PROFESSOR THE HON. AMBASSADOR RICHARD L. BERNAL, OJ

PRO-VICE CHANCELLOR, GLOBAL AFFAIRS, UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES

EDUCATION

M.I.P.P. (International Public Policy) School for Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, 1996.

Ph.D. (Economics) New School for Social Research, 1988.

M. A. (Economics) New School for Social Research, 1979.

B.Sc. (Economics) University of the West Indies, 1971.

CURRENT POSITION

Pro-Vice Chancellor, Global Affairs, University of the West Indies.

OTHER POSITION

Presenter, Region Talk, UWITV

Senior Associate Non-Resident, Center for Strategic and International Studies, April, 2017.

Member, Board of Directors, Rex Nettleford Foundation, March, 2017.

Member, Regulatory Review Committee, Jamaica Stock Exchange, February, 2017.

Member, Advisory Committee, The Caribbean Council, January, 2017.

Member, Board of the Mona School of Business and Management, November, 2016.

Member, Board of the SUNY-UWI Center for Governance and Sustainable Development, 2016.

Member, Editorial Advisory Board of Social and Economic Studies, March, 2016.

Member, Board of the National Planning Institute of Jamaica, July, 2016.

Member, Board of Trustees, Caribbean Central American Action, June, 2016.

Member, World Bank’s External Advisory Panel for Diversity and Inclusion (since March, 2015).

Honorary Professor, Sir Arthur Lewis Institute of Social and Economic Studies, University of the West Indies (since Oct 2003)

Member, Advisory Board of the International Trade Law Center (since 1998).

Member, Board of Directors, Michael Manley Foundation (since May 2000).

Member, Editorial Advisory Board, Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy (2013).

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

July, 2014 -June, 2016 Counselor: Caribbean, Inter-American Development Bank.

July, 2012-June, 2014 Senior Counselor: Caribbean, Inter-American Development Bank.

July, 2010-June, 2012 Executive Director: Caribbean, Inter-American Development Bank.

Member of the Board of Directors, Inter-American Investment Corporation and the

Multilateral Investment Fund.

July, 2008 – June, 2010 Alternate Executive Director: Caribbean, Inter-American Development Bank

Dec. 2001 – June, 2008 Director General, Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery

Chief Negotiator for international trade negotiations for the 15 member states. Offices in

Jamaica, Barbados, Guyana, Trinidad, St. Lucia, Brussels, Geneva and Canada.

April, 2004 – Dec. 2007 Principal Negotiator for CARIFORUM for the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership

Agreement

June, 1998 – 2001 Dean, CARICOM College of Negotiators for the Free Trade Area of the Americas

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Sept. – Nov. 2001 Chief Technical Advisor, Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery

May 1991 – Aug. 2001 Ambassador of Jamaica to the United States of America

May 1991 – Aug. 2001 Permanent Representative of Jamaica to the Organization of American States

May 1991 – Aug. 2001 High Commissioner of Jamaica to The Bahamas

Feb. 1990 – April 1991 General Manager (CEO), Workers Bank

Commercial Bank and its subsidiaries (Trust & Merchant Bank and Finance Company) with a staff

complement of 400.

Mar. 1989 – Mar. 1991 Advisor, Ministry of Finance

Economic Programming and External Debt Management

Sept. 1988 – Jan. 1990 Director, Administration, Workers Bank:

Responsible for Operations, Marketing, Public Relations, Data Processing, Personnel, Training and

Research

Jan. 1987 – Sept. 1988 Manager, Economic Research and Marketing Department, Workers Bank

1985 – 1986 Research Fellow, Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies:

The Regional Monetary Studies Programme

Sept 1979 – May 1987 Lecturer, Department of Economics, University of the West Indies

International Economics and Development Economics, Graduate and Undergraduate

June 1979 – Oct 1980 Advisor, National Planning Agency

IMF programs, external debt and balance of payment adjustment.

June – Sept. 1977 Economist, National Planning Agency

Macroeconomic Division

1974 – 1975 Administrative Officer, Bank of Jamaica

In charge of public finance and national debt

1972 – 1974 Economist, Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies

Regional Programme for Monetary Studies

1971 – 1972 Economist, Bank of Jamaica

Research Department/Exchange Control Department

REPRESENTATION

(a) Deputized on several occasions for Jamaica’s Prime Minister, Minister of Finance and Minister of Foreign Affairs. Member

of numerous CARICOM and Government of Jamaica delegations led by the Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs and the

Minister of Finance.

(b) Participated in meetings involving Presidents (US, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Haiti), Prime Ministers (Great Britain, India,

Canada and all Caribbean countries).

(c) Meetings with Ministers of Government of numerous countries and Heads of private, public and international institutions

including (WTO, IMF, World Bank, IADB).

(d) International Organizations - United Nations, Commonwealth Secretariat, South Commission, Organization of American

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States, World Trade Organization, UNCTAD, European Commission, ACP Secretariat.

(e) International Financial Institutions - World Bank, International Monetary Fund and Inter-American Development Bank.

(f) Regional Organizations - CARICOM Secretariat, CARICOM Heads of Government, CARICOM Ministerial Meetings and

Caribbean Association of Indigenous Banks.

(g) Government Departments and Agencies - U.S. State Department, U.S. Treasury, U.S. Congress, (Testimony, bilateral

meetings, with Senators, Congressmen, Congressional Staff) and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. A.I.D., EX-IM Bank,

Department of Agriculture, United States Trade Representative. United Kingdom Foreign Office, DFID.

(h) Central Banks - Federal Reserve, Bank of England, Bank of Canada and throughout the Caribbean.

(i) Commercial Banks - Bank of America, Citibank, Chase Manhattan, Irving Trust, Lloyds, Barclays, Warburg, Bank of Nova

Scotia and Morgan Grenfell.

(j) U.S. House and Senate, Parliament of the Jamaica, U.K.

(k) Cabinet of the Bahamas, Barbados and Jamaica.

PUBLIC SERVICE

2018 Presenter, Global Economy, Weekly Programme on FM Radio.

2019 Member, Board of LASPAU

2018 Member, Editorial Board of Caribbean Quarterly

2017 Member, Board of Directors, National Planning Institute

2016 Member, Board of Directors, SUNY-UWI Center for Leadership and Sustainable Development.

2010. Director, Policy Paper Series, Caribbean Research & Policy Center

2013-2014 Editorial Advisory Board, Journal of Business, Finance and Economics in Emerging Economies

April, 2004-Dec.2007 Dean, CARIFORUM College of EPA Negotiators

1994- 2011 Member of the Advisory Board of the Institute of Caribbean Studies.

2001-2008 CARICOM’s Lead Negotiator for the CARICOM-Canada Trade Agreement

2006 Member, Chancellor’s Forum, University of Technology

2006 Member, Caribbean Business Council

1996-2008 Editorial Board of Integration and Trade, Journal of the Inter-American Development Bank

2007-2008 Member, Executive Committee, Royal Commonwealth Society, Jamaica

1997-2003 Senior Fellow, North-South Center, University of Miami

1997-2006 Co-Chairman, U.S.-CARICOM Trade and Investment Council

Oct.2000- Aug. 2001 Member of the Caribbean Trade and Adjustment Group

May - August 2001 Dean, CARICOM Diplomatic Corp in Washington, DC

May - August 2001 Chair, National Coalition on Caribbean Affairs

Late 1990’s Visiting Fellow, Mona Institute of Business, University of the West Indies, Jamaica

1995 - 2001 Jamaica’s Representative, Committee on Hemispheric Financial Issues

1994 - 2001 Member, OAS Advisory Group Special Committee on Trade

1998 - 2000 Member, Advisory Group of Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery

1994 - 2001 Member, Executive Committee of the Advisory Council of Foreign Diplomats

Nov. 1998 - Nov. 1999 Chairman, FTAA Consultative Group on Smaller Economies

Aug 1995 - Oct 1998 Member of the FTAA Working Group on Services

Aug 1995 - Oct 1998 Chairman of the FTAA Working Group on Smaller Economies

1995 - 1997 Chairman, CARICOM Working Group on the FTAA

Jan - May 1997 Lead negotiator, economic aspects of CARICOM for the Clinton Caribbean Summit

1996 - 1997 Member Eminent Persons Group on Smaller Economies which prepared “Overcoming Obstacles and

Maximizing Opportunities?” (August 1997)

Sept. 1997 Chairman of CARICOM delegation for the U.S. - CARICOM Trade and Investment Council

1991 Member of the CARICOM's Technical Group on the Enterprise of the Americas Initiative.

1985 Member, Socialist International Committee on Economic Policy which prepared Global Challenge:

From Crisis to Co-operation: Breaking the North-South Stalemate (London: Pan Books).

