procedure for anticipatory prescribing for palliative care...

Document Type:PROCEDURE

Unique Identifier:CORP/PROC/592

Title:Procedure For Anticipatory Prescribing For Palliative Care Patients using the Subcutaneous, as required and syringe Pump prescription and Administration Record (SPAR booklet)

Version Number:3Status:Ratified

Scope:Trust Wide

Classification:Organisational

Author/Originator and title:Dr Andrew Dickman – Consultant Pharmacist, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustDr Susan Salt – Consultant in Palliative Medicine and Medical Director Trinity Hospice

Responsibility:Pharmacy

Replaces:CORP/PROC/592 version 2 Procedure For Anticipatory Prescribing For Palliative Care Patients (Just In Case 4 Core Drugs)NL/QSE/08/09, Version 1, Just In Case Drugs Policy in Community (North Locality Only)

Description of amendments:Changes to SPAR booklet. Including change from diamorphine to morphineClarification around specialist medication used in communityCare for the Dying Person Guidance replaces Liverpool Care Pathway

Name Of:Divisional/Directorate/Working Group:Blackpool & Fylde Coast Health Care Economy Anticipatory Prescribing Review Group

Date of Meeting: Risk Assessment:Not ApplicableFinancial ImplicationsNot Applicable

Validated by:Adults and Long Terms Conditions Policies and Standards Group

Validation Date:03/07/2015

Which Principles of the NHS Constitution Apply?Principle 1-4

Ratified by:Medicines Management and Incident Review Committee

Ratified Date:21/08/2015

Issue Date:21/08/2015

Review dates may alter if any significant changes are made Review Date:01/08/2018

Does this document meet the requirements of the Equality Act 2010 in relation to Race, Religion and Belief, Age, Disability, Gender, Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Pregnancy & Maternity, Marriage and Civil Partnership, Carers, Human Rights and Social Economic Deprivation discrimination? Initial Assessment

CONTENTS1 PURPOSE...................................................................................................................32 SCOPE........................................................................................................................33 PROCEDURE..............................................................................................................5

3.1 Known Risks............................................................................................................53.2 Professional Responsibilities...................................................................................5

3.2.1 Prescriber:.......................................................................................................53.2.2 Pharmacist......................................................................................................63.2.3 Nurse..............................................................................................................6

3.3 ‘Just In Case 4 Core Drugs’ Required.....................................................................73.4 Identification of patients for inclusion in the scheme...............................................73.5 Prescribing and Authorisation in the community......................................................83.6 Prescribing and Authorisation on discharge from hospital.......................................83.7 Prescribing and Authorisation on discharge from Trinity Hospice...........................93.8 Transport of end of life drugs within the community..............................................103.9 Record Keeping / Administration...........................................................................103.10 Storage of Medicines.............................................................................................113.11 Disposal of Medicines............................................................................................123.12 Monitoring..............................................................................................................123.13 Performance Indicators.........................................................................................12

4 ATTACHMENTS........................................................................................................125 ELECTRONIC AND MANUAL RECORDING OF INFORMATION............................136 LOCATIONS THIS DOCUMENT ISSUED TO...........................................................137 OTHER RELEVANT/ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS..................................................138 SUPPORTING REFERENCES/EVIDENCE BASED DOCUMENTS.........................149 CONSULTATION WITH STAFF AND PATIENTS.....................................................1510 DEFINITIONS/GLOSSARY OF TERMS....................................................................1511 AUTHOR/DIVISIONAL/DIRECTORATE MANAGER APPROVAL............................16Appendix 1: Subcutaneous ‘as required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription Administration

Record (SPAR booklet) See separate document.....................................................17Appendix 2: Pharmacy Collection and Delivery Form for the JiCDs..................................41Appendix 3: Primary Care Flow Chart for the use of ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’........42Appendix 4: Flow Chart for ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’ in Hospital or Hospice...........44Appendix 5: Equality Impact Assessment Form.................................................................46

Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust ID No. CORP/PROC/592

Title: Procedure For Anticipatory Prescribing For Palliative Care Patients using the Subcutaneous, as required and syringe Pump prescription and Administration Record (SPAR booklet)

Revision No: 3 Next Review Date: 01/08/2018

Do you have the up to date version? See the intranet for the latest version of 47

1 PURPOSE

Patients with palliative illness may experience new or worsening symptoms as their condition deteriorates. During the last weeks or days of life, when patients can no longer swallow their oral medication, delays in accessing appropriate non-oral medications could cause undue distress to both the patient and their carer.

This procedure aims to contribute to the delivery of optimal care to patients with palliative illness in the community, in line with the recommendations contained within the Care for the Dying Person Guidance and the Plan of Care for people approaching the last days and hours of life.

