MINIMAL SURFACES

COMPILED BY HOJOO LEE (MOMENTMAPLEE@GMAIL.COM)

LAST UPDATED ON 15 JUNE 2017.

56 Books + 25 ICM Reports + 41 Expository Articles & Surveys

RIEMANN’S MINIMAL SURFACE IN R3.http://www.indiana.edu/˜minimal/archive/

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I. BOOKS & MONOGRAPHS

2012 A theory of branched minimal surfacesTromba, AnthonySpringer Monographs in Mathematics. Springer, Heidelberg, 2012. x+191 pp.

2011 A course in minimal surfacesColding, Tobias Holck; Minicozzi, William P., IIGraduate Studies in Mathematics, 121. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI,2011. xii+313 pp.

2011 Minimal submanifolds in pseudo-Riemannian geometry.Anciaux, HenriWith a foreword by F. Urbano. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Hackensack,NJ, 2011. xvi+167 pp.

2010 Discrete constant mean curvature surfaces via conserved quanti-tiesRossman, WayneCOE Lecture Note, 25. Math-for-Industry Lecture Note Series. Kyushu University, Fac-ulty of Mathematics, Fukuoka, 2010.

2010 Geometric measure theory and minimal surfacesBombieri, E. (Ed.)Lectures from the Centro Internazionale Matematico Estivo (C.I.M.E.) Summer Schoolheld in Varenna, August 24 – September 2, 1972. Edited by E. Bombieri. Reprint of the1973 original. Centro Internazionale Matematico Estivo (C.I.M.E.) Summer Schools, 61.Springer, Heidelberg; Fondazione C.I.M.E., Florence, 2010. iv+230 pp.

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2010 Global analysis of minimal surfacesDierkes, Ulrich; Hildebrandt, Stefan; Tromba, Anthony J.Revised and enlarged second edition.Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, 341. Springer, Heidelberg, 2010.xvi+537 pp.

2010 Minimal surfacesDierkes, Ulrich; Hildebrandt, Stefan; Sauvigny, FriedrichRevised and enlarged second edition.With assistance and contributions by A. Kuster and R. Jakob. Grundlehren der Mathe-matischen Wissenschaften, 339. Springer, Heidelberg, 2010. xvi+688 pp.

2010 Regularity of minimal surfacesDierkes, Ulrich; Hildebrandt, Stefan; Tromba, Anthony J.Revised and enlarged second edition.With assistance and contributions by A. Kuster. Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wis-senschaften, 340. Springer, Heidelberg, 2010. xviii+623 pp.

2007 Differentialgeometrie und Minimalflachen(Differential geometry and minimal surfaces)Eschenburg, Jost-Hinrich; Jost, JurgenSecond edition.Springer, Berlin, 2007. xvi+256 pp.

2006 Finiteness of the set of solutions of Plateau’s problem for polyg-onal boundary curvesJakob, RubenBonner Mathematische Schriften, 379. Universitat Bonn, Mathematisches Institut, Bonn,2006. iv+95 pp.

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2003 Minimal submanifolds and related topicsXin, YuanlongNankai Tracts in Mathematics, 8. World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., River Edge, NJ,2003. viii+262 pp.

2003 Surfaces with constant mean curvatureKenmotsu, KatsueiTranslated from the 2000 Japanese original by Katsuhiro Moriya and revised by the au-thor. Translations of Mathematical Monographs, 221. American Mathematical Society,Providence, RI, 2003. x+142 pp.

2002 Minimal surfaces, geometric analysis and symplectic geometryEdited by Kenji Fukaya, Seiki Nishikawa and Joel SpruckPapers from the workshop and conference held at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,MD, March 1621, 1999. Edited by Kenji Fukaya, Seiki Nishikawa and Joel Spruck. Ad-vanced Studies in Pure Mathematics, 34. Mathematical Society of Japan, Tokyo, 2002.vi+259 pp.