1983 - 1985 Advisor to the Joint Trade Union Research Centre, Jamaica

1984-87 One of 3 Academic Editors, Social and Economic Studies

Oct. 1979 Member of a Group of Experts, which prepared “Effective Mechanisms for dealing with Balance of

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Payments Problems” (Caribbean Community Secretariat, REP.71/1/27, E6/BP).

AWARDS AND SCHOLARSHIPS

Carlton Alexander Award, Jamaica College Old Boys Association, June, 2008.

Jamaica Stock Exchange Inaugural Regional Award, January 29, 2008.

Personality of the Year 2007, Financial Gleaner, January 4, 2008.

Honorary Doctorate, Northern Caribbean University (August, 2007).

Award of Excellence, 8th World Council of Consuls, November, 2006.

Order of Cruzeiro do Sul in the rank of Gran Cruz, Government of Brazil, December, 2004.

Paul Harris Fellow, Rotary Foundation of Rotary International, October 26, 2001.

Order of Jamaica, Government of Jamaica, August, 2001.

Service Award, Caribbean American Intercultural Organization, August, 2001.

Distinguished Service Award, City Council, Washington, D.C., December 1, 1998.

Distinguished Graduate Award, University of the West Indies, July 23, 1998.

Distinguished Service Award, National Association of Jamaican Associations and Supportive Organizations, August 1996.

Distinguished Alumnus Award, Jamaica College Alumni Students Association (USA) Inc., September 1993.

United States Information Service International Visitor program-U.S. financial and banking system, May 1988.

Commonwealth Fund for Technical Co-operation Grant to attend a course at the University of Sussex, July September, 1984.

Ford Foundation Research Grant for completion of Ph.D. Thesis, July, 1981.

Government of Jamaica Scholarship to pursue studies leading to a Ph.D. in Economics, 1975 -1979.

Sixth Prize in the 1974 Roderigo Gomez Prize Competition, Centre de Estudios Monetarios Latinoamericanos.

CURRENT RESEARCH

The Caribbean in Global Turbulence. Trump, Brexit and Caribbean.

Brexit and the Caribbean’s Amicus Curiae Brief.

The Strategic Global Repositioning of Small Developing Economies.

FORTHCOMING PUBLICATIONS

Corporate Interest versus National Interest in U.S. Trade Policy. The Case of Bananas (New York: PalgraveMcMillan, 2020).

Predatory, Benign or Developmental. Chinese Capital in Developing Countries, The Experience of Jamaica.

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“Increasing Chinese Influence in the Caribbean” in Robert Looney (ed.), Handbook of Caribbean Economies (New York:

Routledge, 2019).

PUBLICATIONS

RECENT

1. “The Globalization of Higher Education: The Imperative for a Caribbean Regional Cluster”, Caribbean Journal of

Education, Vol.41, No. 1 (April, 2019) pages 1-54.

2. With Henry Lowe, Medical Tourism and Wellness. The Potential of Jamaica (Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, 2019).

3. “Canada-CARICOM: Comfortable Partners”, Diplomat Magazine, October, 2018.

4. “U.S. shouldn’t ignore China’s Influence in the Caribbean”, Opinion Editorial, Miami Herald, August 16, 2018.

5. “Transnational Organized Crime in Latin America and the Caribbean: From Evolving Threats and Responses to

Integrated, Adaptive Solutions” (Book Review), Social and Economic Studies, Vol. No. (June/ September, 2018)

pages 303-305.

6. “Small States in the Global Geopolitical Landscape” in Small States Economic Review and Basic Statistics, Vol. 20

(London: Commonwealth Secretariat, April, 2018) pages 93-100.

7. “A Regional Cluster for the Export of Higher Education Services from Small Island Developing States: The Caribbean

Potential” in Lino Briguglio (eds.), Small States (London: Routledge, 2018) pages 103-117.

8. Review of Rudy Insanally, The Guyanese Culture—Fusion or Diffusion? Caribbean Quarterly, Vol. 65, No. 1

(March, 2018) pages 188-191.

9. The Influence of Small States on Superpowers: Jamaica and U.S. Foreign Policy (University of the West Indies Press,

September, 2017).

10. “Central America and the Caribbean: Relations with China and the United States: Contrasting Experiences! Converging

Prospects?” in David Denoon (eds.), China, the U.S. and the Future of Latin America (New York: New York

University Press, 24 October, 2017) pages 232-267.

11. “Caribbean Collateral Damage of U.S. National Security Policy”, Center for Strategic and International Studies

Policy Brief, May 31, 2017.

12. “A Caribbean Policy for the Trump Administration”, Center for Strategic and International Studies Policy Brief,

April 13, 2017.

13. “The Strategic Importance of Building A Stronger US-Caribbean Partnership” in Hearing before the U.S. House of

Representatives, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere, July 14, 2016

(Washington DC: Government Printing Office, 2016) pages 26-29.

BOOKS

14. Dragon in the Caribbean: The Global Re-Dimensioning of China. Opportunities and Challenges for the Caribbean

(Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, revised, updated and expanded second edition, October, 2016). 390 pages.

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15. The Influence of Small States on Superpowers: Jamaica and U.S. Foreign Policy (Lanham: Lexington Publishers,

June, 2015). 438 pages.

16. Dragon in the Caribbean: The Global Re-Dimensioning of China. Opportunities and Challenges for the Caribbean

(Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, May, 2014). 225 pages.

17. Globalization, Trade and Economic Development: A Study of the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement

(New York: Palgrave MacMillan, December, 2013). 269 pages.

POLICY BRIEFS

18. The Strategic Importance of Building A Stronger US-Caribbean Partnership, SALISES Policy Brief No. 1 (8

November, 2016

19. “China’s Rising Investment Profile in the Caribbean”, Economics Brief, Inter-American Dialogue, October, 2013.

MONOGRAPHS/POLICY PAPERS

20. “Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in the Caribbean. Potential and Prospects, Inter-American Development Bank,

Technical Notes IDB-TN-1113, November, 2016.

21. Globalization. Everything But Alms. The EPA and Economic Development (Kingston: Grace Kennedy Foundation,

April, 2008).

22. “Participation of Small Developing Economies in the Governance of the Multilateral Trading System”, Working Paper

No. 44, Centre for International Governance Innovation (December, 2009).

23. The Aftershock of 9/11: Implications for Globalization and World Politics, North-South Center Working Paper No.

(Miami: North-South Center, University of Miami, September, 2002).

24. “Current Developments in the FTAA”, Commonwealth Secretariat Trade Hot Topics, Issue No. 1 (June, 2001).

25. With Winsome Leslie, Privatization in the English Speaking Caribbean: An Assessment, CSIS, Policy Paper on the

Americas, Vol. X, Study 7 (Washington D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, October, 1999).

26. The Integration of Small Economies in the Free Trade Area of the Americas, CSIS, Policy Paper on the Americas, Vol.

IX, Study No.1. (Washington D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, February 2, 1998).

27. Trade Blocs: A Regionally Specific Phenomenon, or a Global Trend? Walter Sterling Surrey Memorial Series

(Washington D.C.: National Planning Association, September, 1997).

