professional english in use: law reading party jumbo
TRANSCRIPT
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Professional English in Use: Law
Reading Party
Jumbo
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Chapter 4, Part A
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the civil court system in England and Wales
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Broadly speaking…
• Lower Courts
Decide matters of fact.
• Upper Courts
Normally deal with points of law.
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Family matters such as undefended divorce…
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the Magistrates’ Courts
• A single stipendiary magistrate or three lay magistrates.
• They hear minor criminal cases, as well as certain licensing applications.
• No jury.• Family cases may go on appeal to the County
Courts.
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the County Courts
• Statutory courts with a purely civil jurisdiction.• Hears complex first instance civil cases:
• Contract disputes• Compensation claims• Consumer complains about faulty goods or services• Bankruptcy cases
• Circuit judges and recorders.• Without juries.• Claimants(plaintiffs) seek a legal remedy for
some harm or injury they have suffered.
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More complex civil cases, such as estates and actions for the recovery of land…
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the High Courts of Justice
• Divided into three divisions:• Family• Chancery• Queen’s Bench
• Has first instance and appellate jurisdiction.• Cases may go on appeal to the Courts of
Appeal.
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the Courts of Appeal
• Can reverse or uphold a decision of the lower courts.
• Its decisions bind all the lower civil courts.
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But, when points of law of general public importance are involved, civil cases may leapfrog from the High Court to the House of Lords, bypassing the Court of Appeal.
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the House of Lords
• Its decisions are binding on all other courts but not necessarily on itself.
• Twelve life peers appointed from judges and barristers.
• For an appeal hearing, the quorum, or minimum number of law lords is three.