2001 Constant mean curvature surfaces, harmonic maps and inte-grable systemsHelein, FredericNotes taken by Roger Moser. Lectures in Mathematics ETH Zurich. Birkhauser Verlag,Basel, 2001. 122 pp.

2001 Global theory of minimal surfacesEdited by David HoffmanProceedings of the Clay Mathematical Institute Summer School held in Berkeley, CA,June 25–July 27, 2001. Edited by David Hoffman. Clay Mathematics Proceedings,2. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI; Clay Mathematics Institute, Cam-bridge, MA, 2005. xii+800 pp.

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2001 Plateau’s problem. An invitation to varifold geometryAlmgren, Frederick J., Jr.Corrected reprint of the 1966 original.With forewords by Jean E. Taylor and Robert Gunning, and Hugo Rossi. Student Math-ematical Library, 13. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2001. xvi+78 pp.

2000 The mathematics of soap films: explorations with MapleOprea, JohnStudent Mathematical Library, 10. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2000.xiv+266 pp.

1997 Corso introduttivo alla teoria geometrica della misura ed alle superfici minime(Introduction to geometric measure theory and minimal surfaces)Ambrosio, LuigiAppunti dei Corsi Tenuti da Docenti della Scuola. Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, 1997.ii+144 pp.

1997 Geometry. V. Minimal surfacesEdited by Robert OssermanEncyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences, 90. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997. viii+272 pp.

1996 Lectures on minimal surfaces in R3

Fang, YiProceedings of the Centre for Mathematics and its Applications, Australian NationalUniversity, 35. Australian National University, Centre for Mathematics and its Applica-tions, Canberra, 1996. ii+176 pp.

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1995 The index theorem for minimal surfaces of higher genusTomi, Friedrich; Tromba, Anthony J.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 117 (1995), no. 560, vi+78 pp.

1994 Complete minimal surfaces of finite total curvature.Yang, KichoonMathematics and its Applications, 294. Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Dordrecht,1994. viii+157 pp.

1993 Minimal surfacesEdited by A. T. Fomenko. Translated from the Russian. Translation edited by A. B. Sossinsky.

Advances in Soviet Mathematics, 15. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI,1993. x+342 pp.

1993 Minimal surfaces in Riemannian manifoldsJi, Min; Wang, Guang YinMem. Amer. Math. Soc. 104 (1993), no. 495, vi+50 pp.

1993 Value distribution theory of the Gauss map of minimal surfacesin Rm

Fujimoto, HirotakaAspects of Mathematics, E21. Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig, 1993. xiv+207 pp.

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1992 Constant mean curvature immersions of Enneper typeWente, Henry C.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 100 (1992), no. 478, vi+77 pp.

1992 The problem of Plateau. A tribute to Jesse Douglas & Tibor Rado.Edited by Themistocles M. RassiasWorld Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., River Edge, NJ, 1992. x+335 pp.

1991 A sufficient criterion for a cone to be area-minimizingLawlor, Gary R.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 91 (1991), no. 446, vi+111 pp.

1991 Elements of the geometry and topology of minimal surfaces inthree-dimensional spaceFomenko, A. T.; Tuzhilin, A. A.Translated from the Russian by E. J. F. Primrose. Translations of Mathematical Mono-graphs, 93. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1991. viii+142 pp.

1991 Minimal surfaces, stratified multivarifolds, and the Plateau prob-lemDao Trong Thi; Fomenko, A. T.Translated from the Russian by E. J. F. Primrose. Translations of Mathematical Mono-graphs, 84. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1991. x+404 pp.

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1990 The Plateau problem. Part I. Historical survey.Fomenko, A. T.Translated from the Russian. Studies in the Development of Modern Mathematics, 1.Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1990. xii+220 pp.

1990 The Plateau problem. Part II. The present state of the theory.Fomenko, A. T.Translated from the Russian. Studies in the Development of Modern Mathematics, 1.Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1990. xii+251 pp.