28. Paths To The Free Trade Area of The Americas, CSIS, Policy Paper on the Americas, Volume VIII, Study 2

(Washington D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, January 15, 1997).

29. Implementing the Summit of the Americas: Developing and Liberalizing Capital Markets, (Miami: North-South

Centre, University of Miami, October 1996).

30. Strategic Global Repositioning and the Future Economic Development of Jamaica, North South Agenda Paper No. 18

(Miami: North South Center, University of Miami, May 1996).

31. With Steve Lamar, Caribbean Basin Economic Development and the Section 936 Tax Credit. North-South Agenda

Paper, No.22 (Miami: North-South Center, University of Miami, December 1996).

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32. The Caribbean Caught in the Crosscurrents of Globalization and Regionalism, The 9th Adlith Brown Memorial Lecture,

(St. Augustine: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, December, 1994).

33. The Integration of Capital Markets in the Caribbean: Problems and Policy Proposals (La integración de los mercados

de capitales en la zona del Caribe: problemas y proposiciones políticas), Ensayo No. 36, (México: Centro de Estudios

Monetarios Latinoamericanos, 1977.)

34. Commonwealth Caribbean Financial Statistics, 1972 (Monetary Studies Programme, Institute of Social and Economic

Research, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, 1973) 118 pages.

35. Commonwealth Caribbean Financial Statistics Annual Digest, 1971. (Monetary Studies Programme, Institute of Social

and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, November, 1972) 108 pages

ARTICLES IN JOURNAL

36. “Cuban Economic Reform: American, Cuban and Caribbean Perspectives: Review Article”, Social and Economic

Studies, Vol. 65, Nos. 2&3 (June, 2016) pages 195-201.

37. Book Review: Maxine Garvey and Gordon Shirley. Beyond Sun and Sea: International Strategy and Entrepreneurship

in Caribbean Firms, Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 65, Nos.2&3 (June, 2016) pages 207-210.

38. With Winsome J. Leslie, “Book Review. Densil Williams, Competing Against Multinationals in Emerging Markets:

Cases Studies of SMEs in the Manufacturing Sector”, Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 64, Nos. 3&4

(September/December, 2015) pages 224-227.

39. “The Growing Economic Presence of China in the Caribbean”, The World Economy, Vol. 38, Issue 9 (September,

2015) pages 1409-1437.

40. “The Debt-Development Dilemma of Small Island Developing States. Review Article”, Social and Economic Studies,

Vol. 64, No. 2 (June, 2015) pages 229-243.

41. “The Unimportance of the English Speaking Caribbean in US Foreign Policy as told by Presidents and Secretaries of

State”, Caribbean Journal of International Relations & Diplomacy, Vol.1, No.1 (February, 2013) pages 132-150.

42. “China and Small Island Developing States”, Africa-East Asian Affairs, The China Monitor, Issue 1 (August, 2012)

pages 3-30.

43. “Haiti’s Reconstruction and Redevelopment. The Potential Contribution of Regional Integration”, Social and

Economic Studies, Vol. 60, No. 2 (June, 2011) pages 199-210.

44. “Dragon in the Caribbean: China-CARICOM Economic Relations”, Round Table, Vol. 99, Issue. 408 (June, 2010)

pages 281- 302.

45. “CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement Negotiations: Why and How”, Journal of Eastern Caribbean

Studies, Vol. 33, No.2 (June, 2008) pages 1-23.

46. “The globalization of health-care: opportunities for the Caribbean”, CEPAL Review, No.92 (August, 2007) pages 83-

100 /“La globalización de la atención de la salud: oportunidades para el Caribe”, Revista de la CEPAL, No. 92

(Agosto, 2007) pagines 83-100.

47. “CARICOM’s External Trade Negotiations without the Completion of the CSME” in The CSME: Status, Issues and

Priorities (Washington DC: Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean, Inter-American

Development Bank, 2006).

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48. “The CARICOM Single Market and Economy and External Trade Negotiations”, Caribbean Journal of International

Relations, Vol. 1, Issue 1 (April, 2005) pages 33-48.

49. “Book Review: The Challenge of Change. Prime Minister P.J. Patterson Budget Presentations 1992-2000”, Social and

Economic Studies, Vol. 53, No. 3 (September, 2004) pages 164-169.

50. “The Doha Development Agenda after Cancun: An Insider’s View”, Integration & Trade, Vol. 7, No. 19 (July-

December, 2003) pages 21-43. (“El programa de Doha el desarrollo después de Cancún: Una Visión desde adentro”,

Integración & Comercio).

51. “The Caribbean’s Future is Not What It Was”, Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 52, No. 1 (March, 2003) pages 185-

217.

52. “Sleepless in Seattle: The WTO Ministerial of November 1999,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 48, No. 3

(September, 1999) pages 61-84.

53. “The WTO Dispute Mechanism: A Developing Country Perspective” International Lawyer, Vol. 32, No. 3 (Fall,

1998) pages 871-873.

54. “Vías hacia el Área de Libre Comercio de las Américas,” CAPITULOS, No. 49 (Enero-Marzo, 1997) pages 111-130/

“Path to the Free Trade of the Americas”, CAPITULOS, No. 49 (January- March, 1997) pagines 97-114.

55. Book Review, Jay R. Mandle, “Persistent Underdevelopment: Change and Economic Modernization in the West

Indies,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 45, No. 4 (December, 1996) pages 203-205.

56. “Coping with Volatile Capital Flows in Latin America: A Review Essay,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 44, Nos.

2 & 3 (June and September, 1996) pages 375-386.

57. “Regional Trade Arrangements and the Establishment of a Free Trade Area of the Americas,” Law and Policy in

International Business, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Summer, 1996) pages 945-962.

58. “Repercusiones del Tratado de Libre Comercio de America del Norte sobre el crecimiento económico y el comercio del

Caribe,” Integración Latinoamericana, Ano 19, No. 205 (Noviembre, 1994) pagines 13-20.

59. “From NAFTA to Hemispheric Free Trade,” Columbia Journal of World Business, Vol.29, No. 3 (Fall, 1994) pages

22-31.

60. “The Compatibility of Caribbean Membership in Lome, NAFTA and GATT,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 43,

No.2 (June, 1994) pages 139-147.*

61. “Regional Trade Arrangements in the Western Hemisphere", The American University, Journal of International

Law and Policy, Vol. 8, No.4 (Summer, 1993) pages 683-718.

62. “The Effect of A North American Free Trade Agreement On The Commonwealth Caribbean". (Book Review), Social

and Economic Studies, Vol. 42, No. 1 (March, 1993) pages 208-210.

63. “Drugs, Debt and Democracy in the Caribbean: Implications for U.S. Foreign Policy,” Trans-Africa, Vol. 9, No. 2

Summer, 1992) pages 83-92.

64. “Next Stop, Caribbean Debt Relief,” International Economy, Vol. 5, No.4 (July/August, 1991) pages 71-74.

65. “Caribbean Debt Relief,” Caribbean Studies, Vol. 4, No. 2 (June, 1991) pages 45-58.

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66. “The SELA Debt Proposal: An Evaluation,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 40, No. 1 (March, 1991) pages

171-176.

67. “Economic Adjustment Policies For Small Nations" (Book Review), Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 39, No. 4

(December, 1990) pages 219-227.

68. “Emerging Stock Markets Fact book 1988" (Book Review), Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 38, No. 4 (December,

1989) pages 287- 290.

69. “The Great Depression, Colonial Policy and Industrialization in Jamaica,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 37, Nos.

1 and 2 (March-June, 1988) pages 33-64.

70. “Resolving the Global Debt Crisis,” Economia Internazionale, Vol. XL, Nos. 2-3 (Maggio-Agosto, 1987) pages 1-19.

71. “Transitional Commercial Banks, the International Monetary Fund and Capitalist Crisis in Jamaica,” Transition, Issue

15 (1987) pages 1-46.

