Problems in Early Problems in Early Development:Development:

Child PsychopathologyChild Psychopathology Michael Hoerger

Child Psychopathology Day

ADHD

Sleep

Mania

Abuse

Grief

Depression

Anxiety

Enuresis

Habit

Pain

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

BackgroundBackground

Sleeper effectSleeper effect Washout effectWashout effect

What matters most?What matters most?1.1. WarmWarm

2.2. Not too strictNot too strict

3.3. Empty threatsEmpty threats

AnxietyAnxiety

Problems: fear, worries, tearsProblems: fear, worries, tears Temperament: inhibitionTemperament: inhibition Parental factors: modeling anxiety, Parental factors: modeling anxiety,

granting less autonomy, more criticalgranting less autonomy, more critical Risk factorRisk factor

Video clipVideo clip

DepressionDepression

Problems: sad, irritable, low self-esteemProblems: sad, irritable, low self-esteem Withdrawal from peersWithdrawal from peers Physical complaintsPhysical complaints Adolescent concerns of body imageAdolescent concerns of body image Suicide ratesSuicide rates

Matt Stone interviewMatt Stone interview

ADHD/Behavior ProblemsADHD/Behavior Problems

Problems: inattentive, hyper, Problems: inattentive, hyper, impulsive, disruptive, aggressiveimpulsive, disruptive, aggressive

Make up most of child cases seenMake up most of child cases seen Boys, age 3+Boys, age 3+

Source variabilitySource variability

Video interviewVideo interview

SleepSleep

Problems: resist going to bed, Problems: resist going to bed, nightmares, sleep terrors, sleep nightmares, sleep terrors, sleep walkingwalking

Stable difficulties falling asleep: Stable difficulties falling asleep: 6 months 6 months 10 years 10 years

Nightmares among 50%, fadesNightmares among 50%, fades Sleepwalking among 5%, fadesSleepwalking among 5%, fades

Habit DisordersHabit Disorders

Problems: frequent, repetitive Problems: frequent, repetitive behaviorsbehaviors

Extreme Example: TrichotillomaniaExtreme Example: Trichotillomania Mild Example: Thumb suckingMild Example: Thumb sucking

Don’t treat before age 4Don’t treat before age 4 Aversive-tasting solutionAversive-tasting solution RewardsRewards

PainPain

Half of children experience Half of children experience significant pain during medical significant pain during medical treatments, especially dentaltreatments, especially dental

Younger, girlsYounger, girls Distract the kids!Distract the kids! Think happy thoughtsThink happy thoughts Often undertreatedOften undertreated

Encopresis/EnuresisEncopresis/Enuresis

Encopresis: “involuntary loss of stool Encopresis: “involuntary loss of stool in inappropriate places”in inappropriate places” Changes in diet, toilet trainingChanges in diet, toilet training

Nocturnal Enuresis: bed wettingNocturnal Enuresis: bed wetting Age 3: 40%Age 3: 40% Age 10: 10%Age 10: 10% Age 15: 3%Age 15: 3% ““Bell and pad”Bell and pad”

Child TherapyChild Therapy

Operant conditioningOperant conditioning Attention + rewards for positive behaviorAttention + rewards for positive behavior Ignore / punish negative behaviorIgnore / punish negative behavior ““House rules”House rules”

ModelingModeling Model desired behavior + speechModel desired behavior + speech

ConsistencyConsistency EducationEducation

Child PsychiatryChild Psychiatry

Adult studiesAdult studies 700% increase in Ritalin use700% increase in Ritalin use Teachers/parents refuse responsibilityTeachers/parents refuse responsibility Effective?Effective? Long-term physical side effects are Long-term physical side effects are

unknownunknown Psychological side effects?Psychological side effects?

Michael HoergerMichael Hoerger

To cite this lecture:To cite this lecture: Hoerger, M. (2007, February 14). Hoerger, M. (2007, February 14).

Child PsychopathologyChild Psychopathology. Presented at . Presented at a PSY 220 lecture at Central a PSY 220 lecture at Central Michigan University.Michigan University.