proceedings of the ocean drilling program€¦ · copies of this publication may be obtained from...

PROCEEDINGSOF THE

OCEAN DRILLINGPROGRAM

VOLUME 127/128SCIENTIFIC RESULTS

PARTI

JAPAN SEACovering Legs 127 and 128 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel JOIDES Resolution

Leg 127: Tokyo, Japan, to Pusan, South Korea, Sites 794-797,19 June 1989-20 August 1989

Leg 128: Pusan, South Korea, to Pusan, South Korea, Sites 794, 798-799,20 August 1989-15 October 1989

Leg 127Kensaku Tamaki, Kenneth A. Pisciotto, James Allan, Joanne M. Alexandrovich, David A. Barnes, Sam Boggs,Hans-Jürgen Brumsack, Charlotte A. Brunner, Adrian Cramp, Laurent Jolivet, Orest E. Kawka, Itaru Koizumi,

Shin'ichi Kuramoto, Marcus Q. Langseth, James McEvoy, Jeffrey A. Meredith, Karl A. Mertz, Jr., Richard W. Murray,David C. Nobes, Atiur Rahman, Ralph Schaar, Kathryn P. Stewart, Ryuji Tada, Peter Thy, Luigi Vigliotti, Lisa D.

White, Jobst J.M. Wippern, Shigeru YamashitaShipboard Scientists

Leg 128James C. Ingle, Jr., Kiyoshi Suyehiro, Marta T. von Breymann, James S. Bristow, Lloyd H. Burckle, Jacques Charvet,

Barry A. Cragg, Peter B. deMenocal, Robert B. Dunbar, Karl B. Föllmi, John R. Griffin, Kurt A. Grimm, YozoHamano, Naoshi Hirata, Peter Holler, Caroline M. Isaacs, Michio Kato, Richard Kettler, Tara Kheradyar, Klaus A.O.

Krumsiek, Hsin-Yi Ling, Ryo Matsumoto, Jay P. Muza, Ronald J. Parkes, Andre Pouclet, Steven D. Scott,Ruediger Stein, Anne A. Sturz

Shipboard Scientists

Leg 127: James AllanLeg 128: Marta T. von Breymann

Shipboard Staff Scientists

Editorial Review Board:Part 1: Kenneth A. Pisciotto, James C. Ingle, Jr., Marta T. von Breymann, John Barron

Part 2: Kensaku Tamaki, Kiyoshi Suyehiro, James Allan, Michael McWilliams

Prepared by theOCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM

TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY

Norman J. Stewart, William R. Winkler, Sondra K. Stewart, Elsa K. Mazzullo, and Amanda R. Masterson

Volume Editors

in cooperation with theNATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

andJOINT OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS, INC.

This publication was prepared by the Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, as an accountof work performed under the international Ocean Drilling Program, which is managed by JointOceanographic Institutions, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. Funding forthe program was provided by the following agencies at the time of this cruise:

Canada/Australia Consortium for the Ocean Drilling Program, Department of Energy, Mines andResources (Canada) and Department of Primary Industries and Energy (Australia)

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Federal Republic of Germany)

European Science Foundation Consortium for the Ocean Drilling Program (Belgium, Denmark,Finland, Iceland, Italy, Greece, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey)

Institut Français de Recherche pour 1'Exploitation de la Mer (France)

National Science Foundation (United States)

Natural Environment Research Council (United Kingdom)

University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute (Japan)

Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are thoseof the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation, theparticipating agencies, Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc., Texas A&M University, or Texas A&MResearch Foundation.

It is recommended that reference to the whole or to part of this volume be made in one of the followingforms, as appropriate:

Pisciotto, K. A., Ingle, J. C , Jr., von Breymann, M. T., Barron, J., et al., 1992. Proc. ODP, Sci. Results,127/128, Pt. 1: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

Rahman, A., 1992. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Leg 127 in the Japan Sea. In Pisciotto,K. A., Ingle, J. C, Jr., von Breymann, M. T., Barron, J., et al., 1992. Proc. ODP, Sci. Results,127/128, Pt. 1: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 171-186.

Effective Publication Dates of ODP Proceedings

According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the date of publication of a workand of a contained name or statement affecting nomenclature is the date on which the publication wasmailed to subscribers, placed on sale, or when the whole edition is distributed free of charge, mailedto institutions and individuals to whom free copies are distributed. The mailing date, not the printeddate, is the correct one.

The mailing dates of recent Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program are as follows:

Volume 135 (Initial Reports): May 1992Volumes 136/137 (Initial Reports): January 1992Volume 138 (Initial Reports): August 1992Volume 124 (Scientific Results): September 1991Volume 125 (Scientific Results): July 1992Volume 126 (Scientific Results): August 1992

Distribution

Copies of this publication may be obtained from Publications Distribution Center, Ocean DrillingProgram, 1000 Discovery Drive, College Station, Texas 77845-9547. Orders for copies will requireadvance payment. See current ODP publication list for price and availability of this publication.

