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Ovidiu Constantin


- Coordination and information among workers - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


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D3_03

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Lunch Break

D3_01

D3_05

SHIFT 3DAY 2

D3_H&S

D3_01

D3_02

D3_06

D3_04

Break

D3_01

D3_01


Shift 4

Code Phase Name

D04_01 Removing the PVs

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for and Disassembly stage

9. Adrian Neculae Team Member PVs 10. Anca Bolohan Decathlet PVs


PVs

12. Ionut Patrascu Decathlet PVs

13. Mihai Toader- Pasti

Student Team Leader

PVs


PVs

D04_01- Removing the PVs It involves:

- Adrian Neculae - Anca Bolohan - Catalin Caraza - Ionut Patrascu - Mihai Toader- Pasti - Octavian Timu




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D3_01


D4_H&S

D3_01

Break

D3_01

Lunch Break

D3_01

Break


Shift 5

Code Phase Name

D05_01 Remove the solar panels

D05_02 Uninstalling the support rails for PVs

D05_03 Removing zinc batten caps

D05_04 Uninstalling the gutter

D05_05 Removing the elements used for covering the gaps in the

structural roof panels used for connecting the roof panels between

them

D05_06 Disconnecting the electrical connection with the Villa Solar Power

Grid, the placed wires and the lighting system installation

D05_07 Disassembling the laterals of the house.

D05_08 Disassembling the northern storage

D05_09 Loading and placing the rest of the materials in the truck

D05_10 Removing the 1st and the 2nd eastern windows and the western

window

D05_11 Crane arrives in place

D05_12 Removing the 4th structural roof panel

First Name

Last Name


1. Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer Solar Panels/ PVs support rails/Batten caps/Gutter/Zinc elements/ Electrical/Roof panel

2. Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Northern module/ Loading the truck/ Foundations/ Windows

3. Cleaudiu Butacu Instrumentation Contact

Solar Panels/ PVs support rails/Batten caps/Gutter/Zinc elements/ Electrical/Roof panel


4. Catalin Gauloiu Design Coordinator Solar Panels/ PVs support rails/Batten caps/Gutter/Zinc elements/ Northern module/ Loading the truck/ Foundations/ Windows/ Roof panel


Solar Panels/ PVs support rails/Batten caps/Gutter/Zinc elements/ Electrical/ Northern module/ Loading the truck/ Foundations/ Windows

6. Marius Soflete Structural Engineer Solar Panels/ PVs support rails/Batten caps/Gutter/Zinc elements/ Electrical/ Northern module/ Loading the truck/ Foundations/ Windows

7. Olivia Goran Decathlet Northern module/ Loading the truck/ Foundations/ Window

8. Pierre Bortnowski Project Manager Solar Panels/ PVs support rails/Batten caps/Gutter/Zinc elements/ Electrical/ Northern module/ Loading the truck/ Foundations/ Windows /Rigger

Arrival/Departure of Truck #7 and #6 It involves: truck driver, workers on site Safe working procedures:


D05_01 - Remove the solar panels D05_02 - Uninstalling the support rails for PVs D05_03 - Removing zinc batten caps D05_04 - Uninstalling the gutter D05_05 - Removing the elements used for covering the gaps in the structural roof panels used for connecting the roof panels between


them It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Cleaudiu Butacu - Irina Mot - Marius Soflete - Pierre Bortnowski



D05_06 - Disconnecting the electrical connection with the Villa Solar Power Grid, the placed wires and the lighting system installation It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Cleaudiu Butacu


- Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when working with electrical equipment - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D05_11 - Crane arrives in place It involves:

- Crane operator - Pierre Bortnowski


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger


D05_07: Disassembling the laterals of the house. D05_08 - Disassembling the northern storage D05_09 - Loading and placing the rest of the materials in the truck D05_10 - Removing the 1st and the 2nd eastern windows and the western window D05_12 - Removing the 4th structural roof panel It involves:

- Adriana Mihailescu - Catalin Gauloiu - Irina Mot - Marius Soflete - Olivia Goran - Pierre Bortnowski


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


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D05_01

D05_04

D05_05

D05_02

D05_03

Break

DAY 3/03.Oct.2012

SHIFT 5

Break

D05_10

D05_09

T6arrives

D05_06

Lunch Break

DAY 2/02.Oct.2012

D05_08

D5_H&S

D05_07

D05_11

D05_12


Shift 6

Code Phase Name

D06_01 Removing the 3rd structural roof panel

D06_02 Removing the 2nd structural roof panel

D06_03 Removing placing the 1st structural roof panel and detaching the

safety handrail

D06_04 Removing the porch beam and porch studs

D06_05 Disassembling the scaffold along the south façade

D06_06 Removing the 3rd wall of the vestibule

D06_07 Removing the 2nd wall of the vestibule

D06_08 Removing the 1st wall of the vestibule

D06_09 Removing the 3rd part of the porch platform

D06_10 Removing the 2nd part of the porch platform

D06_11 Removing the 1st part of the porch platform

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position Disassembly stage

1. Cristina Alistar Decathlet Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform

2. Dumitru Moldoveanu Decathlet Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform

3. Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer

Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform/Rigger

4. Ionut Patrascu Team Member Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform

5. Lucia Leca Decathlet Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform

6. Mihai-Vlad Cirlan Contest Captain Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform

7. Mihnea Ghildus Communications Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/


Advisor Scaffold/ Porch platform 8. Ovidiu Constantin Sponsorship

Manager Roof/ Porch/ Vestibule/ Scaffold/ Porch platform



D06_01 - Removing the 3rd structural roof panel D06_02 - Removing the 2nd structural roof panel D06_03 - Removing placing the 1st structural roof panel and detaching the safety handrail D06_04 - Removing the porch beam and porch studs D06_06 – Removing the 3rd wall of the vestibule D06_07 - Removing the 2nd wall of the vestibule D06_08 - Removing the 1st wall of the vestibule D06_09 - Removing the 3rd part of the porch platform D06_10 - Removing the 2nd part of the porch platform D06_11 - Removing the 1st part of the porch platform It involves:

- Cristina Alistar - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Iacob Mocanu - Ionut Patrascu - Lucia Leca - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Mihnea Ghildus - Ovidiu Constantin


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights


- Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D06_05 - Disassembling the scaffold along the south façade It involves:

- Cristina Alistar - Dumitru Moldoveanu - Iacob Mocanu - Ionut Patrascu - Lucia Leca - Mihai-Vlad Cirlan - Mihnea Ghildus - Ovidiu Constantin


- Coordination and information among workers - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials


7:25

7:30

7:35

7:4

0

7:4

5

7:50

7:55

8:0

0

8:0

5

8:10 8:15

8:2

0

8:2

5

8:3

0

8:3

5

8:4

0

8:4

5

8:5

0

8:5

5

9:0

0

9:0

5

9:10 9:15

9:2

0

9:2

5

9:3

0

9:3

5

9:4

0

9:4

5

9:5

0

9:5

5

10:0

0

10:0

5

10:10

10:15

10:2

0

10:2

5

10:3

0

10:3

5

10:4

0

10:4

5

10:5

0

10:5

5

11:0

0

11:0

5

11:10

11:15

11:2

0

11:2

5

11:3

0

11:3

5

11:4

0

11:4

5

11:5

0

11:5

5

12:0

0

12:0

5

12:10

12:15

12:2

0

12:2

5

12:3

0

12:3

5

12:4

0

12:4

5

12:5

0

12:5

5

13:0

0

13:0

5

13:10

13:15

13:2

0

13:2

5

13:3

0

13:3

5

13:4

0

13:4

5

13:5

0

13:5

5

14:0

0

14:0

5

14:10

14:15

14:2

0

14:2

5

14:3

0

14:3

5

14:4

0

14:4

5

14:5

0

14:5

5

15:0

0

15:0

5

15:10

15:15

15:2

0

15:2

5

D06_08

D06_09

D06_10

D06_11

D06_06

D06_07

D06_01

D06_02

D06_03

DAY 3/03.Oct.2012

SHIFT 6

T6leaves

T5arrives

Lunch Break

D06_04

D06_05

Break

D6_H&S


Shift 7

Code Phase Name

D07_01 Removing the foundation of the porch

D07_02 Removing the top beam of the south wall

D07_03 Removing the 2nd part of the south wall

D07_04 Removing the 1st part of the south wall

D07_05 Removing the upper part of the interior wall

D07_06 Removing the lower part of the interior wall

D07_07 Disassembling the interior mobile scaffold

D07_08 Removing the 3rd eastern wall structural panel

D07_09 Removing the 3rd western wall structural panel

D07_10 Removing the 2nd eastern wall structural panel

D07_11 Removing the 2nd western wall structural panel

D07_12 Removing the 1st eastern wall structural panel

D07_13 Removing the 1st western wall structural panel

D07_14 Removing the 4th platform structural panel

D07_15 Removing the 3rd platform structural panel

D07_16 Removing the 2nd platform structural panel

D07_17 Removing the 1st platform structural panel

First Name

Last Name


1. Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer

Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform

2. Anca Bolohan Decathlet Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform



4. Marius Soflete Structural Engineer



5. Mihai Constantin Decathlet Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform



7. Raluca Paun Decathlet Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform

8. Stefan Ghita Decathlet Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform



D07_01 - Removing the foundation of the porch D07_02 - Removing the top beam of the south wall D07_03 - Removing the 2nd part of the south wall D07_04 - Removing the 1st part of the south wall D07_05 - Removing the upper part of the interior wall D07_06 - Removing the lower part of the interior wall D07_08 - Removing the 3rd eastern wall structural panel D07_09 - Removing the 3rd western wall structural panel D07_10 - Removing the 2nd eastern wall structural panel D07_11 - Removing the 2nd western wall structural panel D07_12 - Removing the 1st eastern wall structural panel D07_13 - Removing the 1st western wall structural panel D07_14 - Removing the 3rd platform structural panel D07_16 - Removing the 2nd platform structural panel D07_17 - Removing the 1st platform structural panel It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Anca Bolohan - Catalin Caraza


- Marius Soflete - Mihai Constantin - Ovidiu Caramangiu - Raluca Paun - Stefan Ghita -

Safe working procedures: - Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D07_07 - Disassembling the interior mobile scaffold It involves:

- Adrian Bucica - Anca Bolohan - Catalin Caraza - Marius Soflete - Mihai Constantin - Ovidiu Caramangiu - Raluca Paun - Stefan Ghita




15:2

5

15:3

0

15:3

5

15:4

0

15:4

5

15:5

0

15:5

5

16:0

0

16:0

5

16:1

0

16:1

5

16:2

0

16:2

5

16:3

0

16:3

5

16:4

0

16:4

5

16:5

0

16:5

5

17:0

0

17:0

5

17:1

0

17:1

5

17:2

0

17:2

5

17:3

0

17:3

5

17:4

0

17:4

5

17:5

0

17:5

5

18:0

0

18:0

5

18:1

0

18:1

5

18:2

0

18:2

5

18:3

0

18:3

5

18:4

0

18:4

5

18:5

0

18:5

5

19:0

0

19:0

5

19:1

0

19:1

5

19:2

0

19:2

5

19:3

0

19:3

5

19:4

0

19:4

5

19:5

0

19:5

5

20:0

0

20:0

5

20:1

0

20:1

5

20:2

0

20:2

5

20:3

0

20:3

5

20:4

0

20:4

5

20:5

0

20:5

5

21:0

0

21:0

5

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0

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5

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0

21:2

5

21:3

0

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5

21:4

0

21:4

5

21:5

0

21:5

5

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0

22:0

5

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0

22:1

5

22:2

0

22:2

5

22:3

0

22:3

5

22:4

0

22:4

5

22:5

0

22:5

5

23:0

0

23:0

5

23:1

0

23:1

5

23:2

0

23:2

5

23:3

0

23:3

5

23:4

0

23:4

5

23:5

0

T5leaves

D07_07

D07_05

D07_06

T4 arrives


D7_H&S

D07_01

D07_02

D07_03

D07_04

Break

Lunch Break

D07_17

D07_08

D07_14

D07_15

D07_16

D07_09

D07_10

D07_11

D07_12

D07_13


Shift 8

Code Phase Name

D08_01 Removing the second transportable module

D08_02 Removing the first transportable module

D08_03 Removing the foundations

D08_04 Disassembly of exterior mobile scaffolding

D08_05 Disconnecting the electrical connection between the generator,

electrical panel and the night lights

D08_06 Removing the generator and the electrical panel

D08_07 Removing tool boxes

D08_08 Removing the night lights

D08_09 Removing boxes with the fire extinguisher, the first aid kit, potable


D08_10 Removing site limitations

First Name

Last Name


1. Adrian Neculae Team Member Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform

2. Catalin Gauloiu Design Coordinator Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform



4. Elena Marilena

Popa Decathlet Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform



6. Mihai Toader-Pasti

Student Team Leader





8. Pierre Bortnowski Project Manager Porch/ South wall/ Interior wall/ Scaffold/ Walls/ Platform

Arrival/Departure of Truck #4. #3, #2 and #1 It involves: truck driver, workers on site Safe working procedures:


D08_01 - Removing the second transportable module D08_02 - Removing the first transportable module D08_03 - Removing the foundations D08_05 - Disconnecting the electrical connection between the generator, electrical panel and the night lights D08_06 - Removing the generator and the electrical panel D08_07 - Removing tool boxes D08_08 - Removing the night lights D08_09 - Removing boxes with the fire extinguisher, the first aid kit, potable water and cups for drinking D08_10 - Removing site limitations It involves:

- Adrian Neculae - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu - Elena Marilena Popa - Irina Mot - Mihai Toader-Pasti - Octavian Timu - Pierre Bortnowski


- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area


23:5

0

23:5

5

0:0

0

0:0

5

0:1

0

0:1

5

0:2

0

0:2

5

0:3

0

0:3

5

0:4

0

0:4

5

0:5

0

0:5

5

1:0

0

1:0

5

1:10 1:15

1:20 1:25

1:30 1:35

1:4

0

1:4

5

1:5

0

1:5

5

2:0

0

2:0

5

2:10

2:15

2:20

2:25

2:30

2:35

2:4

0

2:4

5

2:5

0

2:5

5

3:0

0

3:0

5

3:10

3:15

3:20

3:25

3:30

3:35

3:4

0

3:4

5

3:5

0

3:5

5

4:0

0

4:0

5

4:1

0

4:1

5

4:2

0

4:2

5

4:3

0

4:3

5

4:4

0

4:4

5

4:5

0

4:5

5

5:0

0

5:0

5

5:1

0

5:1

5

5:2

0

5:2

5

5:3

0

5:3

5

5:4

0

5:4

5

5:5

0

5:5

5

6:0

0

6:0

5

6:1

0

6:1

5

6:2

0

6:2

5

6:3

0

6:3

5

6:4

0

6:4

5

6:5

0

6:5

5

7:0

0

7:0

5

7:10

7:15

7:20

7:25

7:30

7:35

7:4

0

7:4

5

7:5

0

7:5

5

SHIFT 8

D8_H&S

D08_01

T4 leaves

T1 arrives

D08_04

T1 leaves

Lunch Break

D08_05

D08_06

D08_07

D08_08

D08_11

D08_09

D08_10

Break

T2arrives

T2 leaves

T3 leaves

DAY 3 DAY 4/04.Oct.2012

D08_02

T3arrives

D08_03


- Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

D08_04 - Disassembly of exterior mobile scaffolding It involves:

- Adrian Neculae - Catalin Gauloiu - Claudiu Butacu - Elena Marilena Popa - Irina Mot - Mihai Toader-Pasti - Octavian Timu - Pierre Bortnowski



b. Overlaps and incompatibilities in the construction

Incompatibilities between activities have been considered for the planning of

activities. Therefore, no other activities or works on site are done while the crane operates with loads, either at assembly or disassembly. For the activities that will be developed at the same time, adequate safety measures were considered: during a shift, organizing the workers into crews that have individual objectives, tools assigned and specific areas where to develop their work, in order to minimize the risks that may arise due to overlaps of their working pathways or working areas.

Concerning the overlaps among activities developed by our team and the neighboring teams in their specific lots, more information can be evaluated and more conclusions can be drawn once the final lot for each team will be selected.

Also, the team will need more information regarding movements of cranes and the load movements done by cranes at specific spots in the Villa Solar, in order to evaluate additional risks.

Overlapped activities for assembly are as followed:

Activity Activity name Overlaps


code AS01_02 Unloading and placing boxes with the fire extinguisher, the

first aid kit, potable water and cups for drinking

AS01_03:

AS01_03: Unloading and placing the night lights AS01_02:

AS01_04: Unloading and placing tool boxes AS01_05

AS01_05: Unloading and placing the generator and the electrical

panel

AS01_04

AS01_08: Placing the foundations AS01_09

AS01_09: Unloading and temporary depositing unassembled parts for

the scaffolding

AS01_08

AS01_10: Assembly of exterior mobile scaffolding AS01_11

AS01_11: Crane arrival and positioning AS01_10

AS01_12: Unloading and assembling the lifting frame AS01_10

AS04_06: Unloading and assembling the northern storage AS04_07 AS04_08

AS04_07 Unloading and placing the laterals of the house AS04_06

AS04_08 Unloading and placing the rest of the materials from the

truck

AS04_06

AS05_01: Electrical connection with the Villa Solar Power Grid, wire

placing and lighting system installation

AS05_02 AS05_03 AS05_04 AS05_05 AS05_06 AS05_07 AS05_08 AS05_09 AS05_10 AS05_11 AS05_12 AS05_13

AS05_02: Covering the gaps in the structural roof panels used for

connecting the roof panels between them

AS05_01 AS05_03 AS05_04

AS05_03: Connection of the air ducts between the technical room

and the upper part of the interior wall

AS05_01 AS05_02

AS05_04: Install the 2 internal units of the air conditioning, above the

east and west windows

AS05_01 AS05_02 AS05_05

AS05_05: Installing the gutter AS05_01


AS05_04 AS05_06

AS05_06: Placing the piping between the external and internal units

of the air conditioning

AS05_01 AS05_05 AS05_07 AS05_08

AS05_07: Completion of the zinc sheets with the zinc batten caps AS05_01 AS05_06

AS05_08: Completion of zinc sheet system AS05_01

AS05_06 AS05_09

AS05_09: HVAC system verification AS05_01 AS05_06

AS05_10: Installing the solar panels AS05_01 AS05_09

AS05_11: Pipes connections AS05_01

AS05_12 AS05_13

AS05_12: Installing the support rails for PVs AS05_01 AS05_11

AS05_13: Installing PVs AS05_01 AS05_11

AS06_01: Placing the rest of the PVs AS06_02 AS06_03

AS06_02: Exterior finishing AS06_01 AS06_03

AS01_03: Interior finishing AS06_01 AS06_02

AS07_01: Interior finishing AS07_02 AS07_03 AS07_04

AS07_02: Completing the zinc ridge after the PVs completion AS07_01

AS07_03: Dissasembly of the roof safe handrail, the exterior mobile

scaffolding, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline

AS07_01

AS07_04: Dissasembly of the lot’s limitations, and landscape

assembly

AS07_04

Overlapped activities for disassembly are as followed:

Activity code

Activity name Overlaps

D02_01 Disassembly of the landscape and placing the lot’s

limitations

D02_02 D02_04


D02_02 Assembly of the exterior mobile scaffolding, the roof safe

handrail, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline

D02_01

D02_03 Removing the zinc ridge -

D02_04 Removal of the interior and exterior finishing along the

joining of the structural panels

D02_01

D03_01 Removing the PVs D03_02 D03_03 D03_04 D03_05 D03_06 D04_01

D03_02 Remove the connection of the pipes D03_01 D03_03

D03_03 Storing the refrigerant in the outdoor AC unit D03_01 D03_02

D03_04 Removing the piping between the external and internal

units of the air conditioning

D03_01

D03_05 Uninstall the 2 internal units of the air conditioning, above

the east and west windows

D03_01

D03_06 Disconnect of the air ducts between the technical room and

the upper part of the interior wall

D03_01 D04_01

D04_01 Removing the PVs D03_01 D03_06

D05_01 Remove the solar panels D05_02 D05_03

D05_02 Uninstalling the support rails for PVs D05_01 D05_03

D05_03 Removing zinc batten caps D05_01 D05_02

D05_05 Removing the elements used for covering the gaps in the

structural roof panels used for connecting the roof panels

between them

D05_06

D05_06 Disconnecting the electrical connection with the Villa Solar

Power Grid, the placed wires and the lighting system

installation

D05_05 D05_07

D05_07 Disassembling the laterals of the house. D05_06


c. Number of workers taking part in the construction

First

Name Last Name

Identity Card Series

Personal Identification

Number Date of birth Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly,

Maintenance and Disassembly stages

1 Adrian Bucica TR 262745 1 85 05 27 340 910 27th of May 1985 Electrical Engineer Electrician, General House Assembly/Disassembly

2 Adrian Enciu RD 290620 1 67 10 06 443 075 6th of October 1967 Project Engineer PVs

3 Adrian Neculae KL 317262 1 86 10 31 510 109 31st of October 1986 Team Member PVs

4 Adriana Mihailescu RT 779572 2 85 09 20 450 020 20th of September 1985 Project Architect General House Assembly/Disassembly, Exterior Finishing, Zinc Sheet Placing

5 Anca Bolohan XC 276291 2 89 08 20 046 228 20th of August 1989 Decathlet General House Assembly/Disassembly

6 Andrada Toader-Pasti RR 619582 2 86 01 09 181 090 9th of January 1986 Decathlet General House Assembly/Disassembly

7 Catalin Caraza NT 354014 1 88 05 18 272 470 18th of May 1988 Construction Manager General House Assembly/Disassembly, Rigger, PVs, , Zinc Sheet Placing

8 Catalin Gauloiu VX 275117 1 86 03 21 385 593 21st of March 1986 Design Coordinator General House Assembly/Disassembly

9 Claudiu Butacu XC 156605 1 88 11 11 046 239 11st of November 1988 Instrumentation Contact Electrician, General House Assembly/Disassembly

10 Cristina Alistar RR 836727 2 88 07 30 226 201 30th of July 1988 Decathlet General House Assembly/Disassembly, Exterior Finishing, Zinc Sheet Placing

11 Dumitru Moldoveanu RX 307560 1 86 08 21 410 086 21st of August 1986 Site Operations Coordinator

General House Assembly/Disassembly

12 Elena Marilena

Popa TR 346657 2 88 12 27 340 917 27th of December 1988 Decathlet Interior Finishing

13 Iacob Mocanu RR 875393 1 88 01 14 460 051 14th of January 1988 Health & Safety Officer General House Assembly/Disassembly, Pipes

14 Ioana Prodan BV 192060 2 88 02 02 080 044 2nd of February 1988 Decathlet General House Assembly/Disassembly

15 Ionut Patrascu PH 433025 1 90 01 01 297 265 1st of January 1990 Team Member General House Assembly/Disassembly

16 Irina Mot OT 522850 2 87 09 05 280 022 5th of September 1987 Site Operations Coordinator

General House Assembly/Disassembly, Exterior Finishing

17 Lucia Leca PH 626725 2 88 08 03 297 347 3th of August 1988 Decathlet General House Assembly/Disassembly, Interior Finishing


18 Marius Soflete KV 256215 1 87 06 16 142 407 16th of June 1987 Structural Engineer General House Assembly/Disassembly, Preparing Clay

19 Mihai Constantin RR 805867 1 87 09 13 420 018 13th of September 1987 Decathlet Preparing Clay, General House Assembly/Disassembly

20 Mihai Toader-Pasti GZ 358410 1 91 11 07 181 091 7th of November 1991 Student Teal Leader General House Assembly/Disassembly

21 Mihai-Vlad

Cirlan KT 844878 1 88 09 07 133 926 7th of September 1988 Contest Captain General House Assembly/Disassembly, HVAC

22 Mihnea Ghildus RT 764052 1 82 09 27 410 040 27th of September 1982 Communications Advisor General House Assembly/Disassembly

23 Mircea Damian SZ 242570 1 87 12 29 104 276 29th of December 1987 Decathlet General House Assembly/Disassembly

24 Octavian Timu NT 329641 1 88 04 03 044 884 3th of April 1988 Health & Safety Coordinator

General House Assembly/Disassembly, PVs, , Zinc Sheet Placing

25 Olivia Goran PH 425477 2 89 08 14 297 319 14th of August 1989 Decathlet Interior Finishing

26 Ovidiu Caramangiu TC 067200 1 88 09 26 360 049 26th of September 1988 Health & Safety Officer General House Assembly/Disassembly, Pipes

27 Ovidiu Constantin RD 236789 1 88 03 23 450 054 23th of March 1988 Sponsorship Manager


Taking into consideration the type of activity for each shift, the workers on site,

the arrival and leaving of the trucks and the crane operation, the hours designated for

each worker per day will be over 7.5 hours, according to the Regional Regulation.