1990 Variational principles of topology. Multidimensional minimalsurface theoryFomenko, A. T.Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, and London, 1990, 374 pp.

1989 Complete and compact minimal surfacesYang, KichoonMathematics and its Applications, 54. Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Dordrecht,1989. xii+175 pp.

1989 Lectures on minimal surfaces. Vol. 1. Introduction, fundamentals,geometry and basic boundary value problems.Nitsche, Johannes C. C.Translated from the German by Jerry M. Feinberg. With a German foreword. CambridgeUniversity Press, Cambridge, 1989. xxvi+563 pp.

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1988 Existence theorems for minimal surfaces of nonzero genus span-ning a contourTomi, Friedrich; Tromba, Anthony J.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 71 (1988), no. 382, iv+83 pp.

1988 Plateau’s problem and the calculus of variationsStruwe, MichaelMathematical Notes, 35. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1988. x+148 pp.

1987 Monopoles, minimal surfaces and algebraic curvesHitchin, NigelSeminaire de Mathematiques Superieures, 105. Presses de l’Universite de Montreal,Montreal, QC, 1987. 94 pp.

1986 A survey of minimal surfacesOsserman, RobertSecond edition.Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1986. vi+207 pp.

1986 Explicit determination of area minimizing hypersurfaces. IIParks, Harold R.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 60 (1986), no. 342, iv+90 pp.

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1986 Equilibrium capillary surfacesFinn, RobertGrundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, 284. Springer-Verlag, New York,1986. xvi+245 pp.

1986 Minimal surfaces in R3

Barbosa, J. Lucas M.; Colares, A. GervasioTranslated from the Portuguese. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 1195. Springer-Verlag,Berlin, 1986. x+124 pp.

1986 Seminar on geometric measure theoryHardt, Robert; Simon, LeonDMV Seminar, 7. Birkhuser Verlag, Basel, 1986. 117 pp.

1984 Minimal surfaces and functions of bounded variationGiusti, EnricoMonographs in Mathematics, 80. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, 1984. xii+240 pp.

1984 Minimal surfaces of codimension oneMassari, Umberto; Miranda, MarioNorth-Holland Mathematics Studies, 91. Notas de Matematica, 95. North-Holland Pub-lishing Co., Amsterdam, 1984. xiii+243 pp.

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1983 Lectures on geometric measure theorySimon, LeonProceedings of the Centre for Mathematical Analysis, Australian National University,3. Australian National University, Centre for Mathematical Analysis, Canberra, 1983.vii+272 pp.

1983 Seminar on minimal submanifoldsEdited by Enrico BombieriAnnals of Mathematics Studies, 103. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1983.vii+358 pp.

1981 Existence and regularity of minimal surfaces on RiemannianmanifoldsPitts, Jon T.Mathematical Notes, 27. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.; University of TokyoPress, Tokyo, 1981. iv+330 pp.

1980 Lectures on minimal submanifolds. Vol. I.Lawson, H. Blaine, Jr.Second edition.Mathematics Lecture Series, 9. Publish or Perish, Inc., Wilmington, Del., 1980. iv+178pp.

1980 The geometry of the generalized Gauss mapHoffman, David A.; Osserman, RobertMem. Amer. Math. Soc. 28 (1980), no. 236, iii+105 pp.

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1979 Minimal submanifolds and geodesicsEdited by Morio ObataProceedings of the Japan-United States Seminar held in Tokyo, September 19–22, 1977.Edited by Morio Obata. North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam-New York, 1979.x+292 pp.

1977 Dirichlet’s principle, conformal mapping, and minimal surfaces.Courant, RichardReprint of the 1950 original.With an appendix by M. Schiffer. Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg, 1977. xi+332pp.

1977 On the number of simply connected minimal surfaces spanninga curveTromba, A. J.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 12 (1977), no. 194, v+121 pp.