Printed September 1992

ISSN 0884-5891Library of Congress 87-642-462

Printed in U.S.A. by Edwards Brothers Incorporated

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for InformationSciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984 ™

ForewordBy the National Science Foundation

The Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) is a major component of the National ScienceFoundation^ continuing commitment to the study of the geologic processes that have shapedour planet and modified its environment. The scientific problems being addressed range fromthe geologic history and structure of continental margins to the processes responsible for theformation and alteration of the ocean's crust. In a time of enhanced public and scientificinterest in problems of global change, ODP provides critical data on changes in oceancirculation, chemistry, and biologic productivity and their relation to changes in atmosphericcirculation and glacial conditions. The Ocean Drilling Program has a unique role in addressingthese problems, since it is the only facility for continuously sampling the geologic record ofthe ocean basins, which cover 70% of our planet.

The ODP is the successor to the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), which was a globalreconnaissance of the ocean basins. DSDP began operations in 1968 at Scripps Institution ofOceanography, using a 400-foot drillship, the Glomar Challenger. DSDP was supportedinitially by only the National Science Foundation, with extensive involvement of internationalscientists who were invited to participate on drilling cruises. As this international interestcontinued to grow in the early 1970's, formal participation in the project was offered to theinternational geoscience community. In 1975, five nations (France, the Federal Republic ofGermany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union) accepted this commitment tojoint planning and conduct of the project, as well as to financial support for operations. ThisInternational Phase of Ocean Drilling (IPOD) continued to 1983. Although the Challengerhad reached the limits of her capabilities, the remarkable scientific success of the DSDP andthe new questions it had generated demanded a continuing capability for drilling in the oceans.

The Ocean Drilling Program was organized, international participation was coordinated,a new drillship (the JOIDES Resolution) was contracted and outfitted, and her first cruisesailed in early 1985, within 18 months of the retirement of the Challenger. This is a remarkableaccomplishment that reflects the efforts and excellence of the Joint Oceanographic Institu-tions, Inc. (prime contractor for ODP), Texas A&M University (science and ship operator),Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (logging operator), and the international sciencecommunity in organizing and planning the new program. It was argued in planning for theODP that a larger drillship was required to provide space for the increasing U.S. andinternational demand for shipboard participation, improved and expanded laboratory capa-bilities, and improvements in coring and logging systems. A larger and better equipped vesselwould also provide better stability and working conditions in high-latitude regions of theoceans. The success of the JOIDES Resolution has proven the wisdom of these earlyarguments.

ODP now has operated in all oceans except the ice-covered Arctic. We have drilled abovethe Arctic circle and within sight of the Antarctic continent. Over 1000 scientists from 25nations have participated in the initial ODP cruises. The larger scientific parties have allowedan increased emphasis on student participation and training aboard ship. The state-of-the-artlaboratories support rapid and complete initial analyses of samples that provide both scientificresults and guide subsequent shore-based studies. Nearly 1000 additional scientists have usedthese data and requested samples from the program's core and data archives for continuingstudy. The geochemical and geophysical logging capability is unsurpassed in either academiaor industry and has provided remarkable new data with which to study the Earth. Newexperiments to measure and monitor geologic processes have been deployed in ODP bore-holes.

The international commitment to ocean drilling has increased in the ODP. In addition toour five partners in IPOD—France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan, the SovietUnion, and the United Kingdom—two consortia have joined ODP: Canada-Australia and theEuropean Science Foundation (representing Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Iceland,Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey). The 20 countriesof the ODP represent the community of nations that have a global interest in the geosciencesand oceanography. This global scientific participation has assured the program's scientific

excellence by focusing and integrating the combined scientific knowledge and capabilities ofthe program's 20 nations. It has allowed problems of a global nature to be addressed byproviding databases and background studies which are openly shared for planning andinterpreting drilling results. It has eased problems of access to territorial waters, allowingcomparative studies to be done among oceans. Finally, the international sharing of programcosts has allowed this important and large program to proceed without detrimental impact tothe research budgets of any one nation.

The Ocean Drilling Program, like its predecessor, DSDP, serves as a model for planning,conducting, and financing research to address problems of global importance. The NationalScience Foundation is proud to have a leading role in this unique international program, andwe look forward to its continuing success.

Walter E. MasseyDirectorNational Science Foundation

Washington, D.C.

ForewordBy Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc.

This volume presents scientific and engineering results from the Ocean Drilling Program(ODP). The papers presented here address the scientific and technical goals of the program,which include providing a global description of geological and geophysical structures includ-ing passive and active margins and sediment history, and studying in detail areas of majorgeophysical activity such as mid-ocean ridges and the associated hydrothermal circulations.

