probistip 2010_vs
TRANSCRIPT
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Policy framework for implementation of
agri-environmental schemesVyara Stefanova
25 November 2010, Probistip, Macedonia
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Agrienvironmental payments
Agri-environmental payments ... should ... encouragefarmers and other land managers to serve society asa whole by introducing or continuing to apply
agricultural production methods compatible withthe protection and improvement of theenvironment, the landscape and its features,natural resources, the soil and genetic diversity.....
In accordance with the polluter-pays principle thesepayments should cover only those commitmentsgoing beyond the relevant mandatory standards.
(Council Regulation 1698/2005, Preamble paragraph 35)
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History ofAgri-Environment Policy
in the EU1985: optional for Member States, specialschemes for sensitive areas
1992: MacSharry Reforms - compulsory
accompanying measure1999: Agenda 2000/ The Rural Development
Regulation - compulsory RDR measure toprotect environment and improve countryside,according to need
2005: EAFRD - Axis 2, delivery of biodiversitytargets, Natura 2000, WaterFrameworkDirective, Climate
2008: Increased emphasis within EAFRD on
new challenges as a result of the CAP HealthCheck.
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Current legislation forAgr-
environmental schemes
Set out in Articles 39 & 40, Council
Regulation 1698/2005 (European Agricultural
Fund for Rural Development EAFRD) Article 39: Agri-Environment Payments area
payments
Article 40: Non-Productive Investments
capital works
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Axis 2: Improving the environment and
countryside Resources to contribute to 3 EU-level priority areas:
Biodiversity, high nature value farming and forestrysystems and traditional agricultural landscapes
Water
Climate change
Must integrate objectives and help achieve:
Implementation of the Natura 2000 network
Commitment to reverse biodiversity decline by 2010
Meeting the objectives of the WaterFrameworkDirective
Kyoto protocol obligations.
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Current AE requirements
Voluntary agreements to farmers and other landmanagers
Site specific management requirements
Agreements between 5 7 years Annual payments for actions that go beyond the
regulatory baseline Area payments - payments based on actual expenditure, income
foregone, and where necessary, transaction costs
Non-productive investments - non-remunerative investmentrelated to agri-environmental objectives, to enhance the publicamenity value of Natura 2000 sites or other high nature valueareas.
Minimum expenditure on Axis 2 = 25%
National co-financing required Im ortance of monitorin and evaluation..
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Support for Agri-environment Policies and Programming in Serbia
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Different implementation approaches
across EU-27
Member States have the freedom to design agri-environment schemes according tonational/regional priorities. They differ in three
key ways: Expenditure
Focus: Broad and shallow vs narrow and deep (maintenance;
enhancement; restoration and creation)
Environmental objectives (biodiversity, landscape, resourceprotection)
Farm type (livestock, arable etc)
Geographic coverage: geographically delimited and/orwhole territory
.
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Negative Incentives
(Enforcement of the Polluter PaysPrinciple)
Positive Incentives
(Agri-environment Payments)
Environmental
Improvement
Environmental Target
Reference Level
Profitable Farming
Provision of Environmental Benefits Versus AvoidingHarmful Effects
Free-of charge Provision of
environmental benefits
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The reference level
Baseline above which public payments are justified
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EU legislation National legislation
Cross-compliance (Pillar 1 and Axis 2 of Pillar 2)
Statutory Management Requirements (SMRs)
Standards of Good Agricultural and EnvironmentalCondition (GAEC)
.
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Good Agricultural and Environmental
Condition (GA
EC) GAEC - intended to form a baseline level of
environmental protection, alongside the SMRs.
MS discretion in implementation - should take
account of soil and climatic condition, farmingsystems, land use and crop rotation
GAEC standards may be used to: re-enforce existing national legislation:
introduce additional requirements
..Policies and .
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GAEC Standards
.