1976 Existence and regularity almost everywhere of solutions to ellip-tic variational problems with constraintsAlmgren, F. J., Jr.Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 4 (1976), no. 165, viii+199 pp.

1971 On the problem of Plateau. Subharmonic functionsRado, TiborReprint. Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg, 1971. iv+109+v+56 pp.

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1968 Minimal submanifolds in a Riemannian manifoldChern, Shiing-ShenUniversity of Kansas, Department of Mathematics Technical Report 19 (New Series)Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence, Kan. 1968 iii+58 pp.

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II. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL

CONGRESS OF MATHEMATICIANS

2010 Constant mean curvature surfaces in 3-dimensional Thurston ge-ometriesFernadez, Isabel; Mira, PabloProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians. Volume II, 830–861, Hin-dustan Book Agency, New Delhi, 2010.

2010 New entire solutions to some classical semilinear elliptic prob-lemsdel Pino, ManuelProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians. Volume III, 1934–1957,Hindustan Book Agency, New Delhi, 2010.

2010 Metaphors in systolic geometryGuth, LarryProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians. Volume II, 745–768, Hin-dustan Book Agency, New Delhi, 2010.

2010 Riemannian manifolds of positive curvatureBrendle, Simon; Schoen, RichardProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians. Volume I, 449–475, Hin-dustan Book Agency, New Delhi, 2010.

2006 Embedded minimal surfacesMinicozzi, William P., IIInternational Congress of Mathematicians. Vol. II, 853–877, Eur. Math. Soc., Zurich,2006.

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2006 Properly embedded minimal surfaces with finite topologyRos, AntonioInternational Congress of Mathematicians. Vol. II, 907–926, Eur. Math. Soc., Zurich,2006.

2006 Symmetry of entire solutions for a class of semilinear ellipticequationsSavin, OvidiuInternational Congress of Mathematicians. Vol. III, 257–265, Eur. Math. Soc., Zurich,2006.

2002 Evolution of curves and surfaces by mean curvatureWhite, BrianProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. I (Beijing, 2002), 525–538, Higher Ed. Press, Beijing, 2002.

2002 Geometry and nonlinear analysisTian, GangProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. I (Beijing, 2002), 525–538, Higher Ed. Press, Beijing, 2002.

2002 Phenomena of compensation and estimates for partial differen-tial equationsHelein, FredericProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. III (Berlin, 1998). Doc.Math. 1998, Extra Vol. III, 2130 (electronic).

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2002 Evolution of hypersurfaces by their curvature in RiemannianmanifoldsHuisken, GerhardProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. II (Berlin, 1998). Doc.Math. 1998, Extra Vol. II, 349360 (electronic).

2002 Black holes and the Penrose inequality in general relativityBray, Hubert L.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. II (Beijing, 2002), 257–271, Higher Ed. Press, Beijing, 2002.

2002 Positively curved surfaces in the three-sphereAndrews, B.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. II (Beijing, 2002), 221–230, Higher Ed. Press, Beijing, 2002.

1995 Constant mean curvature surfaces in Euclidean spacesKapouleas, NikolaosProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Zrich, 1994),481490, Birkhuser, Basel, 1995.

1987 Immersed tori of constant mean curvature in R3

Wente, Henry C.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Berkeley, Calif.,1986), 565573, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1987.

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1987 Recent progress on the classical problem of PlateauTromba, A. J.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Berkeley, Calif.,1986), 1133–1142, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1987.

1987 Two-dimensional geometric variational problemsJost, JurgenProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Berkeley, Calif.,1986), 1094–1100, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1987.

1987 Recent progress on the geometry of surfaces in R3 and on the useof computer graphics as a research toolMeeks, W. H., IIIProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Berkeley, Calif.,1986), 551–560, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1987.

1984 Recent developments in the theory of minimal surfacesSimon, LeonProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Warsaw, 1983),579–584, PWN, Warsaw, 1984.

