Product Requirements, Handling and Storage

M DickinsonBituguard, SA

Property Requirements

• Property limits derived from recent local and international experience and practice

• Still empirically based

• Ultimate goal is performance-related limits

• For high risk application the rheological behaviour should be assessed using the SHRP approach or the latest research

Properties for Hot Sealing applications(before ageing)

Binder Class

Property Min/Max Test Method S-E1 S-E2

Softening Point (R & B) Min MB-17 50 57

Dynamic Viscosity @ 165ºC Max MB-18 0.55 0.55

Ductility @ 15ºC Min MB-19 75 50

Force Ductility @ 15ºC - - Report Report

Complex Shear Modulus - AASHTO:TP5 Report Report

Creep Stiffness - AASHTO:TP1 Report Report

Elastic Recovery @ 15ºC Min MB-4 50 70

Flash Point Min ASTM: D93-97 230 230

Stability (R&B diff @ 160ºC) Max MB-6 5 5

Adhesion @ 5ºC Min MB-7 90 90

Torsional Recovery @ 15ºC - MB-5 Report Report

Torsional Recovery @ 25ºC - MB-5 Report Report

Properties for Hot Sealing applicationsafter Ageing (RTFOT)

Binder Class

Property Min/MaxTest

MethodS-E1 S-E2

Difference in softening point - MB-17 -2 to +8 -2 to +8

Elastic Recovery @ 15ºC Min MB-4 40 50

Mass Change Max MB-3 1.0 1.0

Dynamic Viscosity @ 165ºC - MB-18 Report Report

Torsional Recovery @ 25ºC - MB-5 Report Report

Properties for modified emulsions for Surface Seals

Binder Class

Property Min/Max

Test Method

S-E1 S-E2

Modified Binder Content - MB-22 65-68 70-73 65-68 70-73

Viscosity @ 50ºC - MB-21 51-200 51-400 51-200 51-400

Residue on Sieving Max MB-23 0.5 0.5

Particle charge - MB-24 Positive Positive

Sedimentation after 60 revs - SABS 548 Nil Nil

On Recovered Binder Residue MB-20

Softening Point Min MB-17 48 55

Ductility @ 15ºC Min MB-19 75 50

Elastic recovery @ 15ºC Min MB-4 50 55

Torsional recovery @ 15ºC - MB-5 Report Report

Force Ductility - - Report Report

Properties for Hot-Mix Asphalt(before ageing)

Binder Class

Property Min/Max Test Method A-E1 A-E2 A-P1

Softening Point (R & B) Min MB-17 55 60 65

Dynamic Viscosity @ 165ºC Max MB-18 0.6 0.6 0.75

Dynamic Viscosity @ 150ºC - MB-18 Report Report Report

Dynamic Viscosity @ 135ºC - MB-18 Report Report Report

Ductility @ 15ºC Min MB-19 75 50 30

Force Ductility N - Report Report Report

Elastic Recovery @ 15ºC Min MB-4 50 60 Report

Torsional recovery @ 25ºC - MB-5 Report Report Report

Stability (R&B diff @ 160ºC) Max MB-6 5 5 5

Flash Point Min ASTM:D93-97 230 230 230

Complex Shear Modulus - AASHTO:TP5 Report Report Report

Creep Stiffness - AASHTO:TP1 Report Report Report

Properties for Hot-Mix Asphaltafter Ageing (RTFOT)

Binder Class

PropertyMin/Max

Test Method

A-E1 A-E2 A-P1

Difference in softening point - MB-17 -2 to +8 -2 to +8 -2 to +8

Elastic Recovery @ 15ºC Min MB-4 40 50 Report

Mass Change Max MB-3 1.0 1.0 1.0

Torsional Recovery @ 25ºC - MB-5 Report Report Report

Properties of Bitumen-Rubber for use in Seals and HMA

Binder Class

Property UnitTest

Method

S-R1

(Seal)

S-E2

(Asphalt)