The Ocean Drilling Program, an international activity, operates a specially equippeddeep-sea drilling ship, the JOIDES Resolution (Sedco/BP 471), which contains state-of-the-artlaboratories, equipment, and computers. The ship is 471 feet (144 meters) long, is 70 feet (21meters) wide, and has a displacement of 18,600 short tons. Her derrick towers 211 feet (64meters) above the waterline, and a computer-controlled dynamic-positioning system stabilizesthe ship over a specific location while drilling in water depths up to 27,000 feet (8230 meters).The drilling system collects cores from beneath the seafloor with a derrick and drawworksthat can handle 30,000 feet (9144 meters) of drill pipe. More than 12,000 square feet (1115square meters) of space distributed throughout the ship is devoted to scientific laboratoriesand equipment. The ship sails with a scientific and technical crew of 51 and a ship's crew(including the drill crew) of 62. The size and ice-strengthening of the ship allow drilling inhigh seas and ice-infested areas as well as permitting a large group of multidisciplinaryscientists to interact as part of the scientific party.

Logging, or measurements in the drilled holes, is an important part of the program. ODPprovides a full suite of geochemical and geophysical measurements for every hole deeper than1300 feet (400 meters). For each such hole, there are lowerings of basic oil-industry tools:nuclear, sonic, and electrical. In addition, a borehole televiewer is available for imaging thewall of the hole, a 12-channel logging tool provides accurate velocity and elastic propertymeasurements as well as sonic waveforms for spectral analysis of energy propagation nearthe wall of the hole, and a vertical seismic profiler can record reflectors from below the totaldepth of the hole.

The management of the Ocean Drilling Program involves a partnership of scientists andgovernments. International oversight and coordination are provided by the ODP Council, agovernmental consultative body of the partner countries, which is chaired by a representativefrom the United States National Science Foundation. The ODP Council periodically reviewsthe general progress of the program and discusses financial plans and other managementissues. Overall scientific and management guidance is provided to the operators of theprogram by representatives from the group of institutions involved in the program, called theJoint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES).

The Executive Committee (EXCOM), made up of the administrative heads of the JOIDESinstitutions, provides general oversight for ODP. The Planning Committee (PCOM), with itsadvisory structure, is made up of working scientists and provides scientific advice and detailedplanning. PCOM has a network of panels and working groups that screen drilling proposals,evaluate instrumentation and measurement techniques, and assess geophysical-survey dataand other safety and siting information. PCOM uses the recommendations of the panels andcommittees to select drilling targets, to specify the location and major scientific objectives ofeach two-month drilling segment or leg, and to provide the science operator with nominationsfor co-chief scientists.

Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc. (JOI), a nonprofit consortium of U.S. Oceanographicinstitutions, serves as the National Science Foundation^ prime contractor for ODP. JOI isresponsible for seeing that the scientific objectives, plans, and recommendations of theJOIDES committees are translated into scientific operations consistent with scientific adviceand budgetary constraints. JOI subcontracts the operations of the program to two universities:Texas A&M University and Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia Univer-sity. JOI is also responsible for managing the U.S. contribution to ODP.

Texas A&M University (TAMU) serves as science operator for ODP. In this capacity,TAMU is responsible for planning the specific ship operations, actual drilling schedules, andfinal scientific rosters, which are developed in close cooperation with PCOM and the relevant

panels. The science operator also ensures that adequate scientific analyses are performed onthe cores by maintaining the shipboard scientific laboratories and computers and by providinglogistical and technical support for shipboard scientific teams. Onshore, TAMU managesscientific activities after each leg, is curator for the cores, distributes samples, and coordinatesthe editing and publication of scientific results.

Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO) of Columbia University is responsiblefor the program's logging operation, including processing the data and providing assistanceto scientists for data analysis. The ODP Data Bank, a repository for geophysical data, is alsomanaged by LDGO.

Core samples from ODP and the previous Deep Sea Drilling Project are stored for futureinvestigation at three sites: ODP Pacific and Indian Ocean cores at TAMU, ODP and DSDPAtlantic and Antarctic cores at LDGO, and DSDP Pacific and Indian Ocean cores at theScripps Institution of Oceanography.

Scientific achievements of ODP include new information on early seafloor spreading andhow continents separate and the margins evolve. The oldest Pacific crust has been drilled andsampled. We have new insights into glacial cycles and the fluctuations of ocean currentsthroughout geological time. Many of the scientific goals can be met only with new technology;thus the program has focused on engineering as well as science. To date, ODP engineers havedemonstrated the capability to drill on bare rock at mid-ocean-ridge sites and have developedtechniques for drilling in high-temperature and corrosive regions typical of hydrothermal ventareas. A new diamond coring system promises better core recovery in difficult areas.

In addition, ODP is cooperating closely with other geological and geophysical programs;for example, in 1991 the first hole was drilled by ODP for emplacement of a seismometernear Hawaii for the Ocean Seismic Network. JOI is pleased to have been able to play afacilitating role in the Ocean Drilling Program and its cooperative activities, and we arelooking forward to many new results to come.

D. James BakerPresidentJoint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc.

Washington, D.C.

Preface

The Scientific Results volumes of the Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program containspecialty papers presenting the results of up to one and one-half years of research in variousaspects of scientific ocean drilling. I acknowledge with thanks the authors of the paperspublished in this volume, who thereby have enabled future investigators to gain ready accessto the results of their research.