72. “Restructuring Jamaica's Economic Relations with Socialist Countries, 1974-1980,” Development and Change, Vol.

17, No. 4 (October, 1986) pages 607-634.

73. “El intercambio desigual de Emmanuel como una teoría del subdesarrollo,” Investigación Económica, Vol. XLIV, No.

173 (Julio-Sept., 1985) pages 99-127.

74. With Deanna Ashley, “Poliomyelitis in Jamaica: Immunization Policies and Socio-Economic Implications,” World

Health Forum, Vol. 6, No. 3 (August, 1985) pages 265-267.

75. With Deanna Ashley, “A Review of Poliomyelitis Epidemics in Jamaica: Immunization Policies and Socio-Economic

Implications,” Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization, Vol. 19, No. 3 (August, 1985) English and

Spanish.

76. With Deanna Ashley, “A review of Poliomyelitis Epidemics in Jamaica: The Immunization Policies and

Socio-Economic Implications,” Disasters: The International Journal of Disaster Studies and Practices, Vol. 9, No.

1 (March, 1985) pages 144-154.

77. “Los Bancos Transicionales, El FMI deuda externa de los países en desarrollo,” Comercio Exterior, Vol. 35, No. 2

(Feriar, 1985) pagines 115-125.

78. “IMF and Class Struggle in Jamaica, 1977-1980,” Latin American Perspectives, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Summer, 1984) pages

53-82.

79. “Foreign Investment and Development in Jamaica,” Inter-American Economic Affairs, Vol. 38, No. 2 (Autumn, 1984)

pages 3-21. Reprinted in Chinese.

80. With Mark Figueroa and Michael Witter, “Caribbean Economic Thought: The Critical Tradition,” Social and Economic

Studies, Vol. 33, No. 2 (June, 1984) pages 5-97.

81. “Transnational Banks, the IMF and External Debt of Developing Countries,” Social and Economic Studies, Vol. 31,

No. 4 (December, 1982) pages 71-101.

82. With Norman Girvan, “The IMF and the Foreclosure of Development Options: The Case of Jamaica,” Monthly Review,

Vol. 38, No. 9 (February, 1982) pages 48-68. Reprinted in Chinese.

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83. With Norman Girvan, “The IMF and the Foreclosure of Development Options: The Case of Jamaica, “Development

and Peace, Vol.2, No.2 (Autumn 1981) pages 137-147.

84. With Norman Girvan, “El FMI y la exclusión de opciones de desarrollo: el caso de Jamaica,” El Caribe

Contemporáneo, No. 5 (Enero Abril, 1981) pagines 34-38.

85. With Norman Girvan and Wesley Hughes, “The IMF and the Third World: The Case of Jamaica, 1974-1980,”

Development Dialogue, No. 2 (1980) pages 113-155.

86. With Norman Girvan and Wesley Hughes, “El Fondo Monetario Internacional y el Tercer Mundo: El Caso Jamaica,”

Cuadernos Económicos Trimestrales, No. 3 (Diciembre, 1980) pagines 93-178.

87. “Emmanuel's Unequal Exchange as a Theory of Underdevelopment,” Social and Economic Studies, Special Issue in

Honor of Arthur Lewis, Vol. 29, No. 4 (December, 1980) pages 152-174.

88. “La integración de los mercados de capitales en la zona del Caribe: problemas y proposiciones de políticas,” CEMLA

Boletín Mensual, Vol. 22, No. 7-8 (July-August, 1976) pagines 365-375.

89. “The Significance of Garvey,” New World Quarterly, Vol. 5, No. 4 (1974), pages 69-72.

ARTICLES IN BOOKS

90. “Nano-firms, Integration and International Competitiveness: The Experience and Dilemma of the CSME” in Kenneth

Hall (ed.), CARICOM. Perspectives on its Pertinence in the Twenty-First Century (Mandeville: Northern

Caribbean University Press, 2012) pages 198-224.

91. “Foreward”, Hopeton S. Dunn (ed.), Ringtones of Opportunity. Policy, Technology and Access in Caribbean

Communications (Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, 2012) pages ix-xii.

92. “Improving the Participation of Small Developing Countries in the Governance of the Multilateral Trading System” in

Carolyn Deere Birkbeck (ed.), Making Global Trade Governance Working for Development. Perspectives and

Priorities from Developing Countries (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011) pages 231-258.

93. The Challenge of Sustainable Implementation” in Americo Beviglia Zampetti and Junior Lodge (eds.), The

CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement: A Practitioner’s Analysis (The Netherlands: Kluwer Law

International, 2011) pages 239-259.

94. “Planning in the New Global Context” in Planning today. Securing tomorrow. Perspectives on Development Planning

in Jamaica (Kingston: Planning Institute of Jamaica, 2007) pages 3-50.

95. “Nano-firms, Integration and International Competitiveness: The Experience and Dilemma of the CSME” in Kenneth

Hall and Myrtle Chuck-A-Sang (eds.), The CARICOM Single Market and Economy: Genesis and Prognosis (Kingston:

Ian Randle Publishers, 2007) pages 127-151.

96. “Special and Differential Treatment for Small Developing Economies” in Roman Grynberg (ed.), WTO at the Margins.

Small States and the Multilateral Trading System (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006) pages 309-355.

97. “Nano-firms, Integration and International Competitiveness: The Experience and Dilemma of the CSME” in Denis

Benn and Kenneth Hall (eds.), Production Integration in CARICOM: From Theory to Action (Kingston: Ian Randle

Publishers, 2006) pages 90-115.

98. “Small Developing Economies in the World Trade Organization” in Merlinda D. Ingco (ed.), Agriculture, Trade, and

the WTO (Washington DC: World Bank, 2003) pages 108-122.

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99. “The Case for NAFTA Parity for CBI Countries” in Kenneth Hall (ed.), The Caribbean Community Beyond Survival

(Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, 2001) pages 492-503.

100. “Globalization and Small Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities” in David Peretz, Rumman Faruqi and

Eliawony J. Kisanga (eds.), Small States in the Global Economy (London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2001) pages

39-51.

101. With Winsome Leslie, "The Experience of Privatization in the English Speaking Caribbean: The Experience" in

Melissa H. Birch and Jerry Haar (eds.), The Impact of Privatization in the Americas ((Miami: North-South Centre

Press, University of Miami, 2000) pages 115-140.

102. With Steve Lamar and Winsome Leslie, “Drugs, Debt and Structural Adjustment” in Ivelaw Griffith (ed.), The Political

Economy of Drugs in the Caribbean (London: Macmillan Press, 2000) pages 58-80.

103. “Globalization and Small Developing Countries: The Imperative for Repositioning” in Denis Benn and Kenneth Hall

(eds), Globalization: A Calculus of Inequality (Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, 2000) pages 88-128.

104. "The Caribbean in the International System: Outlook for the First 20 years of the 21st Century" in Kenneth Hall and

Denis Benn (eds.), Contending with Destiny. The Caribbean in the 21st Century (Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers,

2000) pages 295-325.

105. With Winsome Leslie, “Canadian Economic Assistance to CARICOM Countries: Assessment and Future Prospects”

in Jerry Haar and Anthony Bryan (eds.) Canadian-Caribbean Relations in Transition: Trade, Sustainable Development

and Security (London: Macmillan and New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999) pages 190-209.

106. “Caribbean States and The FTAA: Adequacy of Preparation, Participation and Negotiating Structures” in Anthony

Gonzales (ed.), Small Caribbean States and the Challenge of International Trade Negotiations (Port of Spain: Institute

of International Relations, University of the West Indies, 1998) pages 76-103.

107. “Jamaica and the Process of Free Trade in the Western Hemisphere” in Anne Weston and Usha Viswanathan (eds.)

Jamaica After NAFTA: Trade Options and Sectoral Strategies (Kingston: Ian Randle, 1997) pages 18-23.