Min Max Min Max

Compression recovery: 5 min % MB-11 70 - 80 100

Compression recovery: 1 hour % MB-11 70 - 70 95

Compression recovery: 4 days % MB-11 25 45 25 55

Softening point (R&B) ºC MB-17 55 62 55 65

Resilience % MB-10 13 35 13 35

Flow Mm MB-12 15 70 10 50

Dynamic Viscosity (Haake @ 190ºC)

dPa.s MB-13 20 40 20 50

Properties for Crack Sealants

Binder Class

Property Min/Max Test Method

C-E1 CC-E1 C-R1

Softening Point (R & B) Min MB-17 80 80 65

Elastic recovery @ 15ºC Min MB-4 80 60 N/A

Flow @ 60ºC - MB-12 Nil Nil 5

Resilience Min/Max MB-10 N/A N/A 13-35

Torsional recovery @ 15ºC - MB-5 Report Report Report

Solid Content (m/m) - MB-22 N/A 55 N/A

Viscosity @ 165ºC Max MB-18 0.55 N/A N/A

Dynamic viscosity (Haake @ 190ºC)

Min/Max MB-13 N/A N/A 20-40

Viscosity @ 25ºC Max MB-18 N/A 0.8 N/A

NB: These are minimum requirements (bench mark for proprietary products)

Storage & Handling

General Comments• Heat stability of modern modified binders is adequate if

exposed to reasonable temperatures

• Excessive temperatures cause degradation

• Storage in heated conditions must be in containers with a circulation system and agitation

• Degradation can occur during blending and pumping

• Heating preferably by oil or electrical coils (gas heating only with double flue pipes and low flame)

• No Rapid Heating• Spray tankers should be fitted with slow stirrers or augers to

keep modified blend homogenous

• Temperature/time limits in Tables are guidelines not rejection criteria

Temperature/Time Limits for Hot Polymer Modified Binder

Binder Class

Short-term Handling

Storage Spraying/Asphalt mixing

Max Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Max Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Max Temp (ºC)

Min Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

S-E1; S-E2 180 24 150 240 200 185 8

C-E1 160 24 140 240 170 160 8

A-E1; A-E2;

A-P1180 24 140 240 170 160 36

•Different polymers have different storage and handling characteristics

•Manufacturer should provide storage and handling characteristics

•Circulation/stirring system required even for short-term storage

Polymer Modified Emulsions• No degradation expected at range on handling

and storage temperatures encountered• No heating during storage; only immediately

before application• Emulsion stored for any length of time should

be circulated and agitated from time to time• Residue on Sieving value will increase with

prolonged storage but should not affect performance

• Beware of deposits in flues of storage tankers and distributors plus blocked nozzles

• No storage at temperatures > 50ºC for extended periods

Recommended Spray Temperatures for Modified Emulsions

Binder Content

(% m/m)

Spraying Temperature

(ºC)

65 60 – 70

70 70 - 80

•Spraying temperature is a function of the binder content/viscosity of the emulsion

•Emulsions heated to spray temperature should have the heat source turned off immediately if delays occur

Temperature/Time Limits for Polymer Modified Emulsions

Binder Class

Short-term Handling

Storage Spraying/Asphalt mixing

Max Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Max Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Max Temp (ºC)

Min Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

SC-E1; SC-E2 70 24 Ambient 240+ 80 50 2

CC-E1 Ambient 240+ Ambient 240+ Ambient Ambient 240+

Bitumen-Rubber

• Bitumen-rubber degrades rapidly in the presence of high temperatures over an extended period

• Blending and reacting of product usually takes place close to site of application

• Manufacturers to provide time/temperature curves of blend before start of projects

• Viscosity most sensitive for identifying degradation/ageing of the product

• Dynamic viscosity (hand-held rotary viscometer) commonly used for control purposes (method MB-18)

Temperature/Time Limits forBitumen-Rubber

Binder Class

Short-term Handling

Storage Spraying/Asphalt mixing

Max Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Max Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Max Temp (ºC)

Min Temp (ºC)

Max Hold Time (hrs)

Binders for seals (S-R1)

165 24 140 72 210 195 Refer to time/

viscosity curve

Binders for asphalt (A-R1)

165 24 140 72 210 190

Binders for crack sealing

(C-R1)165 24

Only amount required

- 190 180 -