Every shift has one hour as lunch time and one or two 15 minutes break, to

prevent the highest risk of tiredness and loss of concentration.

For each shift there is a designated HS Team Officer and a rigger, when needed.

The shifts adopted for the assembly of the house, taking into consideration all the

observations noticed above, are the followings:

Shift name

Starting time

Finishing time Working hours

Lunch time Break during shift

D1 Day 1 08:00

Day 1 16:40

8:40h 11:45-12:45 10:00-10:15 14:30-14:45

D2 Day 1 16:40

Day 2 01:35

8:55h 20:40-21:40 16:40-16:55 23:40-23:55

D3 Day 2 01:35

Day 2 10:30

8:55h 05:50-06:50 03:35-03:50 08:35-08:50

D4 Day 2 10:30

Day 2 19:20

8:50h 14:45-15:45 12:30-12:45 17:30-17:45

D5 Day 2 19:20

Day 3 04:00

8:40h 22:30-23:30 20:35-20:50 02:25-02:40

D6 Day 3 04:00

Day 3 12:00

8:00h 08:45-09:45 07:00-07:15

D7 Day 3 12:00

Day 3 20:25

8:25h 16:05-17:05 14:15-14:25

D8 Day 3 20:25

Day 4 04:30

8:05h 00:55-01:55 22:40-22:55

The shifts adopted for the assembly of the house, taking into consideration all the

observations noticed above, are the followings:

Shift name

Starting time

Finishing time Working hours

Lunch time Break during shift

AS1 Day 1 12:00

Day 1 20:00

8:00h 15:50-16:50 13:55-14:10 18:25-16:40

AS2 Day 1 20:05

Day 2 04:15

8:10h 00:20-01:20 22:05-22:50 03:20-03:35

AS3 Day 2 04:15

Day 2 12:40

8:25h 08:15-09:15 06:30-06:45 10:55- 11:10

AS4 Day 2 Day 2 7:30h 16:55-17:55 14:55-15:10


12:40 20:10 AS5 Day 3

08:00 Day 3 16:55

8:55h 12:15-13:15 10:00-10:15 15:00-15:15

AS6 Day 4 08:00

Day 4 16:55

8:55h 12:15-13:15 10:00-10:15 15:00-15:15

AS7 Day 5 08:00

Day 5 16:55

8:55h 12:15-13:15 10:00-10:15 15:00-15:15

AS8 Day 6 08:00

Day 6 16:55

8:55h 12:15-13:15 10:00-10:15 15:00-15:15

Workers on

shift Journeys

Assembly Shift 1 8 8 Assembly Shift 2 8 8 Assembly Shift 3 8 8 Assembly Shift 4 8 8 Assembly Shift 5 11 11 Assembly Shift 6 14 14 Assembly Shift 7 9 9 Assembly Shift 8 9 9

Disassembly Shift 1 7 7 Disassembly Shift 2 7 7 Disassembly Shift 3 7 7 Disassembly Shift 4 6 6 Disassembly Shift 5 8 8 Disassembly Shift 6 8 8 Disassembly Shift 7 8 8 Disassembly Shift 8 8 8 Maintenance 17 days; 1 shift per day 8 136

TOTAL JOURNEYS 270

d. Contracting planned

As soon as the transport company is known and details concerning the drivers

that will drive the trucks will be provided, the H&S Documentation will be updated.


6. Critical work phases for risks prevention Operations with especially serious risks of burial, collapse or falling from a great height difference, due to the activity’s characteristics, the procedures applied or the environment.

Working on heights. For further details, please consul B.10. where “Precautions when

working on heights” are detailed.

Operations in which the exposure to chemical or biological agents supposes a risk of special seriousness; or for which the specific alertness of the health of the workpeople is legally required.

N/A

Operations with exhibition to ionize radiations in which it is mandatory to limit the areas under control or surveillance.

N/A

Operations near high voltage lines N/A Operations involving risk of drowning due to immersion. N/A Operations of excavation in tunnels or shafts, and any other activity involving subsoil movement.

N/A

Operations realized in immersion using sub aquatic equipment.

N/A

Operations realized in compressed air boxes N/A Operations implying the use of explosives N/A Operations requiring the assembly or disassembly of heavy prefabricated elements

The crane is operating with heavy loads.

For further details, please consul B.10. where “Proper precautions when the crane is operating with

loads” are detailed.

7. Risks identification and efficacy evaluation of the adopted protections

a. Location and identification of the areas where the works involving special risks will be developed.

Special risks Activity involving special risks Areas where the works will be developed

Working on heights

AS01_10: Assembly of exterior mobile scaffolding

Lot area where the assembly is designated

AS01_13: Placing the first Around the lot area


transportable module where the module will be placed


Around the lot area where the module will be placed



AS03_03: Unloading and placing the upper part of the interior wall

Around the interior wall

AS03_06: Unloading and placing the top beam of the south wall

One side of the south wall



AS03_15: Unloading and placing the porch beam

Around the porch area

AS04_01: Placing the 1st structural roof panel

Roof

AS04_02: Placing the 2nd structural roof panel

Roof

AS04_03: Placing the 3rd structural roof panel

Roof

AS04_04: Placing the 4th structural roof panel

Roof

AS04_05: Placing the 5th structural roof panel

Roof

AS05_02: Covering the gaps in the structural roof panels used for connecting the roof panels between them

Roof

AS05_03: Connection of the air ducts between the technical room and the upper part of the interior wall

Around the interior wall

AS05_05: Installing the gutter Roof AS05_07: Completion of the zinc sheets with the zinc batten caps

Roof

AS05_08: Completion of zinc sheet system

Roof

AS05_10: Installing the solar panels

Roof

AS05_12: Installing the support rails for PVs

Roof

AS05_13: Placing the PVs Roof AS06_02: Exterior finishing Around the exterior walls AS01_03: Interior finishing Around the interior walls AS07_02: Completing the zinc ridge after the PVs completion

Roof


AS07_03: Dissasembly of the roof safe handrail, the exterior mobile scaffolding, exterior south scaffolding and lifeline

Roof, scaffolding area, lifeline area

AS08_01: Dissasembly of the interior scaffold

Scaffold area

The crane is operating with heavy loads

AS01_13: Unloading and placing the first transportable module


Truc area, module/element path until designated place

AS02_02: Unloading and placing the 1st platform structural panel AS02_03: Unloading and placing the 2nd platform structural panel AS02_04: Unloading and placing the 3rd platform structural panel AS02_05: Unloading and placing the 4th platform structural panel AS02_06: Unloading and placing the 5th platform structural panel AS02_07: Unloading and placing the 1st western wall structural panel AS02_08: Unloading and placing the 1st eastern wall structural panel AS02_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd western wall structural panel AS02_10: Unloading and placing the 2nd eastern wall structural panel AS02_11: Unloading and placing the 3rd western wall structural panel AS02_12: Unloading and placing the 3rd eastern wall structural panel AS03_02: Unloading and placing the lower part of the interior wall AS03_03: Unloading and placing the upper part of the interior wall AS03_04: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the south wall AS03_05: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the south wall AS03_06: Unloading and placing


the top beam of the south wall AS03_08: Unloading and placing the 1st part of the porch platform AS03_09: Unloading and placing the 2nd part of the porch platform AS03_10: Unloading and placing the 3rd part of the porch platform AS03_11: Unloading and placing the 1st wall of the vestibule AS03_12: Unloading and placing the 2nd wall of the vestibule AS03_13: Unloading and placing the 3rd wall of the vestibule AS04_01: Unloading, attaching the safety handrail and placing the 1st structural roof panel AS04_02: Unloading and placing the 2nd structural roof panel AS04_03: Unloading and placing the 3rd structural roof panel AS04_04: Unloading and placing the 4th structural roof panel AS04_05: Unloading, attaching the safety handrail and placing the 5th structural roof panel AS04_08: Unloading and placing the northern module

b. Risks identification and efficiency evaluation of the adopted protections


8. Collective protections to use

The collective protections used are listed in the following table:

NAME OF COLLECTIVE PROTECTION

MANUFACTURER/PROVIDER

Traffic cones The necessary collective protection – without the potable water supply and the sun screen – will have to be rented from construction firms in/near Madrid. Specific firm yet to be determined. As soon as the firm passes the necessary technical certificates and quality specification will be provided and the H&S Documentation updated

Signaling tape

Mobile scaffolding (for exterior)

Mobile scaffolding (for interior)

Scaffolding along the South facade of the house Life line

Railings/Safety hand rail on the roof

Potable water supply

Sun screen

9. Individual protection resources to use The individual protections used are listed in the following table:

NAME OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION MANUFACTURER/PROVIDER

Hard hat Our sponsors:

Safety glasses

Mouth protection

Safety gloves

Overalls

T-Shirt

Long Sleeve Jacket

Safety Boots

Harness


Retractable life line

a. Signposting of the risks

The signposts used are listed in the following table:

SIGNPOST Type Location

Permanent

Site entry; at the four corners of the site; at the middle of the site edges

Temporary Site entry; at the four corners of the site; at the middle of the site edges

Temporary Site entry; at the four corners of the site; at the middle of the site edges

Temporary At the corners of the site; house entrance

Permanent Site entry; at the four corners of the

site; at the middle of the site edges

Permanent

Near the generator; near the electrical panel; at the entrance of the technical room in the house

Permanent On the boxes containing the fire extinguishers

Temporary

Site entry; near the truck stationary area

Permanent

at the entrance of the technical room in the house

Permanent On the scaffolding, for the work done on the roof

Permanent Near the generator; site entry; at the four corners of the site; at the middle of the site edges


Temporary On the scaffolding

10. Safe working procedures of every team member

The following safe working procedures will be applied as stated B.5.a, detailed as following:

- Coordination and information among workers - Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger - Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads - Proper precautions when working with electrical equipment - Precautions when working on heights - Proper precautions when working in hot weather - Proper precautions when working in cold weather - Proper precautions when working during hard rain - Keeping clean the working area - Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

Coordination and information among workers

Working cooperatively is only possible when the workers on site have all the

same purpose and can make decisions rationally in pursuing that purpose. The first condition is fulfilled for sure, so the matter remains the latter. For this purpose, constant coordination and information among workers on site is crucial. Relational co-ordination is characterized by frequent, timely, problem solving communication, and by helping, shared knowledge and mutual respect. Only with proper communication all workers on site can understand his/her role, can perform that role effectively and can work cooperatively with all the other workers on site for succesfully accomplishing all the activities planned for a certain shift. They will decide issues based on gathering and weighing information about alternatives, adapting the plan according to possible errors or not prevented risks.

All current workers must possess and use two sets of skills—working with others skills and information-based decision-making skills. The working with others skills are clarifying and confirming, which enables a worker to build an accurate picture of what another person is sharing, which allow that worker to add his or her ideas in a way that builds better solutions while maintaining positive relationships. The absence of these


skills hampers communication and results in misunderstanding and poor coordination. The essential information-based decision-making skills are specifying the decision's goal, generating alternatives, defining decision criteria, evaluating alternatives against criteria, and concluding which alternative to choose.

Health and safety coordination on construction sites begins right at the planning phase of a project. Constant communication is the key for preventing possible risks. It is the best way to identify and prevent all the risks involved for the activities, even when they are in the making, and should cover all aspects of construction and every potential hazard that can arise at the site.

For organizing work to support relational co-ordination and to prevent risks,

communication among workers on site includes: - Construction manager informs the workers on site about the sequence of all the

activities involved in the present shift - H&S responsible is explaining all the measures needed to be taken for a proper

progress of activities - Organizing the workers in smaller teams if necessary - Extra explanations about a special activity which can be done only by some

workers and coordination between them - Information about tools position and their usage - Indications about loads manipulation from the truck - Indications about loads lifting and placing - Information about worker’s position regarding different activities - Information about drawings, existing documentation for the project - Measurements and indication for placing the elements - Warnings about people position when the crane is operating loads - Information about possible errors - Explanations about correcting possible errors

Coordination and information among crane operator and rigger

For the safety of all workers present on the lot and for preventing any kind of damage to the loads, the coordination and communication among the crane operator and the rigger is essential. For this purpose, there are some standard hand signals for controlling the crane actions:


HOIST. Forearm vertical, forefinger pointing up, move hand in small horizontal circles.

LOWER. Arm extended downward, forefinger pointing

down, move hand in small horizontal circles.

USE MAIN HOIST. Tap fist on head; then use regular

signals.

USE WHIP LINE. Tap elbow with one hand; then use

regular signals.

RAISE BOOM. Arm extended, fingers closed, thumb

pointing upward.

LOWER BOOM. Arm extended, fingers closed, thumb

pointing down.


MOVE SLOWLY. One hand gives motion signal, other

hand motionless in front of hand giving the motion signal.

RAISE THE BOOM AND LOWER THE LOAD. Arm extended, thumb pointing up, flex fingers in and out.

SWING. Arm extended, point with finger in direction of swing.

STOP. Arm extended, palm down, hold.

EMERGENCY STOP. Arm extended, palm down, move hand rapidly right and left.

TRAVEL. Arm extended forward, hand open and slightly raised, pushing motion in direction of travel.

EXTEND BOOM. Both fists in front of body with thumbs pointing outward.


RETRACT BOOM. Both fists in front of body with thumbs pointing toward each other.

Proper precautions when the crane is operating with loads

Cranes and lifting devices are powerful, rugged machines that are critical to construction operations. Crane operators must be committed to moving loads in a safe, controlled manner in order to avoid injuries and property damage. When operating a crane, slow, steady and deliberate movements are necessary for safety. Avoiding working under a suspended load unless jacks or blocks are supporting the entire weight. A crane operator must remain at the crane's controls if someone is working under a supported load.

How to attach the lifting beam All components of the lifting device and rigging must be properly rated and

certified load-tested to handle the load. This is why no homemade lifting devices should be used, or attempt to repair any lifting device. These types of unapproved modifications can lead to disaster.

What to do before lifting a load The rigger is a specialized worker and will be responsible for all the connections

of the loads, making sure everything is made for a properly handling of the loads. The rigger connects the textile strings with the chains and the hook of the crane. After he does this operation, the load is ready to be lifted. No workers should stay too close or under the lifting and moving to place path of the load. To effectively manage the safe rigging and hoisting of loads, ensure:

- A worker instructed to be rigger and oversees all lifting operations - All rigging devices are used properly and are in good condition - Main hoisting line has been inspected, properly installed and maintained

How to safely lift and move a load If this is the first lift of the day, take a moment to test the crane’s brakes by lifting

the load a few inches and letting it hang about 30 seconds. If the brakes are functioning properly, the load should not slip. The crane must be directly over the load before you lift. When a crane is not placed directly over a load to be lifted, known as “side loading,” it can damage parts of the crane and rigging as well as cause the load to swing out of control.

When moving the load, it must be carried high enough to clear obstacles along the path. Operators and riggers must understand that there is never any reason to ride a load. This dangerous practice is strictly prohibited. No matter how much control workers may think they have, they should should never pass the load over co-workers


and never allow them to pass under the load.

How to safely place in position a load Riggers and operators should be aware of pinch points created by slings and

attachments as the load is raised and be aware of the location of feet and hands when landing a load. Same for the workers, to be able to prevent injury for improper position or improper handling of the load. The rigger releases the textile strings from the chains. Designated workers are placing the element in position, making sure their position and handling will not imply any risk, as the crane is removed.

Proper precautions when working with electrical equipment

The overall aim is to ensure the safety of, and minimize the potential harm to human health and property associated with working on electrical equipment and installations. If no safety precautions are taken, anyone working with dangerous electrical equipment can risk severe injuries.

These precautions apply to the workers- electricians for the electrical system of the house and the connection with the Villa Solar grid, and also for the workers assembling and disassembling the PVs.

To prevent any risk, anyone involved in such activities should: - Coordination and information between the workers (electricians) and the SDE

Organization regarding the connection with the Villa Solar grid - Warnings signs (red) and caution signs (yellow)should be located where haz

ardous conditions exist.

- Eye protection: safety glasses - Insulating gloves: rubber - Insulating tools - Special protective protective clothing - Special protective boots - Special protective tools


Precautions when working on heights

Work at height means work in any place where, if precautions were not taken, a person could fall down and injure themselves. The key to preventing injury from work at height is to carry out a risk assessment, so you can choose the right precautions.

We talk about risks when working on heights when: - working above ground level - could fall from an edge, through an opening or fragile surface; - could fall from the split level - using working platforms such as fix or mobile scaffolds - work on the roof

Working at height may be a one off, or routine. The types of equipment which may be used when working at heights to minimise risk include:

- avoid the need to work at height in the first place: long-handled tools or other

equipment can sometimes be used to safely carry out a task from ground level - identifying whether there are any fragile surfaces - avoid the need to work on or near or pass across them by the fragile surfaces - using work equipment: - fix/ mobile scaffold, stairs - using fixed work platform - using mobile work platform - retractable lifeline - hard hat - waist high barriers

All areas, where work is being carried out at height and there is a risk to people

from falling objects all be, as far as practicable barricaded and clearly marked.

Proper precautions when working in hot weather

When temperatures rise to extreme highs, to reduce risks, the following

precautions must be taken: - Educating workers about recognising the early symptoms of heat stress - Providing more frequent rest breaks and introduce shading to rest areas, when

possible - Providing free access to cool drinking water - Introducing shading in areas where individuals are working, when possible - Encouraging the removal of personal protective equipment when resting to help

encourage heat loss - For protection against sun:


- Keeping the top on - Wearing a hat with a brim or a flap that covers the ears and the back of the neck. - Staying in the shade whenever possible, during breaks and especially at lunch

time, when possible - Use a high factor sunscreen of at least SPF15 on any exposed skin. - Drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration and avoid beverages that contain

caffeine or a lot of sugar - Make sure meals are balanced and light - Make sure pets have plenty of water - Check your skin regularly for any unusual moles or spots. See a doctor promptly

if you find anything that is changing in shape, size or colour, itching or bleeding. - Get to know your skin’s most vulnerable areas (e.g. back of neck, head) and keep

them covered - At first signs of heat illness (dizziness, nausea, headaches, muscle cramps), the

worker should move to a cooler location, rest for a few minutes and slowly drink a cool beverage

Proper precautions when working in cold weather

Due to significant temperature difference between day and night during the

construction period, workers on night/morning shifts must apply proper precautions for cold weather. This includes:

- Using the coat from the equipment

Proper precautions when working during hard rain

No matter what type of activities is in the making, getting wet is to be avoided.