Each of the papers submitted to a Scientific Results volume undergoes rigorous peer reviewby at least two specialists in the author's research field. A paper typically goes through oneor more revision cycles before being accepted for publication. Our goal is to maintain apeer-review system comparable to those of the most highly regarded journals in the geologicalsciences.

The Editorial Review Board for a Scientific Results volume is responsible for obtainingpeer reviews of papers submitted to the volume. This board usually is made up of the twoco-chief scientists for the cruise, the ODP staff scientist for the cruise, and one externalspecialist who is familiar with the geology of the area investigated. In addition, the ODP staffeditor assigned to the volume helps with any manuscripts that require special attention, suchas those by authors who need assistance with English expression.

Scientific Results volumes may also contain short reports consisting of good data that arenot ready for final interpretation. Papers in this category are segregated in a section in the backof the volume called Data Reports. Although no interpretation is permitted, these papersordinarily contain a section on methodology or procedures. Data Report papers are readcarefully by at least one specialist to make sure they are well organized, comprehensive, anddiscuss the techniques thoroughly.

In acknowledgment of the contributions made by this volume's Editorial Review Board,names of the individual Board members are listed on the title page. Reviewers of manuscriptsfor this volume, whose efforts are so essential to the success of the publication, are listed inthe front portion of the book, without attribution to a particular manuscript.

On behalf of the Ocean Drilling Program, I extend sincere appreciation to members of theEditorial Review Boards and to the reviewers for giving so generously of their time and effortsin ensuring that only papers of high scientific quality are published in the Proceedings.

Philip D. RabinowitzDirectorOcean Drilling ProgramTexas A&M University

College Station, Texas

REVIEWERS FOR THIS VOLUME

William H. AbbottRoger AndersonYutaka AokiDon R. BakerPaul A. BakerJack BaldaufJohn A. BarronRichard BehlSuzanne Beske-DiehlSherman H. BloomerJoyce R. BluefordRichard S. BoettcherGerhard BohrmannP. N. BoothLawrence H. BowenDale E. BuckleyJ. David BukryRobert F. ButlerLaurel M. BybellTimothy ByrneAllan R. CarrollRichard CaseySteven R. ChambersRonald C. ChaneyGeorge E. ClaypoolMax L. ColemanBrian L. CousensJon DavidsonEric de CarloP. L. de BoerAlan L. DeinoMargaret L. DelaneyRoy E. DoveRobert A. DuncanTimothy EglintonGerhard EinseleDonald ElthonKay-Christian EmeisMark V. FilewiczBruce P. FinneyAndrew FisherMartin R. FiskElisabeth FourtanierPhilip FroelichYoshio FukaoMichael FullerJames Gardner

Craig R. GlennMartin GoldhaberJames A. GrauDunja Grbic-GallicKurt A. GrimmBrian HausbackJames R. HeinEileen Hemphill-HaleyNancy W. HinmanTomowo HirasawaEiichi HonzaKiichi HoraiRaymond V. IngersollCaroline M. IsaacsThomas JanecekRobert KarlinAnne Marie KarpoffErie KauffmanLloyd KeigwinMargaret A. KellerKerry KeltsGaku KimuraJohn W. KingHajimu KinoshitaEmily M. KleinStanley A. KlingKenneth KodamaLaura S.L. KongIris KönigMartin B. LagoeMarcus LangsethEric N. LanningWilliam P. LeemanLong-Chen LiangHsin-Yi LingJames F. LuhrStephen MackoKathleen MarsagliaShigenori MaruyamaToshiyuki MasuzawaKevin McCartneyKristin McDougallJudith A. McKenzieHugh McLeanMichael McWilliamsJürgen MienertNaja Mikkelsen

Ted C. Moore, Jr.David W. MurrayJeffrey NieimetzKristen NilssonJames R. O'NeilYujiro OgawaG. OlhoeftJudith Totman ParrishJulian A. PearceMichael R. PerfitMalcolm PringleMichael PurdyStanley R. RiggsWilliam F. RuddimanJames K. RussellKathleen C. RuttenbergRichard O. SackSaneatsu SaitoDavid W. SchollAlan M. ShillerMitsuhiko ShimadaHiroshi ShimizuRaymond SieverBernd SimoneitRichard G. StanleyJohn StixKozo TakahashiYokichi TakayanagiKensaku TamakiYoshiyuki TatsumiElliott TaylorK.F.M. ThompsonPeter R. ThompsonRobert S. ThompsonToshiro TonimotoZafer TopAlfred TraverseSeiya UyedaJ. Robie VestalJim WalkerPaul WallaceE. Timothy WallinDetlef A. WarnkeWuchang WeiMasashi Yasui

Publishers Note: Current policy requires that artwork published in Scientific Results volumes of theProceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program be furnished by authors in final camera-ready form.

OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM

MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS OF THE JOINTOCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS FORDEEP EARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES):

University of California at San Diego, Scripps Institutionof Oceanography

Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty GeologicalObservatory

University of Hawaii, School of Ocean and Earth Scienceand Technology

University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine andAtmospheric Science

Oregon State University, College of Oceanography

University of Rhode Island, Graduate School ofOceanography

Texas A&M University, College of Geosciences andMaritime Studies

University of Texas at Austin, Institute for Geophysics

University of Washington, College of Ocean and FisherySciences

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Canada/Australia Consortium for the Ocean DrillingProgram, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources(Canada) and Department of Primary Industries andEnergy (Australia)

European Science Foundation Consortium for OceanDrilling, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Italy,Greece, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland, and Turkey

Federal Republic of Germany, Bundesanstalt fürGeowissenschaften und Rohstoffe

France, Institut Français de Recherche pour 1'Exploitationde la Mer

Japan, University of Tokyo, Ocean Research Institute

Russia, Academy of Sciences

United Kingdom, Natural Environment Research Council

PRIME CONTRACTORJoint Oceanographic Institutions, Inc.Washington, D.C.

Thomas E. PyleDirector, Ocean Drilling Programs

OPERATING INSTITUTIONCollege of Geosciences and Maritime StudiesTexas A&M UniversityCollege Station, Texas

Robert A. DuceDean

OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM

Philip D. RabinowitzDirector

Timothy J.G. FrancisDeputy Director

Richard G. McPhersonAdministrator

Jack G. Baldauf, ManagerScience Operations

Barry W. Harding, ManagerEngineering and Drilling Operations

Russell B. Merrill, Curator and ManagerScience Services

Robert E. Olivas, ManagerTechnical and Logistics Support

LOGGING OPERATORBorehole Research GroupLamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades, New York

Roger N. Anderson, Head

PARTICIPANTS ABOARD THE JOIDES RESOLUTION FOR LEG 127*

Kensaku TamakiCo-Chief Scientist

Ocean Research InstituteUniversity of Tokyo1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano-kuTokyo 164Japan

Kenneth A. PisciottoCo-Chief Scientist

7547 Terrace DriveEl Cerrito, California 94530

James AllanODP Staff Scientist/Igneous Petrologist

Ocean Drilling ProgramTexas A&M University1000 Discovery DriveCollege Station, Texas 77845-9547

Joanne M. AlexandrovichPaleontologist (radiolarians)

Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades, New York 10964

David A. BarnesSedimentologist

Department of GeologyWestern Michigan UniversityKalamazoo, Michigan 49008

Sam BoggsSedimentologist

Department of Geological SciencesUniversity of OregonEugene, Oregon 97403

Hans-Jürgen BrumsackInorganic Geochemist

Geochemisches InstitutUniversitat GöttingenGoldschmidtstrasse 1D-3400 GöttingenFederal Republic of Germany

Charlotte A. BrunnerPaleontologist (planktonic foraminifers)

Center for Marine ScienceUniversity of Southern MississippiStennis Space CenterBay St. Louis, Mississippi 39529

Adrian CrampSedimentologist

Department of OceanographyUniversity CollegeSwansea SA2 8PPUnited Kingdom

Laurent JolivetSedimentologist

Department of GeologyEcole Normale Supérieure24 rue Lhomond75505 Paris CedexFrance

Orest E. KawkaOrganic Geochemist

College of OceanographyOregon State UniversityCorvallis, Oregon 97331-5503

Itaru KoizumiPaleontologist (diatoms)

Institute of Geological SciencesCollege of General EducationOsaka UniversityToyonaka, Osaka 5560Japan

Shin'ichi KuramotoPhysical Properties Specialist

Ocean Research InstituteUniversity of Tokyo1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano-kuTokyo 164Japan

Marcus G. LangsethPhysical Properties Specialist


James McEvoyOrganic Geochemist

School of Ocean SciencesUniversity College of North WalesMenai BridgeAnglesey LL59 5EYUnited Kingdom

Jeffrey A. MeredithLogging Scientist

Earth Resources LaboratoryMassachusetts Institute of Technology42 Carleton StreetCambridge, Massachusetts 02142

Karl A. Mertz, Jr.Sedimentologist

Department of GeologyMiami UniversityOxford, Ohio 45056

*Addresses at time of cruise.

Richard W. MurrayInorganic Geochemist

Department of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of California, BerkeleyBerkeley, California 94720

David C. NobesPhysical Properties Specialist

Department of Earth Sciences andDepartment of Physics

University of WaterlooWaterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1Canada

Atiur RahmanPaleontologist (nannofossils)

Department of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, Utah 84112-1183

Ralph SchaarLDGO Logging Scientist


Kathryn P. StewartIgneous Petrologist

Department of Geology and GeophysicsUniversity of AdelaideG.P.O. Box 498Adelaide, South Australia 5001

Ryuji TadaSedimentologist

Geological InstituteUniversity of TokyoFaculty of Science7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113Japan

Peter ThyIgneous Petrologist

Johnson Space Center SN2NASAHouston, Texas 77058

Luigi VigliottiPaleomagnetist

Istituto di Geologia MarinaConsiglio Nazionale D'RicercheVia Zamboni 651-40127 BolognaItaly