108. “Influencing US Policy Towards the English-speaking Caribbean in the Post-Cold War Era” in Anthony Bryan (ed.),

The Caribbean: New Dynamics in Trade and Investment (Miami: North-South Centre, University of Miami, 1995)

pages 209-229.

109. “Foreword” in Hopeton S. Dunn (ed.), Globalization, Communication and Caribbean Identity (Kingston: Ian Randle

Publishers, 1995) pages ix-x.

110. “CARICOM: Externally Vulnerable Regional Economic Integration" in Roberto Bouzas and Jaime Ros (eds.),

Economic Integration in the Western Hemisphere. (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame, 1994) pages 171-202.

111. “Recent Developments in the Hemisphere and their Implications for Jamaica" in Jamaica: Preparing for the Twenty-

first Century. (Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers, 1994) pages 211-240.

112. “Redefining the Development Agenda: A Developing Country Perspective,” in Barbara Stallings and Contributors,

Common Vision, Different Paths: The United States and Japan in the Developing World (Washington D.C.: Overseas

Development Council, 1993) pages 145-151. Japanese translation: Post-Reisen Jidai NoKaihatsu Enjo To Nichibei

Kyoryoku. Tokyo: IDI Library, 1995.

113. “Comparative Experience of CARICOM Countries: A Comment" in George Beckford and Norman Girvan (eds.),

Development in Suspense (Kingston: Freidrich Ebert Stiftung and Association of Caribbean Economists, 1989)

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pages 75-78.

114. “Default as a Negotiating Tactic in Debt Rescheduling Strategies of Developing Countries: A Preliminary Note” in

Antonio Jorge & Jorge Salazar-Carrillo (eds.), Foreign Investment, Debt & Economic Growth in Latin America

(London: Macmillan Press, 1988) pages 41-58.

115. With Norman Girvan and Wesley Hughes, “The IMF and the Third World. The Case of Jamaica” in Yash Ghai, Robin

Luckam and Francis Synder (eds.), The Political Economy of Law. A Third World Reader (Delhi: Oxford University

Press, 1987).

116. “Crisis and Reform in Jamaica: Some Economic Lessons,” in George Irvin and Xabier Gorostiaga (eds.) Towards an

Alternative for Central America and the Caribbean (London: George Allen Unwin, 1985), pages 111-125.

117. “El Fondo Monetario International y la preservación del capitalismo dependiente en Jamaica” in Aggrey Brown (ed.),

La Irrupción del Caribe, (Caracas: Mex-Sur Editorial, Nueva Sociedad, 1985) pagines 134-176.

118. “The Vicious Circle of Foreign Indebtedness: The Case of Jamaica,” in Antonio Jorge, Jorge Salazar-Carrillo and Frank

Diaz-Pou (eds.), External Debt and Development Strategy in Latin America (New York: Pergamon Publishers, 1985)

pages 111-128.

119. "Jamaica: Democratic Socialism Meets the IMF,” in Jill Torrie (ed.), Banking on Poverty: the Global Impact of the

IMF and World Bank (Toronto: Between the Lines, 1983) pages 217-240.

120. “Economic Growth and External Debt in Jamaica,” in Antonio Jorge, Rene F. Higonnet and Jorge Salazar-Carrillo

(eds.) External Debt and Economic Growth in Latin America (New York: Pergamon Publishers, 1982) pages 89-108.

121. “La banca transnacional, el Fondo Monetario Internacional y la crisis capitalista de Jamaica" in Jaime Estevez and

Samuel Lichtenszetjn (eds.) Nueva fase del capital financiero: Elementos teóricos y experiencias in América Latina,

(México: ILET/CEESTEM, Editorial Nueva Imagen, 1981) pagines 281-334.

ARTICLES IN MONOGRAPHS

122. “Small developing countries and the multilateral trading system. A Caribbean perspective” in the Commonwealth

Finance Ministers Reference Report (London: Henley Media Group for the Commonwealth Secretariat, September,

2004) 4 pages. *

123. “Competition, competitiveness and cooperation: priority issues for CARICOM in future EU-ACP trade arrangements”

in Trade negotiation issues in the Cotonou Agreement: agriculture and economic partnership agreements (New York:

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2003) pages 147-159.

124. Richard L. Bernal, “US-Caribbean Relations at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century” in Richard L. Bernal, Anthony

T. Bryan and Georges A. Fauriol, the United States and Caribbean Strategies. Three Assessments, CSIS, Policy Papers

on the Americas, Vol. XIII, Study 4 (Washington, D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, April 2001)

pages 3-25.

125. “The WTO After Seattle,” in Agricultural Trade Negotiations and the Developing Countries after Seattle (Washington

D.C.: National Policy Association, Policy Brief No. 300, February, 2001) pages 4-15.

126. “Sustaining Economic Development Within the Caribbean,” in The Caribbean at the Crossroads: A Tale of Two

Islands, Jamaica and St. Vincent and the Grenadine Islands. (International Institute, George Mason University, June,

1994) pages 1-7.

127. “The Implications of Global Trends for the Labour Market in Jamaica” in Seminar Report on Labour Market

13

Information for Strategic Planning and Human Resource Development. (Kingston: Planning Institute of Jamaica,

1994) pages 3-11.

128. “The Caribbean and Western Hemisphere Free Trade,” in Mark Sullivan (ed.), The Caribbean Basin: Economic and

Security Issues, Study Papers submitted to the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States,

(Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, January 1993) pages 366-380.

129. “Monetary Policy and Financial Structure in Jamaica" in Circuits Monétaires et Financiers dans les Economics

Antillaises (Pointe a Pitre, Guadeloupe: SEG/ADESC, 1991) pages 89-93.

130. “Resolving the International Debt Crisis,” in Omar Davies (ed.), The Debt Problem in Jamaica: Situations and

Solutions, Monograph No. 1, Department of Economics, University of the West Indies, Mona (September 1986)

pages 82-114.

131. “Regional Co-operation and the Development of South-South Trade,” in Dick Gupwell (ed.), The Future of World

Trade, (Brussels: Socialist Group, European Parliament, 1986) pages 46-51.

132. “Exchange Rate Policy in Jamaica,” in Michael Witter and Richard Bernal, Exchange Rate Policy and the Jamaican

Economy, Department of Economics, University of the West Indies, Mona, Occasional Paper No. 1 (July 1984) pages

19-29.

TESTIMONIES TO US CONGRESS

133. “United States-Caribbean Relations” in Hearings before the Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere of the House

Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives One Hundred Sixth Congress, Second Session, May

17, 2000 (Washington, D.C., US Government Printing Office, 2000) pages 24-41.

134. “NAFTA at Three: The Case for NAFTA Parity,” Statement submitted to the House on Ways and Means Trade

Subcommittee, House of Representative One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, September 11, 1997 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1998) pages 261-263.

135. “Hemisphere Trade Liberalization and the US/Caribbean Trade Partnership,” in Hearings before the Subcommittee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, July 22, 1997 (Washington,

D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998) pages 142-147.

136. . “US Foreign Assistance and Sustainable Growth in Jamaica” in Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Committee

on Appropriations U.S. Senate One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, May 22, 1997 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998), pages 351-356.

137. “US Foreign Assistance and Sustainable Growth in Jamaica” in Hearings before the House Committee on Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Agencies, U.S. Congress, April

24, 1997. (Washington D.C.: US Government Printing Office, 1997), pages 682-693.

138. “The World Trade Organization: A Jamaican Perspective” in Hearings before the Subcommittee on Trade of the

Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress. March 13, 1996. (Washington D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1997) pages 261-264.

139. “Statement on Status of the Hemisphere: 1996” in Hearings before the Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress,

Second Session. June 14, 1996. (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996) pages 47-54.

140. “U.S. Foreign Assistance and Sustainable Growth in Jamaica” in Hearings before the Committee on Appropriations,

Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Agencies, United States House of

14

Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Sessions, April 25, 1996. (Washington D.C.: U.S.