There are several activities that involve working outside regardless if it is raining or not. In case of hard rain weather, each worker on site will wear rain gear. If the visibility is an issue, they will wear high visibility rain gear. The fluorescent colored fabric being helpful for co-workers/crane driver, truck driver, to see each other.

Keeping clean the working area/ Keeping in order the areas, tools and materials

Accidents could occur not only from major mistakes, but also from neglectful usage and temporary depositing of tools, materials on site. In order for this not to happen, every worker should know the right place for each tool, equipment, material in


using. After finishing using them, he/she should bring them in their designated place, or pass it to the next worker in need.

These kinds of risks are avoided with proper instruction for all the workers involved in the assembling, maintenance and disassembling of the house.

Apart from the safety procedure previously described, the following pages indicate the safe working methods of the assembly and disassembly of the house. Please consult this section along with B.An.1.

A&D1 The truck drivers will follow the team member/worker of every shift designated to guide him through Villa Solar from the entrance to the team’s lot and from the team’s lot to the exit point of Villa Solar. The speed of the combined movement of the team member/worker and truck will not exceed 5 km/h. When nearing the team’s lot, the guide will instruct the truck driver for properly stationing the truck into the team’s lot. When leaving the lot, the guide and truck driver will always check before the movement begins if the pathway is clear and if any other trucks are approaching. Inside the team’s lot, when waiting for the arrival of the truck or its departure, the team members/workers will keep clear of the designated area for the truck stationing marked with adhesive tape on the ground (the adhesive tape is to be renewed constantly). After the truck has stopped and its breaks are on, team members/workers may approach commence the tasks planned. A&D2 Unloading materials from the trucks will be done in an orderly manner. Crews of two or three team members/workers will successively to unload various material from the truck and carrying them to the their designated positions inside the team’s lot or will carry the materials from the designated temporary depositing area inside the lot to the truck. On the depositing platform of the truck will always be a crew that will passes the load to a crew waiting on the level of the terrain – during the unloading of the trucks – and that will receive a load brought by a crew operating on the level of the terrain.

Crews will always work on the indications of the load/unload coordinator – a team member/worker that knows the areas for storage in case of unloading the trucks and the order of loading into the trucks. The load/unload coordinator will be the Health & Safety team officer assigned for every shift and will also indicate for every crew carrying materials a pathway. All these measures will ensure a more safe load/unloading procedure, in order to eliminate as much as possible the usual risks: crews’ pathway intersections leading to workers colliding or getting hit with carried loads by other workers or workers between workers.

Workers will manipulate and carry the materials properly and using appropriate protective equipment. They will store the materials according to material, size and type in order to obtain a secure storage. No special materials that require special procedures are used by the team.

The team will use self-made boxes from OSB in order to store the necessary tools, the potable water, the fire extinguishers, the first aid kit and also some protective


equipment, but also the packaging material used for the water protection of the structural elements to be unloaded to be reused at the disassembly. The boxes will have rotating wheels in order for an easy moving into the lot.

A&D3 The electrical crew will check the generator and will connect it to the electrical panel. Next step will be to deploy the necessary cables to connect the lights at the corners of the lot. The wiring and the cables will be secured against water using an additional tube with a sufficient sized diameter to house all the cabling during the assembly and disassembly of the prototype. In the end a check for the installation will be made.

The uninstalling procedure does not generate additional risks. The usage and maintenance of the generator will be done according to the

manufacture’s instruction manual. A&D4 The team members/workers will choose the necessary adjustable steel supports with the appropriate size for the bottom wooden piece and the corresponding bracing from the storage area for the adjustable steel supports. With measuring the position of the supports is chosen and the steel bracing is put into place. After fine tuning to the final position and fixing the braces with a drilling machine with a tubular key for the round headed bolts, the height of the supports is set using a level. The reverse process does not generate additional risks. A&D5 The mounting and the dismantling of the scaffolding will be done according to the instructions manual. A&D6 The assembly and disassembly process of the structure of the house requires that prefabricated structural elements be unloaded for the truck and placed in their designated position. The structural elements represent vertical panels, horizontal panels, 2 modules, an approx. 9 meter long beam and they all constitute heavy loads that require a crane to operate. In addition, a number of various materials are stacked in a “palletable” way to facilitate a fast unload/load from the truck to the designated area in the team’s lot and vice versa. The following course of action will be taken when unloading structural elements from the trucks for the assembly stages:

- The rigger either climbs on the stacked structural elements stored into the truck or climbs up a mobile scaffold placed near the truck in order to gain access to connect the crane’s hook the elements to be moved;

- In case of the vertical panels, the horizontal panels, the porch floor and the approx. 9 meter long beam, he connects the crane’s hook to the previously designated textile belts left outside the structural element’s rim using chains; for the transportable modules the rigger first connects the chains hanging from the special lifting beam to the textile strings incorporated into base


structure of each module; the crane’s hook is connected with the lifting beam; every carried element will have ropes connected at this point at least four points of the element.

- The rigger climbs down safely and, if case, removes the scaffolding from the position near the truck and places it near the final position of the structural element that is moved. The rest of the team members/workers stay clear from the pathway of the carried element. No team member/worker will stay or pass under the load’s way. The crane moves the load and the crane operator respects the signaling of the rigger. Any adjusting of the position of the carried element in midair will be done using the ropes connected previously;

- When the moved element is near its final position, at a sufficient height, the workers – either on ground level or on the scaffolding- approach the element to fine tune to its designated position. The crane further lowers the structural element until to its final position and, if case, the workers further complete the structural joining between the newly positioned element and the rest of the structure. After that they make space for the rigger and he, using the scaffold if needed to reach the connection, releases the connection between the element’s textile belts or strings and the chains.

The following course of action will be taken when loading structural elements into the trucks for the disassembly stages:

- If case, the workers will detach the joining between the structural element to

be disassembled and the rest of the structure of the house. After, they will make space for the rigger to call for the crane’s hook with chains or the lifting beam. Making use of the mobile scaffold if needed to reach the required height, he connects the element. The ropes at at least four point of the structural element are connected;

- The rigger climbs down safely and removes the scaffold from position near the element and places near the truck. He then directs the crane operator to move the element to the desired position above the truck. During the loads movement, No team member/worker will stay or pass under. Any adjusting of the position of the carried element in midair will be done using the ropes connected previously;

- The crane lowers the carried element into the truck. When near its final position workers fine tune it’s position with the ropes. After positioning the element, the rigger disconnects the crane from its load.

A special course of action is to be taken when assembling the roof of the house: - After finishing the assembly of the roof 9the 4 roof panels), the laterals of the

house are put in place (6 pieces on the west and east side of the house). - Once they are put in place, with the help of the mobile scaffolding, the

handrail on each side of the house is mounted on the roof.

A&D7


The first task of the electrics crew is to make the connection with the Villa Solar power grid. Next, the wiring and channeling for sockets, home appliances, radiant panels, living room and workspace (bedroom) is completed, as well as the joining of the wiring at the connection between structural elements.

Using proper tools with adequate protection is mandatory to minimalize the risks involved.

For the disassembly of the house, the following actions are to be considered:

- The power is cut off. - The cable between the house connecting box, situated on the northern

storage of the house, and the electrical panel is pulled through the canal between the two transportable modules and deposited in the technical room.

- Disconnecting the circuits from the 2 panels in the first transportable module: one in the kitchen and the other one in the bedroom.

- Disconnecting the circuit from the eastern wall of the bedroom. - Disconnecting the room manager and the TV circuits from from the

technical room panel - Lighting and the radiant panels are disconnected - The rest of the lighting (exterior) circuits are disconnected

A&D8 When working on the roof for completion of the zinc sheeting, the installing of

the solar panels and the installing of the PVs, the following course of action will be undertaken:

- Before any work is to be done on the roof, the life line along the ridge of the house is mounted: using the mobile exterior platform, the support ends of the life line is installed on the eastern and western wall of the upper transportable module. Next the life line itself is connected at the ends.

- Using a roof ladder, a team member/worker wearing a harness, climbs on it from the scaffolding along the south facade. When reaching the end, at the ridge he connects a retractable safety line to the life line along the ridge and his harness. He is now ready to work on the roof;

- Up to two workers wearing a harness and connected with a retractable safety line to the life line along the ridge will work on the roof. Necessary materials – zinc sheeting, solar panels or PVs - will be carried by other workers up the scaffold and passed to them

- When the work is finished on the roof, the workers may remove the roof ladder. The first worker will have its retractable safety line removed by the remaining worker. The last worker will position himself on the scaffold along the south façade, will disconnect his retractable life from its harness and, without letting it loose, he will hook it in place at the lower edge of the roof, in order to be used for future works on the roof and for the disassembly.


\ A&D9 The HVAC crew will first make the connection for the air ducts between the

upper part of the interior wall and the equipment in the technical room. After that, they proceed to install the interior air conditioning units above the windows on the east and western wall.

For the piping between the interior and exterior air conditioning units, the HVAC crew will use a bending tool for pipes. The pipes needed for completion of the system will be introduced into the eastern and western wall from the north side of the house through previously designed spaces. The connection between pipes and the connection between the units and the pipes are simply to realize and do not require more special tools with special protective measures.

For the disassembly process the storing of the refrigerant in the outdoor AC unit is required. This will be done through the following process: mounting the pressure gauges, closing the output valve (valves), and starting the compressor. When the pressure gauges reach negative pressure we can proceed to closing the input valve (valves) of the compressor. After this process the dismantling of the system may continue.

A&D10 The crew that will assemble and dismantle the pipes and their connections rely

on Hollander connections and previously precut pipes to minimalize the work risks. In order to disassemble the sanitary installation, all electrical equipment

connected to the plumbing system must be disconnected from the electrical supply: distribution pump, hot water electrical heater, solar circulation pump, solar cover system, grey water filter system, UV filter, grey water boost station.

The following steps are to be executed: 1. Drain cold and hot water plumbing system Open a hot water faucet (bathroom sink or kitchen sink) to empty the vertical hot

water pipeline and to create a ventilation loop for further drainage. Open a cold water faucet (bathroom sink or kitchen sink) to drain the solar boiler

and vertical cold water pipeline. 2. Drain solar circuit Drainage is done with recovery of solar fluid by connecting the the drain valve on

the solar circulation unit to the solar fluid tank located in the technical module. 3. Disconnect solar collectors • Loosen all connectors on each solar panel and remove pipelines; • Loosen upper screws on the mounting system of the collectors and pull clamps

sideways to release the upper support;


• Push collector upwards to release from lower support; • Lift each collector and place carefully in storage. 4. Disconnect lower to upper modules pipeline connections Loosen all connectors in bathroom technical niche and in the technical module

and lift all 5 pipes. 5. Disconnect water supply line between the house and water tanks 6. Disconnect pipeline between the fresh water tanks 7. Disconnect waste water tanks. 8. Drain tanks using drainage connector situated at the base of each tank A&D11 For the works regarding the exterior finishing, the crew assigned will have to

complete the clay plaster finishing along the joining of the structural elements. A number of workers will prepare the clay by adding the required amount of water into a bucket filled with enough unprocessed clay. Next, the workers – both those on the ground level and those on the scaffolding – apply the composition on the wall using grouters, trowels, etc.

A&D12 Similar to the works done in A&D12. A&D13 The installing of the flooring consists of placing the stone slabs and the wooden

flooring. The wooden floor is made up of preassembled pieces. Two workers will carry

each piece into the house, will place it successively to its designated position and will fix it with screw and a drilling machine. The disassemble process consists of the reversed process.

The 23 stone slabs are placed in an wooden framing that will keep them in place. A&D14 The various parts of the landscape are preassembled and the joining or

dismantling of such parts and unloading or loading represents a task that does not present important risks. Team members/workers assigned to this activity will be organized in crews with specific areas to work in, assigned tools and previously indicated objectives (for example: placing of plants along the south limit of the lot, assembling the ramp on the north side of the lot, etc.) in order to limit the intersections between the works that the crews do and minimizing risks that may arise because of them.

A&D15


To minimize the risks during the assembly and disassembly of the furniture the team members/workers will be assigned in smaller teams and for each such team the exact pieces of furniture to assemble will indicate, as well as the area and tools to be used. These measures will reduce the risks generated by the intersections of working areas such as accidents caused by living beings or being knocked by objects or tools used by other workers.

A&d16 For the general cleaning of the lot and house team members/workers will know

exactly what area is assigned to each one and what co-workers to work with. Proper organization of the crews for the cleaning of the house will minimize risks generated by intersecting pathways or working areas: being knocked by objects or tools used by other workers, accidental pushes by other workers, etc.

The team must use certified, non-toxic products for cleaning and will always follow the instructions of proper use for every cleaning product.

11. Machinery and auxiliary resources For the assembly, maintenance and the disassembly of the house prototype, the workers use the following list of handtools: Handtool Usage Drilling machine Used for the joining structural panels; fixing

the interior units of the air conditioning; fixing the PVs, etc. (with the appropriate bits or keys)

Socket wrench Used for the realizing the joining of structural panels

Hammer Used for the realizing the joining of structural panels

Trowel Used for plastering Float Plaster’s pan Paint brushes Paint mixer Tools for working with the zinc sheets

Zink sheets

Sanding tools Interior and exterior finishing Tools for pipes connection/disconnection

Plumbing activities

Tools for electrical circuits connection/disconnection

Electrical activities

Tools for cleaning/inside the house and the lot

Cleaning activities


Safe working procedure for hand tools: - Workers shall keep the tools in good condition; - Tools will never be carried in clothing pockets. Workers must use tool belts designed for carrying tools; - Hammers must have heads ground properly. It must not have broken claws or handles; - Drill bits must be kept sharp, not dull, chipped, rounded, or tapered; - If anything breaks or malfunctions, workers must not use the tool any further — they must report it to the person in charge; - Workers must keep close track of tools when working at heights. A falling tool can be fatal to a co-worker; - Workers shall pass a tool to another worker by the handle; never toss it to another co-worker; - Workers must store tools properly when work stops; - Workers must always wear the PPE required for the job. Workers must keep clothing out of their work.

Note once further machinery or auxiliary resources will be made available to the team (for example- generator), this section will be expanded and updated.

12. Planned Measures in case of accident

a. First aids Considering that almost all the house elements will be done by our team

members, which most of them are students, before the beginning of the work, basic first aid courses will be kept by the teachers from Technical University of Civil Engineering and will be informed how to use all the elements of fist aids bag.

For the working part from Madrid, we are negotiating in this moment with Romanian Red Cross to hold us, for all willing members, a first aid course. In every working shift will be at least two team members/workers (set after the Red Cross courses) who will be able to give first aid.

b. First aids bag We will use first aid bag certificated by the Romanian Ministry of Health and Red

Cross, which contains: - Scissors with curved ends; - Mouth to mouth breathing device; - Guedel tube 4 size; - Guedel tube 10 size; - Mouth opener; - Elastic 50 cm tape;


- Plastic splits; - Gauze patch 3/5cm; - Individual gauze patch 2/6 cm; - Gauze patch with rivanol 6/10 cm; - Simplet patch 6/50 cm; - Microporous bandage 5x10cm; - 80mm triangular bandage; - Hydrophilic sterile cotton; - Examination gloves; - Sterile compresses; - Health alcohol; - Iodate health alcohol; - Rivanol solution; - Perogen/peroxide solution; - Free hygienic paper wipes; - Safety pins; - Disposable cups; - 50 pages notebook; - Pen or pencil; - First aid instruction booklet. Supplementary: - Sun burn cream; - Burn shield cream; - Thermometer; - Instant ice pack; - Pain cream; - Single use eye washes; - Headache pain killers (aspirin type); - Stomach pain killers; - Antidiarrheal medicine; - Light antiallergic pills and creams. The first aid pack will be kept in a designated place, specially arranged within

the site, where in can be easily visible, accessible and available.

c. Preventive medicine Preventive medicine consists in preventing direct exposure to solar radiations,

overwarming due to climate condition, psychical stress and physical pain caused by overworking for which following measures will be taken:

- Sun creams with a high protection factor will be applied before work start on exposed skin, in hot days;

- For each team member will be assured at least 2l of fresh water each day for hydration;

- Sun glasses and supplementary soft textile clothes will be worn while working outdoors, in daylight hours;


- Each team member will have to take short pauses when it feels tired or overheated, and must announce the H&S Coordinator;

- If some members are allergic to dust, smoke, etc., they will have to inform the H&S Coordinator, so that if they have to work in allergenic conditions, supplementary safety equipment (for example, a mouth mask) must be considered.

Usually, first aid at worksites does not include administrating special pills or medical treatment. Drugs written are for instant symptoms appeared on the worksite. For medical illness or health complications or dental problems of a team member, the H&S Coordinator will take the necessary steps to assure specialized care in local hospital. A list of available hospitals in the area nearby will be made and it will be made available to each team member.

All the team members will have medical insurance and medical examinations before the work at the site starts.

d. Accident victim’s evacuation In case of an incident, medical emergency, fire, etc., the procedure follows

these steps: - All work on site stops; - evacuate the victim only if leaving the victim at its current location

contributes to its harm; - Perform first aid – by trained members – in case of injury; - Call appropriate emergency team (112) and announce H&S Coordinator

and Site Safety Officer and the SDE personnel; - Work to remove any individuals from situation involving additional danger; - Assure access on the place of the incident for specialized medical teams. The access will be made on the site by leaving a safety space between all

elements on the site: clear paths, organized arrangement of construction tools on the site, minimal deposit of construction waste materials on the site, marks and signs for delimitation. Also the cars/truck/crane or other equipment will be positioned on the site in such way that they will leave at least 1.5 meters intervention vehicle width [Note: once the team’s lot for the competition is chosen, the 1.5 meters space will be indicated in the H&S Drawings].

The team shall purchase a medical insurance with the help of the UPM. Details

required in this section shall be provided as soon as possible. For the moment, the nearest hospital to the Villa Solar seems to be Clinica Moncloa.

Clinica Moncloa Avenida de Valladolid, 83 28008 Madrid, España 915 95 70 00 Lenght of the chosen route: 4.0km, aprox. 9min 1. Calle Pista to Calle de la Herradura 210 m


2. Calle de la Herradura 52 m 3. Av de Portugal 130 m 4. pe Paseo de la Puerta del Angel 550 m 5. Glorieta de los Patines 8 m 6. Glorieta de los Patines 14 m 7. Paseo del Embarcadero 400 m

8. Paseo del Embarcadero 190 m 9. Paseo Azul 270 m 10. Paseo Azul 6 m 11. Paseo de Piñoneros 600 m 12. La Glorieta de Puerta Morera to Calle 30 270 m 13. Calle 30 850 m 14. 20A to Avenida Valladolid/Paseo Pintor Rosales 350 m 15. Plaza de la República de Chile 26 m 16. Av de Valladolid 75m

13. Risks identification for possible later works

Please refer to the Senmut Experto Charts found in Annex 2 of the B. Health & Safety Report.

14. Useful plans and information for possible later works

Later works analyzed are: 1. Maintenance work on the roof for the PV panels of solar panels; 2. Working at heights both in and outside the house (lights checking/replacing,

repairing the finishing); 3. Maintenance work in the technical room, in the house.

For the maintenance work access into the team’s lot will be restricted to only the

team members performing the maintenance tasks. Adequate signposts will be placed at the entry points into the lot and at the house entrances: "Maintenance - Work in progress" and "Workers above". A crew of 8 team members is considered sufficient for the maintenance tasks mentioned above. Parts for assembling a mobile scaffold, a ladder with platform will be placed on a rolled plank situated under the house and will be used accordingly.

1. Using the scaffold, a worker has access to the roof. He can access the PVs on

the interior rows by walking on the roof in the designated space connecting


him to a retractable life line previously placed, extended and fixed to a point on the lower part of the roof, near the gutter. The other end of the life line is connected on the upper part of the roof, near the ridge. He can reach the outer rows of PVs with the scaffold placed near the eastern or western facade. He is connected to the scaffold by a life line to its harness. Team members/workers that are authorized for the maintenance work on the roof for the PV panels of solar panels are included in the following table:

First Name

Last Name

Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly, Maintenance and

Disassembly stages Adrian Enciu Project Engineer PVs Adrian Neculae Team Member PVs Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect Zinc Sheet Placing Catalin Caraza Construction Manager PVs, , Zinc Sheet Placing Cristina Alistar Decathlete Zinc Sheet Placing Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer Pipes Octavian Timu Health & Safety

Coordinator PVs, Zinc Sheet Placing

Ovidiu Caramangiu Health & Safety Officer Pipes

2. Similar to the previous point using a mobile scaffold: worker on the scaffold

uses a harness and a life line connected to the scaffold. Team members/workers that are authorized for the maintenance work involving working at heights both in and outside the house (lights checking/replacing, repairing the finishing) are included in the following table:

First Name

Last Name Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly, Maintenance and Disassembly

stages Adriana Mihailescu Project Architect General House

Assembly/Dissasembly, Exterior Finishing, Zinc Sheet Placing

Dumitru Moldoveanu Site Operations Coordinator

General House Assembly/Dissasembly

Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer General House Assembly/Dissasembly, Pipes

Irina Mot Decathlete General House Assembly/Dissasembly, Exterior

Finishing


Lucia Leca Decathlete General House Assembly/Dissasembly, Interior

Finishing Marius Soflete Structural Engineer General House

Assembly/Dissasembly, Preparing Clay

Octavian Timu Health & Safety Coordinator

General House Assembly/Dissasembly, PVs, ,

Zinc Sheet Placing Olivia Goran Decathlete Interior Finishing Ovidiu Caramangiu Health & Safety Officer General House

Assembly/Dissasembly, Pipes

3. Only authorized personnel – team members that participated in installing the

equipment found in the technical room and that have sufficient knowledge of handling it – is permitted to develop maintenance tasks in the technical room. A list of them is given below. Signposting indicating the limited access is to be found on the door of the technical room.

