PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING ANDCONSTRUCTION CONFERENCE/HONOLULU/HAWAII/24-27 JANUARY 2001

Creative Systems in Structuraland Construction EngineeringEdited by

Amarjit SinghUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEKHANNOVER

TECHNISCHEINFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK

I A.A. BALKEMA / ROTTERDAM / BROOKFIELD / 2001

Creative Systems in Structural and Construction Engineering, Singh (ed.)©2001 Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 58091619

Table of contents

Preface XVII

Acknowledgements XIX

Scientific and Technical Committee XX

1 Keynote papers

Better constructed facilities through improved education 3R.N.White

New computing paradigms for innovative construction and structural engineering 13HAdeli

2 Ethics and education

Ethics in engineering today 21/. Belis & R. Van Impe

Ethics - Essential quality of the civil engineering profession 27ZCywinski

Mentorship: An empowerment tool for emerging contractors in a developing country 31ACHauptfleisch

Development and delivery of an engineering project management course for Indonesian 37nationalsWAYoung, CF.Duffield & B.Trigunarsyah

Generic and specific IT training: Capability alignment using process protocol 43J.S.Goulding & MAlshawi

Use of Mathcad as a teaching and learning tool for project scheduling 49AB.Senouci

3 Housing and architecture

Prefabricated housing in developing countries: India 57EKoehn&M.Soni

Study on the housing business operation by Consumers' Life Cooperative Association 63in JapanKOhnishi

Product orientation in housing construction - More competitive edge with innovative 69products and methodsJ.T.Pekkanen & P.S.Pernu

Architectural design of structural masonry buildings 73S. L Machado & H. R. Roman

An educational computer design tool for the passive thermal design of housing 77/. L Steenkamp &AC. Malherbe

Ecological and quality oriented planning and building 81V.Premzl

4 Constructability and design-construction

Constructability issues in Indonesian construction 89B.Trigunarsyah &D.M.Young

Barriers to the implementation of constructability in project procurement 95T.Y.F.Ma, P.T.LLam&AP.CChan

Integrating services design to simplify the use of manufacturing 101MJ.Mawdesley, ABrankovic, G.Long & G.Connolly

Integrated design, production and safety in reinforced concrete structures: Operating tools 107and real experiencesA Gottfried & B. M. Marino

Avoiding structural design failures as a contractor's engineer 113DACuoco

Design and construction of the Intensively Rammed Composite Foundation (IRCF) 117ZQ.Xie, Q.M.Zhang & M.D.Li

5 Construction methods

Modeling construction strategies for large concrete highrise projects 123A Udaipurwala &AD. Russell

Wharf embankment and strengthening program at Port of Oakland 129F.Lobedan

Microtunnel - Recouping from pitfalls 135HHessing

The leakage-proof way of concrete 141M.C.Chen, Y.LZhan & W.CShih

Differences between steel vs concrete bridge and transitway construction management 147K. H.Dunne

VI

A review on common technology employed for the construction of buildings in Hong Kong 153R.W.M.Wong

6 Construction contracting and practice

Intelligent agent applications in construction engineering 161CJAnumba, O.O.Ugwu,ZRen &LNewnham

Predicament of developing and sustaining local technical carriers in the construction industry 167of Saudi ArabiaIAl-Hammad

Risk and remuneration of authorized persons in Hong Kong 171S.-O.Cheung, K-CLam, S.-S.Wong & S.-H.Wong

A hierarchy fuzzy MCDM method for studying Taipei Rapid Transit System 177contracting modelH.-M.Shieh&H.-K.Ku

Demystifying 'best value' - A contractor selection perspective 183E. Palaneeswaran, X. Q. Zhang & M. Kumaraswamy

7 Performance improvement

A framework for evaluating design project performance 191A Robinson Fayek & Z Sun

Determinants of construction planning effectiveness 195O.O.Faniran

Performance-reason-process model for managing design 201AS.Chang

Project management improvement - A case study of a large contractor in Hong Kong 207H. Y. Sam, K. WWong &P.C. Chan

A decision framework for construction technology selection 213M.Hastak, SGokhale, ESener & VThakkallapalli

8 Procurement and project management

An overview of procurement systems in Hong Kong 221AP.CChan, E.H.K.Yung, T.Y.F.Ma & P.T.LLam

An investigation into the application of total quality management within small and medium 227sized constructional organisationsN.Chileshe & P.Watson

Motivational factors in Australian construction industry workforce 233S.Saha, W.Cruickshanks &R.R.Wakefield

VII

Proposed support framework for the procurement of public-private partnered infrastructureprojects .X.Q.Zhang & M.M.Kumaraswamy

Transit project success criteriaJ.AKuprenas, ANowroozi & E.B.Nasr

9 Cost Systems -1

The effect of a new prompt-pay measure on the contractor's cash flowATouran & I.Bhurisith