Government Printing Office, 1996) pages 369-378.

141. "The U.S./Jamaican BIT and the importance of U.S./Jamaican Trade and Investment Relations" in Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, November 30,

1995. (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1996) pages 41-42.

142. “Statement on Proposals to Renew Fast Track Trade Negotiating Authority” in Joint Hearings before the Subcommittee

on Trade of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Subcommittee on Rules and Organization of the House of the

Committee on Rules, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session, May 11 and 17, 1995. (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995) pages 277-279.

143. "Jamaica Sets the Stage for the Twenty-first Century". Statement published in H.R. 533, The Caribbean Basin Trade Security Act. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Trade of the Committee on Ways and Means House of

Representatives, One Hundred and Fourth Congress, First Session, February 10, 1995. (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995) pages 235-239.

144. “The Role of 936 Funds in Economic Development of Caribbean Countries,” in Hearings before the Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives, One Hundred and Third Congress, First Session, March 23, 31 and April

1, 1993. (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993) pages 1305-1310.

145. “936 Funds: Contributing to Jamaica's Development,” (H.R. 5270) in hearing before the United States House of

Representatives Committee on Ways and Means One Hundred and Second Congress, Second Session, July 21-22, 1992. (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992) pages 1075-1078.

146. “Enterprise for the Americas Initiative Act 1991,” (H.R. 4059) in hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, Second Session, June 17, 1992 (Washington D.C. U.S.

Government Printing Office, 1992) pages 73-82.

147. “Debt Relief for Caribbean Countries” in Hearings before the Subcommittees on Human Rights and International

Organizations, Western Hemisphere Affairs and International Economic Policy and Trade of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundredth First Congress, Second Session, June 28th, July 11, 18, 31 and

September 1990 (Washington D.C. U.S. Government Printing Office, 1991) pages 225-238.

148. “The Caribbean Basin Initiative,” in Hearings before the Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade

on Western Hemisphere Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives One-Hundredth

Congress First Session, September 18 and 19, 1987 (Washington D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office, 1987) pages 48-56.

ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS

149. “Chinese Investment in the Caribbean”, Caribbean Property Investor Magazine Issue 3 (December, 2012) page 123.

150. “China’s Economic Presence and Potential in the Caribbean”, Caribbean Investment Quarterly, December 2011, pages

72-74.

151. “OAS and IDB: Democracy and Development”, Américas, Vol. 61, No. 6 (November/December, 2009) pages 54-

55/”La OEA y el BID: Democracia y Desarrollo”, Américas, Vol. 61, No. 6 (Diciembre, 2009) paginas 54-55.*

152. “The V Summit of the Americas: Renewal of Engagement”, Latin Finance, May, 2009, page 12.*

153. “Caricom Single Market and Economy Charts Destiny”, Americas, Organization of American States, Vol. 59, No.

3 (May/June, 2007) pages 46-50.

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154. “Bridging the development gap”, Trade and Investment in the Greater Caribbean (ACS Secretariat, March, 2007)

pages 18-19.

155. “Trade Negotiations After Cancun”, Courier (ACP-EU Development Cooperation) No. 200 (Sept. - October, 2003)

pages 12-13.

156. With Vilma McNish, “The Caribbean in the OAS,” Jamaica Journal, No. 26 - 3 (December, 1998) pages 33-36.

157. With Pamela Coke Hamilton, “Region seeks to redress apparel issue,” Hemisfile, Vol. 8, No. 2 (March/April, 1997)

pages 3-4.

158. “Changing Trade Trends Confronting the Caribbean,” Caribbean Association of Industry and Commerce Magazine, Fourth Quarter, 1996, pages 16-19, 23.

159. “NAFTA Parity and Its Importance to the U.S.” The Association of Women in International Trade, Vol. 2, No. 3 (Winter, 1996) pages 1 and 3.

160. “NAFTA Parity: Good for the U.S. and the Caribbean,” Trade Trends, The Washington International Trade

Association, Vol. XV, No. 2 (Summer, 1996).

161. “Jamaica: Repositioning A Small, Open Economy,” World Bank Development Institute Forum, Vol. 1, No. 1

(Washington, D.C., World Bank, 1996) pages 12-13.

162. “The Caribbean Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA and the Caribbean Basin,” Caribbean Forum, Vol. 1, No. 1, (March,

1994) pages 1 and 6-9.

163. “Jamaica-U.S. Economic Relations in a New Era,” Washington Report - Council of the Americas (Winter, 1993)

pages 24-25, 27.

164. “Trade links to U.S. -before and after NAFTA,” Hemisfile, Vol. 3, No. 3 (May, 1992) pages 10-11.

165. “From the Outside Looking In: Non-members’ Perspective of NAFTA,” Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, No. 8

(Washington, D.C. The Woodrow Wilson Center, September 15, 1992) pages 21-26.

ARTICLES IN MAGAZINES

166. “The Liberalisation of Trade in Financial Services”, CAIC Accountant, 2002, page 6.

167. “Elements of Globalisation”, CAIC Caribbean Account, 2002, pages 4-5.

154. “Jamaican Economy: Performance, Problems, Prospects, and Policy,” Money Index, No. 229, July 17, 1990, pages

1,8,10.

155. “The SELA Debt Proposal: An Evaluation,” Money Index, No. 227, July 3, 1990, pages 3,6,10.

156. “The Other Side of the Workers Bank Story,” Money Index, No. 222, May 29, 1990, p. 10.

157. “Comments on the New IMF Package,” Money Index, No. 207, February 13, 1990, pages 3, 38.

158. “Brady Initiative,” Money Index, No. 177, June 27, 1989, pages 14-21.

159. “Banking in the 1990's,” Housing and Finance, May 1989, pages 18-20.

16

160. “Debt Crisis Must Be Tackled,” Money Index, No. 157-158, February 7, 1989, pages 37-38.

161. “Jamaican Industrialization: Always One Step Behind,” Money Index, No. 138, September 6, 1988, pages 8-9.

162. “Debt for Export Swaps - The Peruvian Hybrid,” Money Index, No. 108, February 9, 1988, p.16.

163. “A Rethink of the CBI,” Money Index, No. 101, December 8, 1987, pages 15-18.

164 “The Crash of the U.S. Stock Market,” Money Index, No. 100, December 1, 1987, pages 22-23, 37-39.

165. “Jamaica's Debt Equity Programme: An Evaluation,” Housing and Finance, November 1987, pages26-28, 30.

166. “New Foreign Investment will be hard to get" (Part I) Money Index, No. 93, October 13, 1987, pages 6-7.

167. “New Foreign Investment will be hard to get" (Part II) Money Index, No. 94, October 20, 1987, pages 5-6.

168. “Debt Equity Swap - An Aspect of Debt Management,” Money Index, No. 87, September 1, 1987, pages 6-8.

169. “After Default - How Do Countries Survive, Money Index, No. 68, April 21, 1987, pages 1, 5-9.

170. “Penalties for Debt Default,” Money Index, No. 65, March 31, 1987, pages 17-19.

171. “Proposals to Deal With the Debt Crisis,” Money Index No. 64, March 24, 1987, pages 11-13.

172. “Debt, A real problem,” Money Index, No. 62, March 10, 1987, pages 25, 27.

173. “Jamaica's Vicious Circle of Foreign Indebtedness,” Housing and Finance, Winter, 83-84 pages 7-11.

174. “Jamaica's Balance of Payments (1960-1980)”, Housing and Finance, Winter, 1983, pages 26-28, 34-35.

175. “Caribbean Basin Initiative. Panacea or Prospect,” Inside Jamaica, Vol. 3 No. 1 (1983) pages 12-16.

176. “Foreign Investment and the Jamaican Economy,” Housing and Finance, Winter, 1981, pages 3-5.

OPINION EDITORIALS

177. “Banana trade vital to Caribbean,” The Journal of Commerce, February 3, 1999.