First Name

Last Name Team Position Post/Position for the Assembly, Maintenance and Disassembly

stages Adrian Bucica Electrical Engineer Electrician Adrian Enciu Project Engineer PVs Adrian Neculae Team Member PVs Claudiu Butacu Instrumentation Contact Electrician Iacob Mocanu Health & Safety Officer Pipes Octavian

Timu Health & Safety Coordinator

-

Ovidiu Caramangiu Health & Safety Officer Pipes Mihai-Vlad

Cirlan Contest Captain HVAC

Ovidiu Constantin Sponsorship Manager HVAC

15. Adopted system for the level of health and safety control during works

In order to satisfy compliance of safe procedures during the construction process, the team has adopted the following measures:


As indicated by the SDE Organization regarding each team internal organization, the team designated the following team officers:

o Health & Safety Coordinator: Timu Octavian; o Health & Safety Officers: Ovidiu Caramangiu and Iacob Mocanu.

At least one team officer that covers Health & Safety is present at all times during

the assembly shifts, maintenance and disassembly shifts of the prototype, as shown in each shift description and Gantt diagrams included item B.5.a:

A number of team members will have a first aid training done, preferably by the local Red Cross Organization as soon as possible. We plan to have at least two team members/workers with the first aid training in the lot for every shift. The Health & Safety Documentation will be updated and sent as soon as possible.

In addition, recently, the team obtained the support of Adrian Campean, an experienced safety coordinator. He helped during the final design stages and will act as the Health & Safety Coordinator during the construction works in Romania (prefabrication and the first assembly and disassembly of the prototype) and plans to join the team to the final phase in Madrid. If he confirms, the Health & Safety Documentation will be updated and sent through the WAT.

At least one team officer that covers Health & Safety is present at all times

during the assembly shifts, maintenance and disassembly shifts when collective protections are installed in order to control the safety measures adopted and assure the correct install and usage – please refer to item B.5.a with complete shift description regarding workers.

The team provides the individual protections equipment (PPE) to every

team member in accordance with the possible risk associated to the work they have to develop. Please consult the following Declaration:


16. Formation and information about health and safety

The team has provided enough information to the team members concerning the work they have to develop, the possible risks associated to it and the safe procedures in order to avoid or resolve them. Please consult the following Declaration:


17. Emergency evacuation plan An emergency poster describing the procedure in the case of an emergency will be placed inside the house and at marked places on the site and it will be located so that it is available for everyone. The team shall purchase a medical insurance with the help of the UPM. Details required in this section shall be provided as soon as possible. For the moment, the nearest hospital to the Villa Solar seems to be Clinica Moncloa.

Please consult the Health & Safety drawings for the evacuation paths into and from the lot and for the location of the first aid kit and of the fire extinguishers.


Annex 1: Identification of risks and evaluation of the efficiency of the adopted protections. Item 7


C Cl Pi S G Mo T To M I

R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

other teams cranes or trucks

Preventive Procedures

Mo Fatal Injury M Moderate risk

Signs I Important risk

Collective Protection

L Slight Injury T Trivial risk

Individual Protection

G Serious Injury To Tolerable risk

"Protective equipment must be worn", "Danger - lookout for trucks"

Prevention procedure:

Please consult item B 10 of the Health & Safety Report, article A&D1

Probability of the event Determined precaution Consequence of the accident Risk qualification with precaution applied

DESIGNED LABOUR RISK PREVENTION, JOINT EFFICIENCY IS EVALUATED

Collective protection:

Cones and barrier tape for lot limitations, adhesive tape on ground marking truck stationing area, night lights if work is done at night, first aid bag.

Individual protection equipment:

Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed

Signs:

In complying with the current legislation, in this evaluation we consider “avoided risks” all qualified as “trivial” or tolerable”; the rest of the qualifications are considered “not avoided risks”; for operative criteria unification, replace the nominal lists as unnecessary.

xgetting hit or squeezed by the truck

xRun over or hit by vehicles:

X x

Drivers mistakesx

Accidents caused by living beings: X x x

touching the heated surfaces of the truckx x

Thermal contact: X x

due to unexpected vehicles movementx x

xbetween other teams cranes or trucks

Trapped by turned over machines, tractors or vehicles: X x

x xTrapped by or between objects:

X x

x

x xTo collide with objects in motion:

X x x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D1.

Name: Truck arrival/departure Evaluation place: drawings

Risks identification and its causesProbability of

the eventDetermined precaution

Consequence of the risk

Risk qualification with precaution applied



R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk




To Tolerable risk

"Protective equipment must be worn"







G Serious Injury



Cones and barrier tape for lot limitations, night lights if work is done at night, first aid bag.



Signs:


accidental pushing and collindingx x

Accidents caused by living beings: X x

xdue to lifting

x xOverexertion:

X

xbetween other teams cranes or trucks

x xTrapped by or between objects:

X x

x x

Knocked by objects or tools:

X x

x x

xworkers accidentally knocked by materials carried by other workers

workers accidentally colliding with materials carried by other workers

x

To collide with objects in motion: X

xTo collide with still objects:

Xworkers accidentally colliding with materials in the trucks

x

workers accidentally dropping carried loadsx x

Fall of objects because of manipulation: X x

xfalling from the truck platform

xFall of persons at a different level:

X x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D2

Name: Workers unloading and loading from and into the trucks Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Electrical equipment - authorised personnel only"






Cones and barrier tape for lot limitations


Hard hat, mouth protection, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed

Signs:


workers on site colliding with the electriciansx x

xgenerator fuel catching fire

Accidents caused by living beings: X

x xFire:

X

x

generator due to burningx x

Explosion: X x

CO2 emissionsx x x

Exposure to harmful substances: X x

faulty wiringx x x

heated surfaces of the generator, halogen lamps

Exposure to electric connections: X

x xThermal contact:

X x

x

object around the lotx x

Stepping on objects: X x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D3

Name: Electrical work on site: generator, electrical panel and lights Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

colliding with the adjustable steel suports

















Signs:


xKnocked by objects or tools:

X x xaccidentaly knocked by tools used by other workers

x xTo collide with still objects:

X x

stepping on the adjustable steel supportsx x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D4

Name: Installing and uninstalling the adjustable steel supports for the foundations Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Caution - Load", "DANGER - Do not stand under crane loads", "Safety harness", "Workers above"









Signs:


x xKnocked by objects or tools:

X x xby parts manipulated by workers

on parts of scaffolding on the groundx x


accidental drop of parts of scaffoldingx x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D5

Name: Installing and uninstalling scaffolding Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

worker falling from the scaffolds

crane carried elements colliding with workers








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Caution - Load", "DANGER - Do not stand under crane loads", "Safety harness", "Workers above"






Cones and barrier tape for lot limitations, scaffolds, safety hand rail


Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed,

Signs:


crane operator makes a mistakex x s

Accidents caused by living beings: X s

xworkers traped between already assembled elements and crane carried elements

x x xTrapped by or between objects:

X

x x xTo collide with objects in motion:

X x x

the slings/ropes become loosex x x x

Fall of objects because they come loose: X

accidentaly droping of toolsx x x


x

rigger falling from on top of the structural elements in the truck

x

Fall of persons at a different level:

X x x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D6

Name: Assembly/Disassembly of structural elements & crane operation with heavy loads Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Electrical equipment"


Please consult item B.10 of the Health & Safety Report, article A&D07




Cones and barrier tape for lot limitations, scaffolds


Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, harness, retractable safety line

Signs:


due to overlaping activities with other workersx x x

xfaulty connection bursting in fire

Accidents caused by living beings: X

x xFire:

X x

x

wirings and cablesx x x

Exposure to electric connections: X x


X x xdue to overlaping activities with other workers

tools and various object in the floorx x


accidentally droping of the AC interior unitsx x


xfalling from the scaffolding


X x x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D7

Name: Electrical works during after assembly/before disassembly Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Safety harness", "Workers above",






Cones and barrier tape for lot limitations, scaffolds, safety hand rail


Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed, harness, retractable safety line

Signs:


faulty wiringx x x

hot surfaces of zinc sheets, PVs, solar panels

Exposure to electric connections: X

x xThermal contact:

X x

x

xdue to constantly carrying PVs and solar panels

x xOverexertion:

X

on tools, PVs, solar panelsx x


accidentally droping of carried materials and objetcsx x


tripping overx x x

xfalling from the roof

Fall of persons at the same level: X x

x x xFall of persons at a different level:

X x x

x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D8

Name: Working on the roof - installing zinc sheets, solar panels and PVs Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk
















Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, harness, retractable safety line

Signs:


due to overlaping activities with other workersx x x



X x xdue to overlaping activities with other workers

tools and various object in the floorx x

xthe connection of the AC interior units becoming loose

Stepping on objects: X

x xFall of objects because they come loose:

X x

x

accidentally droping of the AC interior unitsx x




X x x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D9

Name: HVAC works Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

collinding with equipment in the technical room
















Hard hat, mouth protection, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed, harness, retractable safety line

Signs:


due to overlaps in activitiesx x


xheated surfaces of the solar panels or equipment

xThermal contact:

X x


X x xtools or pipes

xx xTo collide with still objects:

X

tool on the floorx x x


accidental drops of tools or pipesx x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D10

Name: Installations/piping works Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

collinding with scaffolding








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Safety harness", "Workers above"








Hard hat, mouth protection, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed, harness, retractable safety line

Signs:


xdry, unprocessed clay particles

x x xFlying fragments or particles:

X


X x xknocked by tools or objects used by other workers


X

on tools/material on the groundx x x


accidental drops of tools or materialsx x


tripping over materials on the groundx x x


Fall of persons at the same level: X

x xFall of persons at a different level:

X x x

x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D11

Name: Exterior finishings Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

collinding with scaffolding








"Protective equipment must be worn", "Safety harness", "Workers above"








Hard hat, mouth protection, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, harness, retractable safety line

Signs:


xdry, unprocessed clay particles

x x xFlying fragments or particles:

X


X x xknocked by tools or objects used by other workers


X

on tools/material on the groundx x x


accidental drops of tools or materialsx x


tripping over materials on the groundx x x




X x x

x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D12

Name: Interior finishings Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk
















Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest

Signs:



X x xby the pieces of flooring

on tools/materials on the floorx x x


accidental droping of carried materials/toolsx x x


tripping overx x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D13

Name: Installing/Uninstalling the floor Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

colliding with materials on work site

















Signs:


accidental push by other workersx



X x xknocked by objects or tools used by other workers

xxTo collide with still objects:

X x

on tools laying on the groundx x x


tripping over x x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D14

Name: Landscape parts and objects installing/unsintalling Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

















Signs:


accidental push by other workersx x


xknocked by objects or tools used by other workers


X x

xwith dismantled furniture/assembled furniture


X

tools laying on the floorx x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D15

Name: Installing/Uninstalling of furniture Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk
















Hard hat, mouth protection, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed

Signs:


accidental push by other workersx x


from cleaning substances, dustx x x

xknocked by objects or tools used by other workers

Flying fragments or particles:X


X x

x

xcolliding with objects in the house


X

on objects laying on the groundx x


accidental drop of tools/carried objects by workersx x x


slippery surfacesx x

xfrom the scaffold



X x

x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

A&D16

Name: General lot and house clean-up Evaluation place: drawings






Annex 2: Identification of risks for possible later works. Item 13



R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

falling from the roof








Signs:

"Maintenance - Work in progress", "Workers above"


PP2_M1: A co-worker will have ready a fire extinguisher.


PP1_M1: When working with the electrical wiring there is no voltage is in the installation.




Mobile exterior scaffolding, night lights if work is done at night

Individual protection equipment: Hard hat, safety gloves, overalls, safety boots, reflective vest, sun glasses and sun cream if needed, rain overall if needed, harness, retractable safety line

overheated PVs may start to burnx x

Fire: X

xworking with the PVs wiring

x xExposure to electric connections:

X x

touching heated surfaces of PVsx x


accidental dropping of toolsx x


x

falling from the scaffold

x x

Fall of persons at a different level:

X x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

M1.

Name: Maintenance for the PVs on the roof Evaluation place: drawings







R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

In Intolerable risk

Hanging objects such as light objectsx



Signs I Importante risk





Signs:



-

Probability of the event Determined precaution Consequence of the accident Risk qualification with precaution applyed




Scaffold, night lights if work is done at night



Hot light objectsx x


xKnocked by objects or tools:

X xKnoked by moving scaffold

x

xTo collide with still objects:

X x

Hanging objects such as light objectsx x

Fall of objects because they come loose: X x

accidental dropping of toolsx x x


xFalling from the scaffold


X x

Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

M2.

Name: Working at heights (inside and outside of the house) Evaluation place: drawings




Risk qualification with precaution applyed



R Remote Cl

P Possible Pi

C Certain PP

S

*** one fire extinguisher will be found in the technical room

** when work is done in the technical room, if it doen not impede tasks form completion, no voltage will be in the installation

In Intolerable risk

Collide with equipment installed in the technical roomx








Signs:



* only authorised personel will enter the technical room and perform maintenance tasks





-



overheated equipment bursting into firex x

Fire: X x

xtouching wiring in the technical room

x xExposure to electric connections:

X x

Touching heated surfaces of equipmentx x



X

accidental dropping of toolsx x


Date: 18.07.2012 R P PP L In

M3.

Name: Maintenance work in the technical room Evaluation place: drawings






C. HEALTH&SAFETY SPECIFIC TERMS AND

CONDITIONS DOCUMENT

Index of the document 1. Statement in which the Team commits itself to avoid or minimize the risks derived from the work process 2. Statement in which the Team commits itself to envisage the Health and Safety demands from all the people taking part in the project (decathletes, contracted workers, etc.) and in which the Team declares to have considered those demands in the Health and Safety Plan 3. Complete technical specifications of the collective protections that shall be used 4. Complete technical specifications of the individual protections that shall be used 5. Description of the Terms and conditions of the Safety Plans that each Team member has to comply with 6. Statement that all the Team members have passed specific medical examinations for the works that they will carry out and have the necessary qualifications 7. Statement that the Team has received the specific training to assemble and disassemble the house that will be exhibited, preventing unexpected risks. 8. For contracted staff: a. Medical examinations of the workers b. Specific training


c. A statement of compliance with the Health and Safety Plan d. If necessary, a specific description of the adaptation of their own procedures to the Health and Safety Plan.


1. Statement in which the Team commits itself to

avoid or minimize the risks derived from the work process


2. Statement in which the Team commits itself to envisage the Health and Safety demands from all the

people taking part in the project (decathletes, contracted workers, etc.) and in which the Team

declares to have considered those demands in the Health and Safety Plan


3. Complete technical specifications of the collective protections that shall be used


4. Complete technical specifications of the individual protections that shall be used


5. Description of the Terms and conditions of the Safety Plans that each Team member has

to comply with


6. Statement that all the Team members have passed specific medical examinations for the works

that they will carry out and have the necessary qualifications


7. Statement that the Team has received the

specific training to assemble and disassemble the house that will be exhibited, preventing

unexpected risks.


ANNEX A – COLLECTIVE PROTECTIONS (to be updated as soon as possible)


ANNEX B – INDIVIDUAL PROTECTIONS (to be updated as soon as possible)


ANNEX C - MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS -


Solar Decathlon Europe

PRISPA team

14. STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS

STRUCTURAL CALCULATION

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. WRITTEN PARTS

INTRODUCIND NOTE

SIGNATURE LIST

VERIFING REPORT

CHAPTER 1: Structural system............................................................page 1

CHAPTER 2: Materials.........................................................................page 7

CHAPTER 3: Loads..............................................................................page 12

CHAPTER 4: Temporary foundation....................................................page 41

CHAPTER 5: Structural calculation......................................................pag 44

COPY OF VERIFING ENGINEER LICENCE

COPY OF SIGNING ENGINEER LICENCE

INTRODUCTIVE NOTE

According to Romanian law, all activities regarding construction field – from designing to construction site and buildings performances are governated by law 10/1995.

According to law 10/1995 all building designing projects must be sign by a qualified and licenced structural engineer and overchecked by an elder experienced engineer qualified as project verifier, certificated by Romanian Ministery of Regional Development. Only the qualified project verifier has the right to stamp the project.

Licenced engineers can only sign the project.

Therefore, the structural calculation of PRISPA house structure where made by team member eng. Șoflete Marius, former student of Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest and integrated in the Master’s Degree Dissertation, sustained this year.

The structural calculation where made under quidance of Professor PhD Engineer Maria Darie, Wood Construction Lecture, member of Civil Engineering Department of Faculty of Civil Engineering Bucharest

SIGNATURE LIST

Structural calculation and structural design of PRISPA House were made by:

Eng. Șoflete Marius Eremia, - PRISPA Team member, Structural Engineer, licenced in Civil Engineering, in 2010 by Faculty of Civil Engineering Bucharest, Master’s Degree in Structural Engineering – 2012, Technical University of Civil Engieering Bucharest

Eng. Darie Maria - Professor Phd. Engineer, Wood Construction Lecture, member of Civil Engineering Department of Faculty of Civil Engineering, TUCEB

Verifiers’s first and last name : Prof. Univ. Dr. Ing. Maria Darie No. 520 / Date 10.08.2012 According to the registry records

Report

Regarding the verification A requirement quality of the project « PRISPA » str. Academie, nr. 18-20, Bucharest, Romania ce face obiectul contractului 1 / 2012

1. Identification data:

- Designer: PRISPA Association - Architecture: PRISPA Association - Address: str. Academie, nr. 18-20, Bucharest, Romania - Checking date: 10.08.2012

2. Main building features:

The house load bering system is based on structural panels used for wall, roof and house platforme, made from IJOIST beamns, wood beams and OSB plating. The house structures is divided in 2 prefabricated modules – 1 kitchen-bathroom-bedroom module and 1 tehnical module, which will transported as a single unit each, with all the finishing and systems integrated.

The wall, roof panels, floor panels and PRISPA +windfang elements are entirely prefabricated elements, which will be conected between them and with prefabricated modules with metal fixing elements and metal screws.

The connection of all wooden part is made using mostly metal screws, metal joiting plates and metal staples. There are also some glue jointed elements like IJOIST beams made from wooden flanges and OSB web or box studs made from 2 wooden flanges and 2 OSB web – solution adopted due to thermal insulation and to avoid thermal bridges.

The OSB plating on both sides of the panels was used for several reasons: it contributes to global resistance and structural stability of the house, it works as windbracing for lateral loads like wind and earthquake and offers suplimentary protection and durability needed in multiple assembly-disassambly-transport stages that our house will have to comply.

Project update: from last checked version of project – dated as 16-05-2012, following updatings were made for the project presented for checking:

- Replacing 5 floor and roof panels with 4 panel due to transporting consideration. The changes does not affect the structure.

- Calculation for lifting assumption where checked - Public acces ramp details were ckecked

3. Required documents for checking:

technical resistence report made by the designer showing the solution for the complience requirement.

Project drawings showing the constructive solutions 4. Conclusions on checking:

After the checking, the project is considered appropriate, beeing signed and stamped by the verifier.

One has received 3 copies, PRISPA Association

One has discarded 3 copies, Certified technical verifer Prof. Phd. Eng. MARIA DARIE

CHAPTER 1 – STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

1.1 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The house load bering system is based on structural panels used for wall, roof and

house platforme, made from IJOIST beamns, wood beams and OSB plating.

The house structures is divided in 2 prefabricated modules – 1 kitchen-bathroom-bedroom module and 1 tehnical module, which will transported as a single unit each, with all the finishing and systems integrated.

The wall, roof panels, floor panels and PRISPA +windfang elements are entirely prefabricated elements, which will be conected between them and with prefabricated modules with metal fixing elements and metal screws.

The connection of all wooden part is made using mostly metal screws, metal joiting plates and metal staples. There are also some glue jointed elements like IJOIST beams made from wooden flanges and OSB web or box studs made from 2 wooden flanges and 2 OSB web – solution adopted due to thermal insulation and to avoid thermal bridges.

The OSB plating on both sides of the panels was used for several reasons: it contributes to global resistance and structural stability of the house, it works as windbracing for lateral loads like wind and earthquake and offers suplimentary protection and durability needed in multiple assembly-disassambly-transport stages that our house will have to comply.

1.2 STRUCTURAL MODEL Structural calculation where made using Finite Element Method with SAP2000

software, in which where determined the general behavior of the house under static and dinamic loads, stresses resulted in structural elements, modal calculation, joint displacement joints and joint reactions.

The house structure was modeled using frame type finite element for beams and columns, shell type finite element for osb boards (for roof, walls and platfomr) and semirigid links in order to define screws connection between osb and main structural elements.

The loads were introduced in model as dead loads, live loads and quake type loads.

South-East view of SAP2000 structural model

1

North –West view of SAP2000 structural model

Interior view of SAP2000 structural model

1.3 PRELIMINARY STUDIES Because wood and osb are ortotrophic materials and their behavior under loading and

structural modeling raises higher difficulties than the other structural materials (concrete, steel), before making the entire structural model of the house, there were made a few preliminary studies in order to understand and approach as much as possible to the real behavior of the wood base structure of the house in all it’s phases (assembly-disassambly) and under all types of loads.

The joiting between osb boards and structural beams – usually made with screw/metal staples was made using semirig links. The beams were meshed after the mesh pattern of the osb boards and then the common nodes were connected with the links.