This procedure sets out steps for the prescribing, dispensing, storage, and disposal of medication prescribed in anticipation of need in patients with life limiting and progressive illnesses who are approaching the last months, weeks or days of their life when they may be no longer able to take oral medication.

Prescribers should anticipate common symptoms in the last weeks / days of life such as pain, breathlessness, secretions, nausea / vomiting and agitation.

Prescribers should authorise administration of the appropriate medication by appropriately trained nurses.

Prescribe sufficient quantities of the appropriate medication to cover those anticipated symptoms

Pharmacists should ensure that such medication is dispensed in a timely fashion in advance of the need to administer the medicine.

Prescriptions written must comply with current legislation and be clear as well as safe. Prescriptions should be written in such a way that they understood by healthcare staff responsible for dispensing and administering the medication using the Subcutaneous ‘As Required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription and Administration Record (SPAR) booklet.

Carers and patients are re-assured that prescribed medicines are for ‘just in case’ and may not be needed and where appropriate given a “Just in Case” Medication leaflet (Appendix 3).

2 SCOPE

All patients, living in their own homes, with a progressive, life limiting illness, registered with a General Practitioner (GP) within Blackpool or Fylde and Wyre Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), who have been assessed as in the last months / weeks or days of their life, may be included within this scheme. This will include patients with a poor prognosis, where the condition is unpredictable or is likely to deteriorate rapidly. Particular consideration should be given to those living in isolated situations or during extended holiday periods, where access to medication may be restricted.





It will also apply to patients cared for by community staff employed by Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust who work with GPs from North Lancashire CCG who work in the Garstang area. In these circumstances the principles behind prescribing and administering Just in Case medication will be the same, however the actual medications prescribed “just in case” may include Cyclizine for nausea and /or vomiting rather than Levomepromazine.

It will also apply to patients cared for by community staff employed by Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust who work with GPs from Greater Preston CCG who work in the Great Eccleston Area. In these circumstances the principles behind prescribing and administering Just in Case medication will be the same, however the actual medications prescribed “just in case” may include Cyclizine for nausea and /or vomiting rather than Levomepromazine and Hyoscine Hydrobromide rather than Glycopyrronium for respiratory tract secretions..

Additional consideration and further risk assessment may be required:

Patients where there is a history or suspicion of drug misuse.

Patients with family members, carers or visitors to the house where there is a history or suspicion of drug misuse.

Patients where there is concern about the safe storage of the medication.

Patients where there is concern about the medication being accessed by children or other vulnerable members of the household.

Patients where there are concerns about the mental well-being of a member of the patient’s household or regular visitor where access to a controlled drug could be contra-indicated such as suicidal ideation.

In these situations each case must be individually reviewed and a risk assessment (see appendix 2 in CORP/PROC/452 “Policy for Anticipatory Prescribing for Palliative Care Patients (Just in Case 4 Core Drugs)) carried out by a senior member of the community team before a decision is made after a multi-disciplinary discussion which should involve as a minimum.

Patient’s GP Senior District Nurse Specialist in Palliative Care (Drug support worker if involved)

It is anticipated that in most cases the decision will made be to provide just in case or end of life medication but that additional safeguards may be needed such as more frequent checking or adjusting the timing of such medication being placed in the household.

The decision and risk assessment should be reviewed on a regular basis, the frequency of which will depend on the individual patient and rate of deterioration.





ExclusionsPatients who themselves are unwilling to participate or carers who are unwilling to participate. If there are concerns advice should be sought from the Specialist Palliative Care Services i.e. Trinity Hospice, Blackpool, St John’s Hospice, Lancaster or St Catherine’s Hospice, Preston.

3 PROCEDURE

3.1 Known RisksAs with all drugs open to abuse, medicine supplies in patients’ houses may be subject to misuse. (An untoward incident report (CORP/PROC/101) must be completed if there is suspicion of misuse).

Opioid toxicity due to inappropriate dose being administered. Most patients requiring the “Just in Case Four Core Drugs” will be opioid tolerant so the risk of overdose is small. In the rare instance of a suspected opioid overdose, seek medical advice. (An untoward incident report (CORP/PROC/101) must be completed if there is suspicion that opioid doses have resulted in toxicity.

Undue sedation due to use of midazolam and / or combination of midazolam and opioid. In the rare instance of suspected over sedation seek medical advice. (An untoward incident report (CORP/PROC/101) must be completed if there is suspicion of over sedation due to medication).

Safe disposal of unused vials of either JiCD and EoLAD after the death of an individual in their own home relies on a carer returning the unused vials to a community pharmacy for safe disposal. Whilst this can be encouraged it cannot be guaranteed.