178. ALCA: Abriendo caminos commercials,” El Nuevo Herald, July 19, 1998.

179. “Economic integration comes to the hemisphere,” The Miami Herald, Wednesday, July 1, 1998.

180. “.... and freer trade for all of America,” The Washington Times, April 17, 1998.

181. “Small is Beautiful, Vulnerable,” Journal of Commerce, February 19, 1998.

182. “The Banana Quota,” Latin Trade, August, 1997.

183. “Parity for the Caribbean,” Journal of Commerce, July 2, 1997.

184. “WTO banana case: Friendly fire hits Caribbean.” The Journal of Commerce, April 24, 1997.

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185. “Haiti needs trade, not aid,” The Miami Herald, May 6, 1996.

186. “Free trade for the Americas,” The Journal of Commerce, April 18, 1996.

187. “A Jamaican's Case for Trade Parity With NAFTA,” The Wall Street Journal, March 22, 1996.

188. “Jamaica: A Full Partner in Free Trade,” Special Supplement, Washington Times, September 13, 1995.

189. “Free Trade for the Americas,” Miami Herald, May 15, 1995.

190. "Caribbean Nations Need NAFTA, too,” The Washington Times, October 1, 1993.

191. “NAFTA Parity,” Latin Trade, May, 1993.

192. “A US-Caribbean Tax Lifeline" The Journal of Commerce, April 16, 1993.

193. “Jobs for the U.S., Jobs For the Caribbean,” International Business Chronicle, March 29-April 11, 1993.

194. “Why Caribbean Nations Need Parity with NAFTA,” The Miami Herald, February 4, 1993.

195. “Why Caribbean Aid Makes Sense,” The Journal of Commerce, October 7, 1992.

196. “Expanding Hemispheric Trade,” The Journal of Commerce, August 4, 1992.

197. “To Spur Growth Among Neighbors,” The Washington Times, June 25, 1992.

198. “A Way Out of the Caribbean Debt Trap,” Washington Post, November 5, 1991.

OTHER OPINION EDITORIALS

199. “Sustained economic growth: a plan for Strategic Global Repositioning,” Jamaica Supplement, Washington Times,

January 26, 1999.

200. “Clinton’s Caribbean Proposal”, CaribNews, September 15, 1998.

201. “U.S./Caribbean Partnership is Key to Regional Stability,” Washington's Hill Rag, August 6, 1993

REPORTS AND STUDIES

202. “Globalization and Small Developing Economies: The Challenges and Opportunities" for the Caribbean Technical

Committee on Small States, Bridgetown, Barbados, January 2000.

203. “Small Economies in the World Trade Organization,” for the Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery, Nov.,

1998.

203. “Strategic Alliances for CARICOM during the Free Trade Area of the Americas Process,” for the CARICOM Regional

Negotiating Machinery, March, 1998.

204. “Strategic Global Repositioning of Small Developing Economies in the Caribbean and Central America.” For the

Eminent Persons Group on Smaller Economies, San Jose, Costa Rica, November, 1996.

205. “The Effects of the IMF on the Economies of the Caribbean,” for the Caribbean Association of Indigenous Banks, December 1989.

18

206. “The Brady Initiative: A Lack of Traction" for the Ministry of Finance, Government of Jamaica, May 1989 (41 pages).

207. “The Brady Initiative" for the South Commission, July 1989.

208. “Adjustment in Developing Countries" for the South Commission, July 1989.

209. “Jamaica's Fiscal Budget 1988/89,” for Finance, Law, and Taxation Committee of the Jamaica Chamber of

Commerce, July 14, 1988.

210. “A Pre-feasibility Study of the Establishment of a Caribbean Multinational Bank" for the Caribbean Association of

Indigenous Banks, November 1987 (82 pages).

211. “Third World Debt Crisis: Problems and Prospects,” for the Joint Trade Union Research and Development Centre,

April 1986.

212. “Jamaica's External Debt and its Implications," for the National Planning Agency, Government of Jamaica, 1977 (163

pages).

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

213. “Review needed of WTO decision process”, Letter to the Editor, Financial Times. February 5, 2001.

UNPUBLISHED PAPERS

214. “The Role of the OAS in Fostering Integral Development”. 2015

215. Firm Competitiveness, Capital Market Integration and the CARIFORUM-EU Economic Partnership Agreement,

Jamaica Stock Exchange, 2008.

216. Testimony to the US International Trade Commission, 2008.

217. “Who is Afraid of the EPA? Not CARIFORUM!” 70th Annual Conference, Jamaica Association of Sugar

Technologists, November 2, 2007.

218. “Status and Development Issues of the EC-CARIFORUM EPA Negotiations.” Address to the Committee on Economic

Development, Finance and Trade of the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly of the EU-ACP Parliamentarians, Bridgetown, Barbados, 18th November, 2006.

219. “The Role of the Single Market and Economy in Preparing CARICOM for the Challenges of Globalization,” The First

Caribbean Transnational Conference, Montego Bay, Jamaica, April 18, 2002.

220. “The WTO Since Seattle: Present Situation, Future Prospects.” Paper presented at the WTO: Rights and Obligations,

International Law Institute, Washington, D.C. November 27-December 8, 2000.

221. “The Meaningful Participation of Smaller Economies in the Free Trade Area of the Americas, ” Testimony submitted

to the House International Relations Sub-committee on International Economic Policy and Trade. Hearings on the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA), October 1999.

222. Testimony before the Committee on the House Ways and Means Representative in Support of the Crane/Rangel Bill to Provide Enhanced Access to the US Market for Exports from the Nation of the Caribbean Basin, March 23, 1999.

19

223. “Special Security Concerns of Small Island States” Presentation to the Committee on Hemispheric Cooperation,

Organization of American States, November 3, 1998.

224. “Computerization and the Future Economic Transformation of Jamaica.” Paper presented at the Jamaica Computer Society Conference, Montego Bay, Jamaica, October 24-27, 1996.

225. “What Needs to be Done to Stimulate Private Sector Development and Private Investment in the Caribbean”. Presentation to the Caribbean Business Forum, World Bank, Washington D.C., June 12, 1996.

226. “Strategic Global Repositioning and the Potential for Services”, Caribbean Group for Cooperation in Economic Development, June 10, 1996.

227. “NAFTA Expansion: How? And When? ” Paper presented to the New York State Bar and the Association of the Bar of the City of New York Seminar, New York, January 18, 1995.

228. “Implications of Global Changes for Employment and Training in Jamaica”. HEART Trust, 1994.

229. “Economic Integration in the Americas: The Role of the Organization of American States.” Paper presented at the American Bar Association, New Orleans, August 8, 1994.

230. “NAFTA: Avenues of Adjustment for Jamaica.” Paper presented at the Joint Trade Unions Research Development Centre, Kingston, January 27-28, 1994.

231. “Implications of NAFTA for the Economic Growth and Trade of the Caribbean.” Caribbean Shipping Association,

1993.

232. “Impact of NAFTA on the Apparel Industry in the Caribbean,” address to the Miami Conference, December 2, 1992.

233. “A Caribbean Perspective of the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative,” Organization of American States Working Group on the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, June, 1992.

234. “Blame the Victim: IMF Stabilization Programmes and the Pauperization of Labour: The Jamaican Experience,” Joint

Trade Unions Research Development Centre, Kingston, 21st May, 1985.

235. “Jamaica’s Balance of Payments, 1960-1984,” Department of Economics, University of the West Indies, Mona,

Jamaica, 1984.

236. With M. Budhai and P. Gordon, “Jamaica and the Economic Crisis in CARICOM,” Department of Economics,

University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, 1984.

Testimonies July 14, 2016 “The Strategic Importance of Building A Stronger U.S. -Caribbean Partnership”. Testimony to the U.

S. House of representatives Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere,

July 14, 2016.

March, 2010 “US Foreign Policy Towards the Caribbean Community (CARICOM): Economic Aspects”

Testimony to the Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere of the U.S. House of Representatives.

