program planning: goals, purpose statements, objectives and logic models 2005
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Program Planning: Goals, Purpose Statements,
Objectives and Logic Models
2005
Goals
Goals:
• Identify & clarify what you want to do or achieve
• Define what needs to be accomplished without getting bogged down in issues of measurement and timing
• Are described with an action verb & a noun phrase
Healthy People 2010
• Department of Health and Human Services
• Designed to serve as a road map for improving the health of all people in the United States during the first decade of the 21st century
• Comprehensive, nationwide health promotion and disease prevention agenda
HP 2010 Contents
• 28 focus areas - nutrition appears in several
• 467 objectives
• Key Indicators
Focus Areas at a Glance (28)1. Access to Quality Health Services2. Arthritis, Osteoporosis and Chronic Back Conditions3. Cancer4. Chronic Kidney Disease5. Diabetes6. Disability and Secondary Conditions7. Educational and Community-Based Programs8. Environmental Health9. Family Planning and Sexual Health10. Food Safety11. Health Communication12. Heart Disease and Stroke13. HIV14. Immunizations and Infectious Diseases
15. Injury and Violence Prevention16. Maternal, Infant, and Child Health17. Medical Product Safety18. Mental Health and Mental Disorders19. Nutrition20. Occupational Safety and Health21. Oral Health22. Physical Activity and Fitness23. Public Health Infrastructure24. Respiratory Diseases25. Sexually Transmitted Diseases26. Substance Abuse27. Tobacco Use28. Vision and Hearing
Leading Health Indicators
• Physical Activity• Overweight and Obesity• Tobacco Use• Substance Abuse• Responsible Sexual Behavior• Mental Health• Injury and Violence• Environmental Quality• Immunization• Access to Health Care
HP 2010 Goals
• Increase quality and years of healthy life
• Eliminate health disparities
Purpose Statements
Can be used for:
Mission statements Program Description As a first step in the development of
Performance Measures
Purpose Statement Template
The purpose of the ________________________ (name of service, program or line of business)
is to provide (or produce)______________________ (service or product -what)
for _______________________________________ (customer - who )
so that____________________________________ (RESULT / benefit - why)
Program Purpose Statement
The purpose of the Nutrition Public Health Practice Program is to provide planning, coordination, demonstration and policy development assistance
to communities. So that they can develop, implement, and evaluate programs and policies to promote nutrition and physical fitness behavior change.
Objectives
Many Kinds of Objectives
• Learning
• Process
• Outcome
• Others
RUMBA - Objective Checklist
Relevant Relates to identified needs, mission, and goals
Understandable Can anyone reading the objective relate to what is to beaccomplished?
Measurable Are the indicators measurable? Are systems in place tomeasure them?
Behavioral For learning objectives are there action words todescribe the desired behavioral outcomes?
Achievable Is it realistic? Can it be successfullyaccomplished?
Program Planning Objectives
• Outcome Objective: a statement of the amount of change expected for a specified population within a given time frame.
• Process Objective: a statement that measures the amount of change expected in the performance and utilization of interventions that impact on the outcome.
Outcome Objectives Are…...
• Long term
• Realistic
• Measurable:– levels of mortality, morbidity, disability– levels of health conditions– behavioral measures
Examples of Outcome Measures from Healthy
People 2010
Weight Status and Growth
• Healthy weight in adults
• Obesity in adults
• Overweight or obesity in children and adolescents
• Growth retardation in children
Food and Nutrient Consumption
• Fruit intake
• Vegetable intake
• Grain product intake
• Saturated fat intake
• Total fat intake
• Sodium intake
• Calcium intake
Iron Deficiency and Anemia
• Iron deficiency in young children and in females of childbearing age
• Anemia in low-income pregnant females
• Iron deficiency in pregnant females
Schools, Worksites, and Nutrition Counseling
• Meals and snacks at school
• Worksite promotion of nutrition education and weight management
• Nutrition counseling for medical conditions
Food Security
• Food Security
Increase the proportion of adults who are at a healthy weight.• Target: 60 percent.
• Baseline: 42 percent of adults aged 20 years and older were at a healthy weight (defined as a body mass index [BMI] equal to or greater than 18.5 and less than 25) in 1988–94 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).