Issue Compulsory Standards Optional Standards
Soil Erosion Minimum soil cover
Minimum land management
reflecting site specific conditions
Retain terraces
Soil Organic Matter Arable stubble management Standards for crop rotations
Soil Structure Appropriate machinery use
Ensure a minimum level
of maintenance & avoid
the deterioration of
habitats
Retention of landscape features
Avoiding the encroachment of
unwanted vegetation on agricultural
land
Protection of permanent pasture
Minimum livestock stocking rates
and/or appropriate regimes
Prohibition of grubbing up olive
trees
Maintenance of olive groves &
vines in good vegetative condition
Protection &
management ofwater
Establishment of buffer strips along
water courses
Compliance with authorisation
procedures for irrigation water
Source: Annex III, Council Regulation 73/2009
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IPA
RDA
E Legal basis
Article 12 (2) of Council Regulation (EC) No
1085/2006 on establishing an Instrument for
Pre- Accession Assistance (IPA) Article 177 of Regulation (EC) No 718/2007
on implementing Council Regulation (EC)
1085/2006 establishing an instrument for pre-
accession assistance (IPA)
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Objectives contribution to the preparation of the Candidate
Country for the future implementation of agri-environmental/animal welfare measures under MS
assistance application of agricultural production methods
compatible with the protection and improvement ofthe environment, the landscape and its features,natural resources, the soil and genetic diversity
adaptation of high standards of animal welfare byproviding support for farmers who undertake to adoptstandards of animal husbandry going beyondrelevant mandatory standards
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Beneficiaries
Farmers and other land managers who
undertake commitments for five years can be
beneficiaries of the measure. Definition of farmer to be developed by a
Candidate Country and described in IPARD
Program.
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Pilot measures Measures at pilot level, targeted on limited number of areas, geographically well-
defined with identified environmental objectives,
develop practical experience with measures implementation at both theadministrative and farm level,
rules set out in the Council Regulation 1698/2005 and in the CommissionRegulation 1974/2006 can be applied
Experimental nature of the pilot measure
do not replicate measures that the country already has experience with
Restricted number of intervention areas and individual projects covering chosenpriorities
help in implementation of Community policies
raise awareness among a large group of potential beneficiaries
the pilot dimension of measures not linked to a territorial factor (e.g. organicfarming), can be based on the limitation of potential beneficiaries e.g. developingonly an organic scheme for fruit and vegetables
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Commitments Voluntary agri-environmental actions, going beyond mandatory
standards
Commitments in line with the priorities described in IPARD
Program Number of the selected commitments appropriate to country
needs as well as implementing capacity of the administration
Commitments advised on the basis of diagnosis
Examples of commitments: organic farming, diversification ofcrop rotation, actions to conserve soil, actions to maintain
agricultural habitats, management of pastures, birds protection
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Mandatory standards for agri-
environmental measures Set of standards legally binding identified by a Candidate Country as
well as described in IPARD program
Easily verifiable as well as manageable by the competent nationalauthority
To be respected by farmers as entry condition for a commitment Mandatory standards in agri- environmental commitments can refer to
the ones applicable in Member States
standards relating to soil erosion, organic matter, soil structure andminimum level of maintenance, protection and management ofwater
standards in the area of public, animal and plant health;
environment; animal welfare minimum requirements for fertiliser and plant protection product use
other mandatory standards established by national legislation
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Payments
Payments granted annually to beneficiaries who makeon a voluntary basis commitment going beyond
mandatory standards Level of support determined by Candidate Country
based on a calculation
Maximum level of support defined by Annex toRegulation 1698/2005
Annual crops: 600 EUR/hectare
Specialised perennial crops: 900 EUR/hectare
Other land uses: 450 EUR/hectare
Local breeds in danger of being lost: 200 EUR/livestock unit
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Calculation
The reference point for calculating a level of support
is the relevant mandatory standard referring to the
commitment- a baseline
The general principle of a calculation is a comparison
between a baseline and a commitment
The difference (additional costs and income forgone)
is compensated under this measure
Methodology to calculate the level of support to be
described in IPARD program.
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Steps towards designing the measure
Setting priorities on the basis of the strategy including analysis of thesituation in terms of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats
Consultation with environmental stakeholders, NGOs, public authoritiesand other bodies to identify environmental problems in Candidate
Countries Identification of pilot zones with defined environmental problems
Design measures on the basis of identified environmental priorities onthe selected pilot areas as well as relation with agricultural activities
Identification of mandatory standards in Candidate Countries followedby preparation of the legislation (if necessary)
Establishment of contacts with scientific institutes to prepare
calculations of premium under measures Design implementing and controlling structures within the
administration
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