2

Example of one type of link (full rigid link) defined in SAP2000 A roof panel was modeled, considering co

to screw (link) fixing: The results obtained for the same panel, same opening and same load:

UP – moment diagram on girder without counting osb board

DOWN – moment diagram on girder with 3.70kNm, almoust half of the first version

Results concerning rigidity and displacement

Example of one type of link (full rigid link) defined in SAP2000

A roof panel was modeled, considering co-working of the beams with

The results obtained for the same panel, same opening and same load:Moment diagram

moment diagram on girder without counting osb board – maximum value = 8.10kNm

moment diagram on girder with counting on co-working osb board t version

Results concerning rigidity and displacement

Displacement diagram

working of the beams with osb plates due

The results obtained for the same panel, same opening and same load:

maximum value = 8.10kNm

working osb board – maximum value =

3

UP – displacement on girder center without counting osb board – maximum value = 32mm

DOWN – displacement on girder with counting on co-working osb board – maximum value =16mm

Stresses (tension and compression) resulted in upper and lower osb boards that are plating the roof panel are much more smaller then acceptable values:

OSB boards axial stresses due to panel bending

S11 stresses – equvalent to secondary strenght axis of osb Left – upper plate – compression stresses – maximum value = 1,5 N/mm2 – acceptable stress

=12.4 N/mm2 Right – lower plate – tension stresses – maximum value = 1,2 N/mm2 – acceptable stress =

6.80 N/mm2

Therefore, osb plating could contribue to effort redistribution, lateral stabily of bendet beams, lateral stability and buckling resistance on compressed columns.

Osb contribution to general stability was also studied: - there have been made different models with the same frame structure but different proportion of osb plating.

Windbracing contribution of plating

Structural spacial frame model without osb planting – large roof top displacement had resulted

4

Windbracing contribution of plating

The same model was fullfiled with osb walls – displacement resulted for a south façade wind on the top of the roof – 0.5mm, more than acceptable

Wood joints are mostly semirigid and with a higher degree of flexibility. In structural modeling, joint flexibility between 2 elements had consequinces upon general strucure stability, effort distribution and modat characteristics. In order to have an appropiate value of joint rigidity needed in modeling, several test models where made, in which iterrative values of stiffnes where given to beam joints.

Effort distribution depending on end joint stiffnes.

Moment diagram Node rigidity (% relative to full rigid

note)

Mpropin_effort/

Mfield_effort

0 0

10 0,02

20 0,21

50 0,36

80 1,09

100 2

5

Orthotropic properties of OSB board was defined in SAP2000 using Stiffness Property Modifiers, according to Modulus of Elasticity values. A base value was chosen uppon other properties where modified.

E [N/mm2] Coresponding FEM parameter

Base value modifing

coefficientE [N/mm2] Coresponding

FEM parameterBase value modifing

coefficient

Bending perpendicular to plate plane 4930 m11 0.40 1980 m22 1Tension/Compresion in plane plate 3800 f11 1.92 3000 f22 1.52

G [N/mm2] G [N/mm2]Shear - perpendicular to plate plane 50 v13 0.05 50 v23 0.05Shear - in plane 1080 f12 1.00 1080 f12 1.00E - basis value=the smaller value 1980G - basis value 1080

Property/Stiffness Modifiers > Shell Data ->Set Modifiers

PRIMARY AXIS SECONDARY AXIS

STRESS TYPE

6

CHAPTER 2 – MATERIALS

2.1 STRUCTURAL MATERIALS Structural wood strength characteristics were determined according to EN 338:2003 –

Structural timber. Strength Classes.

OSB boards according to EN 12369-1:2001 – Wood based panels. Characteristic values for structural design. OSB, particle boards and fiberboards.

Design strength values for wood and OSB were determined according to Eurocode 5: Design of tmber structures- Part 1-1: General – common rules and rules for buildings.

kmod kdef γm f.m.k [N/mm 2 ]

f.m.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.t.0.k [N/mm 2 ]

f.t.0.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.0.k [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.0.d [N/mm 2 ]

Permanent 0.6 0.6 1.3 27 12.5 16 7.4 22 10.2Long term 0.7 0.5 1.3 27 14.5 16 8.6 22 11.8Middle term 0.8 0.25 1.3 27 16.6 16 9.8 22 13.5Short term 0.9 0 1.3 27 18.7 16 11.1 22 15.2Instantaneous 1.1 0 1 27 29.7 16 17.6 22 24.2

Bending Tension CompressionWOOD DESIGN STRENGHT

Action type/ duration

EC5 Coeficient

kdef γm Ek [N/mm 2 ] Ed [N/mm 2 ] Ek [N/mm 2 ] Ed [N/mm 2 ]

Bending perpendicular to plate plane 1.50 1.2 4930 1643 1980 660Tension - inplane 1.50 1.2 3800 1267 3000 1000Compression - inplane 1.50 1.2 3800 1267 3000 1000

Gk [N/mm 2 ] Gd [N/mm 2 ] Gk [N/mm 2 ] Gd [N/mm 2 ]

Shear - perpendicular to plate plane 1.50 1.2 50 17 50 17Shear - inplane 1.50 1.2 1080 360 1080 360

OSB 10mm - RIGIDITY CHARACTERISTICS

STRESS TYPEEC5 Coef. PRIMARY AXIS SECONDARY AXIS

kdef γm Ek [N/mm 2 ] Ed [N/mm 2 ] Ek [N/mm 2 ] Ed [N/mm 2 ]

Bending perpendicular to plate plane 1.50 1.2 4930 1643 1980 660Tension - inplane 1.50 1.2 3800 1267 3000 1000Compression - inplane 1.50 1.2 3800 1267 3000 1000

Gk [N/mm 2 ] Gd [N/mm 2 ] Gk [N/mm 2 ] Gd [N/mm 2 ]

Shear - perpendicular to plate plane 1.50 1.2 50 17 50 17Shear - inplane 1.50 1.2 1080 360 1080 360

PRIMARY AXIS SECONDARY AXISOSB 15-22mm RIGIDITY CHARACTERISTICS

STRESS TYPEEC5 Coef.

7

kmod γm fk [N/mm 2 ] fd [N/mm 2 ] fk [N/mm 2 ] fd [N/mm 2 ]

Permanent 0.4 1.2 6.0 3.0Long term 0.5 1.2 7.5 3.8Middle term 0.7 1.2 10.5 5.3

Short term 0.9 1.2 13.5 6.8

Instantaneous 1.1 1 19.8 9.9Permanent 0.4 1.2 3.3 2.4Long term 0.5 1.2 4.1 3.0Middle term 0.7 1.2 5.8 4.2Short term 0.9 1.2 7.4 5.4Instantaneous 1.1 1 10.9 7.9Permanent 0.4 1.2 5.3 4.3Long term 0.5 1.2 6.6 5.4Middle term 0.7 1.2 9.3 7.5Short term 0.9 1.2 11.9 9.7Instantaneous 1.1 1 17.5 14.2Permanent 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.3Long term 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.4Middle term 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.6Short term 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.8Instantaneous 1.1 1 1.1 1.1Permanent 0.4 1.2 2.3 2.3Long term 0.5 1.2 2.8 2.8Middle term 0.7 1.2 4.0 4.0Short term 0.9 1.2 5.1 5.1Instantaneous 1.1 1 7.5 7.5

Tension - plate plane 9.9 7.2

OSB 10mm - STRENGHT CHARACTERISTICS

STRESS TYPE EC5 Coef. PRIMARY AXIS SECONDARY

Bending - perpendicular to plate plane 18 9

Shear - inplane 6.8 6.8

Compression - plate plane 15.9 12.9

Shear - perpendicular to plate plane 1 1

8

kmod γm fk [N/mm 2 ] fd [N/mm 2 ] fk [N/mm 2 ] fd [N/mm 2 ]

Permanent 0.4 1.2 4.9 2.5Long term 0.5 1.2 6.2 3.1Middle term 0.7 1.2 8.6 4.3

Short term 0.9 1.2 11.1 5.6

Instantaneous 1.1 1 16.3 8.1Permanent 0.4 1.2 3.0 2.3Long term 0.5 1.2 3.8 2.8Middle term 0.7 1.2 5.3 4.0Short term 0.9 1.2 6.8 5.1Instantaneous 1.1 1 9.9 7.5Permanent 0.4 1.2 4.9 4.1Long term 0.5 1.2 6.2 5.2Middle term 0.7 1.2 8.6 7.2Short term 0.9 1.2 11.1 9.3Instantaneous 1.1 1 16.3 13.6Permanent 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.3Long term 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.4Middle term 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.6Short term 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.8Instantaneous 1.1 1 1.1 1.1Permanent 0.4 1.2 2.3 2.3Long term 0.5 1.2 2.8 2.8Middle term 0.7 1.2 4.0 4.0Short term 0.9 1.2 5.1 5.1Instantaneous 1.1 1 7.5 7.5

Shear - inplane 6.8 6.8

Bending - perpendicular to plate plane 14.8 7.4

Tension - plate plane 9 6.8

Compression - plate plane 14.8 12.4

Shear - perpendicular to plate plane 1 1

OSB 15-22mm STRENGHT CHARACTERISTICS

STRESS TYPEPRIMARY AXIS SECONDARY

EC5 Coef.

9

01-Caracteristici material

Structural timber (romanian sprunge, grade C27):Characteristic value - EN 338-2003

Bending strength fm.k 27N

mm2

Tensile strength parallel (0) to grain: ft.0.k 16N

mm2

Compression strength parallel (0) to grain:fc.0.k 22N

mm2

Tensile strength perpendicular (90) tograin:

ft.90.k 0.6N

mm2

Compression strength perpendicular (90)to grain: fc.90.k 2.6

N

mm2

Characteristic shear strength: fv.k 2.8N

mm2

Mean value of modulus of elasticity - parallel to the grain E0.mean 11.5

kN

mm2

Fifth-percentile modulus of elasticityparallel to the grain, E0.05 E0.05 7.7

kN

mm2

Mean value of modulus of elasticity - perpendicular to the grain E90.mean 0.38

kN

mm2

Mean value of shear modulus Gmean 0.72kN

mm2

Characteristic and mean wood density ρk 370kg

m3 ρmean 450

kg

m3

OSB 6-10mm,- conf. EN-13986

Bending strength - parallel to principal axis:fm.0.k_osb 18N

mm2

Bending strength - parallel to secondary axis:fm.90.k_osb 9N

mm2

Bending mean value of modulus of elasticity parallel to principal axis Em.0.mean_osb 4930

N

mm2

10

Bending mean value of modulus of elasticity for parallel to secondary axis Em.90.mean_osb 1980

N

mm2

Tensile strength parallel to principal axis: ft.0.k_osb 9.9N

mm2

Tensile strength parallel to secondaryaxis: ft.90.k_osb 7.2

N

mm2

Tensile mean value of modulus of elasticityparallel to principal axis Et.0.mean_osb 3800

N

mm2

Tensile mean value of modulus of elasticity parallel to secondary axis

Et.90.mean_osb 3000N

mm2

compresion fc.0.k_osb 15.9N

mm2

Compression strength parallel toprincipal axis:Compression strength parallel tosecondary axis:

fc.90.k_osb 12.9N

mm2

Compression mean modulus of elasticityparallel to principal axis: Ec.0.mean_osb 3800

N

mm2

Compression mean modulus of elasticityparallel to secondary axis: Ec.90.mean_osb 3000

N

mm2

Ec.0.05_osb 0.85Ec.0.mean_osb

shear fr.k 1N

mm2

planar (rolling) shearMean modulus of rididity Gr.mean 50

N

mm2

panel shear fv.k 6.8N

mm2

Gv.mean 1080N

mm2

Mean OSB density ρmean_osb 630kg

m3


11

CHAPTER 3 - LOADS

3.1 Permanent loads

Characterisc value [kN/m2]

P Wood floor 0.30P Furniture 0.50P Thermal insulation 0.05

Σ= 0.85

P Furniture 0.50P Insulation 0.05P Sandstone floor 1.00

Σ= 1.55

P Wood floor 0.10P Accoustical insulation 0.20P Equipments 2.00

Σ= 2.30

P Wood floor 0.20

P Thermal insulation 0.05P Waterproofing board 0.10P PV panels 0.30P Facilities 0.05P Interior finishing 0.40

Σ= 0.90

P Osb board (2pcs) 0.18P Rigips plates (2 x 12.5mm) 0.30P Clay finishing 0.48P Termal insulation 0.05

Self weight of the structural elements was calculated automatically with Sap2000

PORCH (PRISPA)

WALLS

DEAD LOAD

LIVING ROOM+SLEEPING ROOM+KITCHEN FLOOR

ROOF

BATHROOM FLOOR

TECHNICAL MODULE FLOOR

12

3.2 Live loads 3.2.1 Imposed load

3.2.2 Snow load

The snow load will be evaluated according to CR-1-1-3-2005, the Romanian code for evaluating the snow load on buildings.

The house will be designed for the snow load conditions found in Romania and the house location is not specifically set to a particularly settlement or region.And so, according to CR-1-1-3-2005’s map (see below), the characteristic value of the snow load on the ground with a reference return period of 50 years is (for altitudes under 1000 m):

푠 , = 2.5푘푁/푚

Characterisc value [kN/m2]

V Live load 1.50

V Live load 1.50

V Live load 2.00

V Maintenance 0.80

V Maintenance 0.80

LIVE LOAD

LIVING ROOM+SLEEPING

BATHROOM FLOOR

TECHNICAL MODULE FLOOR

ROOF

PORCH (PRISPA)

13

Map from CR-1-1-3-2005: Zoning for the characteristic value of the snow load for a reference return period of 50 years (values are in푘푁/푚 ).

The characteristic value of the snow load on the roof, 푠 , is defined by the following expression:

푠 = 휇 ∙ 퐶 ∙ 퐶 ∙ 푠 ,

where: 휇 is a coefficient that takes into account the shape of the roof; 퐶 represents the expositioncoefficient; 퐶 represents the thermal coefficient and it reduces the snow load if a high roof thermaltransmittance is present; it’s value is determined through special studies.

Values for 퐶 are given in the following table: Extract from CR-1-1-3-2005: Values for the exposition coefficient퐶

Type of building exposure 푪풆

Complete 0.8

Partial 1.0

Low 1.2

A partial exposure for the house will be considered, therefore:

퐶 = 1.0

14

The thermal coefficient will be:

퐶 = 1.0

The value for 휇 mainly depends on the type of the roof and the slope.The north façade’s slope has an angle of 63º and no snow will settle on it. Therefore, we may consider that the shape of the transversal section of the house is quite similar to that shown below in terms of snow loading for the roof.

Extract from CR-1-1-3-2005: 휇 values for roofs with one or two slopes or roof with multiple openings

Roof slope 0° ≤ 훼 ≤ 30° 30° ≤ 훼 ≤ 60° 훼 ≥ 60°

흁ퟏ 0.8 0.8 ∙ (60 − 훼)/30 0.0

흁ퟐ 0.8 + 0.8 ∙ 훼/30 1.6 -

The roof slope is under 30° and so:

휇 = 0.8

In the end, the characteristic value of the snow load on the roof will be:

푠 = 0.8 ∙ 1.0 ∙ 1.0 ∙ 2.5 ⟹

3.2.3 Wind load

The wind load will be evaluated using NP082/2004, the Romanian code for evaluating the wind load on buildings.NP 082/2004 was developed in accordance with the principles, methods and procedures found inEurocode 1-2-4: “General actions. Wind actions”.

The wind load has the following expression:

푤(푧) = 푞 ∙ 푐 (푧) ∙ 푐

⟹ 푠 = 2 푘푁/푚

15

and represents the wind pressure perpendicular on exposed, rigid, exterior and interiorsurfaces, at a height 푧 above the terrain level.

Map from NP 082/2004: Zoning for the characteristic value of the windpressure for a reference return period of 50 years (values are in푘푃푎).

푞 represents the characteristic reference value of the pressure of the wind.Values for 푞 are obtained from values of wind speeds, averaged on time intervals of 10 minutes, with a reference return period of 50 years.

The location of the house is not set specifically to a given settlement or a region in Romania, but in Romania in general. Therefore, according to NP082/2004’s map (see previous page), the characteristic reference value of wind pressure, will be:

푞 = 0.7푘푁/푚

Note: If the house is to be located in the high altitude, mountainous regions, special

studies shall be undertaken in order to determine a more detailed result concerning the characteristic reference value of wind pressure and the dynamic response of the house, using data provided by the national meteorological agency.

The exposition factor 푐 (푧) and the pressure coefficients 푐 are evaluated in the following pages.

Evaluating the exposition factor 푐 (푧)

16

The exposition factor takes into account the gust factor 푐 (푧) and the roughness factor푐 (푧):

푐 (푧) = 푐 (푧) ∙ 푐 (푧).

푧 represents the height of the building measured from the terrain level. For our house we shall consider:

푧 = 6.00 푚. The roughness factor is defined by the following expression:

푐 (푧) = 1 + 푔 ∙ [2 ∙ 퐼(푧)].

푔 represents the peak factor. For general use, NP082/2004 recommends a peak factor of:

푔 = 3.5.

퐼(푧)represents turbulence intensity at a height of 푧 meters; it’s expression:

퐼(푧) =훽

2.5 ∙ ln 푧푧

.

Values for 훽 and roughness length푧 are provided in the tables below depending on the nature of the terain.

Extractfrom NP082/2004: Values for 훽 depending on the nature of the terain

Nature of the

terrain

Sea, lakes, flat land

Open field Areas with a low

density of buildings

Urban areas, areas with a high density

of buildings, forests

휷 2.73 2.65 2.35 2.12

The house will be placed mainly in rural areas, possibly low density and suburban

areas.That leads in choosing the type III of terrain “Areas with a low density of buildings” and to the following values for 훽and 푧 :

훽 = 2.35 푧 = 0.3 푚.

The turbulence intensity will be:

퐼(6.00 푚) =2.35

2.5 ∙ ln 6.000.3

⟹

⟹ 퐼(6.00 푚) = 0.314

17

Extractfrom NP082/2004: Values for 푧 depending on the nature of the terain

Nature of the terrain Terraincharacteristics

풛ퟎ[m]

interval code value

I. Sea, lakes, flat land

- Areas exposed to wind coming from vast surfaces of water; - Flat land (or with slight slopes) with rare obstacles no taller than 1.5 m.

0.003 – 0.01 0.01

II. Open field - Agricultural areas, grass areas; - Areas with singular obstacles no taller than 10 m.

0.03 – 0.07 0.05

III. Areas with a low density of buildings

- Areas with a low density of buildings and forests 0.1 – 0.4 0.3

IV. Urban areas, forests

- Urban areas with a high density of buildings and at least 15% of the surface covered with buildings with a height above 15 m; - Forests with a tree average height of cca. 15 m.

0.8 – 1.2 1.0

And the gust factor will be:

푐 (6.00 푚) = 1 + 3.5 ∙ [2 ∙ 0.314] ⟹

⟹ 푐 (6.00 푚) = 3.2

The remaining roughness factor 푐 (푧) has the following expresion:

푐 (푧) = [푘 (푧 )] ∙ ln푧푧

Extractfrom NP082/2004: Values for 푘 (푧 ) depending on the nature of the terain

Nature of the

terrain

Sea, lakes, flat land

Open field Areas with a low

density of buildings

Urban areas, areas with a high density

of buildings, forests

풌풓(풛ퟎ) 0.17 0.19 0.22 0.24

For the type III of terrain we have:

푘 (푧 ) = 0.22 and

푧 = 0.3 푚.

The roughness factor 푐 (푧) will be:

18

푐 (6.00 푚) = 0.22 ∙ ln6.000.3

⟹

⟹ 푐 (6.00 푚) = 0.434 In the end, the exposition factor 푐 (푧) will be:

푐 (6.00 푚) = 3.2 ∙ 0.434 ⟹

⟹ 푐 (6.00 푚) = 1.39

The SDE Building Code indicates designing the house for urban area IV, industrial or forest. As a result, this leads to the following values and computations:

훽 = 2.12,푧 = 1.0 푚and푘 (푧 ) = 0.24

퐼(6.00 푚) =2.12

2.5 ∙ ln 6.001.0

⟹ 퐼(6.00 푚) = 0.473

푐 (6.00 푚) = 1 + 3.5 ∙ [2 ∙ 0.473] ⟹ 푐 (6.00 푚) = 4.311

푐 (6.00 푚) = 0.24 ∙ ln6.001.0

⟹ 푐 (6.00 푚) = 0.185

푐 (6.00 푚) = 4.311 ∙ 0.185 ⟹ 푐 (6.00 푚) = 0.8 This last value for 푐 is smallerand leads to a correspondingly smaller value for the

wind pressure. For that reason and for being on the safe side, the first value for the exposition factor will be used for the computations to come.

Evaluating the pressure coefficients 푐

According to NP082/2004, the pressure coefficients for buildings vary depending on the size of the exposed area of the building or individual parts of the building. Their values are given in tables for exposed areas of 1 m2 – 푐 , – and 10 m2 – 푐 , – considering a typical configuration of the building. For values between 1 m2 and 10 m2, the expression below shall be used:

Extractfrom NP082/2004: Variation of the pressure coefficient relative to the size of the exposed area.

19

푐 = 푐 , , 푖푓퐴 ≤ 1 푚

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴, 푖푓 1푚 ≤ 퐴 ≤ 10푚

푐 = 푐 , , 푖푓퐴 ≥ 10 푚

where A is the exposed area of the building or individual parts of the building.

Also, the values for the pressure coefficients found in the following tables, are given for the orthogonal directions of the wind (0°, 90° or 180°), but they represent the maximum value even if the direction of the wind varies with a maximum of 45° relative to the major direction taken into account.

Wind pressure on vertical surfaces

Simplified plan section at level ±0.00; vertical surfaces analysed are pointed out by thick line.

For the study of wind pressure on vertical surfaces, we consider that the north wall, which has an inclination of 63º, resembles a vertical wall, with wind effects that do not vary to a great extent. Therefore, the vertical surfaces marked by the thick line in the drawing above are analysed (length values are rounded up).