Lisa D. WhitePaleontologist (diatoms)

Earth Sciences Board of StudiesUniversity of California, Santa CruzSanta Cruz, California 95064

Jobst J.M. WippernPaleomagnetist

Institut Angewandte GeophysikUniversitat MünchenTheresienstrasse 41D-8000 München 2Federal Republic of Germany

Shigeru YamashitaIgneous Petrologist

Earthquake Research InstituteUniversity of Tokyo1-1-1 Yay oi, Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113Japan

SEDCO OFFICIALS

Captain Edwin G. OonkMaster of the Drilling Vessel

Underseas Drilling, Inc.707 Texas Avenue SouthSuite 103DCollege Station, Texas 77840-1917

Kenneth D. HorneDrilling Superintendent


PARTICIPANTS ABOARD THE JOIDES RESOLUTION FOR LEG 128*

James C. Ingle, Jr.Co-Chief Scientist

Department of GeologyStanford UniversityStanford, California 94305

Kiyoshi SuyehiroCo-Chief Scientist

Ocean Research InstituteUniversity of Tokyo1-15-1 Minamidai Nakano-KuTokyo 164Japan

Marta T. von BreymannODP Staff Scientist/Inorganic Geochemist

Ocean Drilling ProgramTexas A&M University1000 Discovery DriveCollege Station, TX 77845-9547

James S. BristowLDGO Logging Scientist

Borehole Research GroupLamont Doherty Geological ObservatoryColumbia UniversityPalisades, New York 10964

Lloyd H. BurcklePaleontologist (diatoms)


Jacques CharvetSedimentologist

Laboratoire de Géologie StructuraleUniversité d'Orleans45067Orleans Cedex 2France

Barry A. CraggMicrobiologist

Scottish Marine Biological AssociationP.O. Box 3Oban, Argyll P434 4ADUnited Kingdom

Peter B. deMenocalLogging Scientist


Robert B. DunbarSedimentologist

Department of Geology and GeophysicsRice UniversityP.O. Box 1892Houston, Texas 77251-1892

Karl B. FöllmiSedimentologist

Geologisches InstitutEidgenossische Technische HochschuleSonneggstrasse 5CH-8092 ZurichSwitzerland

John R. GriffinLogging Scientist

Department of GeologyUniversity of NebraskaLincoln, Nebraska 68588-0340

Kurt A. GrimmSedimentologist

Earth Sciences BoardUniversity of California, Santa CruzSanta Cruz, California 95064

Yozo HamanoPaleomagnetist

Geophysical InstituteUniversity of TokyoFaculty of ScienceTokyo, Bunkyo-ku 113Japan

Naoshi HirataPhysical Properties Specialist

Department of Earth SciencesChiba University1-33 Yayoi-choChiba 260Japan

Peter HollerPhysical Properties Specialist

Geologisches-Palaontologisches InstitutUniversitàt KielOlshausenstrasse 40D-2300 KielFederal Republic of Germany

Caroline M. IsaacsSedimentologist

U.S. Geological Survey345 Middlefield RoadMenlo Park, California 94025

Michio KatoPaleontologist (foraminifers)

Department of GeologyKanazawa University1-1 MarunouchiKanazawa City 920Japan

*Addresses at time of cruise.

Richard KettlerInorganic Geochemist

Department of GeologyUniversity of NebraskaLincoln, Nebraska 68588-0340

Tara KheradyarPaleontologist (foraminifers)

Department of GeologyStanford UniversityStanford, California 94305

Klaus A.O. KrumsiekPaleomagnetist

Geologisches InstitutUniversistàt KölnZulpicherstrasse 495000 Köln 1Federal Republic of Germany

Hsin-Yi LingPaleontologist

Department of GeologyNorthern Illinois UniversityDekalb, Illinois 60115

Ryo MatsumotoSedimentologist

Geological InstituteUniversity of TokyoFaculty of ScienceHongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113Japan

Jay P. MuzaPaleontologist (nannofossils)

Department of GeologyFlorida State UniversityTallahassee, Florida 32306

Ronald J. ParkesMicrobiologist

Scottish Marine Biological AssociationP.O. Box 3Oban, Argyll P434 4ADUnited Kingdom

Andre PoucletIgneous Petrologist

Département de Sciences de la TerreUniversité d' OrleansB.P. 657945067 Orleans Cedex 2France

Steven D. ScottIgneous Petrologist

Earth Sciences CentreUniversity of Toronto22 Russell StreetToronto, Ontario M5S 3B1Canada

Ruediger SteinInorganic Geochemist

Institut für Geowissenschaften und LithospharenforschungUniversitat GiessenSenckenbergstrasse 3D-6300 GiessenFederal Republic of Germany

Anne A. SturzInorganic Geochemist

Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of California, San DiegoLa Jolla, California 92093-0215