1984 Minimal surfaces and positive scalar curvatureSchoen, Richard M.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. 1, 2 (Warsaw, 1983),575–578, PWN, Warsaw, 1984.

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1980 Minimal surfaces: tangent cones, singularities, and topologicaltypesAlmgren, F. J., Jr.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians (Helsinki, 1978), pp.767770, Acad. Sci. Fennica, Helsinki, 1980.

1980 Minimal surfaces: stability and finitenessdo Carmo, Manfredo P.Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians (Helsinki, 1978), pp.401405, Acad. Sci. Fennica, Helsinki, 1980.

1975 Variational problems and elliptic equationsBombieri, EnricoProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians (Vancouver, B.C., 1974),Vol. 1, pp. 5363. Canad. Math. Congress, Montreal, Que., 1975.

1974 Elliptic variational inequalitiesKinderlehrer, DavidProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians (Vancouver, B.C., 1974),Vol. 2, pp. 269273. Canad. Math. Congress, Montreal, Que., 1975.

1952 Singularities of minimal surfacesBers, LipmanProceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Cambridge, Mass., 1950,vol. 2, pp. 157164. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R. I., 1952.

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III. SURVEYS & EXPOSITORY ARTICLES

2017 A New Golden Age of Minimal SurfacesPerez, JoaquınNotices Amer. Math. Soc. 64 (2017), no. 4, 347 - 357.

2011 Minimal surfaces and mean curvature flowColding, Tobias H.; Minicozzi, William P., IISurveys in geometric analysis and relativity, 73–143, Adv. Lect. Math. (ALM), 20, Int.Press, Somerville, MA, 2011.

2011 The classical theory of minimal surfacesMeeks, William H., III; Perez, JoaquınBull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 48 (2011), no. 3, 325–407.

2011 The Story of GyrangleSarhangi, RezaNotices Amer. Math. Soc. 58 (2011), no. 5, 656–666.

2010 Surfaces with constant mean curvature in Euclidean spaceLopez, RafaelInt. Electron. J. Geom. 3 (2010), no. 2, 67–101.

2009 Manifolds with density and Perelman’s proof of the Poincar con-jectureMorgan, FrankAmer. Math. Monthly 116 (2009), no. 2, 134–142.

2008 About the cover: the work of Jesse Douglas on minimal surfacesGray, Jeremy; Micallef, MarioBull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 45 (2008), no. 2, 293–302.

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2003 Disks that are double spiral staircasesColding, Tobias H.; Minicozzi, William P., IINotices Amer. Math. Soc. 50 (2003), no. 3, 327–339.

2003 Mean curvature and asymptotic volume of small balls.Hulin, Dominique; Troyanov, MarcAmer. Math. Monthly 110 (2003), no. 10, 947–950.

2003 Some mathematical challenges in materials scienceTaylor, Jean E.Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 40 (2003), no. 1, 69–87.

2002 Eight remarkable properties of capillary surfacesFinn, RobertMath. Intelligencer 24 (2002), no. 3, 21–33.

2002 Some updates on isoperimetric problemsRitore, Manuel; Ros, AntonioMath. Intelligencer 24 (2002), no. 3, 9–14 .

1999 Capillary surface interfacesFinn, RobertNotices Amer. Math. Soc. 46 (1999), no. 7, 770–781 .

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1999 Complete minimal surfaces in R3

Lopez, Francisco J.; Martın, FranciscoPubl. Mat. 43 (1999), no. 2, 341–449.

1999 The visualization of mathematics: towards a mathematical ex-ploratoriumPalais, Richard S.Notices Amer. Math. Soc. 46 (1999), no. 6, 647–658.

1998 Algorithmic recognition of 3-manifoldsThompson, AbigailBull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 35 (1998), no. 1, 57–66.