No wind friction forces are taken into account.

The area sectors marked by letters A, A*, B, B*, C, D and E indicate regions of vertical surfaces that withstand different wind effects. Dimensions for these regions are indicated in NP082/2004:

20

Extractfrom NP082/2004: Area markings for vertical surfaces

Note: 푏 represents the length of the side of the building perpendicular to direction of the wind and 푑 represents the length of the remaining side.

In our case, for any given orthogonal direction of the wind (north-south or east-west), the width and length of the building footprint are smaller than the maximum height, so, according to NP082/2004, the wind effects do not vary due to height.

�푏 = 9.6 푚

표푟푏 = 9.5 푚

> ℎ = 6.0 푚

The pressure coefficients for vertical surfaces are given in the following table for each of the exposed areas A, A*, B, B*, C, D and E, and are detailed for the specific wind direction in the drawings that follow afterwards.

Extractfrom NP082/2004: Pressure coefficients fo rvertical walls of buildings with a rectangular shapein plan

Area type

A, A* B,B* C D E

cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1

d/h ≤1 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 +0.8 +1.0 -0.3

≥4 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 -0.5 +0.6 +1.0 -0.3

21

»For the N-S direction of the wind:

ℎ = 6.00 푚

푏 = 9.60 푚

푑 = 9.50 푚

푒 = min(푏; 2 ∙ ℎ) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = min(9.60 푚; 2 ∙ 6.00 푚) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = 9.60 푚

The values for the exposed areas for N-S direction of the wind are:

1 푚 < 퐴 ∗ = 3.93 푚 < 10 푚

퐴 ∗ = 25.92 푚 > 10 푚

1 푚 < 퐴 ∗ = 3.93 푚 < 10 푚

퐴 ∗ = 31.94 푚 > 10 푚

22

Exposed area dimensions for the North-South wind direction

23

The pressure coefficients for N-S direction of the windare:

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

+ 푐 ,∗

− 푐 ,∗

∙ log 퐴 ∗ = −1.3 + (−1.0 + 1.3) ∙ log 3.93

⟹ 푐∗

= −1.12

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

⟹ 푐∗

= −0.80

푐∗

= 푐∗

= −1.12

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

⟹ 푐∗

= −0.80

»For the W-E direction of the wind:

ℎ = 6.00 푚

푏 = 9.50 푚

푑 = 9.60 푚

푒 = min(푏; 2 ∙ ℎ) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = min(9.50 푚; 2 ∙ 6.00 푚) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = 9.50 푚 The values for the exposed areas for W-E direction of the wind are:

퐴 ∗ = 15.30 푚 > 10 푚

퐴 ∗ = 46.20 푚 > 10 푚

1 푚 < 퐴 ∗ = 8.05 푚 < 10 푚

퐴 ∗ = 20.70 푚 > 10 푚

24

Exposed area dimensions for the West-East wind direction

The pressure coefficients for W-E direction of the wind are:

25

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

⟹ 푐∗

= −1.00

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

⟹ 푐∗

= −0.80

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

+ 푐 ,∗

− 푐 ,∗

∙ log 퐴 ∗ == −1.3 + (−1.0 + 1.3) ∙ log 8.05 ⟹

⟹ 푐∗

= −1.03

푐∗

= 푐 ,∗

⟹ 푐∗

= −0.80

Wind pressure on the roof

With the north wall analysed as a vertical surface, the house is considered having a one pitched roof (represented by the thick line in the drawing on the next page).

For the elongated roof corners, the area marked with “R” in the drawings that follow, is under the same pressure as the corresponding vertical wall.

No wind friction forces are taken into account, due to the relative small roof area.

The length values are rounded up and represent horizontal projected distances.

The pressure coefficients for the monopitched roofs are found in the tables on the next page (for angle values between the values shown in the table, linear interpolation is used):

Simplified top view of the roof; the surface of the roof is pointed out by thick line.

Extractfrom NP082/2004:Pressurecoefficientsformonopitched roof, for wind directions of

26

휃 = 0° and 휃 = 180°

Pitch angle

Zone for wind direction 휽 = ퟎ° Zone for wind direction 휽 = ퟏퟖퟎ°

F G H F G H

cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1

5º -1.7 -2.5 -1.2 -2.0 -0.6 -1.2 -2.3 -2.5 -1.3 -2.0 -0.8 -1.2

15º -0.9 -2.0 -0.8 -1.5 -0.3

-2.5 -2.8 -1.3 -2.0 -0.9 -1.2 +0.2 +0.2 +0.2

30º -0.5 -1.5 -0.5 -1.5 -0.2

-1.1 -2.3 -0.8 -1.5 -0.8 +0.7 +0.7 +0.4

45º +0.7 +0.7 +0.6 -0.6 -1.3 -0.5 -0.7

60º +0.7 +0.7 +0.7 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5

75º +0.8 +0.8 +0.8 -0.5 -1.0 -0.5 -0.5

Extractfrom NP082/2004:Pressurecoefficientsformonopitched roof, for wind directions of 휃 = 90°

Pitch angle

Zone for wind direction 휽 = ퟗퟎ°

F G H I

cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1 cp,10 cp,1

5º -1.6 -2.2 -1.8 -2.0 -0.6 -1.2 -0.5

15º -1.3 -2.0 -1.9 -2.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.7 -1.2

30º -1.2 -2.0 -1.5 -2.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -1.2

45º -1.2 -2.0 -1.4 -2.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 -1.2

60º -1.2 -2.0 -1.2 -2.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -1.2

75º -1.2 -2.0 -1.2 -2.0 -1.0 -1.3 -0.5

Note: For 휃 = 0° the pressure changes rapidly between positive and negative values

around an angle of 훼 = 15° … 30°, so both positive and negative values are given.

»For the 휃 = 0°wind direction:

ℎ = 6.00 푚

푏 = 10.00 푚

푒 = min(푏; 2 ∙ ℎ) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = min(10.00 푚; 2 ∙ 6.00 푚) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = 10.00 푚

The values for the exposed areas for the 휃 = 0°wind direction are:

27

1 푚 < 퐴 = 2.66 푚 < 10 푚

1 푚 < 퐴 = 5.61 푚 < 10 푚

퐴 = 76.62 푚 > 10 푚

Exposed area dimensions for the 휃 = 0° wind direction

The negative values for the pressure coefficients for the 휃 = 0°wind direction are:

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 = = −1.83 + (−0.77 + 1.83) ∙ log 2.66 ⟹

⟹ 푐 = −1.38

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 == −1.5 + (−0.7 + 1.5) ∙ log 5.31 ⟹

28

⟹ 푐 = −0.92

푐 = 푐 , ⟹ 푐 = −0.27

The positive values for the pressure coefficients for the 휃 = 0°wind direction are:

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 = = 0.37 + (0.37 − 0.37) ∙ log 2.66 ⟹

⟹ 푐 = 0.37

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 == 0.37 + (0.37 − 0.37) ∙ log 5.31 ⟹

⟹ 푐 = 0.37

푐 = 푐 , ⟹ 푐 = 0.27

»For the 휃 = 180° wind direction:

ℎ = 6.00 푚

푏 = 10.00 푚

푒 = min(푏; 2 ∙ ℎ) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = min(10.00 푚; 2 ∙ 6.00 푚) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = 10.00 푚

The values for the exposed areas for the 휃 = 180° wind direction are:

1 푚 < 퐴 = 2.66 푚 < 10 푚

1 푚 < 퐴 = 5.61 푚 < 10 푚

퐴 = 76.62 푚 > 10 푚

The pressure coefficients for the 휃 = 180° wind direction are:

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 = = −2.63 + (−2.03 + 2.63) ∙ log 2.66 ⟹

⟹ 푐 = −2.375

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 == −1.83 + (−1.13 + 1.83) ∙ log 5.31 ⟹

⟹ 푐 = −1.32

푐 = 푐 , ⟹ 푐 = −0.87

»For the 휃 = 90° wind direction:

ℎ = 6.00 푚

푏 = 8.10 푚

푒 = min(푏; 2 ∙ ℎ) ⟹

29

⟹ 푒 = min(8.10 푚; 2 ∙ 6.00 푚) ⟹

⟹ 푒 = 8.10 푚


The values for the exposed areas for the 휃 = 90° wind direction are:

1 푚 < 퐴 = 3.57 푚 < 10 푚

1 푚 < 퐴 = 3.57 푚 < 10 푚

퐴 = 28.54 푚 > 10 푚

퐴 = 48.40 푚 > 10 푚

30


The pressure coefficients for the 휃 = 90° wind direction are:

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 = −2.0 + (−1.27 + 2.0) ∙ log 3.57

⟹ 푐 = −1.60

푐 = 푐 , + 푐 , − 푐 , ∙ log 퐴 = −2.33 + (−1.77 + 2.33) ∙ log 3.57 ⟹

⟹ 푐 = −2.02

푐 = 푐 , ⟹ 푐 = −0.87

푐 = 푐 , ⟹ 푐 = −1.23

In the end, the wind load for the different exposed areas will be:

»N-S direction, vertical surfaces:

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.12) = −1.09 푘푁/푚

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.80) = −0.78 푘푁/푚

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.12) = −1.09 푘푁/푚

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.80) = −0.78 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (+0.80) = +0.78 푘푁/푚

31

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.30) = −0.30푘푁/푚

»휃 = 0°direction, horizontal roof, negative values:

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.38) = −1.34 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.92) = −0.89 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.27) = −0.26 푘푁/푚

»휃 = 0°direction, horizontal roof, positive values:

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (+0.37) = +0.36 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (+0.37) = +0.36 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (+0.27) = +0.26 푘푁/푚

»휃 = 180° direction, horizontal roof:

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−2.40) = −2.33 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.32) = −1.28 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.87) = −0.85 푘푁/푚

Due to the small surface of the AI, AII, F and G areas, in global modeling of the wind

action were used the values of the surface presure on the largest area on each side.

Wind loading scheme, for N-S direction was considerated in structural model on the Y axis of the model (global 2 direction). Therefore results 2 loading case:

VYP (P from pozitive = SN)

VYN (N from negative = NS)

32

» W-E direction, vertical surfaces:

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.00) = −0.97 푘푁/푚

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.80) = −0.78 푘푁/푚

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.03) = −1.00 푘푁/푚

푤∗

= 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.80) = −0.78 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (+0.80) = +0.78 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐∗

= 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.30) = −0.30 푘푁/푚

»휃 = 90° direction, horizontal roof:

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.60) = −1.56 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−2.02) = −1.96 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−0.87) = −0.85 푘푁/푚

푤 = 푞 ∙ 푐 (6.0 푚) ∙ 푐 = 0.7 ∙ 1.39 ∙ (−1.23) = −1.20 푘푁/푚

33

3.2.4 Seismic load

The seismic load will be evaluated using P100-2006 – Earthquaqe resistance design code – Part 1 – Rules for Buildings, the Romanian code for evaluating the sesmic load on buildings. P100-2006 was developed in accordance with the principles, methods and procedures found in Eurocode 8 [SR-EN 1998-1:2004]: “Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures”.

The fundamental requirements and compliance criteria of the code P100-2006 are:

- No collapse requirement - Damage limitation requirement

Therefore, in order to sadisfy the fundamental requirements, the following limit states shall be checked:

- Ultimate limit state - Serviceability limit state

According to P100-2006 Code, for earthquake resistance design, Romanian teritory is divided into seismic hazard areas.

34

Seismic hazard is described by peak value of horizontal ground acceleration (ag), corespondig to a reference return period of 100 years.

Map from P100-2006: Zoning for the characteristic value of the peak value of groud acceleration a reference return period of 100 years (values from 0.08g to 0.32g).

Map from P100-2006: Zoning for the control period Tc of response spectrum

For Bucuresti – the place where is designed the house prototype, the values for seismic

design are:

35

Tc = 1.60 s

ag = 0.24g

Normalized response spectrum for horizontal components of the ground motion for Bucuresti is:

Chart from P100-2006: Normalized elastic response spectrum for horizontal ground motion

3.2.4.1 Seismic force

According to P100-2006, point 4.5.3.2.2, the design seismic force for a building coresponding to earthquake ground motion:

36

The seismic force was introduced in structural model using lateral force method, in which the seismic force is a ratio (c=0.66) from the building weight, as a linear static loading case for each of the main ortoghonal direction.

Loading case resulted are: SX = pure seismic load on X direction (1 main direction)

SY = pure seismic load on Y direction (2 main direction)

Loading combination resulted are:

CSXP = SX+GS (special gravitational loading case) with global positive X direction

CSXN = SX+GS with global negative X direction

CSYP = SY+GS with global positive Y direction

CSYN = SY+GS with global negative Y direction

3.2.4.2 Lateral displacement checking

a. Servicibility limit state Lateral displacement checking for SLS it is made according with P100-2006 – Anneix E, and it consists in story relative displacement:

SLSarre

SLSr ddqd ,

SLSrd - relative story displacement under seismic action associatet for SLS;

- reduction factor which takes account of lower return period of associated earthquake. The value of factor is: 0.5 for rezidential buildings having III or IV importance factor

37

q – behavior factor

red - relative displacement of the same level, determined by calculating the action of static elastic seismic design loads

SLSard , - allowable amount of relative level displacement = 0.005 h = 0.005 x 6.0m =

3.0cm.

b. Ultimate limit state Lateral displacement checking for ULS it’s made according with Annex E.2, P100-

2006: SLUarre

SLUr ddqcd , SLUrd - - relative story displacement under seismic action associatet for ULS;

q - behavior factor of structure;

red - relative displacement of the same level, determined by calculating the action of static elastic seismic design loads;

푐 = 1 ≤ 3 − 2,5

≤ 2 - displacement amplification factor, which takes into account that for T <Tc calculated in the inelastic seismic displacements are larger than the corresponding elastic seismic response.

SLUard , - allowable amount of relative level displacement = 0.025 h = 0.025 x 6.0m =

15.0cm.

3.3 Load combinations

The load combinations will be made after CR 0-2005-¨Basis of structural design¨ , the Romanian code for evaluating general loads on buildings and load combinations.

CR 0-2005. was developed in accordance with the principles, methods and procedures found inEurocode 0 [EN 1990:2002] “Basis of structural design”

Safety factors for materials and for action will be considered after CR 0-2005 for Ultimate State Design and for Servicibility State Design, and they comply with Rule 51.6 –Structural Safety, point 3. Safety factors.

Load combinations made after CR 0-2005 comply with Rule 51.6, point 4. Load Combinations.

For ULS load combinations, the following relation will be used:

Were:

1.35

1

n

j

Gk.j

1.5Qk.1

2

m

j

1.50.i Qk.i

38

1

n

j

Gk.j

1Ar.k

1

m

i

2.1 Qk.i

For seismic action, the load combination will be:

Were:

Load combinations resulted:

39

LOAD CASE/LOAD COMBINATION

GRPR PERM U SNOW VXP VXN VYP VYN SX SY Description STATE Used for:

GF 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 - - - - - - Fundamental gravity load combo ULS Base platform

FOUND1 1.35 1.35 1.5 - - - - - - - Fundamental gravity load combo ULS Temporary foundation

GS1 1.00 1.00 0.40 0.40 - - - - - - Special gravity load combo SLS Seismic action

GS2 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 - - - - - - Servicibily checking SLS Base platform deformation

C-Z+VXP 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 1.05 - - - - - Snow+wind X positive direction ULS Roof+ N & S walls

C_Z+VXN 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 - 1.05 - - - - Snow+wind X negative direction ULS Roof+ N & S walls

C_Z+VYP 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 - - 1.05 - - - Snow+wind Y positive direction ULS Roof+ E & W walls

C_Z+VYN 1.35 1.35 1.5 1.5 - - 1.05 - - Snow+wind Y positive direction ULS Roof+ E & W walls

C_VXP 1.35 1.35 1.5 - 1.5 - - - - - Wind in X positive direction ULS General displacement on wind action + temporary foundation

C_VXN 1.35 1.35 1.5 - - 1.5 - - - - Wind in X negative direction ULS General displacement on wind action + temporary foundation

C_VYP 1.35 1.35 1.5 - - - 1.5 - - - Wind in Y positive direction ULS General displacement on wind action + temporary foundation

C_VXN 1.35 1.35 1.5 - - - - 1.5 - - Wind in Y negative direction ULS General displacement on wind action + temporary foundation

C_SXP 1.00 1.00 0.4 0.4 - - - - 1.00 - Earthquake in X positive direction ULS General displacement+wall stresses

C_SXN 1.00 1.00 0.4 0.4 - - - - 1.00 - Earthquake in X negative direction ULS General displacement+wall stresses

C_SYP 1.00 1.00 0.4 0.4 - - - - - 1.00 Earthquake in Y positive direction ULS General displacement+wall stresses

C_SYN 1.00 1.00 0.4 0.4 - - - - - 1.00 Earthquake in Y negative direction ULS General displacement+wall stresses

TRANS1 1.50 1.50 - - - - - - - - Transport ULS Stresses in elements in uplifting ipothesis during the assembly/disassambly stage

Note:GRPRPERMUSNOW VXP, VXN, VYP, VYNSXM SYFor transport stage, a dinamic mass coeficient of 1.50 was applied to self weight and permanent loads of the elements

=Selfweight of structural elements + wall finishing=Permanent gravitational loadslife loadssnow loadWind loadsSeismic loads

40

CHAPTER 4 – TEMPORARY FOUNDATION

According to code NP-112-2004 – “Foundation design code” – Romanian code for designing builgings foundation, all residential buildings having I, II or III importance factor – according to P100-2006 “Earthquake resistance design code” must have continnous concrete foundation, at least 1.00m depth, therefore the foundation solution using ajustable steel footings will be used only during the Solar Decathlon Competition in Madrid.

At returning from the competition in Romania, at the last assembly site of the PRISPA house, it will have reinforced concrete foundation, in order to be aproved by local authorities.

For dimensioning the temporary adjustable footings, the following elements were used:

- Adjustable steel footing: Typ R10-2 offered by Rothoblass – Rothofixing system, with following properties:

Adjustable height: from 190mm to 205mm

- Hard plywood panel for footing, 40mm thick, with at least 20N/mm2 characteristic

compresion resistance.

According to Rule 51.6 Structural Safety, point 5: Load bearing pressure for SDE competition = 50kN/m2.

Considering the maximum pressure allowed on the field equal with 50kN/m2, the

necessary area for footing was determined using the maximum vertical reaction in each steel foot.

FOUNDATION JOINT PATTERN DIAGRAM (extract from SAP2000 model)

Note: axis according to structural design model extracted from SAP2000. Points label according to structural design model. Color legend:

1 – Porch columns foundations

2 – South wall foundations – Axis B

3 – Platform foundations

4 – Kitchen-Bathrom-Bedroom module platform foundations – Axis C

5 – Kitchen-Bathrom-Bedroom module platform intermediate foundations

6 – Kitchen-Bathrom-Bedroom module platform foundations – Axis D

For joint reaction and foot dimension are extracted in the following table:

Values from last column are marked on ST-001_Foundation Plan, as maximum pressure on each footing.

Joint Footing plate necessary width

Steel foot load/capable

TIP NAME FOUND1 C_VXP C_VXN C_VYP C_VYNMaximum reaction

bnec [m] F3/N.1.k beff [m]peff

[kN/m2]1 46 6.3 6.7 7.9 8.2 2.9 7.9 0.40 0.12 0.40 49.41 50 6.7 8.0 7.2 6.9 6.4 7.8 0.40 0.12 0.40 48.81 1832 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.8 2.1 2.8 0.24 0.04 0.40 17.61 7001 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.3 0.35 0.10 0.40 39.31 7002 6.3 5.7 5.6 6.6 6.1 6.6 0.36 0.10 0.40 41.11 7003 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.7 5.7 0.34 0.09 0.40 35.92 1835 21.0 12.3 12.7 20.7 23.4 23.4 0.68 0.35 0.80 36.62 1838 25.6 25.0 23.4 31.3 22.1 31.3 0.79 0.47 0.80 48.92 1839 25.1 19.2 18.3 25.3 27.4 27.4 0.74 0.42 0.80 42.82 1833 27.7 16.5 17.5 25.5 28.5 28.5 0.75 0.43 0.80 44.52 7013 6.3 7.1 7.3 7.9 8.0 8.0 0.40 0.12 0.40 50.02 7043 5.6 6.3 6.5 7.5 7.9 7.9 0.40 0.12 0.40 49.42 7046 5.9 6.4 6.1 7.1 6.9 7.1 0.38 0.11 0.40 44.42 7047 5.0 4.9 4.4 5.1 5.8 5.8 0.34 0.09 0.40 36.33 7144 6.9 6.0 6.3 7.2 7.4 7.4 0.38 0.11 0.40 46.33 7145 3.2 6.1 4.3 4.5 5.6 6.1 0.35 0.09 0.40 38.13 7146 6.6 6.2 7.2 4.4 4.9 7.2 0.38 0.11 0.40 45.03 7147 5.6 6.4 6.9 5.6 4.7 6.9 0.37 0.10 0.40 43.14 1840 26.1 24.7 28.3 27.9 25.2 28.3 0.75 0.43 0.80 44.24 1844 25.5 24.4 23.8 27.7 23.7 27.7 0.74 0.42 0.80 43.34 1852 29.8 23.9 24.5 28.3 29.1 29.8 0.77 0.45 0.80 46.64 7131 30.2 25.5 24.7 31.5 28.4 31.5 0.79 0.48 0.80 49.24 7152 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8 0.34 0.09 0.40 36.34 7154 6.6 5.6 5.6 7.1 6.4 7.1 0.38 0.11 0.40 44.44 7155 4.9 4.2 3.2 5.3 5.9 5.9 0.34 0.09 0.40 36.94 7158 4.8 4.8 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.8 0.31 0.07 0.40 30.05 4692 20.8 21.2 20.4 18.0 22.8 22.8 0.68 0.35 0.80 35.75 4693 15.1 13.1 13.5 13.2 16.8 16.8 0.58 0.25 0.80 26.35 7148 27.3 26.6 26.5 26.3 28.2 28.2 0.75 0.43 0.80 44.15 7149 21.2 19.8 20.0 20.5 21.7 21.7 0.66 0.33 0.80 33.96 54 7.4 7.5 8.1 6.0 6.7 8.1 0.40 0.12 0.50 32.36 1883 15.5 16.6 17.9 15.4 21.8 21.8 0.66 0.33 0.80 34.16 1849 27.0 27.6 27.8 28.2 23.3 28.2 0.75 0.43 0.80 44.16 1850 20.5 23.0 22.7 10.6 27.4 27.4 0.74 0.42 0.80 42.86 1851 15.3 18.6 16.9 6.0 22.7 22.7 0.67 0.34 0.80 35.56 3805 7.4 7.2 7.5 5.8 5.7 7.5 0.39 0.11 0.50 30.06 4688 5.9 7.6 7.3 7.1 6.9 7.6 0.39 0.12 0.50 30.4

Vertical F3 [kN] joint reaction/Load combination

CHAPTER 5 – STRUCTURAL CALCULATION

5.1 STRUCTURAL BUILDING CODE USED The following national codes were used in designing PRISPA house structure:

Legea nr. 10/1995 , modificată prin Legea nr.123/2007 , privind calitatea în construcții

Defines demandings and needed performances to be fullfiled by constructions: strengh and stability, safety in operation, fire safety, hygene, human health, environmental safety, thermal insulation, waterprofing, energy saving and protection against noise

[10/1995 Law regarding quality in construction activities]

P100-1/2006 – Cod de proiectare s eismica, preve deri de proiectare pentru clădiri

Defines the seismic maping of Romania and seismic resistance design of buildings.

