Subject: Professional Ethics and ResponsibilitiesSession 1-4Content: Introduction to Profession, Professional, Professionalism, Ethics, Theories ofEthics, Code of Ethics for DesignerDefne Profession, Professionals, and Professionalism. Explain three fundamental elements of profession. Explain six characteristics of professional styles.What are the responsibilities of desiner to his ! herclient"Profession: A profession is an occupation, ocation or career !here speciali"ed #no!ledge of a su$%ect, &eld, or science is applied' It is usuall( applied to occupations that inole prolonged academic training and a formal )uali&cation' It is a*iomatic that +professional actiit( inoles s(stematic #no!ledge and pro&cienc('+ Professions are usuall( regulated $( professional $odies that ma( set e*aminations of competence, act as a licensing authorit( for practitioners, and enforce adherence to an ethical code of practice' Professional #ody:A professional$od( or professionalorgani"ation, also #no!nas a professional association or professional societ(, is an organi"ation, usuall( non-pro&t, that e*ists tofurther aparticular profession, toprotect $oththepu$licinterest and the interests of professionals' The $alance $et!een these t!o ma( $e amatter of opinion' ,ntheonehand, professional $odiesma(acttoprotect thepu$lic $( maintaining and enforcing standards of training and ethics in theirprofession' ,n the other hand, the( ma( also act li#e a cartel or a la$or union -tradeunion. for themem$ersof theprofession, thoughthisdescriptioniscommonl(re%ected $( the $od( concerned' /an(professional $odiesperformprofessional certi&cationtoindicateapersonpossesses )uali&cations inthesu$%ect area, andsometimes mem$ershipinaprofessional $od(is s(non(mous !ithcerti&cation, $ut not al!a(s' Sometimesmem$ership in a professional $od( is re)uired for one to $e legall( a$le to practicethe profession0An understanding of the root !ord profession is re)uired $efore e*ploring the $ehaiors that characteri"e professionalism'$hree fundamental elements of a profession:%Adapted from Brown, 1971) & 'alue orientation to ser'ice for the !elfare of societ(--serice orientation--!elfare of others is uppermost' &bstract (no)lede used adaptably and s(illfully in the area of serice--e*pert #no!ledge for the serice--a theoretical frame!or#' &utonomy in decision*ma(in and action relatie to the serice--decisions are made and actions ta#en $ased on e*pertise, #no!ledge and reason' These characteristics must $e translated $( indiiduals into patterns of action that cone( the image of a professional person' Professionalism:,*ford Dictionar(: the competence or s#ill e*pected of aprofessional' Professionalism, is a$out indiidual modes of $ehaiour that commandrespect and $uild trust' It is a$out e*cellence in serice as measured $( recognisedstandards'It isa$out delieringsericesor !or#ingtostandardsthat meet theneeds of and are e*pected $( our clients' Such$ehaioursareindeedanecessar(part of $elongingtoaprofession$utalmost an( trade could $e descri$ed as professional in these terms1 As an( of ushere #no!s, !hat separates the professionalism of mem$ers of a professional $od(from the $ehaiours of other t(pes of so-named professionals, is the re)uirement tocontinuall(reinforceanddemonstrateour professionalism, not merel(assert itthrough a one-o2 )uali&cation' And it is our mem$ership of a professional $od( 3one !hich em$odies the distinguishing features I hae de&ned 3 that confers on usthe o$ligation to a$ide $( professional standards and regulation'It is therefore no longer enough for professions to sa( to the pu$lic 4(ou must trustme5, toda( !e must earn that trust and demonstrate: clearl(, openl( and often, !h(that trust should $e gien'Professionalism is a passion for personal responsi$ilit(, deotion to a life of serice,commitment to a mission, and openness to ne! ideas and alternaties'Incontrast, technicians-or paraprofessionals. de&netheir rolenarro!l(, seenolarger purpose, set sights lo!, #no! enough a$out their !or# !ithout a holistic ie!of it'Si* characteristics of professional st(le-- a professional !a( of $eing-- summari"ed:1. Ethical - moral standard of conduct. a. Deals honestly with othersb. Maintains confidentiality regarding professional matters.c. Recognizes professional biases and bases attitude and action upon a sound rationale. d. Believes that others recognize the stature of a professional.e. Does not misrepresent personal qualifications. f. Faces self honestly.2. Altruistic - regard for and devotion to the interest of others, unselfisha. Behaves unselfishlb. !evotes practice to the interests of others.c. !emonstrates motives for professional practice that are "#$ selfish d. %hows respect for others.e. %hows positive attitude toward co-wor&ers, children, adults, and communit members.'. (esponsible- accountable, answerable, trustworth, and able to respond.a. )romises onl what can be delivered.b. *ollows through on commitments.c. !elivers on time.d. %as +no, without guilt. e. -s accountable for own actions.f. %upports the basic tenets of the profession.g. !evelops a philosoph and sound rationale for professional practice.h. $hin&s before reacting.i. *oresees possible outcomes of professional actions. .. Ma&es decisions based on possibilities.&. /onsiders the best interest of the client.l. Evaluates his0her professional practice.m. /onfronts discrepancies between intentions and actions. n. Assesses own contribution realisticall.1. $heoretical--sstematic and abstract principles of professional action.a. )ractices critical thin&ing.b. /ontributes to &nowledge base.c. %hows appreciation for scholarship, research and theor.d. )resents the theoretical foundation of ideas and actions.e. Evaluates own professional practice in light of new conditions and &nowledge.2. /ommitted--a lifetime of devotion.a. %pends time beond the call of dut.b. Belongs to and ta&es an active part in professional organi3ations.c. -dentifies with the profession both when it is praised and critici3ed.d. Articulates the profession4s philosoph and practice to the public.e.5. -ntellectual--feels responsible for continuous development of professional &nowledge and s&ills6 learning isnot a tas& but a wa of living and being.a. (eads current .ournals.b. 7eep abreast of technical advances.c. (eads about own and related professions and specialties.d. -nteracts with colleagues to gain new perspectives. e. )articipates in conferences.f. Enrolls in courses regularl.g. %trives toward self-improvement.h. !evelopsperformance s&ills.Coe(inPrinciple-Centered6eadershipsa(s, 7Someha$itsofine2ectienessarerooted in our social conditioning to!ard )uic#-&*, short-term thin#ing' ' ' ' The )uic#,eas(, free, and fun approach !on5t !or# ' ' ' The onl( thing that endures oer timeis the la! of the farm: I must prepare the ground, put in the seed, cultiate it, !eedit, !ater it, then graduall( nurture gro!th and deelopment to full maturit(8 -p' 19.'AI:A, the professional association for design, stimulates thin#ing a$outdesign, demonstrates the alue of design and empo!ers the success of designers ateach stage of their careers' AI:A5s mission is to adance designing as a professionalcraft, strategictool andital cultural force' ;oundedin1th centur( irtue theor( receied special attention from philosophers !ho $elieed that more recent approaches ethical theories !ere misguided for focusing too heail( on rules and actions, ratherthan on irtuous character traits' Alasdaire /acInt(re -1