Medication may reach expiry date before it is needed. It is essential that medication is regular checked to ensure it is within date. This is particularly important prior to holiday periods or where an individual lives in a relatively isolated location.

3.2 Professional ResponsibilitiesRefer to Appendices 4 and 5 for further information.

3.2.1 Prescriber: If the prescriber is not the patient’s General Practitioner (GP), it is the

prescriber’s responsibility to inform the patient’s own GP of the presence of SPAR booklet and either Just in Case or End of life anticipatory medication.

Ensure the patient / family have been included in any decisions to prescribe and informed about the medication being dispensed and reasons behind them being available when needed.

Prescribe the agreed medicines on the appropriate documents:





in community - FP10.

in hospice – hospice FP10 prescription for controlled drugs and hospice discharge prescription pad.

in hospital – paper discharge prescription (for controlled drugs) and e-discharge.

Ensure that prescriptions comply with current legislation.

Complete ALL the relevant section of the SPAR booklet.

Ensure that Primary Care and Out of Hours services are aware of the presence of Just in Case or End of Life anticipatory medication.

Ensure that the Community Nurse is informed of the need for Just in Case or End of Life anticipatory medication.

Ensure that anticipatory medication is reviewed regularly, at least fortnightly, and after any known change in circumstances.

3.2.2 Pharmacist Dispense the prescription in line with the agreed policy and in line with current

legislation.

Provide appropriate patient information (package inserts) and maintain records to ensure effective on-going service delivery and audit.

Keep relevant records of collection and delivery.

Destroy any returned drugs as per local policy.

If a designated pharmacy for dispensing the four core Just In Case Drugs comply with guidance in CORP/PROC/452 and Service Level agreement with appropriate CCG.

3.2.3 Nurse Explain the purpose of the Just in Case or End of Life anticipatory medication to

patient, family and carers, using patient information leaflet (Appendix 3).

Ensure the patient and carer know who to contact out of hours should any symptoms or problems occur.

In exceptional circumstances only, act as the patient representative for collection of JiCDs if it is deemed appropriate as per Nurse and Midwifery Council (NMC) Guidelines 2010 (proof of identity will be required).

Inform the prescriber when additional supplies of medication are required.





Facilitate the destruction of Controlled Drugs (CDs) after the patient’s death as per local guidance by reminding relatives of the need to return the medication to a pharmacy for safe destruction

3.3 ‘Just In Case 4 Core Drugs’ Required

Drug Formulation Size of ampoule Amount to prescribe

Morphinefor pain

10 mg/1ml amp 2ml amps If opioid naïve:5 amps

If previously on opioids:5 days’ supply Contact specialist palliative care for advice if unsure of amount

Levomepromazinefor nausea and vomiting

25 mg/1mL 1mL amps 5 amps

Midazolamfor agitation and terminal restlessness

5 mg/mL(= 10mg/2mL)

2 mL amps 5 amps

As per NPSA alert take care with these high strength amps

Glycopyrronium for respiratory tract secretions

200 microgram/1mL 1mL amps 5 amps

Water for InjectionsDiluent

10 mL amps 10 amps

3.4 Identification of patients for inclusion in the schemeAll Healthcare Professionals will identify relevant patients ahead of need and include the patient / family in any decisions to prescribe either Just in Case 4 Core Drugs (JiCDS) (CORP/PROC/452) or anticipatory drugs at end of life (EoLAD).

A flow chart of the process can be seen in Appendices 4 and 5.

NB: All medications are prescribed for the named patient only and should never be used for any other patient.





3.5 Prescribing and Authorisation in the community The prescriber will prospectively prescribe the appropriate medications (as outlined

above) on an FP10 (identifying it as part of the scheme by noting JiCD on the prescription where appropriate).

Complete the appropriate sections of the “Subcutaneous ‘as required’ and Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet)” legibly providing appropriate doses of medication to manage both actual and anticipated symptoms (Appendix 1).

In the case of patient intolerance of one of the four core drugs, alternative medications may be prescribed (see Lancashire and South Cumbria Specialist Palliative Care Services Guidelines, CORP/GUID/143 (www.healthcare.trinityhospice.co.uk for more details).

Where alternative drug(s) are needed they should be prescribed on the relevant blank pages within the SPAR booklet. Where appropriate, and for clarity pages with alternative medication for the same symptom as one of the four core drugs, the page for the core drug should be clearly crossed through with a note to see relevant page of the SPAR booklet where the alternative medication has been prescribed.