SEDCO OFFICIALS

Captain Anthony RibbensMaster of the Drilling Vessel


Jack TarbuttonDrilling Superintendent


Leg 127 Leg 128

ODP ENGINEERING AND OPERATIONSPERSONNEL

ODP ENGINEERING AND OPERATIONSPERSONNEL

Glen N. Foss Operations Superintendent

ODP TECHNICAL AND LOGISTICSPERSONNEL

Larry BernsteinStacey CervantesMary Ann CusimanoKenneth du VailNicholas EvansJenny GlasserBurney HamlinMichiko HitchcoxJia-Yuh LiuMatt MefferdPeggy MyreLuis Pinto AlvarezMike ReitmeyerMark C. SimpsonDon SimsBarry WeberCharles Williamson

Computer System ManagerPhotographerChemistry TechnicianMarine TechnicianMarine TechnicianMarine TechnicianLaboratory OfficerYeopersonMarine TechnicianAssistant Laboratory OfficerCuratorial RepresentativeChemistry TechnicianElectronics TechnicianMarine TechnicianMarine TechnicianElectronics TechnicianMarine Technician

Eugene PollardHiroshi Matsuoka

Drilling SuperintendentSpecial Tools Engineer

ODP TECHNICAL AND LOGISTICSPERSONNEL

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xvπ

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 127/128—SCIENTIFIC RESULTS (PART 1)(Synthesis papers are located in Part 2, irrespective of subject matter)

SECTION 1: SEDIMENTOLOGY

1. Impact of silica diagenesis on physical property variations 3D. C. Nobes, R. W. Murray, S. Kuramoto, K. A. Pisciotto, and P. Holler

2. Textures, microstructures, and lithologies of Japan Sea sediments from the lower portion ofHole 799B, Leg 128 33J. R. Griffin and N. Lindsley-Griffin

3. Thermal history of Japan Sea sediments from isotopic studies of diagenetic silica andassociated pore waters 49K. A. Pisciotto, R. W. Murray, and H.-J. Brumsack

4. Preparation of weakly consolidated, laminated hemipelagic sediment for high-resolutionvisual microanalysis: an analytical method 57K. A. Grimm

5. Phosphates and glauconites of Sites 798 and 799 63K. B. Föllmi and M. von Breymann

6. Diagenetic dolomite, calcite, rhodochrosite, magnesite, and lansfordite from Site 799, JapanSea— implications for depositional environments and the diagenesis of organic-richsediments 75R. Matsumoto

7. Provenance of Miocene sandstones from Sites 796, 797, and 799, Japan Sea 99S. Boggs, Jr., and A. Seyedolali

8. Sedimentology, phenocryst chemistry, and age—Miocene "Blue Tuff: Sites 794 and 796,Japan Sea 115D. A. Barnes, P. Thy, and P. Renne

9. Diagenetic albitization, zeolitization, and replacement in Miocene sandstones, Sites 796,797, and 799, Japan Sea 131S. Boggs, Jr., and A. Seyedolali

SECTION 2: PALEOENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

10. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy from the Japan Sea, Sites 798 and 799: evidence foran oscillating Pleistocene Oceanographic frontal boundary 155J. P. Muza

11. Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of Leg 127 in the Japan Sea 171A. Rahman

12. Paleoenvironment and biostratigraphy of foraminifers at Sites 794, 795, 796, and 797 in theJapan Sea 187C. A. Brunner

13. Radiolarians from the Sea of Japan: Leg 128 225H.-Y. Ling

14. Late Neogene silicoflagellates and ebridians from Leg 128, Sea of Japan 237H.-Y. Ling

15. Diatom biostratigraphy of the Japan Sea: Leg 127 249I. Koizumi

16. Radiolarians from Sites 794, 795, 796, and 797 (Japan Sea) 291J. M. Alexandrovich

17. Dissolution and preservation of diatoms in the Sea of Japan and the effect on sedimentthanatocoenosis 309L. H. Burckle, A. Sturz, and G. Emanuele

18. Preliminary results of high-resolution pollen analyses of selected Pleistocene intervals fromHoles 798A, 798B, and 798C 317L. E. Heusser

19. Neogene palynology of Holes 794A, 795 A, and 797B in the Sea of Japan: stratigraphic andpaleoenvironmental implications of the preliminary results 325L. E. Heusser

20. Pliocene and Pleistocene abundance and preservation of siliceous microfossil assemblagesfrom Sites 794, 795, and 797: implications for circulation and productivity in the Japan Sea . 341L. D. White and J. M. Alexandrovich

21. Diatom biostratigraphy: Leg 128 359L. H. Burckle

22. Benthic foraminifers from the Japan Sea: Leg 128 365M. Kato

23. Paleoclimatic applications of downhole logs: Pliocene-Pleistocene results from Hole 798B,Sea of Japan 393P. B. deMenocal, J. F. Bristow, and R. Stein

24. Pliocene-Pleistocene fluctuations in composition and accumulation rates of eolo-marinesediments at Site 798 (Oki Ridge, Sea of Japan) and climatic change: preliminary results . . 409M. Dersch and R. Stein

25. Late Cenozoic changes in flux rates and composition of organic carbon at Sites 798 and 799(Sea of Japan) 423R. Stein and R. Stax

26. Late Pliocene-Quaternary biosiliceous sedimentation at Site 798, Japan Sea 439R. B. Dunbar, P. B. deMenocal, and L. Burckle

27. Pleistocene planktonic foraminiferal assemblages and paleotemperature fluctuationsin Japan Sea, Site 798 457T. Kheradyar

28. Miocene pollen stratigraphy of Leg 127 in the Japan Sea and comparison with the standardNeogene pollen floras of Northeast Japan 471T. Yamanoi

29. Miocene benthic foraminifers at Sites 794, 795, and 797 in the Sea of Japan with referenceto the Foram Sharp Line in the Honshu arc 493R. Nomura

30. Siliceous sponge spicules from Site 795 541R. Zolnik, K. McCartney, and L. D. White

SECTION 3: DARK AND LIGHT CYCLES

31. High-resolution imaging of laminated biosiliceous sediments and their paleoceanographicsignificance (Quaternary, Site 798, Oki Ridge, Japan Sea) 547K. A. Grimm

32. Dark-light rhythms in the sediments of the Japan Sea: preliminary results from Site 798, withsome additional results from Sites 797 and 799 559K. B. Föllmi, A. Cramp, K. E. Föllmi, J. M. Alexandrovich, C. Brunner, L. H. Burckle, M. Casey,P. deMenocal, R. B. Dunbar, K. A. Grimm, P. Holler, J. C. Ingle, Jr., T. Kheradyar, J. McEvoy,D. C. Nobes, R. Stein, R. Tada, M. T. von Breymann, and L. D. White

33. Correlation of dark and light layers, and the origin of their cyclicity in the Quaternarysediments from the Japan Sea 577R. Tada, I. Koizumi, A. Cramp, and A. Rahman

SECTION 4: GEOCHEMISTRY

34. Geochemistry of sediments and interstitial waters from Oki Ridge and Kita-Yamato Trough,Japan Sea 605A. A. Sturz, B. B. Hanan, and G. Emanuele

35. Pyrolytic assay of samples from Site 799 623B. J. Katz

36. Stable and radiogenic isotopes in pore waters from Leg 127, Japan Sea 635H.-J. Brumsack, E. Zuleger, E. Gohn, and R. W. Murray

37. Depositional and diagenetic behavior of barium in the Japan Sea 651M. T. von Breymann, H. Brumsack, and K. C. Emeis

38. Geochemistry and petrology of organic matter in Miocene to Quaternary deep seasediments from the Japan Sea (Sites 798 and 799) 667E. Lichtfouse, R. Littke, U. Disko, H. Willsch, J. Rullkötter, and R. Stein

39. Rare earth, major, and trace element composition of Leg 127 sediments 677R. W. Murray, M. R. Buchholtz ten Brink, H.-J. Brumsack, D. C. Gerlach, and G. P. Russ III

40. Causes of the oxygen isotopic depletion of interstitial waters from Sites 798 and 799,Japan Sea, Leg 128 697R. Matsumoto

41. Trace-element geochemistry of sediments and sulfur isotope geochemistry of framboidalpyrite from Site 795, Leg 127, Japan Sea 705T. Masuzawa, J. Takada, and R. Matsushita

42. Geochemistry of rare earths and other trace elements in sediments from Sites 798 and 799,Japan Sea 719Y. Minai, R. Matsumoto, Y. Watanabe, and T. Tominaga

43. Mössbauer characterization of sediments from Sites 798 and 799, Japan Sea 739Y. Minai, I. Kusudo, R. Matsumoto, H. Sato, and T. Tominaga

44. Helium isotope ratios of pore gases in deep-sea sediments, Leg 128 747Y. Sano, M. Sakamoto, J. Ishibashi, H. Wakita, and R. Matsumoto

SECTION 5: MICROBIOLOGY

45. The potential for bacteria growth in deep sediment layers of the Japan Sea, Hole 7 9 8 B —Leg 128 755J. M. Getliff, J. C. Fry, B. A. Cragg, and R. J. Parkes

46. Bacterial biomass and activity in the deep sediment layers of the Japan Sea, Hole 798B . . . 761B. A. Cragg, S. M. Harvey, J. C. Fry, R. A. Herbert, and R. J. Parkes

Back-Pocket Foldout*

Chapter 22:

Table 2. Abundance and occurrence of benthic foraminifers, Leg 128, Hole 798B.

Table 3. Abundance and occurrence of benthic foraminifers, Leg 128, Hole 799A.

Back-Pocket Microfiche*

Chapter 19:

Appendix A. Preliminary counts of pollen and pollen concentration from Hole 794A.

Appendix B. Preliminary counts of pollen and pollen concentration from Hole 795 A.

Appendix C. Preliminary counts of pollen and pollen concentration from Hole 797B.

*Back-pocket foldout and microfiche are found in the back of Part 2.

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