progressive age political ideology. ideology a set of beliefs, attitudes, and ideas: politics ...
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PROGRESSIVE AGE
Political Ideology
Ideology
A set of beliefs, attitudes, and ideas:
Politics Social concerns Moral concerns Economics Diplomacy
Changes from time to time
Liberal Conservative
Challenge existing attitude and practices, prefer new approaches, seek to change society and seek to change/or improve behavior
Embrace conventional wisdom of their time, prefer tradition, accept the status quo, and prefer small, incremental change
Ideology
Liberal (Left) Conservative (Right)
• Regulate big business: trusts
• Insure free market competition
• Government is an agent of social change
• Federal gov’t governs• Level playing field for all• More secular• Manage natural resources• Loose Construction
“survival of the fittest”States’ rightsLimited governmentProperty RightsIndividual RightsRegulate moralityMore religiousUse natural resourcesStrict Construction
Progressive Era Ideology
Socialism Eugene Debs
Government owns (nationalization) important businesses: oil, steel, transportation
DemocraticProvides equal power
relationships between management and workers
Provides safety net for all: social and economic
Popular around 1900-1920
Progressive Era Ideology
“Those who produce should have, but we know that those who produce the most - that is, those who work hardest, and at the most difficult and most menial tasks, have the least.”
Progressivism: Conservative Movement?
Preserve market system (capitalism) and remove it from the “plutocracy” through reform
Feared that American values and democracy were undermined by labor unions and immigration
(Moral Progressives) wanted to regulate individual behavior
Immigrants: main source of crime, poverty, and vice
Xenophobia: feared Catholicism and Judaism, new languages and customs, and foreign ideas
Order and stability to chaotic patterns of urbanization and industrialization
Reforms were band-aids; did not address the fundamental problems of the socio-economic structure
Mark Hanna: Chair of the Republican Party
Progressivism: Conservative Movement?
Ignored the Rise of Jim Crow
Preserving the free market system
Segregation furtheredIgnored the plague of
lynchingDrive for women’s
suffrage prolongedSupreme Court struck
down the Keatings-Owens Act
Prohibition: 18th amendment
Mann ActNarcotics Tax ActNativism: Literacy testsAmericanization: public
school systemElimination of gambling;
Blue LawsAnti-gambling lawsEstablishment of
professional standards: ABA, AMA, Chamber of Commerce, etc.
Suffrage Map
Progressivism: Liberal Movement?
Federal government governs, not the trusts
Government is an agent of social change or activism
Role of Federal government must change with the times
“the bully pulpit” Elimination of corruption at the
state and local levels Square deal Increased democracy
Australian Ballot Initiative, Referendum, Recall Direct Primaries
Private social programs Settlement house movement National Consumers League NAACP
Progressivism: Liberal Movement?
Conservation Antiquities Act Forest Service National Park System
Consumer ProtectionRailroad RegulationFederal Reserve SystemClayton Anti-Trust Act Northern Securities
CaseFederal Trade
Commission
16th Amendment17th amendment19th amendment
Conservative or Liberal?
"The Progressive movement from 1895 to 1917 was a triumph of conservatism rather than a
victory for liberalism.”
Using the documents and your knowledge of the period, assess the validity of this
statement.