When highly specialised medication has been recommended by the specialist palliative care service to maintain symptom control within the community at end of life, the appropriate specialist prescription pages should be completed in the SPAR booklet and an agreed way of working between the primary care team and specialist service established dependent on the individual patient. This will mainly (but not exclusively) cover:

Octreotide Alfentanil Ketamine Methadone Hyoscine hydrobromide.

3.6 Prescribing and Authorisation on discharge from hospital The prescriber will ensure a paper discharge prescription for the appropriate

controlled drugs is written in a timely manner.







The patient’s primary care team including both the District Nurse and GP should be informed of the presence of the SPAR booklet and end of life medications

Unless the patient is already on a continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI) only the as needed (PRN) doses of the core symptom control drugs should be prescribed in the SPAR booklet

The medication in clearly labelled sealed boxes should be sent home with the patient as per standard discharge procedure.

3.7 Prescribing and Authorisation on discharge from Trinity Hospice The prescriber will ensure a FP10 discharge prescription for controlled drugs and

hospice paper discharge prescription is written in a timely manner.



The patient’s primary care team including both the District Nurse and GP should be informed of the presence of the SPAR booklet and end of life medications

The medication in clearly labelled sealed boxes should be sent home with the patient as per standard discharge procedure

When highly specialised medication has been recommended by the specialist palliative care service to maintain symptom control within the community at end of life, the appropriate specialist prescription pages should be completed in the SPAR booklet and an agreed way of working between the primary care team and specialist service established dependent on the individual patient. This will mainly (but not exclusively) cover:

Octreotide Alfentanil Ketamine Methadone Hyoscine hydrobromide.





3.8 Transport of end of life drugs within the communityThe anticipatory end of life medication should be collected from the dispensing pharmacy by the patient’s representative (with identification checked by the pharmacist) or delivered to the patient’s home by the pharmacy. In the case of the “Just in Case drugs” from a designated pharmacy these will be in a sealed tamper proof bag with the patients name, date of supply, drug name, quaintly supplied and batch numbers clearly displayed on the outside of the bag.

The quantity of drugs dispensed must be entered on the pharmacy collection and delivery form (see Appendix 2) and this must be signed and dated by the person collecting the medicines.

It is normally the responsibility of the patient / relative / carer to arrange for dispensed medicines to be collected from or delivered by the pharmacy on receipt of the patient’s prescription. Community nurses are not authorised to carry CDs except in exceptional circumstances (when evidence of identification will be needed), as defined below. These exceptional circumstances are confined to situations:

Where either patient’s, their carers or representatives are unable to collect the medicines, and no pharmacy delivery service is available and.

Only when failure to transport the medicines would create an unacceptable delay in a patient receiving their prescribed therapy and should be reserved for use only in palliative care situations.

CDs must be transported in a locked car boot directly from the pharmacy to the patient’s home on an uninterrupted journey, and must never be left unattended under any circumstances.

3.9 Record Keeping / Administration The Community Nurse will explain to the patient and carers the purpose of the JiCDs

and that all items are for use by health care professionals only. A member of the community nursing team will check that a leaflet about the JiCDs has been provided and if not will ensure that one is given as soon as possible (Appendix 3).

The Community Nurse will ensure that the patient and carer know how to contact Community Nursing services during both in- and out-of-hours periods.

Should the patient’s condition deteriorate, they should be reassessed by a Doctor and the appropriate drugs prescribed as indicated.

The SPAR booklet (Appendix 1) should be completed each time a drug is administered. It should remain with and follow the patient if they are transferred into another care setting.

Whenever one of the JiCDs is used, the Community Nurse must inform the prescriber in order that arrangements can be made for additional supplies to be ordered and dispensed, if needed.





If part of a vial is given to the patient, the community nurse should record the amount given and the amount wasted on the SPAR booklet e.g. if the patient is prescribed morphine 5mg and only the 10mg preparation is available, the record should show, “5mg given and 5mg wasted”.

The quantity of each drug must be counted and recorded on the SPAR booklet consistently each time it is used.

If the patient is admitted into a care home the administration record should go with the patient and continue to be used, in addition to any required care home documentation.

If the patient is admitted into hospital/hospice the administration record must go with the patient, filed in their records while admitted (drugs will be transcribed onto hospital / hospice drugs charts) and be amended prior to discharge back to the community.

Following the patient’s death, any remaining drugs must be returned to a local pharmacy and destroyed according to local guidance.

Following the patient’s death , the “Subcutaneous ‘as required’ and Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet)” must be filed in the health records of the care setting within which the patient died for the period specified in Records Management NHS Code of Practice Part 2 (2nd Edition) 2009.

3.10 Storage of Medicines The patient and carer should be informed that the JiCDs are prescription only

medication and that they should be securely stored in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight, not in public view and out of the reach of children.