Hearings on U. S. Policy Towards the Americas in 2010 and Beyond. March, 2010.

September, 2007 Testimony to the US International Trade Commission

May 17, 2000 Testimony on the United States-Caribbean Relations to the Hearings before the Subcommittee on the

20

Western Hemisphere of the House Committee on International Relations, May 17, 2000.

September 11, 1997 Testimony before the Subcommittee on Trade of the Committee on Ways and Means House of

Representatives One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, September 11, 1997.

July 22, 1997 Testimony before the Subcommittee on Trade of the Committee on Ways and Means House of

Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, July 22, 1997.

June 24, 1993 Testimony before the United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade. The Caribbean

Basin Free Trade Agreements Act (H.R. 1403).

April 1, 1993 Testimony before the United States House Ways and Means Committee on the Role of 936 Funds in

Economic Development of Caribbean Countries.

Jan. 22, 1992 Testimony before the U.S. International Trade Commission Hearings on U.S. Market Access in Latin

America, Recent Liberalization Measures and Remaining Barriers

July 31, 1990 Testimony before the joint hearing of the Sub-Committee on Western Hemisphere Affairs and the

Sub-Committee on International Economic Policy and Trade of the U.S. House of Representatives on

H.R. 5196, The Caribbean Debt for Development Act of 1990.

Sept. 1989 Address to the Friends of the Caribbean in Congress - “Debt, Drugs, and Development: The Jamaican

Dilemma,” September, 1989.

Sept. 18 & 19, 1987 Testimony on the Caribbean Basin Initiative to the Hearings before the Sub-Committee on 1987

International Economic Policy and Trade and Western Hemispheric Affairs of the Committee on

Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One hundredth Congress, First Session.

VIDEO/DVD

“Jamaica and Free Trade in the Western Hemisphere,” Workshop for the Jamaica Chamber of Commerce, 1996.

42nd Anniversary Lecture, University of Technology, Jamaica (2002).

Interview on the Jim Lerher News Hour re World Trade Organization Ministerial meeting in Cancun (2005)

“Nano-firms” in From Theory to Action. High Level Seminar on Production Integration in the CSME, January 26-27, 2007,

University of the West Indies, Mona.

YOUTUBE

Economic Partnership Agreement

China-Caribbean Relations

QUOTED IN

Financial Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, The Economist, New York Times, Newsweek, Washington Times,

Miami Herald and several Caribbean newspapers.

Interviewed on CNN, Jim Lehrer News Hour, BBC, Voice of America and television in Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica and

Trinidad and Tobago.

21

BOARD MEMBERSHIP

Member of the Editorial Board, Social and Economic Studies, Academic Journal of the Faculty of Social Sciences, University

of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica, 1982-1991. One of three Academic Editors, 1984-1987.

Member of Board of Directors, Jamaica Consumers League (1985-89).

Member of Board of Directors, Workers Bank (1990-1991).

Member of Board of Directors, Caribbean Applied Technology Centre Limited (1990-1991).

External Examiner in International Economics, University of Guyana (1980's).

Chairman, CARICOM Working Group on the FTAA.

Jamaica's Representative to the FTAA Working Group on Services.

CONFERENCES/LECTURES/ADDRESSES

Addressed or presented papers at over 300 conferences and symposia in U.S.A., Canada, Western Europe, Africa, South America,

Central America and the Caribbean.

Think Tanks: Brookings Institution, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Centre for Strategic and International

Studies, Fundo Global, Heritage Foundation, Institute of International Economics, Inter-American Dialogue, North South Center,

Overseas Development Council, Royal Institute of International Affairs and the Caribbean Policy Research Institute.

Universities: Columbia University, Duke University (Fuqua School of Business), George Mason University, George

Washington University, Georgetown University, Harvard University (Kennedy School), Howard University, Institute for Social

Studies (The Hague), Johns Hopkins University (School for International and Advanced Studies), Morgan State University,

Rutgers University, State University of New York, University of Guyana, University of Maryland, University of Miami,

University of Toronto, University of Virginia (Darden School of Business), Virginia State University, University of the West

Indies (Executive MBA Programme), the National Defense University (Washington DC) and the Institute of International

Relations of the University of the West Indies.

Institutions: Inter-American Development Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States, the World

Trade Organization, the World Bank and the Caribbean Development Bank.

Associations: American Bar Association, Association of Economists of Puerto Rico, Jamaica Chamber of Commerce, Private

Sector Organization of Jamaica, Jamaica Manufacturers Association, American Chamber of Commerce of Jamaica, Jamaica

Institute of Management, Joint Parliamentary Assembly of the EU-ACP Parliamentarians and the Trinidad and Tobago

Manufacturers Association.

SPECIAL LECTURES

Sue Cobb Lecture, University of the West Indies, JamaicaFebruary, 2019.

Third Biennial Errol Miller Lecture, University of the West Indies, Jamaica, September 14, 2017.

Grace Kennedy Foundation Lecture, Kingston, Jamaica, April 29, 2008.

42nd Anniversary Lecture, University of Technology, Kingston, Jamaica, March 18, 2003.

Walter Sterling Memorial Lecture, National Policy Association, Washington DC, 1997

The Adlith Brown Memorial Lecture, University of the West Indies, Trinidad & Tobago, 1994.

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.

Public lecture, Joint Trade Unions Research Development Centre, 21st May, 1985.

Terry Smith Memorial Lecture, Press Association of Jamaica.

COURSES ATTENDED

“Frontiers in Development Policy”, World Bank Institute, April 30-May 4, 2012.

“International Financial Issues in Emerging Markets”, School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University, May,

2011.

“Global Financial Crisis,” Salzburg Seminar, Austria, April, 2009.

“Multilateral Negotiations in Trade in Services,” SELA, Mexico City, March, 1998.

“Intellectual Property Rights,” SELA, Mexico City, May, 1996.

“International Finance and Third World Debt,” Salzburg Seminar, Austria, May, 1987.

“Selling Financial Services,” Bankers Development Institute, USA, April, 1987.

“Negotiating with Transnational Corporations and Multilateral Institutions,” Institute of Development Studies, University of

Sussex, July - September 1984.

TRAVEL

Europe—Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland.

North America—Canada, Mexico, U.S.A.

Caribbean—Antigua, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Grenada, Haiti, Puerto

Rico, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago.

South America—Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Central America—Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama.

Africa—Algeria, Libya, Mozambique.

Asia—China, Hong Kong, India, Thailand

PERSONAL

Born November 30, 1949 in Kingston, Jamaica

Married 1971 to Margaret Ann Reckord, Sociologist and Cultural Heritage Consultant. Two sons, Brian, Architect/Engineer and

Darren, Ass. Prof. of Psychology.

INTERESTS

Squash (Played 1992 U.S. National Championship, 40+ and 1999 U. S. National Championship, 45+), watching sports (NFL

football, soccer, tennis, cricket), reading, listening to music (Classical, Jazz, Reggae, New Age, Ethnic), viewing films and fine

arts.

EARLY EDUCATION

Jamaica College, 1961-1968. O Levels, 1966, A Levels, 1968. Prefect, 1967/68. Economics Prize, 1966/67, Geography Prize,

1967/68. Represented JC at Cricket, Soccer, Hockey, Tennis, Track and Field.

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MISCELLANEOUS

Bank of Jamaica football team 1971-72

Tennis Team, University of the West Indies, Mona, 1968/69.

Articles in the Jamaican Daily Gleaner, Overseas Gleaner (North American Edition), Jamaica Daily News, Jamaica Record,

Jamaican Observer, Jamaica Herald, CaribNews and the Nation (Barbados).

Interviewed by CNN, BBC, Voice of America, CBC, Jim Lerher Newshour, UWITV and radio and TV stations throughout the

Caribbean.

Reviewed Jazz Records/CDs for the Jamaica Daily News (1973-74) and Washington Hill Rag (1996-2000).