1998 The mathematics of Lars Valerian Ahlfors.Gehring, Frederick; Kra, Irwin; Osserman, RobertNotices Amer. Math. Soc. 45 (1998), no. 2, 233–242.

1997 The mathematics of F. J. Almgren Jr.White, BrianNotices Amer. Math. Soc. 44 (1997), no. 11, 1451–1456.

1996 Soap bubble clustersAlmgren, Fred; Taylor, Jean E.Forma 11 (1996), no. 3, 199–207.

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1996 Open problems in soap bubble geometrySullivan, John M.; Morgan, FrankInternat. J. Math. 7 (1996), no. 6, 833–842.

1994 Mathematicians, including undergraduates, look at soap bubblesMorgan, FrankAmer. Math. Monthly 101 (1994), no. 4, 343–351.

1992 Minimal surfaces, crystals, shortest networks, and undergradu-ate researchMorgan, FrankMath. Intelligencer 14 (1992), no. 3, 37–44.

1992 Minimal surfacesCliborn, James H.; Jordan, BlakeAmer. Math. Monthly 99 (1992), no. 4, 376.

1992 Some recent developments in the theory of properly embeddedminimal surfaces in R3

Rosenberg, HaroldSeminaire Bourbaki, Vol. 1991/92. Asterisque No. 206 (1992), Exp. No. 759, 5, 463–535.

1990 Curvature in the eightiesOsserman, RobertAmer. Math. Monthly 97 (1990), no. 8, 731–756.

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1990 Minimal surfaces based on the catenoidHoffman, David; Meeks, William H., IIIAmer. Math. Monthly 97 (1990), no. 8, 702–730.

1989 The calculus of variations todayHildebrandt, StefanTranslated from the German by A. Shenitzer.Math. Intelligencer 11 (1989), no. 4, 50–60.

1989 Some recent developments in differential geometryWhite, BrianMath. Intelligencer 11 (1989), no. 4, 41–47.

1988 Area-minimizing surfaces, faces of Grassmannians, and calibra-tionsMorgan, FrankAmer. Math. Monthly 95 (1988), no. 9, 813–822.

1987 The computer-aided discovery of new embedded minimal sur-facesHoffman, DavidMath. Intelligencer 9 (1987), no. 3, 8–21.

1987 Willmore surfacesPinkall, U.; Sterling, I.Math. Intelligencer 9 (1987), no. 2, 38–43.

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1987 The surfaces of DelaunayEells, JamesMath. Intelligencer 9 (1987), no. 1, 53–57.

1983/84Minimum-area surfaces, soap films and soap bubblesIsenberg, CyrilMath. Spectrum 16 (1983/84), no. 3, 85–93.

1982 Mean curvature, the Laplacian, and soap bubblesReilly, Robert C.Amer. Math. Monthly 89 (1982), no. 3, 180–188, 197–198.

1982 Minimal surface formsAlmgren, F. J., Jr.Math. Intelligencer 4 (1982), no. 4, 164–172.

1981 A survey of the geometric results in the classical theory of mini-mal surfacesMeeks, William H., IIIBol. Soc. Brasil. Mat. 12 (1981), no. 1, 29–86.

1981 Elementary characterization of classical minimaHrusa, W.; Troutman, J. L.Amer. Math. Monthly 88 (1981), no. 5, 321–327.

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1974 Plateau’s problems and their modern ramificationsNitsche, Johannes C. C.Amer. Math. Monthly 81 (1974), 945–968.

1965 On new results in the theory of minimal surfacesNitsche, Johannes C. C.Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 71 (1965) 195–270.

1959 A remark on Enneper’s minimal surfaceNitsche, Johannes C. C.Amer. Math. Monthly 66 (1959) 295–297.

1940 Soap film experiments with minimal surfacesCourant, RichardAmer. Math. Monthly 47, (1940). 167–174.

HOJOO LEE

E-mail address: momentmaplee@gmail.com