The supply of end of life medication must be checked to ensure nothing has been removed, used or expired without a record being made:

For the sealed tamper proof Just in Case medication a check should be made at least every four weeks. If there is no evidence of tampering, no further action is needed. Record check made in nursing notes

At every visit if the bag has been opened the medication should be inspected and counted to ensure all drugs supplied can be accounted for.

If the nurse cannot account for all of the controlled drugs, after enquiry with the family and health care team, the team leader / manager must inform the Accountable Officer and complete an untoward incident form.





3.11 Disposal of Medicines Prescribed drugs, including controlled drugs (CDs), are the property of the patient

and remain so even after death. However, it is illegal for a person to possess CDs that have not been prescribed for them (NPC, 2009, p.78).

Any CDs remaining after a patient’s death must be destroyed as per local policy.

Sharps bins should be disposed of as per local policy.

If a patient is admitted to a Hospice, Hospital or Care Home the JiCDs, together with the Subcutaneous ‘as required’ and Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet) should be taken with them. The drugs should be used or destroyed according to local procedure.

3.12 Monitoring Managers must ensure that all staff who are engaged with any activity covered by

this procedure receive the appropriate training and supervision and are competent to carry out the work.

Incident reports relating to this procedure will be made available.

The Subcutaneous ‘as required’ and Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet) should be retained in the hospice, hospital or community nursing records (depending upon where the patient dies) for the period specified in Records Management NHS Code of Practice Part 2 (2nd Edition) 2009.

The Feedback form (Appendix 6) should be completed by the community nurse involved in the patient’s care and returned to the address on the form.

3.13 Performance Indicators The current version of this document will be made available on the intranet. At implementation, the procedure will be an agenda item on all clinical staff meetings. This procedure will be reviewed every three years

4 ATTACHMENTSAppendix Number Title1 Subcutaneous ‘as required’ and Syringe Pump Prescription

Administration Record (SPAR booklet)2 Pharmacy Collection and Delivery Form3 Primary Care Flow Chart for ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’4 Flow Chart for ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’ in Hospital or

Hospice5 Equality Impact Assessment Form





5 ELECTRONIC AND MANUAL RECORDING OF INFORMATIONElectronic Database for Procedural DocumentsHeld by Policy Co-ordinators/Archive Office

6 LOCATIONS THIS DOCUMENT ISSUED TOCopy No Location Date Issued1 Intranet 21/08/20152 Wards, Departments and Service 21/08/2015

7 OTHER RELEVANT/ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTSUnique Identifier Title and web links from the document libraryCHS/POL/001 Infection Prevention in the Community Setting

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CHS-POL-001.docx

CHS/POL/003 Non Medical Prescribinghttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CHS-POL-003.docx

CHS/SOP/009 Supply and Administration of Controlled Drugs via a Syringe Driver in a Patient’s Premiseshttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CHS-SOP-009.docx

CORP/GUID/143 Palliative Care Prescribing: Lancashire and South Cumbria Specialist Palliative Care Services 2014http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-GUID-143.pdf

CORP/GUID/145 Care for the Dying Person Interim Guidancehttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-GUID-145.docx

CORP/POL/056 Hand Hygiene Policyhttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-056.doc

CORP/POL/116 Infection Prevention Policyhttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-116.doc

CORP/POL/509 Non-Medical Prescribinghttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-509.doc

CORP/PROC/101 Untoward Incident and Serious Incident Reportinghttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-101.docx

CORP/PROC/302 Controlled Drugs – Safer Management of Controlled Drugshttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-302.docx

CORP/PROC/418 Hand Hygiene Procedurehttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-418.doc





http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-418.doc


http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-302.docx




http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-509.doc






http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-GUID-145.docx

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-GUID-145.docx

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-GUID-143.pdf

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-GUID-143.pdf

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CHS-SOP-009.docx

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CHS-SOP-009.docx





7 OTHER RELEVANT/ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTSUnique Identifier Title and web links from the document libraryCORP/PROC/452 Policy for Anticipatory Prescribing for Palliative Care Patients

(Just in Case 4 Core Drugs)http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-452.docx

CORP/PROC/567 Health Record – Basic Clinical Record Keeping Standardshttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-567.doc

CORP/PROC/583 Safe disposal of all medicineshttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-583.doc

CORP/PROC/577 Use of CME T34 Syringe Pump for Adult Patientshttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROC-577.doc

CORP/PROT/001 Non-medical prescribing Protocol and Policyhttp://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROT-001.DOCX

