problem research hypothesis (proposed solution) design experiment variable and control record...
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STRUCTURE -MATTER
Structure: Scientific MethodProblemResearchHypothesis (proposed solution)Design Experiment
Variable and controlRecord ObservationsAnalyze dataConclusion
Structure: AtomsNucleus: most of the mass
Protons –positive chargeNeutrons- neutral
Electron Cloud: most of the spaceElectrons- negative charge
MATTER: has mass and takesup space
Structure: MatterTypes of Matter
Mixtures: no set compositionHomogeneous mixHeterogeneous mix
Chemicals: set compositionpure elements: only 1 kind of atompure compounds- atoms arranged only 1 way (H2O)
Changes in MatterPhysical: no change in chemical composition (ex. change in state)Chemical: change in chemical composition (chemical reactions)
Chemical Reactions :Conservation of Masscombustion: rapid reaction with oxygen (burning)oxidation: slow reaction with oxygen (rusting)
electrolysis: separation of components through electricityTarnish: metals outer surface reaction with surrounding non metal
Structure: Matter CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics:
property observed without changing the substance
physical state, color, texture, luster, conductivity, magnetic, flexibility, density, viscosity, malleable, surface tension,ductility, boiling point, melting point etc.
Chemical Characteristics:Properties that describe the ability of a substance to change into other substances
chemical reactions ( see previous slide)
Separation of chemicals uses different properties
Structure: Matter4 States of Matter
Solidregular patternno regular pattern
LiquidGasPlasma
CONSERVATION OF MASS!!! The amount of the substance does not change
Structure: Phase Change Diagram
Structure: TemperatureLord Kelvin K – absolute temperature
scale(no negative values)
0 K is -273.15 °C and −459.67 °F
Temperature is measuring the amount of movement energy in a substance. The higher the temperature the more ‘movement energy’.