problems ch 17. learning check which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? a. steroids and waxes b....
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PROBLEMS CH 17
![Page 2: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Learning CheckWhich lipids contain the alcohol glycerol?A. steroids and waxesB. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipidsC. sphingolipids and glycerophospholipidsD. glycerophospholipids and waxes
![Page 3: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SolutionWhich lipids contain the alcohol glycerol?A. steroids and waxesB. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipidsC. sphingolipids and glycerophospholipidsD. glycerophospholipids and waxes
Answer is B. Triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipidscontain the alcohol glycerol.
![Page 4: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Learning Check
Assign the melting point (mp) of −17°C, 13°C, or 69°C to each one of the following 18-carbon fatty acids, and list the fatty acids in order from highest to lowest melting point. Explain.A. oleic acidB. stearic acidC. linoleic acid
![Page 5: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Solution
Stearic acid is saturated and would have a higher melting point than the unsaturated fatty acids. Oleic acid, which has one double bond, has a higher mp than linoleic acid, which has two double bonds.
B. stearic acid mp 69°C saturatedA. oleic acid mp 13°C unsaturated with one
double bond C. linoleic acid mp −17°C unsaturated with two
double bonds
![Page 6: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Learning CheckDraw the condensed structural formulas for each of the fatty acids with 10 carbon atoms that follow.
A. saturated
B. monounsaturated omega-3
C. monounsaturated omega-6
![Page 7: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SolutionDraw the condensed structural formulas for each of the fatty acids with 10 carbon atoms that follow.A. saturated CH3—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—COOH
B. monounsaturated omega-3
C. monounsaturated omega-6
![Page 8: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Learning Check
What are the fatty acids in the following triacylglycerol?
CH2 (CH2)12 CH3
CH2
CH CH CH (CH2)7 CH3O (CH2)7C
O
O (CH2)16 CH3C
O
O
O
C
![Page 9: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Solution
Stearic acid
Oleic acid
Myristic acidCH2 (CH2)12 CH3
CH2
CH CH CH (CH2)7 CH3O (CH2)7C
O
O (CH2)16 CH3C
O
O
O
C
![Page 10: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Learning CheckDraw the condensed structural formula for glyceryl tripalmitoleate (tripalmitolein).
![Page 11: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SolutionDraw the condensed structural formula for glyceryl tripalmitoleate (tripalmitolein).
![Page 12: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Which of the following products is obtained from the complete hydrogenation of glyceryl trioleate?
B. glyceryltristearate
Solution
![Page 13: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Olestra, a Fat Substitute
Olestra is • used in foods as an artificial fat.• composed of 6–8 long-chain fatty acids attached
by ester links to a sucrose (not glycerol) molecule.• not broken down in the intestinal tract.
![Page 14: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Learning Check
Identify each statement as true (T) or false (F).
A. There are more unsaturated fats in vegetable oils.
B. Vegetable oils have higher melting points than fats.
C. Hydrogenation of oils converts some cis-double bonds to trans-double bonds.
D. Animal fats have more saturated fats.
![Page 15: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Solution
Identify each statement as true (T) or false (F).
T A. There are more unsaturated fats in vegetable oils.
F B. Vegetable oils have higher melting points than fats.
T C. Hydrogenation of oils converts some cis-double
bonds to trans-double bonds.
T D. Animal fats have more saturated fats.
![Page 16: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What products are obtained from the complete hydrolysis of glyceryl trioleate?A. glycerol and 3 oleic acidsB. glyceryl tristearateC. glycerol and 3 stearic acids
Learning Check
![Page 17: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What products are obtained from the complete hydrolysis of glyceryl trioleate?A. glycerol and 3 oleic acids
Solution
![Page 18: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Learning Check
Draw the condensed structural formula of theproduct of the following reaction.
O
O
CH2
O
O
CH
CH2 O
O
C
C
C
(CH2)7 CH CH
CHCH(CH2)7
CHCH(CH2)7
(CH2)5 CH3
(CH2)5 CH3
(CH2)5 CH3
+ 3H2
Ni
![Page 19: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Solution
CH2 (CH2)14
CH2
CH O C
O
O C
O
O
O
C
(CH2)14 CH3
(CH2)14 CH3
CH3
![Page 20: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Learning Check
Identify each as a fatty acid, triacylglycerol, amino alcohol or glycerophospholipid.
A. glyceryl trioleate
B. cephalin
C. choline
D. palmitic acid
![Page 21: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Solution
Identify each as a fatty acid, triacylglycerol, amino alcohol or glycerophospholipid. A. glyceryl trioleate triacylglycerol B. cephalin glycerophospholipid C. choline amino alcoholD. palmitic acid fatty acid
![Page 22: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Learning CheckIdentify the components and type of
glycerophospholipid. O ║CH2—O—C— (CH2)16—CH3
O ║CH2—O—C— (CH2)16—CH3
+
O NH3 ║ │CH2—O—P—O—CH2—CH−COO –
│ O–
![Page 23: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
SolutionIdentify the components and type of glycerophospholipid. O ║CH2—O—C— (CH2)16—CH3
O 2 Stearic acids ║CH2—O—C— (CH2)16—CH3
+
O NH3 ║ │ Type = cephalinCH2—O—P—O—CH2—CH−COO –
│ Serine O– Phosphate Amino alcohol
![Page 24: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Learning Check
Match the components of the cholesterol molecule with
each of the following: alkyl chain hydroxyl group steroid nucleus methyl group
CH3
CH3CH3
CH3
HO
CH3
AC
B
D
![Page 25: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Solution
Match the components of the cholesterol molecule with
each of the following: alkyl chain hydroxyl group steroid nucleus methyl group
CH3
CH3CH3
CH3
HO
CH3
AC
B
D
D A
C B
![Page 26: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Learning Check
Identify each of the following as a steroid, triacylglycerol, phospholipid, or sphingolipid.A. cholesterolB. glycerol, 2 fatty acids, phosphate, and cholineC. glyceryl tristearateD. sphingosine, fatty acid, phosphate, and cholineE. estradiolF. bile saltsG. lipids in plasma membranes
![Page 27: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Solution
A. cholesterol steroidB. glycerol, 2 fatty acids, phospholipid
phosphate, and cholineC. glyceryl tristearate triacylglycerol D. sphingosine, fatty acid, sphingolipid
phosphate, and cholineE. estradiol steroidF. bile salts steroidG. lipids in plasma phospholipid
membranes sphingolipid
![Page 28: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Learning CheckWhat is the transport of particles across a cell
membranefrom high concentration to low concentration called?A. facilitated transportB. diffusion (passive transport)C. active transport
![Page 29: PROBLEMS CH 17. Learning Check Which lipids contain the alcohol glycerol? A. steroids and waxes B. triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids C. sphingolipids](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062300/56649e2a5503460f94b1761d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
SolutionWhat is the transport of particles across a cell
membranefrom high concentration to low concentration called?A. facilitated transportB. diffusion (passive transport)C. active transport