8 SUPPORTING REFERENCES/EVIDENCE BASED DOCUMENTSReferences In Full

Amass, C. and Allen, M. (2005) How a ‘Just in Case’ Approach can Improve Out-of-Hours Palliative Care Pharmaceutical Journal 275: 22Amass, C. (2006) The Gold Standards Framework for Palliative Care in the Community. Pharmaceutical Journal 276: 353-354Blackburn with Darwen and East Lancashire PCTs (2009) East Lancashire Guidelines For The Management Of Symptoms In The Last Days Of LifeCambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust (2010) Policy for Anticipatory Prescribing For Patients with a Terminal IllnessDepartment of Health (2004) Delivering the Out-of-Hours Review: Securing proper access to medicines in the out-of-hours period - a practical guide for PCTs and organised providersDepartment of Health (2006) Safer Management Of Controlled Drugs:Guidance On The Destruction And Disposal Of Controlled Drugs (Interim Guidance) Gateway Reference: 7186Department Of Health (2008) End of life Care strategyGold Standards Framework GSF) Online. Birmingham. Available at http://www.goldstandardsframework.nhs.uk accessed on 11 February 2011Lancashire and South Cumbria Cancer Network (2012) Palliative Care PrescribingNational Institute for Clinical Excellence (2004) Improving Supportive and Palliative Care for Adults with CancerNational Patient Safety Agency (2008). Reducing Dosing Errors with Opioid Medicines NPSA/2008/RRR005National Patient Safety Agency (2008). Reducing risk of Overdose with Midazolam Injection in Adults NPSA/2008/RRR011National Patient Safety Agency (2010). Safer Ambulatory Syringe Drivers NPSA/2010/RRR019





http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/resources/type/alerts/?entryid45=92908

http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/alerts/?entryid45=59896&p=2

http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/alerts/?entryid45=59896&p=2

http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/alerts/?entryid45=59888&q=0%C2%ACopioid%C2%AC

http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/10893/28816/28816.pdf

http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/10893/28816/28816.pdf

http://www.cancerlancashire.org.uk/CubeCore/.uploads/website_content/Your%20Network/Document%20Library/PALLIATIVECAREPRESCRIBINGFINALVERSION2010.pdf

http://www.goldstandardsframework.nhs.uk/

http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh_086345.pdf

http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4139701



http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&source=hp&biw=1003&bih=592&q=anticipatory+prescribing+blackburn&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=

http://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&source=hp&biw=1003&bih=592&q=anticipatory+prescribing+blackburn&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=

http://www.rcpa.org.uk/MyFiles/Files/Palliative%20and%20End%20of%20Life%20Care/Mar%2006%20-%20Gold%20Standards%20Framework%20for%20Palliative%20Care%20in%20the%20Community.pdf

http://www.pjonline.com/Editorial/20050702/articles/p22justincase.html

http://www.pjonline.com/Editorial/20050702/articles/p22justincase.html

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROT-001.DOCX

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-PROT-001.DOCX







http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-452.docx

http://fcsharepoint/trustdocuments/Documents/CORP-POL-452.docx

8 SUPPORTING REFERENCES/EVIDENCE BASED DOCUMENTSReferences In Full

National Prescribing Centre (2009) A Guide to Good Practice in the Management of Controlled Drugs in Primary Care. 3 rd edition. London: Department of HealthNursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2010) Standards for Medicines Management. London: NMC

9 CONSULTATION WITH STAFF AND PATIENTSName DesignationDr Susan Salt Medical Director, Trinity Hospice and Palliative Care ServicesDr Laura Edwards Community Consultant in Palliative Medicine, Trinity Hospice and

Palliative Care ServicesDr Andrea Whitfield Hospital Consultant in Palliative Medicine, Blackpool Teaching

Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustDr Meenakshi Varia GP and Macmillan GP Facilitator, NHS North Lancs (Wylde) and

Trinity Hospice and Palliative Care ServicesDr Michelle Martin GP and Macmillan GP Facilitator, NHS Blackpool and Trinity

Hospice and Palliative Care ServicesKathryn Smith Fylde Coast EOL Project leadVivienne Trott End of Life facilitator, Trinity, Fylde and WyreLisa Drinkwater Fylde and Wyre CCG Development PharmacistLynn Atcheson Clinical development lead-communityJanet Purdie End of Life Lead BlackpoolAnnette Ramesh Team Leader DN FleetwoodDr Tony Naughton Chair, Fylde and Wyre Clinical Commissioning GroupDr Adam Janjua End of Life Lead, Fylde and Wyre Clinical Commissioning GroupDr Stephen Hardwick Fylde and Wyre Clinical Commissioning GroupJan Bamber Non-Prescribing Lead, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS

Foundation TrustWendy Lambert Lead Nurse FCMSGill Speight Head Of North Locality, Community Nursing