Developed in accordance with SR-EN 1998-1:2004 – “Design provisions for earthquake resistance of structures”

[Earthquaqe resistance design code. Part 1 – Rules for Buildings]

CR-1-1-3-2005 – Evaluarea acțiunea zăpezii asupra construcțiilor

Defines the snow loads, areas and action of constructions.

Developed in accordance with EN 1991-1-3, 2003 [Snow action on construction]

NP 082/2004 – Evaluarea acțiunii vântului asupra construcțiilor

Defines the wind action on buildings.

Developed in accordance with EN 1991-2-4: ‘General actions. Wind actions.” [Wind load on buildings]

CR 0-2005 – Bazele proiectării în construcții It classifyes actions and loading that used in designin rezidentilal buildings, partially safety factors and material safety factors. It also defines loads combination used in design.

Developed in accordance with EN 1990: 2002

[Basis of structural design]

SR EN 1993-1-1 –Proiectarea structurilor din otel. Reguli generale si reguli pentru clădiri

Steel buildings design code

Developed in accordance with EN 1993-1-1

[Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures. Part 1-1: General rules ]

NP005-03 –Normativ privind proiectarea construcțiilor din lemn

Romanian own code for timber design structures. It presents general data about wood as construction material and wood constructions, especially roofs.

[National design code for timber structures]

SR EN 1995-1-1 –Proiectarea structurilor din lemn. Partea 1-1: Generalități – Reguli comune și reguli pentru clădiri.

Defines the timber structures design.

Developed in accordance with EN 1995-1-1:2004

[Eurocode 5: Design of tmber structures- Part 1-1: General – common rules and rules for buildings

NP 112-2004 –Normativ privind proiectarea structurilor de fundare directă

Defines the foundation system design for residential and industrial buildings.

[Național design code for foudation structures]

5.2 DYNAMIC PROPERTIES

Fundamental period T1=0.206s

OutputCase StepType StepNum PeriodText Text Unitless Sec

MODAL Mode 1 0.207MODAL Mode 2 0.206MODAL Mode 3 0.189MODAL Mode 4 0.174MODAL Mode 5 0.173MODAL Mode 6 0.173

TABLE: Modal Periods And Frequencies

5.3 STIFFNESS CHECKOUT Point displacement – top roof girder +5.85m

Seismic load combination – X direction – maximum SXP/SXN

TABLE: Joint DisplacementsJoint OutputCase CaseType U1 U2 U3 R1 R2 R3

11239 C_SXP Combination 3.68 0.22 -0.33 0.00 0.00 0.0011240 C_SXP Combination 3.68 0.09 -0.02 0.00 0.00 0.0011242 C_SXP Combination 3.68 0.32 -0.57 0.00 0.00 0.0011243 C_SXP Combination 3.68 0.38 -0.72 0.00 0.00 0.0011245 C_SXP Combination 3.67 0.45 -0.93 0.01 0.00 0.0011247 C_SXP Combination 3.67 0.51 -1.11 0.01 0.00 0.0011248 C_SXP Combination 3.67 0.59 -1.34 0.01 0.00 0.0011250 C_SXP Combination 3.67 0.53 -1.24 0.01 0.00 0.0011253 C_SXP Combination 3.66 0.52 -1.25 0.01 0.00 0.0011255 C_SXP Combination 3.66 0.56 -1.38 0.01 0.00 0.0011257 C_SXP Combination 3.66 0.43 -1.10 0.01 0.00 0.0011259 C_SXP Combination 3.66 0.34 -0.91 0.01 0.00 0.0011260 C_SXP Combination 3.66 0.27 -0.79 0.00 0.00 0.0011262 C_SXP Combination 3.65 0.18 -0.59 0.01 0.00 0.0011264 C_SXP Combination 3.65 0.08 -0.38 0.00 0.00 0.0011265 C_SXP Combination 3.65 -0.06 -0.08 0.00 0.00 0.0011267 C_SXP Combination 3.65 -0.02 -0.22 0.00 0.00 0.0011269 C_SXP Combination 3.65 -0.05 -0.20 0.00 0.00 0.0011270 C_SXP Combination 3.65 -0.15 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.0011272 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.07 -0.20 0.00 0.00 0.0011274 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.08 -0.21 0.00 0.00 0.0011275 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.18 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.0011277 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.10 -0.23 0.00 0.00 0.0011279 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.11 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.0011280 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.20 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.0011282 C_SXP Combination 3.64 -0.11 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.0011284 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.11 -0.32 0.00 0.00 0.0011285 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.20 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.0011287 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.11 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.0011289 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.10 -0.47 0.00 0.00 0.0011290 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.18 -0.32 0.00 0.00 0.0011292 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.10 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.0011294 C_SXP Combination 3.63 -0.12 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.0011295 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.21 -0.33 0.00 0.00 0.0011297 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.12 -0.56 0.00 0.00 0.0011299 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.13 -0.57 0.00 0.00 0.0011300 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.22 -0.38 0.00 0.00 0.0011302 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.14 -0.62 0.00 0.00 0.0011304 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.14 -0.64 0.00 0.00 0.0011305 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.23 -0.45 0.00 0.00 0.0011307 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.14 -0.69 0.00 0.00 0.0011309 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.15 -0.71 0.00 0.00 0.0011310 C_SXP Combination 3.61 -0.23 -0.51 0.00 0.00 0.0011312 C_SXP Combination 3.61 -0.14 -0.76 0.00 0.00 0.0011314 C_SXP Combination 3.61 -0.14 -0.78 0.00 0.00 0.0011315 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.22 -0.57 0.00 0.00 0.0011317 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.12 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.0011319 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.10 -0.83 0.00 0.00 0.0011320 C_SXP Combination 3.62 -0.20 -0.57 0.00 0.00 0.00

Seismic load combination –Y direction – maximum SYP/SYN

TABLE: Joint DisplacementsJoint OutputCase CaseType U1 U2 U3 R1 R2 R3Text Text Text mm mm mm Radians Radians Radians

11239 C_SYP Combination -0.20 3.30 -0.69 0.00 0.00 0.0011240 C_SYP Combination -0.20 3.04 -0.23 0.00 0.00 0.0011242 C_SYP Combination -0.19 3.50 -0.98 0.01 0.00 0.0011243 C_SYP Combination -0.19 3.63 -1.11 0.00 0.00 0.0011245 C_SYP Combination -0.19 3.84 -1.45 0.01 0.00 0.0011247 C_SYP Combination -0.19 4.03 -1.73 0.01 0.00 0.0011248 C_SYP Combination -0.19 4.24 -2.06 0.01 0.00 0.0011250 C_SYP Combination -0.18 4.27 -1.94 0.01 0.00 0.0011253 C_SYP Combination -0.18 4.36 -1.97 0.02 0.00 0.0011255 C_SYP Combination -0.18 4.50 -2.15 0.01 0.00 0.0011257 C_SYP Combination -0.17 4.42 -1.78 0.01 0.00 0.0011259 C_SYP Combination -0.17 4.39 -1.52 0.01 0.00 0.0011260 C_SYP Combination -0.16 4.36 -1.31 0.01 0.00 0.0011262 C_SYP Combination -0.16 4.30 -1.01 0.01 0.00 0.0011264 C_SYP Combination -0.15 4.21 -0.64 0.01 0.00 0.0011265 C_SYP Combination -0.14 4.05 -0.13 0.00 0.00 0.0011267 C_SYP Combination -0.13 4.17 -0.31 0.00 0.00 0.0011269 C_SYP Combination -0.13 4.18 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.0011270 C_SYP Combination -0.12 4.06 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.0011272 C_SYP Combination -0.11 4.24 -0.21 0.00 0.00 0.0011274 C_SYP Combination -0.10 4.27 -0.21 0.00 0.00 0.0011275 C_SYP Combination -0.10 4.14 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.0011277 C_SYP Combination -0.09 4.30 -0.22 0.00 0.00 0.0011279 C_SYP Combination -0.08 4.31 -0.23 0.00 0.00 0.0011280 C_SYP Combination -0.07 4.17 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.0011282 C_SYP Combination -0.07 4.32 -0.27 0.00 0.00 0.0011284 C_SYP Combination -0.06 4.32 -0.30 0.00 0.00 0.0011285 C_SYP Combination -0.05 4.16 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.0011287 C_SYP Combination -0.05 4.31 -0.38 0.00 0.00 0.0011289 C_SYP Combination -0.04 4.32 -0.46 0.00 0.00 0.0011290 C_SYP Combination -0.04 4.18 -0.17 0.00 0.00 0.0011292 C_SYP Combination -0.03 4.31 -0.49 0.00 0.00 0.0011294 C_SYP Combination -0.03 4.29 -0.45 0.00 0.00 0.0011295 C_SYP Combination -0.02 4.14 -0.06 0.00 0.00 0.0011297 C_SYP Combination -0.02 4.28 -0.43 0.00 0.00 0.0011299 C_SYP Combination -0.01 4.26 -0.42 0.00 0.00 0.0011300 C_SYP Combination -0.01 4.10 -0.05 0.00 0.00 0.0011302 C_SYP Combination 0.00 4.23 -0.43 0.00 0.00 0.0011304 C_SYP Combination 0.00 4.21 -0.44 0.00 0.00 0.0011305 C_SYP Combination 0.00 4.03 -0.08 0.00 0.00 0.0011307 C_SYP Combination 0.01 4.14 -0.47 0.00 0.00 0.0011309 C_SYP Combination 0.01 4.10 -0.49 0.00 0.00 0.0011310 C_SYP Combination 0.01 3.91 -0.13 0.00 0.00 0.0011312 C_SYP Combination 0.02 4.01 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.0011314 C_SYP Combination 0.02 3.95 -0.56 0.00 0.00 0.0011315 C_SYP Combination 0.02 3.74 -0.21 0.00 0.00 0.0011317 C_SYP Combination 0.02 3.83 -0.63 0.00 0.00 0.0011319 C_SYP Combination 0.02 3.77 -0.66 0.00 0.00 0.0011320 C_SYP Combination 0.02 3.55 -0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00

5.4 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS CALCULATION 5.4.1 OSB lateral wall stresses – East and West walls:

Calculations were made for all directions and in all combination of lateral loads: WIND and EARTHQUAKE. The maximum stresses were obtain in lateral walls – East and West, shown bellow.

C_VYP - Vertical internal stresses C_VYP - Horizontal internal stresses

CSYP - Vertical internal stresses CSYP - Horizontal internal stresses

Osb boards are bracing the structure and the requirements of lateral stability, both in wind and earthquake actions are accomplised.

Structural calculation of wood elements are made according to SR-EN 1995-1-1:2005 -Proiectarea structurilor din lemn. Partea 1-1: Generalitati - Reguli comune si regulipentru cladiri - developed after EN 1995-1-1:2004 - Eurocode 5 - Design of timberstructures - Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules for buildings.

Notation of chapters and pharagraphs are made according to this document and it'sNational Annex and it may have difference from original english version.

Text shortcuts:- Eq - equation number according to SR-EN- Tab - table from were the value was extracted

01-Material properties

02-Section properties

2. Section propertiesComposed I shape section, made from wooden flange and osb web.

Width of flange: bf 90mm

Thickness of flange hf 45mm

Thickness of web: bw 10mm

Height of web: hw 150mm

Flange area Af bf hf 4050 mm2

Web area Aw bw hw 1500 mm2

second moment of one the flanges

Ifbf hf

3

12bf hf

hw hf

2

2

3.92 107 mm4

51

second moment of the web

Iwbw hw

3

122.81 106 mm4


03-Composed section properties

Mean value of flange modulus of elasticityEmean.f E0.mean 11500N

mm2

Mean value of web modulus of elasticity Emean.w Et.0.mean_osb 3800N

mm2

Deformation factor for timber service class 1:kdef.f 0.6 [Tab(3.2)]

Deformation factor for OSB3 service class 1:kdef.w 1.50 [Tab(3.2)]

Equivalent cross-sectional area and second moment of area

Aef.fin 2AfEmean.wEmean.f

1 kdef.f

1 kdef.w

Aw 8417 mm2

Ief.fin 2IfEmean.wEmean.f

1 kdef.f

1 kdef.w

Iw 7.9 107 mm4

Emean.wEmean.f

0.33


04-Design efforts

Roof girder, beetween 1-2 axis. Loads from GF load combination = snow dominant loading -ULSAccording to EC5-1, Tab. 2.1 and 2.2, snow load is considered a medium time load duration.

52

Md 6.80kN m Nd 1.20kN Vd 0kN

04-Design efforts

04-Bending

Stresses in the flanges(a) - Bending stresses

Maximum desing compressive stress due to bending:

σf.fin.c.max.dMdIef.fin

hw2

hf

10.33N

mm2

Maximum design tensile stress due to bending:

σf.fin.t.max.dMdIef.fin

hw2

hf

10.33N

mm2

Design bending strength:

fm.dkmod kh fm.k

γM

load duration modifation factor (medium time load):

kmod 0.80 [Tab(3.1)]

[Eq(3.1)]equivalent height of the bent .section kh min

150mmhf

0.21.3

kh 1.27

wood partial safety factor γM 1.3 [Tab(2.3)]

fm.dkmod kh fm.k

γM21

N

mm2

checking σf.fin.t.max.dfm.d

0.489 less than 1, checked

(b) - compression stresses The design requirement is that the compression stress in the flange must be less than or equato compresion strengthThe compression stress is taken to be the average value of the compressive stress in flangedue to bending:

σf.fin.c.dMdIef.fin

hw2

hf

10.33N

mm2

53

Design compressive strengthEq(2.17)]

fc0..dkmod kh fc.0.k

γM

kmod 0.8 [Tab(3.1)]

[Eq(3.1)]kh min

150mmmax hf bf

0.21.3

1.11

γM 1.3 [Tab(2.3)]

fc.0.dkmod kh fc.0.k

γM14.99

N

mm2

kc 1 factor that takes into account lateral instability. Equal to 1 dueto fixing

[Chapter 5.3]

checking less than 1, checkedσf.fin.c.dkc fc.0.d

0.69

(c) - tensile stresses

σf.fin.t.dMdIef.fin

hw2

hf

10.33N

mm2

Design tensile strength

ft.0.dkmod kh ft.0.k

γM

kmod 0.8

kh min150mm

max hf bf

0.21.3

1.11

γM 1.3

ft.0.dkmod kh ft.0.k

γM10.91

N

mm2

checking less than 1, checkedσf.fin.t.dft.0.d

0.95

54

Stresses in web

(a) - bending stresses The maximum stresses due to bending in the web on the compression side:

σw.fin.c.dMdIef.fin

hw2

Emean.w 1 kdef.f

Emean.f 1 kdef.w

σc3 σw.fin.c.d 1.37N

mm2

compression stress = tension stress due to the simetri of sectionσt3 σc3

Compressive bending strength of web material

fc.w.dkmod fc.0.k_osb

γM

load duration modifation factor (medium time load):

kmod_osb 0.70

OSB partial safety factor γM 1.2

fc.w.dkmod_osb fc.0.k_osb

γM9.3

N

mm2

Tensile bending strength of web material

ft.w.dkmod_osb ft.0.k_osb

γM5.8

N

mm2

σc3fc.w.d

0.15

σt3ft.w.d

0.24

04-Bending

05-Shear

General relations are presented. For this combo the shear force = 0Shear calculation applies in proping area.

1- Shear stress in webweb buckling (due to shear) and shear stress check

hw70 bw

0.21 [Eq(9.8)]

55

Design panel shear strength:

fv.0.dkmod fv.k

γM4.53

N

mm2

The shear resistance force : [Eq(9.9)]

Fv.w.Ed bw hw 1 0.5hf hf hw

fv.0.d

hwbw

35if

35bw2 1 0.5

hf hf hw

fv.0.d

35hwbw

70

if

Fv.w.Ed 8.84 kN

VdFv.w.Ed

0.00

2 - Shear stress in the glued jointsHorizontal sheaer stresses generated in the flange area are trasnferred between the web andthe flanges through the glued interface conection.The design shear stress is:

Sf bf hfhw hf

2

2.13 1081mmm4

τfin.mean.dVd Sf

Ief.fin 2 hf 0

N

mm2

The design shear strength:

planar shear strength:

fv.90.dkmod fr.k

γM0.67

N

mm2

bef bw 10 mm [Eq(9.11)]

fv.90.Rd fv.90.d hf 4befif

fv.90.d4 bef

hf

0.8

hf 4 befif

[Eq(9.10)]

fv.90.Rd 0.61N

mm2 τfin.mean.d

fv.90.Rd0 less than 1, ok

05-Shear

56

ROOF GIRDER 1 - SECTION PROPERTIES

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]

If [mm 4 ]Emean.f [N/mm 2 ]

bw [mm] hw [mm] Aw [mm 2 ] Iw [mm 4 ]Emean.w [N/mm 2 ]

k.h bending k.h comp

90 45 4050 3.92E+07 1.15E+04 10 150 1500 2.81E+06 3.80E+03 1.27 1.11

Bending tension

Design tension Check

Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Compresion

stressCompresion

stress Check Tension stress Compresion stress Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo

Load type Aef.fin [mm 2 ]

Ief.fin [mm 4 ]σ.f.fin.c.max.d

[N/mm 2 ]f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.t.max.d

[N/mm 2 ]f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d

[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d

[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

6.8 1.5 0.0 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 10.4 21.1 0.49 10.4 21.1 0.49 10.4 15.0 0.69 10.4 10.9 0.957.7 1.5 7.5 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 11.7 21.1 0.55 11.7 21.1 0.55 11.7 15.0 0.78 11.7 10.9 1.07

ROOF GIRDER 1 - SECTION PROPERTIES

FLANGE STRESSES CHECK

FLANGE WEB

LOAD Section design

7.7 1.5 7.5 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 11.7 21.1 0.55 11.7 21.1 0.55 11.7 15.0 0.78 11.7 10.9 1.072.1 0.6 0.0 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 3.2 15.9 0.20 3.2 15.9 0.20 3.2 11.2 0.28 3.2 8.2 0.392.3 0.6 1.7 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 3.4 15.9 0.22 3.4 15.9 0.22 3.4 11.2 0.31 3.4 8.2 0.422.1 0.4 0.0 C_perm Short term 8298 7.87E+07 3.2 23.8 0.13 3.2 23.8 0.13 3.2 16.9 0.19 3.2 12.3 0.26

Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Bending

tension Design tension Check Design shear

stressDesign shear

force Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo Load type Aef.fin

[mm 2 ]Ief.fin [mm 4 ]

σ.w.fin.c.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.w.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.w.fin.t.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.w.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 f.v.0.d [N/mm 2 ] F.v.w.Ed [N ] <1

6.8 1.5 0.0 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 1.1 9.3 0.12 1.1 5.8 0.19 4.96 9.7 0.007.7 1.5 7.5 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 1.2 9.3 0.13 1.2 5.8 0.21 4.96 9.7 0.78

WEB STRESS CHECK

LOAD Section design

7.7 1.5 7.5 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 1.2 9.3 0.13 1.2 5.8 0.21 4.96 9.7 0.782.1 0.6 0.0 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.4 9.3 0.05 0.4 3.3 0.13 2.83 5.5 0.002.3 0.6 1.7 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.5 9.3 0.05 0.5 3.3 0.14 2.83 5.5 0.312.1 0.4 0.0 C_perm Short term 8298 7.87E+07 0.3 11.9 0.02 0.3 7.4 0.04 6.38 12.4 0.00

57

ROOF GIRDER 1 - DESIGN STRESSES

58


59

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]