• Target setting method: Better than the best.
• Data source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), CDC, NCHS.
Process Objectives Are……..
• Short-term
• Realistic
• Measurable
• Related to outcome measures– there may be several process measures
for one outcome measure
Example of Process Objectives
• By December 2002, 40 female students who seek services at the teen health center will receive brief counseling interventions from the clinic nurse about use of folic acid supplements to prevent NTD.
When The time (month, year) by or during which the interventionshould be accomplished or health status should change
What The targeted health problem/behavior to be changed or thetargeted intervention to be accomplished.
Whom The target population who will benefit
Where The area in which the target population is located
Who Staff or agency responsible
How much The amount of the intervention to be utilized, performed, oraccomplished or the quantity of change in a healthproblem.
Logic Models
ST
AT
E P
ILO
TIN
TE
RV
EN
TIO
NS
CDC Resources andInvestments
MoneyProfessional StaffTime Commitment
Consultants
CDC Funds State-based Obesity
Prevention Projects
CDC Provides Trainingand TA to States
Social MarketingLogic Evaluation
Other Topics
IF THENINPUTS
State DevelopsPopulation-focusedNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity
Prevention Planning
State BuildsInfrastructure and
Capacity
States Develop andTest Population-
specific PilotInterventions
Design & TestPopulation-basedPilot Intervention
States ConductPopulation-focusedNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity
Prevention Planning
State ProjectResources and
Investments
MoneyProfessional StaffTime Commitment
Partners
Public HealthIncreases Knowledgeof About Successful
Planning andIntervention
Increase Knowledgeof effective
Interventions
CD
C
State Pilot InterventionResources and
Investments
MoneyProfessional StaffTime Commitment
Partners
Develop EffectiveState Policies
EstablishEnvironmental
Supports
Project IdentifiesPopulation-specificNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity
Prevention PlanningNeeds
Design Population-specific Intervention
Increased Resourcesare Mobilized and
Targeted onNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity
Prevention Planning
Long-termNutrition, PhysicalActivity & Obesity
PreventionInterventionsEstablished
ImplementIntervention
Program
Overview of the Logic Model Framework for the CDC Nutrition and Physical Activity Programs to Prevent Obesity and Chronic Diseases
BehaviorChange:
Increasedphysicalactivity
Betterdietaryhabits
ReducePrevalenceof Obesity
ReducePrevalenceof ChronicDiseases
ST
AT
EP
RO
JEC
TS
What is a Logic Model?
• Tool for program planning and evaluation• Picture of a program• graphic representation of “theory of action”• Relationship between what we put in (inputs),
what we do (outputs), and what results (outcomes)
• Logical chain of if-then relationships
Why Develop Logic Models?
• Visual displays are effective learning instruments for all involved
• Shows why planned actions are likely to lead to desired results
• Assures that process is not overlooked in evaluation
• Enhances ability to use on-going evaluation for mid-course corrections
Logic Models Promote a Shared Vision
• Provide common language and reference point for all involved
• Fundamental purpose is clear
• Role of actions are clear
• Desired results at each step are clear
Step 1: Determine Scope
• Can be good overview of whole program
• Smaller pieces of program can be shown in more detail
Step 2: Identify Components
• Inputs: what you do to make the program possible, resources applied
• Outputs: what happens during the implementation
• Outcomes: the direct result of your program activities
Step 3: Draft Model
• Should be single page
• “Landscape” layout
• write left to right, not top to bottom
• use thin lines, don’t alter thickness
• avoid abbreviations
• use simple font, avoid italics
• show “if - then” visually
If Then
Step 4: Develop Evaluation Indicators
• Process: measure activities– ex: numbers of trainings, meetings,
technical assistance provided
• Outcome: measure short, medium, and long term outcomes– ex: increased understandings, behavior
change, health outcomes
Good Indicators Are…..
• Relevant
• Measurable
• Available or collectable
• Acceptable to participants, planners, funders and other stakeholders
Step 5: Revisit the Model Frequently
• Lay indicator data directly onto model
• Determine what’s working and what isn’t
• Modify model if change theory isn’t working
• Modify activities if unable to complete as planned