10 DEFINITIONS/GLOSSARY OF TERMSCCGs Clinical Commissioning GroupsCDs Controlled DrugsCSCI continuous subcutaneous infusionEoLAD anticipatory drugs at end of lifeGP General PractitionerJiCDs Just in Case 4 Core DrugsNMC Nurse and Midwifery CouncilPRN only the as neededSPAR Subcutaneous ‘As Required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription and

Administration Record





http://www.nmc-uk.org/Documents/Standards/nmcStandardsForMedicinesManagementBooklet.pdf

http://www.npc.nhs.uk/controlled_drugs/resources/controlled_drugs_third_edition.pdf

http://www.npc.nhs.uk/controlled_drugs/resources/controlled_drugs_third_edition.pdf

11 AUTHOR/DIVISIONAL/DIRECTORATE MANAGER APPROVALIssued By Dr Andrew Dickman Checked By A GibsonJob Title Consultant

Pharmacist, Palliative Care

Job Title Director of Pharmacy

Date August 2015 Date August 2015





Appendix 1: Subcutaneous ‘as required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet) See separate document





Appendix 2: Pharmacy Collection and Delivery Form for the JiCDs(To be retained in the Pharmacy)

Name of Patient

Address of Patient

Date of Collection

Name of Person Collecting Medicine

Signature of Person Collecting Medication

Drug Quantity Dispensed

Batch Number

Expiry Date

Morphine 10mg/ml Inj 10Levomepromazine 25mg/mL Inj (1mL amps)

5

Midazolam 5mg/mL Inj (2mL amps)

10

Glycopyrronium bromide 200mcg/mL Inj

10

Water for Injection 10mL amps

10

Date Dispensed: ………………………………………………………..

Pharmacist Signature: …………………………………………………

Name of Pharmacist: …………………………………………………..

SAMPLE

Appendix 3: Primary Care Flow Chart for the use of ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’

Need for prescribing is identified by GP/Community Nurse

Explanation to patients and carers of the purpose of the JiCDs and its use by District Nurses, Specialist Palliative Care Nurse or Doctor.

Give Leaflet about the JiCDs

Patient’s prescriber issues prescription for drugs to be included and marks prescription ‘JICD’ so pharmacist aware patient in the scheme

Prescriber also completes Subcutaneous ‘as required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet)

Prescriber informs ‘out-of-hours services’ via Adastra Web and completed Community Care Plan

Medication is dispensed by designated Pharmacist into sealed labelled bag(attaching 2nd dispensing label and noting the batch number/expiry date of the contents on the

outside of the bag)

Pharmacist completes ‘collection and delivery form’

The JiCDs may be delivered by the Pharmacy or collected by the patient’s representative.A registered nurse may act as the patient’s representative in exceptional situations as stated

in the NMC guidelines (ID Needed)The person collecting the JiCDs must sign and date the pharmacy ‘collection and delivery’

form

At onset of symptoms administer appropriate

medication as prescribed

IN CASE OF RAPID DETERIORATION IN PATIENT’SCONDITION OR SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN SEVERITY OF

SYMPTOMS SEEK REVIEW BY DOCTOR

If the drugs are not used, the community nurse should check the seal is intact and the expiry dates of the drugs at least every four weeks.

At the onset of symptoms, the stock levels should be checked and recorded on page 2 of the Subcutaneous ‘as required’ and Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record

(SPAR booklet) by a healthcare professional

If the seal is intact and the

expiry dates are OK, no further

action is needed

If the seal is intact but the drugs have expired, they must

be replaced via GP FP10.

If the seal is not intact and the drugs are not

being used, an untoward incident

must be completed

If the seal is not intact and the drugs

are being used record on the SPAR

booklet

Appendix 3: Primary Care Flow Chart for the use of ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’





Following the patient’s death, any remaining drugs must be destroyed according to local guidance

The Subcutaneous ‘as required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet)

must be retained with the patient’s notes for the period specified in Records Management NHS Code of Practice Part 2 (2nd Edition) 2009

The Feedback form should be completed by the appropriate DN and returned to the address on the form

Medication from the JiCDs may be used to set up a syringe pump. However, it will be necessary to obtain further medication for the syringe pump as soon as possible.

Please refer to syringe pump policy in this instance

If symptoms persist, liaise with GP to establish medication needed for ongoing symptom control. If the patient is admitted into hospital/hospice the administration record must go

with the patient and be amended prior to discharge back to the community

Document any drugs administered on the Subcutaneous ‘as required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet)

If the patient is admitted into hospital/hospice the administration record must go with the patient and be amended prior to discharge back to the community

Appendix 4: Flow Chart for ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’ in Hospital or Hospice





Need for prescribing is identified. Pharmacy must be alerted to rapid discharge

Hospital prescriber issues paper discharge prescription for controlled drugs and e-discharge TTO for other drugs, including Water for Injections.