90 45 4050 ####### 1.15E+04 10 150 1500 2.81E+06 3.80E+03 1.27 1.11

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo






[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

3.2 0.0 0.0 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 4.9 21.1 0.23 4.9 21.1 0.23 4.9 15.0 0.32 4.9 10.9 0.454.0 0.0 5.6 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 6.1 21.1 0.29 6.1 21.1 0.29 6.1 15.0 0.41 6.1 10.9 0.56

ROOF GIRDER 2 - SECTION PROPERTIESFLANGE WEB


LOAD Section design

4.0 0.0 5.6 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 6.1 21.1 0.29 6.1 21.1 0.29 6.1 15.0 0.41 6.1 10.9 0.561.2 0.0 0.0 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 1.8 15.9 0.12 1.8 15.9 0.12 1.8 11.2 0.16 1.8 8.2 0.221.3 0.0 1.2 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 2.0 15.9 0.12 2.0 15.9 0.12 2.0 11.2 0.18 2.0 8.2 0.241.2 0.6 0.0 C_VYN Short term 8298 7.87E+07 1.8 23.8 0.08 1.8 23.8 0.08 1.8 16.9 0.11 1.8 12.3 0.15

Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Bending


stressDesign shear

force Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]






3.2 0.0 0.0 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 0.5 9.3 0.05 0.5 5.8 0.09 4.96 9.7 0.004.0 0.0 5.6 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 0.6 9.3 0.07 0.6 5.8 0.11 4.96 9.7 0.58

WEB STRESS CHECK

LOAD Section design

4.0 0.0 5.6 GF Middle term 8348 7.88E+07 0.6 9.3 0.07 0.6 5.8 0.11 4.96 9.7 0.581.2 0.0 0.0 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.2 9.3 0.03 0.2 3.3 0.07 2.83 5.5 0.001.3 0.0 1.2 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.3 9.3 0.03 0.3 3.3 0.08 2.83 5.5 0.221.2 0.6 0.0 C_VYN Short term 8298 7.87E+07 0.2 11.9 0.01 0.2 7.4 0.02 6.38 12.4 0.00

60


61

Maximum displacement: 9.5 mm GS COMBO Check<1 0.528Allowed displacement: L/250=4700/250=18 mm

ROOF GIRDER 2 - Displacement

62

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]




90 45 4050 ####### 1.15E+04 10 150 1500 2.81E+06 3.80E+03 1.27 1.11

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo






[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

6.1 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 9.3 18.5 0.50 9.3 18.5 0.50 9.3 13.1 0.71 9.3 9.5 0.97

LOAD Section design



6.1 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 9.3 18.5 0.50 9.3 18.5 0.50 9.3 13.1 0.71 9.3 9.5 0.970.0 0.0 4.1 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 0.0 18.5 0.00 0.0 18.5 0.00 0.0 13.1 0.00 0.0 9.5 0.002.4 0.0 0.0 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 3.6 15.9 0.23 3.6 15.9 0.23 3.6 11.2 0.32 3.6 8.2 0.440.0 0.0 1.6 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.0 15.9 0.00 0.0 15.9 0.00 0.0 11.2 0.00 0.0 8.2 0.00

Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Bending


stressDesign shear

force Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]






6.1 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 1.1 6.6 0.17 1.1 4.1 0.28 3.54 6.9 0.000.0 0.0 4.1 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 0.0 6.6 0.00 0.0 4.1 0.00 3.54 6.9 0.59

WEB STRESS CHECK

LOAD Section design

0.0 0.0 4.1 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 0.0 6.6 0.00 0.0 4.1 0.00 3.54 6.9 0.592.4 0.0 0.0 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.5 9.3 0.05 0.5 3.3 0.14 2.83 5.5 0.000.0 0.0 1.6 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.0 9.3 0.00 0.0 3.3 0.00 2.83 5.5 0.29

63

22 mm GS2 COMBO Check<1 0.96523 mm

ROOF GIRDER 1 - Displacement

Allowed displacement: L/250=5700/25=Maximum displacement:

64

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]




90 45 4050 ####### 1.15E+04 10 150 1500 2.81E+06 3.80E+03 1.27 1.11

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo






[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

6.1 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 9.3 18.5 0.50 9.3 18.5 0.50 9.3 13.1 0.71 9.3 9.5 0.97

LOAD Section design




Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Bending


stressDesign shear

force Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]







WEB STRESS CHECK

LOAD Section design


65


66

Maximum displacement: 13.5 mm GS COMBO Check<1 0.750Allowed displacement: L/250=4700/250=18 mm

Platform girder - Displacement

67

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]




90 45 4050 ####### 1.15E+04 10 150 1500 2.81E+06 3.80E+03 1.27 1.11

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo

Load type Aef.fin 2


2f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.t.max.d

2f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d

2f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d

2f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

LOAD Section design

KITCHEN BATHROOM MODULE - PLATFORM GIRDERFLANGE WEB


[kNm] [kN] [kN] ComboLoad type

[mm 2 ]Ief.fin [mm ]

[N/mm 2 ]f.m.d [N/mm ] <1

[N/mm 2 ]f.m.d [N/mm ] <1

[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm ] <1

[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm ] <1

4.3 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 6.5 18.5 0.35 6.5 18.5 0.35 6.5 13.1 0.50 6.5 9.5 0.693.0 0.0 8.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 4.6 18.5 0.25 4.6 18.5 0.25 4.6 13.1 0.35 4.6 9.5 0.480.9 0.0 1.5 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 1.4 15.9 0.09 1.4 15.9 0.09 1.4 11.2 0.12 1.4 8.2 0.17

Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Bending


stressDesign shear

force Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]






4.3 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 0.8 6.6 0.12 0.8 4.1 0.20 3.54 6.9 0.003.0 0.0 8.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 0.6 6.6 0.09 0.6 4.1 0.14 3.54 6.9 1.16 web stiffeners will be added

WEB STRESS CHECK

LOAD Section design

3.0 0.0 8.0 GF Long term 8397 7.89E+07 0.6 6.6 0.09 0.6 4.1 0.14 3.54 6.9 1.16 web stiffeners will be added0.9 0.0 1.5 C_perm Permanent 8417 7.90E+07 0.2 9.3 0.02 0.2 3.3 0.05 2.83 5.5 0.27

68

KITCHEN BATHROOM MODULE - PLATFORM GIRDER DESIGN STRESSES

69

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]




90 45 4050 ####### 1.15E+04 10 110 1100 1.11E+06 3.80E+03 1.27 1.11

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo






[N/mm 2 ]f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

1.9 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 8318 5.02E+07 3.8 18.5 0.20 3.8 18.5 0.20 3.8 13.1 0.29 3.8 9.5 0.40

LOAD Section design

TECHNICAL MODULE - PLATFORM GIRDERFLANGE WEB



Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion

stressCheck Bending


stressDesign shear

force Check

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]







WEB STRESS CHECK

LOAD Section design


70

TECHNICAL MODULE - PLATFORM GIRDER STRESSES

71

Maximum displacement: 4 mm GS COMBO Check<1 0.333Allowed displacement: L/250=3200/250=112 mm

TECHNICAL MODULE - PLATFORM GIRDER - DISPLACEMENT

72

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]



60 100 6000 5.00E+06 1.15E+04 1.08 1.08

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


M N V Load σ. σ. σ. σ.

PRISPA BEAM - 60x100

GIRDER STRESS CHECK

LOAD

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo

Load type σ.f.fin.c.max.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.t.max.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

0.2 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 1.5 15.8 0.10 1.5 15.8 0.10 1.5 12.8 0.12 1.5 9.3 0.160.3 0.0 1.0 GF Long term 3.4 15.8 0.22 3.4 15.8 0.22 3.4 12.8 0.27 3.4 9.3 0.37

PRISPA BEAM 60x100 DESIGN STRESSES

73

bf [mm]

hf [mm]

Af [mm 2 ]



120 140 16800 2.74E+07 1.15E+04 1.01 1.01

Bending tension


Bending compresion

stress

Design compresion


stressCompresion


PRISPA BEAM - 120X140

GIRDER STRESS CHECK

LOAD

Md [kNm]

Nd [kN]

Vd [kN]

Load Combo

Load type σ.f.fin.c.max.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.t.max.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.m.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1 σ.f.fin.c.d [N/mm 2 ]

f.c.d [N/mm 2 ] <1

0.5 0.0 0.0 GF Long term 1.4 14.7 0.09 1.4 14.7 0.09 1.4 12.0 0.11 1.4 8.7 0.161.0 0.0 2.7 GF Long term 2.6 14.7 0.17 2.6 14.7 0.17 2.6 12.0 0.21 2.6 8.7 0.29

PRISPA BEAM 120X140 DESIGN STRESSES

74



2. Section propertiesBox stud - 2 60x60mm wood flange + 2 10x240 osb webs

Column length, Lc Lc 2.5m

Effective length about the y–y axis Le.y 0.80Lc 2m

Effective length about the z–z axis Le.z 0.80Lc 2m

Width of solid section member 1 bf 60mm

Thickness of solid section member 1 hf 60mm

inima osb, grosime x inaltime bw 10mm

hw 240mm

flange area Af bf hf 3600 mm2

web area Aw bw hw 2400 mm2


Ifbf hf

3

12bf hf

hw hf

2

2

3.02 107 mm4

second moment of one web

Iwbw hw

3

121.15 107 mm4


75


equivalent cross-sectional area and second moment of area


1 kdef.f

1 kdef.w

2 Aw 8215 mm2


1 kdef.f

1 kdef.w

Iw 6.29 107 mm4

Emean.wEmean.f

0.33


04-Stresses

Design stressesThe most stressed columns are in south wall, in GF COMBO, therefore they will be checkedFirst column checked: intersection from structural drawings axis 1 and B - intersection ofsouth wall with west wall

half of loading is taken into account, theother half load it is taken by the columnfrom the west prefabricated wall

Md 0kN m Nd212

kN Vd 1kN

76

from the west prefabricated wall

04-Stresses06-Axial load

Part are fixed with metal staples and wood glue, therefore relative slipperness of the partswas not taken into account and γ1 1

Effective bending stiffness about y-y axis

E1E0.mean1 kdef.f

7187.5N

mm2 E2

Et.0.mean_osb1 kdef.w

1520N

mm2

EIef.y 2 E1bf hf

3

12 2E2

bw hw3

12 2γ1 E1 bf hf

hw hf

2

2

EIef.y 4.7 1011 N mm2

Effective bending stiffness about z-z axis

EIef.z 2 E1hf bf

3

12 2 E2

hw bw3

12 2 E2 γ1 bw hw

bf2

bw4

2

EIef.z 2.33 1010 N mm2

Effective axial stiffness:EAef 2 E1 Af 2 E2 Aw 59046 kN

Effective slenderness ratio:Lc 2.5m Lc.y 1.0 Lc Lc.z 1.0Lc

λef.yLc.y

EIef.yEAef

28 λef.zLc.z

EIef.zEAef

125.9

Critical slenderness ratioLλef max λef.y λef.z 125.9

Stress in column members

design compression stress in timberσ1c.0.d

E1 Nd

EAef1.28

N

mm2

design compression stress in osbσ2c.0.d

E2 Nd

EAef0.27

N

mm2

σ1c.0.d 2 Af σ2c.0.d 2 Aw 10.5 kN

77

kmod 0.7 γM 1.30

kmod_osb 1.5 γM_osb 1.20

design compression strength of timber f1c.0.dkmod fc.0.k

γM11.85

N

mm2

design compression strength of OSB f2c.0.dkmod_osb fc.0.k_osb

γM_osb19.88

N

mm

Buckling resistance for each elementtimber

λ1rel.zλefπ

fc.0.kE0.05

2.14

factor βc 0.2

instability factors: k1z 0.5 1 βc λ1rel.z 0.3 λ1rel.z2

k1z 2.98

instability factor (coef de flambaj) k1c.z1

k1z k1z2 λ1rel.z

k1c.z 0.18

Capable k1c.z f1c.0.d 2.13N

mm2

Check <1 σ1c.0.dk1c.z f1c.0.d

0.6

OSB λ2rel.z

λefπ

fc.0.k_osbEc.0.05_osb

2.81

factor βc 0.3


k2z 4.83

instability factor k2c.z1

k2z k2z2 λ2rel.z

k2c.z 0.11

78



2. Section propertiesBox stud - 2 60x60mm wood flange + 2 10x240 osb webs

Column length, Lc Lc 2.5m

Effective length about the y–y axis Le.y 0.80Lc 2m

Effective length about the z–z axis Le.z 0.80Lc 2m

Width of solid section member 1 bf 60mm

Thickness of solid section member 1 hf 60mm

inima osb, grosime x inaltime bw 10mm

hw 240mm

flange area Af bf hf 3600 mm2

web area Aw bw hw 2400 mm2


Ifbf hf

3

12bf hf

hw hf

2

2

3.02 107 mm4

second moment of one web

Iwbw hw

3

121.15 107 mm4


79


caracteristici sectiune compusa (pentru valori finale ale solicitarilor)equivalent cross-sectional area and second moment of area


1 kdef.f

1 kdef.w

2 Aw 8215 mm2


1 kdef.f

1 kdef.w

Iw 6.29 107 mm4

Emean.wEmean.f

0.33


04-Stresses

Design stressesThe most stressed columns are in south wall, in GF COMBO, therefore they will be checkedColumn checked: intersection of structure axis 2 and B - intersection of south wall withwindfang wall

Md 0kN m Nd 17kN Vd 0kN04-Stresses

80

06-Axial load

Part are fixed with metal staples and wood glue, therefore relative slipperness of the partswas not taken into account and γ1 1

Effective bending stiffness about y-y axis

E1E0.mean1 kdef.f

7187.5N

mm2 E2

Et.0.mean_osb1 kdef.w

1520N

mm2

EIef.y 2 E1bf hf

3

12 2E2

bw hw3

12 2γ1 E1 bf hf

hw hf

2

2

EIef.y 4.7 1011 N mm2

Effective bending stiffness about z-z axis

EIef.z 2 E1hf bf

3

12 2 E2

hw bw3

12 2 E2 γ1 bw hw

bf2

bw4

2

EIef.z 2.33 1010 N mm2

Effective axial stiffness:EAef 2 E1 Af 2 E2 Aw 59046 kN

Effective slenderness ratio:Lc 2.5m Lc.y 1.0 Lc Lc.z 1.0Lc

λef.yLc.y

EIef.yEAef

28 λef.zLc.z

EIef.zEAef

125.9

Critical slenderness ratioLλef max λef.y λef.z 125.9

Stress in column members

design compression stress in timberσ1c.0.d

E1 Nd

EAef2.07

N

mm2

design compression stress in osbσ2c.0.d

E2 Nd

EAef0.44

N

mm2

σ1c.0.d 2 Af σ2c.0.d 2 Aw 17 kN

81

kmod 0.7 γM 1.30

kmod_osb 1.5 γM_osb 1.20

design compression strength of timber f1c.0.dkmod fc.0.k

γM11.85

N

mm2

design compression strength of OSB f2c.0.dkmod_osb fc.0.k_osb

γM_osb19.88

N

mm

Buckling resistance for each elementtimber

λ1rel.zλefπ

fc.0.kE0.05

2.14

factor βc 0.2


k1z 2.98

instability factor (coef de flambaj) k1c.z1

k1z k1z2 λ1rel.z

k1c.z 0.18

Capable k1c.z f1c.0.d 2.13N

mm2

Check <1 σ1c.0.dk1c.z f1c.0.d

0.97

OSB λ2rel.z

λefπ

fc.0.k_osbEc.0.05_osb

2.81

factor βc 0.3


k2z 4.83

instability factor k2c.z1

k2z k2z2 λ2rel.z

k2c.z 0.11

82

5.5 Crane lifting design combo FEM modeling usign SAP2000 was made in order to determine stresses and

displacements in biggest structural elements that are lifted and to design and check components used for lifting (textile strap, steel rings).

The structural panels and prefabricated module were design using frame elements for beams/columns and shell elements for osb platings. The same parameters to define material properties were used as above.

For resistance design of wood and osb elements, lifting resultet loads were considered to be instant load and design parameters were taken according to EC5.

5.5.1 Lower prefabricated module Walls were models as one osb board with thickness of 2x15mm=30mm. OSB was

considered to have the equivalent density on entire finished wall, with gips board and placocem plating and rendering on both sides of the wall. No rigidity or resistance property modifiers were taken into account.tye

Crane lifting of the lower prefabricated module is made using 4 textile long straps, that go beneath modules platforme, under all of the 4 transversal walls. The both edges of the straps connect verticaly to a special custom steel frame wich is carried by crane hanger.

Safety factor for dinamic shock that can occur while lifting was considered 1.5. Desing combo: LIFT = 1.5 DEAD LOADS + 1.5 PERMANENT LOADS

For stiffening the module were walls are missing, in kitchen and in bedroom, during transport and lifting, OSB boards are fixed for bracings. This way, the entire structure behave lile a rigid closed box.

3D view of lower prefabricated module, containing the kitchen, bathroom and sleeping room.

Green shell = osb boards used to fill the missing walls durring transport and lifting.

Defformed shape of the module durring lifting. Nord side view and south side view’

Maximum displacement = 2.87mm – platform girders

Top view (up) and bottom view (down ) of osb shell stresses – S11 and S22. Maximum value = 1.80N/mm2.

Axial forces in columns. Nmax=-12kN Moment diagram in floor platform.

Mmax=0.90kNm

All checkings of structural components are accomplieshed. The entire module acts like a rigid box and no major deformation or limit stresses appear. Axial forces into textile straps (for details please see ST-403-10):

TABLE: Element Forces - Frames

Frame P Text KN 27 10.06 29 14.38 45 13.81 48 20.00 50 16.24 52 21.83 54 10.99 57 16.86

MAXIMUM 21.95 kN CAPABLE 30.00 kN

CHECK 0.732 <1, OK

5.5.2 Upper prefabricated module

Upper prefabricated module has the same structure – based prefabricated panels. The north sloped wall – part of the roof, is made from ijoist beams, lateral walls – East and West walls are made from boxstuds, and interior wall (south side) is made from timber collumns. All walls are plated with 15mm OSB boards on both sides. Due to architectural reasons, top part of the module is opened, covering been made by roof panels, and resting area is opened on south part and top part. North wall girder and south interior wall are connected with a series of timber frames.

This module acts like an oppened box, therefore the rigidity of entire structure durring lifting procedure lies in independent rigidity of the each wall. Lifting point are in the same point as lower module, under transversal walls.

Lifting will be made with the same steel frame, therefore fixing points of the textile hanging straps will be vertical above transversal walls.

General view of FEM model of upper module made with SAP2000

South-west view of module – deformed (exaggerated scale)

Upper girder maximum deflection = 8mm

South-east view of module – deformed (exaggerated scale)

Deformed shape – base platform maximum deflection = 10mm < L/300=3200/300=10.6mm

Top view (up) and bottom view (down ) of osb shell stresses – S11 and S22. Maximum value = 2.10N/mm2. Chapable stress = 15N/mm2.

`

Axial forces in columns. Nmax=-17kN Moment diagram in floor platform. Mmax=1.70kNm

Axial forces into textile straps (for details please see ST-403-10)

Frame Station OutputCase CaseType PText m Text Text KN10 3 5.9212 3 9.1215 3 20.7316 3 18.1319 3 18.8920 3 16.5123 3 23.67

Maximum 23.67Capable 30.00

Check 0.789 <1,ok

TABLE: Element Forces - Frames

LIFT COMBOLIFT COMBOLIFT COMBOLIFT COMBO

LIFT COMBO

LIFT COMBOLIFT COMBO

5.6 FIRE RESISTANCE STRUCTURAL CALCULATION For fire resistance structural calculation, please see the „Fire Safety & Safety in Use

document, part 1 – Fire Safety.”


5.6 Public ramp

Structure descriptionPublic acces structure is made from wood elements. The columns have composed section

made from 2 x 50x100 elements, with 60mm gap between them, in which transversal beams arefixed with steel bolts. Longitudinal beams stand on transversal beams. All beams are 60x100mm.

Longitudinal beams are placed at 550mm each, on transversal direction. The ramp platform is made from 25mm thick wood slapsFootings are made from 22 osb boards, on which columns are fixed with screws and steel

profile.The opening in transversal direction is 1.60m.The columns are disposed at 1.25m.

Structural calculation

Loads applied:

Live load U 2kN

m2

Permanentload

P 0.2kN

m2

Design combo: Q 1.35P 1.5U 3.27kN

m2

Material properties

fm.k 27N

mm2

kmod 0.80 short term load

γm 1.30

Bending design strenght

fm.d fm.kkmodγm

16.62N

mm2

Transversal beam calculation:Beam oppening L 1.60m

Tributary length T 1.25m

Maximum bending moment

MmaxQ T( ) L2

81.31 kN m

Maximum bending stresssection propertiesb 60mmh 100mm

Wb h26

1 105 mm3

σmaxMmaxW

13.08N

mm2

Stress checking:σmaxfm.d

0.79 less than 1, bending design checked

Longitudinal beam calculation:Beam oppening L 1.25m

Triburary lengh T 0.55m

MmaxQ T( ) L2

80.35 kN m

Maximum bending stresssection propertiesb 60mmh 100mm

Wb h26

1 105 mm3

σmaxMmaxW

3.51N

mm2

Stress checking:σmaxfm.d

0.21 less than 1, bending design checked

Column calculation

fc.0.k 22N

mm2

fc.0.d fc.0.kkmodγm

13.54N

mm2

Section propertiesb 50mm

h 100mm

Ac 2b h 10000mm2

Tributary area: A 1.25m1.60m2

1m2

compression stress:

σcA QAc

0.33N

mm2

σcfc.0.d

0.02 less than 1, checked

Footing dimensions:

pconv 50kN

m2

BnecA Qpconv

0.50.26m

Results a footing plate with 30cm width