Cost saving using principles of value engineering in the construction industryN.Bokaie, M.F.Samara & CSPutcha

Decision analysis of competitive bidding in constructionH.-P.Lo &M.-LLam

An investigation of industry practices on change order markup allowancesA Robinson Fayek & M.Y.Nkuah

Why do fabricators loose money on tubular trusses?R.H.Keays

10 Cost Systems-II

A fuzzy logic decision-support system for competitive tenderingM. Wanous, A H. Boussabaine & J. Lewis

A cost model for predicting earthquake damageATouran, U.Kadakal &N.Kishi

Modeling of construction cost estimating for shared AEC modelsT.M.Froese &K.Q.Yu

The necessity for accuracy in building investigations: A case studyE. C. Stovner, G. G. Thater, E. E. Velivasakis & J. M. Coil

A new project cost forecasting model in ChinaGWang

11 Planning and knowledge management

The impact of out of sequence work on linear construction projectsAD.Russell, AUdaipurwala, M.Dimitrijevic & W.Wong

Decision rules for site layout planningAW.T.Leung, CMJam & T.FLLTong

Knowledge management in a multi-project environment in constructionJ.M.Kamara, C.JAnumba & P.M.Carrillo

VIII

Stochastic simulation and schedule optimization 327N. M. Cachadinha

Database approach for construction data management 333AChandran & M.Hastak

12 Information technology

Development and utilization of information technology systems in construction 341J.Christian

A prototype portal to web based collaborative engineering 347ZTurk & T.Cerovsek

The impact and potential of the Internet for civil and structural engineers 353DMLilley

An integrated web-based virtual model to support water treatment projects 359GAouad, M. Sun, N.Bakis & W.Swan

A study acquiring for 3-dimension data by measurement method using digital 365camera and GPSHMuraki, S.Tanaka, H.Furuta & E.Kitagawa

Computers in construction: Strategy or technology? 371V.Ahmed

13 Safety and quality

Education of design professionals on construction safety 377M.AUsmen, SBaradan & T.Dikec

A performance approach to construction worker safety and health - A survey of international 381legislative trendsT.CHaupt&RJ.Coble

Safety deficiency during construction and their effects on life span of buildings 387J. A Igba, X. LLiu&D.P. Fang

XML based database system for accident cases in construction of prestressed concrete 393bridgesM.Hirokane, A Miyamoto, H.Konishi & Y.Fujioka

Quality management tools vs ISO 9000 in the construction industry 399S.Saha, M.Glading &R.R.Wakefield

Recent technological systems and safety in cultural heritage building restoration 405R.G.Lagana

14 Concrete mixes

Effectiveness of admixtures on the reduction of drying shrinkage of concrete 413CVidela & CAguilar

IX

Performance of high alumina concrete in sulphate environmentA B. M. Diah, N.A Zakaria, N. MAdlan, M. LA Pitchay & K. B. Kamarulzaman

Voids in coarse aggregates: An aspect overlooked in the ACI method of concrete mix designZWadud,AF.M.S.Amin & SAhmad

High performance grouts for durable post-tensioningAJ. Schokker, J. £ Breen & M. E. Kreger

Conductive concrete for bridge deck deicing and anti-icingSAYehia & CY.Tuan

Effect of loading rates on the compressive strength of high strength concreteY.Onggara & LPatnaikuni

15 Material enhancement

Strengthening of RC beams with CFRP sheets or fabricPAlagusundaramoorthy, I.E.Harik, S.Morton & R.Thompson

Service life of bridge decks constructed with epoxy coated rebars" F.S.Fanous&H.-C.Wu

Repair of cracked steel girder using CFRP sheetM.Tavakkolizadeh & H.Saadatmanesh

Failure behavior of RC T-beams retrofitted with carbon FRP sheetsA Saber

Using Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) reinforcing bars in RC beams and slabsMA Ddvila-Sanhdars

Shear behavior of RC beam strengthened with CFRP gridAYonekwra, Y.Kawauchi, S.Okada, M.Suzuki & K.Zaitsu

16 Concrete material behavior

Experimental study on different dowel techniques for shear transfer in wood-concretecomposite beamsN.Gattesco

Microstructure model for estimating early-age concrete strengthS. D. Hwang, K. M. Lee, J. K. Kim & J. H. Kim

Application of nonlinear fracture mechanics on concrete structuresAS.Morgan, J.Niwa, T.Ishikawa & T.Tanaba

Torsional capacity of normal and high-strength concrete deep beams - General reviewTASamman

Further insight into flexural bond behavior of prestressed concrete beamsLRAWeerasekera & R.ELoov

Experimental study on deterioration of concrete structure due to acid rainYAkira, KTakewaka, T.Sato & T.Yamaguchi

17 Soils and pavement analysis

Using the AHP to prioritize pavement maintenance activities 525A El-Assaly & A Hammad

The estimation of deflections and stresses in paved surfaces 531I.Spacapan & M.Premrov

Calcrete as sustainable road building material for Botswana 537CT.Ganesan

An analysis of grid structure on elastic foundation 543M.H.Nam, M.O.Kang, Y.H.Lee,D.H.Ha & Y.KRyoo

Real-time tracking for compaction of superpave mixes 549AAOloufa

Soil-structure interaction: A neural-fuzzy model to deal with uncertainties in footing 555settlement predictionP.Provenzano

18 Structural design issues

Truck weight limits and bridge infrastructure demands 563G.Fu, J.Feng, W.Dekelbab, F.Moses, H.Cohen & D.Mertz

The quest for quality in timber roof structures in South Africa 569A C. Malherbe &I.L Steenkamp

Development of new supporting detail for base columns which ensures superior flexibility 575to the columns without failureHHotta, H.Ikebukuro & D.Nomura

Design of a PC box girder bridge with corrugated steel webs in Hanshin Expressway 581A Nanjo, H. Iguchi, H. Kobayashi, J. D. Zhang, A Shoji, K. Kobayashi & A Kurita

The effect of a construction defect on the strength and behaviour of masonry structures 587F.A Santos, B. P. Sinha & H. R. Roman

Seismic resistance test of beam-column connections for concrete-filled steel-box columns 593L-Y.Lu,L-LChung, C-H.Yeh & Y.-ZWang

19 Computer algorithms and fuzzy theory applications

Reliability assessment of concrete structures by using fuzzy theory and genetic algorithms 601F.Biondini, F.Bontempi & P.G.Malerba

Simplified algebraic method for computing eigenpair sensitivities of damped systems 607H.K.Jo,M.G.Ko&I.W.Lee

Minimum weight design of portal frames using a genetic algorithm 613KKoyama, HGoto & SKikuta

Optimization of perforated walls for maximal fundamental frequency via genetic algorithms 617CCChen

XI

Development of rate-dependent constitutive model for elastomersAF.M.S.Amin, M.S.Alam & Y.Okui

Computer modeling of simply supported composite beamS. Kamalanandan & I. Patnaikuni

20 Structural analysis by special methods

A second-order fourth-moment reliability index 637Y.-G.Zhao & T.Ono

Limit analysis of reinforced concrete columns by the yield line theory 643SXJehara, KSakino & F.Esaki

Limit analysis of conical-shaped steel water tanks based on linear programming 649ZShi&M.Nakano

Dynamic optimization of a container crane structure 655D.Dinevski, MOblak & I.Gubensek

Stability analysis of continuous compression members by beam analogy method 661S.-G.Lee, S.-C.Kim & K.-I.Lee

Progressive collapse of concrete frames using the Particle Flow Code 667MADdvila-Sanhdars & Y.Zhuge

21 Structural behavior of structural elements

Ultimate strength of reinforced concrete circular and rectangular columns 675R.V.Jarquio

Seismic response of asymmetric frame building designed according to eurocodes 681V.Kilar

Elastic stability of half-through girder bridges 687ZVrcelj, MABradford & H.R.Ronagh

Structural behavior of repaired cooling tower shell 693T.Hara, S.Kato & M.Ohya

Conditions for desirable structures based on a concept of load transfer courses 699KTakahashi

22 Structural dynamics

Hydroelastic vibration of multiple circular plates coupled with fluid 705K.-H.Jeong, G.-M.Lee, K.-B.Park & M.-J.Jhung

Seismic behavior analysis of a bridge considering abutment-soil interaction 711S.-H.Kim, S.-W.Lee, J.-H.Won, H.-S.Mha & K-H.Kyung

Structural behaviour of railway track subject to transient loading 717DMLilley

XII

Semi-active tuned vibration absorbers for vibration control of force and base excited 723structuresM.Setareh

Estimation of structural dynamic responses from partial measurements 729K-T.Yang&H.-SKim

23 Seismic response of structural elements

A simplified approach to the analysis of torsional problems in seismic base isolated structures 737T.Trombetti, CCeccoli & SSilvestri

Seismic evaluating of bridges using ambient vibration measurement 743Y.GWang&J.HZhang

Seismic behavior of a high-performance composite frame building made with advanced 749cementitious compositesV.Kilar & N.Krstulovic-Opara

Experimental research for the seismic enhancement of circular RC bridge piers in moderate 757seismicity regionsY.SChung, J.H.Park, C.B.Cho, Y.G.Kim &N.S.Kim

Seismic response analysis of an arch dam with effects of nonlinear contraction joint behavior 763T.Nishiuchi

Seismic performance of hybrid RC columns confined in aramid fiber reinforced polymer 769square tubeT.Yamakawa & P.Zhong

24 Mechanical behavior

True parabolic stress method of analysis in reinforced concrete 777R.V.Jarquio

Numerical equations for member design of concrete filled steel tubular columns 783M. Chao & J. Q. Zhang

An experimental study on the strength of grouted conduit connections under cyclic axial 789loadingF.N.Rad&R.R.Imper

Nondestructive strength evaluation of early-age concrete using longitudinal wave velocity 793H. K. Lee, K. M. Lee &D.S. Kim

Elastic analysis of isotropic infinite plane with two circular holes by using constraint-release 797techniqueT.Tsutsumi & KHirashima

Effects of partial shear connection on the dynamic response of semi-continuous composite 801beamsB.Uy&AChan

XIII

25 Concrete shear

Research of shear-lag effect in curved box girder with variation calculus 809D.Peng &H.Yan

Failure mechanism in I-beam subjected to transverse bending 815SNakano & EKishimoto

Ductility versus shear strength of partially prestressed concrete bridge piers 821W.AZatar & H.Mutsuyoshi

Cyclic loading test of wall type piers with several configuration types of shear reinforcement 827T.Watanabe, T.Fujiwara, T.Tsuyoshi & T.Ishibashi

Anchor effectiveness of inclined meshes as concrete web reinforcement 833F.J.Orozco & W.C.McCarthy

26 Steel structures

Learning from structural failures 841D.ACuoco

Simple analytical method of super steel frame 845XHJu, T.KMitsukura, HYokota, KLGoto & Y.CZhang

A sensitivity study in advanced analysis of steel frames comprising non-compact sections 851Q.Xue & M. Mahendran

Effects of initial imperfections on local and global buckling behaviors of thin-walled 857membersM.Ohga, ATakaue, H.Izawa & T.Hara

Numerical analysis on fatigue failure modes in load-carrying fillet welded cruciform joints 863SKainuma, T.Mori & Y.Itoh

27 Structural behavior of bridges

Improved capacity determination of historic steel truss bridges 871C. M. Bowen & M. D. Engelhardt

Bridges emerging from the structural cooperation between straight and curved 877superstructuresF.Biondini, F.Bontempi & P.GMalerba

Stability of composite bridge girders 883H. R. Ronagh & M.A Bradford

Micromechanics of fatigue failure in steel bridges 889K.M.Mahmoud

The effects of fabrication and construction on curved bridge behavior 893D.GLinzell

Search for fundamental patterns in bridge structural design 899ABaseggio, M.Gambini, F.Biondini, F.Bontempi & P.GMalerba

XIV

28 Structural behavior of plates and slabs

Lightweight perforated infill panels for retrofit of flat-plate buildings 907F.KHumay & AJ.Durrani

Time-dependent behavior of reinforced concrete flat slabs at service loads - An experimental 913studyR.I.Gilbert

Estimation for influence of initial imperfections to ultimate strength of high tensile steel plates 919subjected to uniform compressionT.Kaita, KFujii & IArio

On reinforcement of square steel plates with a hole under cyclic shearing force 925KFujii, M.Nakamura, MUenoya &Ronny

Stress analysis of precast slabs subjected to bending and torsion 931DAUy & SNakano

Instabilities in continuous composite beams induced by quasi-viscoelastic slab behaviour 937MABradford & ZVrcelj

29 Inelastic behavior of structures

Numerical modeling for large displacement analysis of inelastic structures 945Y.J.Chiou, PA Hsiao & Y.LChen

Plasticity model for reinforced concrete elements subjected to overloads 951A /. Karabinis &P.D. Kiousis

Elastoplastic analysis of cable-strut structures as a mathematical programming problem 957F.Tin-Loi&S.H.Xia

Nonlinear analysis of load-carrying capacity for composite beams with partial interaction 963Y.Okui, KSeki & D.CPeckley

Strength and behavior of slender SRC beam-columns 969KTsuda, T.Fujinaga&D.Fukuma

RC column retrofit technique by PC rod prestressing as external hoops 975T.Yamakawa, M.Kurashige, S.Kamogawa, T.Tagawa & W.Li

30 Mechanical behavior of damaged structures

Weak-link analysis for seismic retrofit of bridge structures 983K. M. Mahmoud

Shear strength of cracked R/C beam 989T.Tamura, T.Shigematsu, M.lmori & KNakashiki

Damage and preloading in concrete 995S.Yazdani

Evaluation of damage level and ductility of reinforced concrete members 999H.Tanaka, Y.Tanimura, T.Sato, M.Takiguchi & T.Watanabe

xv

On behavior of rivet joint repaired by replacing corroded rivet with high-tensile bolt 1005KHirai, KFujii, O.Minata & KKajimoto

Contribution study on the behavior of damaged R. C. frames 1011KHDisoky, MKZidan&AN.Sidky

Author index 1017

XVI