Prescriber also completes Subcutaneous ‘as required’ & Syringe Pump Prescription Administration Record (SPAR booklet)

TTO and SPAR booklet to be sent to Pharmacy

Primary Health Care Team informed of patient’s discharge with anticipatory drugs.(Hospital prescriber informs GP on Hospital Discharge Summary

and Ward Nurse informs District Nursing Service on DN Referral Formso that Primary Health Care Team can inform ‘out-of-hours services’ via Adastra)

Medication is dispensed by Pharmacy into sealed labelled bag(attaching 2nd dispensing label and noting the batch number/expiry date

of the contents on the outside of the bag)

Pharmacist completes ‘collection and delivery form’

The JiCDs are released by the Pharmacy to the ward.The nurse collecting the JiCDs from the Pharmacy must sign and date the appropriate

documentation.

Explanation to patients and carers of the purpose of the JiCDs and its use by Ward Nurses, Specialist Palliative Care Nurse or Doctor.

Sealed Bag containing JiCDs, SPAR booklet and Patient Information Leaflet are given to the patient / patient’s representative, along with other discharge medications, on discharge from

hospital.

Community Flowchart (see Appendix 4) to be followed from when patient arrives home with regards to checking, administration and destruction of JiCDs

Appendix 4: Flow Chart for ‘Just in Case Four Core Drugs’ in Hospital or Hospice





JiCDs and SPAR booklet should be taken with patient if admitted to hospice or hospital

During in-patient admission, subcutaneous medications (both syringe pump and ‘as required’) should be prescribed on hospital / hospice in-patient prescription, in accordance with local

policy

JiCD Drugs on Admission to Hospital / Hospice

Appendix 5: Equality Impact Assessment FormDepartment Pharmacy Service or Policy CORP/PROC/

592Date Completed: 25/05/2015

GROUPS TO BE CONSIDEREDDeprived communities, homeless, substance misusers, people who have a disability, learning disability, older people, children and families, young people, Lesbian Gay Bi-sexual or Transgender, minority ethnic communities, Gypsy/Roma/Travellers, women/men, parents, carers, staff, wider community, offenders.EQUALITY PROTECTED CHARACTERISTICS TO BE CONSIDEREDAge, gender, disability, race, sexual orientation, gender identity (or reassignment), religion and belief, carers, Human Rights and social economic / deprivation.

QUESTION RESPONSE IMPACTIssue Action Positive Negative

What is the service, leaflet or policy development?What are its aims, who are the target audience?

See Purpose

Does the service, leaflet or policy/ development impact on community safety Crime Community cohesion

No

Is there any evidence that groups who should benefit do not? i.e. equal opportunity monitoring of service users and/or staff. If none/insufficient local or national data available consider what information you need.

No

Does the service, leaflet or development/ policy have a negative impact on any geographical or sub group of the population?

No

How does the service, leaflet or policy/ development promote equality and diversity?

No

Does the service, leaflet or policy/ development explicitly include a commitment to equality and diversity and meeting needs? How does it demonstrate its impact?

No

Does the Organisation or service workforce reflect the local population? Do we employ people from disadvantaged groups

No

Will the service, leaflet or policy/ developmenti. Improve economic social conditions

indeprived areas

ii. Use brown field sitesiii. Improve public spaces including

creation of green spaces?

No

Does the service, leaflet or policy/ development promote equity of lifelong learning?

No

Does the service, leaflet or policy/ development encourage healthy lifestyles and reduce risks to health?

No

Does the service, leaflet or policy/ development impact on transport?What are the implications of this?

No

Does the service, leaflet or policy/development impact on housing, housing needs, homelessness, or a person’s ability to remain at home?

No

Are there any groups for whom this policy/ service/leaflet would have an impact? Is it an adverse/negative impact? Does it or could it (or is the perception that it could exclude disadvantaged or marginalised groups?

No

Does the policy/development promote access to services and facilities for any group in particular?

No





Appendix 5: Equality Impact Assessment FormDoes the service, leaflet or policy/development impact on the environment During development At implementation?

No

ACTION:Please identify if you are now required to carry out a Full Equality Analysis

Yes No (Please delete as appropriate)

Name of Author:Signature of Author:

Dr Andrew Dickman / Dr Susan Salt Date Signed: 25/05/2015

Name of Lead Person:Signature of Lead Person:

Date Signed:

Name of Manager:Signature of Manager

Date Signed:



