Probation service inProbation service in

NorwayNorway

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Facts about NorwayFacts about Norway

Inhabitants – 4.9 mill

Prison capacity - 3582 inmates

Total number of cases/sentences started up in 2010 in the Probation service - 4207

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The development of theThe development of theProbation service activities in Probation service activities in

NorwayNorway

1840 NGOs started with «aftercare» for released1840 NGOs started with «aftercare» for released prisoners prisoners

1917 Conditional sentence with probation order1917 Conditional sentence with probation order 1991 Community service1991 Community service 1996 ”Drunk drivers program”1996 ”Drunk drivers program” 2002 Community sentence2002 Community sentence 2006 Drug Treatment Courts (Pilots)2006 Drug Treatment Courts (Pilots) 2008 Electronic Monitoring (Pilots)2008 Electronic Monitoring (Pilots)

Presentence reports Presentence reports

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Community sentenceCommunity sentenceExecution of Sentences Act 2002Execution of Sentences Act 2002

New punishment from 2002New punishment from 2002 30 – 420 hours30 – 420 hours Average 90 hoursAverage 90 hours Replaces up to one year unconditional imprisonmentReplaces up to one year unconditional imprisonment Completion within a time set by the courtCompletion within a time set by the court The court also set length of the period of subsidiary The court also set length of the period of subsidiary

imprisonment in every individual sentenceimprisonment in every individual sentence Can consist of unpaid work, assessments, treatment, Can consist of unpaid work, assessments, treatment,

mediation, individual conversations, participation in mediation, individual conversations, participation in programs, other activities.programs, other activities.

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• A Community A Community ssentence must include entence must include oone-ne-to-one to-one cconversations concerning the onversations concerning the ooffence in ffence in qquestion and the uestion and the pprevention of revention of nnew ew ooffences, an ffences, an aassessment and an ssessment and an eevaluationvaluation

Contents requirementsContents requirements

• Standards say Standards say mmaximum 70 % aximum 70 % uunpaid npaid wwork ork

Contents:Contents:

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Contents in 2009Contents in 2009

20082008 20092009

Unpaid workUnpaid work 63.0 %63.0 % 6060..00 % %

Individual conversationsIndividual conversations 7.1 %7.1 % 66.7 %.7 %

Participation in programsParticipation in programs 4.7 % 4.7 % 5.5.77 % %

AssessmentAssessment 3.4 % 3.4 % 3.3 %3.3 %

TreatmentTreatment 1.8 % 1.8 % 1.2 %1.2 %

MediationMediation 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.2 %0.2 %

Other activitiesOther activities 19.9 %19.9 % 22.22.99 % %

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BreachBreach

New offence – Police matterNew offence – Police matter

Breach of conditions in unpaid workBreach of conditions in unpaid work Breach of other conditionsBreach of other conditions

One warning – One warning –

then the case is taken to court by the Probation then the case is taken to court by the Probation serviceservice

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Number of community sentences Number of community sentences

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Evaluation 2002 - 2005Evaluation 2002 - 2005Characteristics of the offendersCharacteristics of the offenders

•Average age in 2005 = 29 years oldAverage age in 2005 = 29 years old

•Some 30 % is sentenced for the first timeSome 30 % is sentenced for the first time•70 % is single70 % is single•20 % has completed secondary education20 % has completed secondary education•Slightly under 50% was not in a job or in Slightly under 50% was not in a job or in schoolschool•25 % had contact with Child Protection 25 % had contact with Child Protection before their 16th birthdaybefore their 16th birthday•43 % reported mental health problems or 43 % reported mental health problems or addictionaddiction

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Evaluation 2002 - 2005Evaluation 2002 - 2005

Offence patternOffence pattern

•25 % narcotics offences25 % narcotics offences

• 20 % property offences20 % property offences

• 20 % violent offences20 % violent offences

• 16 % fraud16 % fraud

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Breach and completionBreach and completion

• Juveniles breach more oftenJuveniles breach more often

Evaluation 2002 - 2005Evaluation 2002 - 2005

Breach of Breach of conditionsconditions

374374 7,5 %7,5 %

Breach by Breach by new offencenew offence

318318 6,4 %6,4 %

No breachNo breach 42654265 86,1 %86,1 %

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Drunk drivers programDrunk drivers program

Started for «drunk drivers» in 1996In 2008 it was extended to all kind of

driving under influence (of alcohol or narcotics)

Is based upon the system with Conditional sentence with probation order

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Drunk drivers programDrunk drivers program

10 months with follow up from the Probation service

Consists of training in groups, individual conversations, control and assessment of need for treatment.

The goal is not to prevent the offender from drinking, but to prevent the offender from drinking and driving.

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Drunk drivers programDrunk drivers program

2004 = 450 sentences

2010 = 582 sentences

2010 = 84% fulfilled the program 16% breached the program

Challenge: To high geographical differences.

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Prisoners released on probationPrisoners released on probation

2/3 of the prison sentenceIf necessary because of security reasons,

supervision from Probation can be decidedThe supervision period is between 1 month

and 1 year, usually it is 3 monthApproximately 800 were released on

probation in 2010

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2 pilots2 pilots

1. DRUG TREATMENT COURTS

In just the 2 biggest cities of Norway, Oslo and Bergen.A special punishment for drug abusers. Close cooperation between the District Court, Police, the Social service, the Health authorities and the Probation service.

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2 pilots2 pilots

2. ELECTRONIC MONITORING

Is in almost half of Norway.Can be for prison sentences up to 4 months or the last 4 months of a longer prison sentence.The offender must have a home, have consent from other adult familimembers, and must go to work/school during daytime.

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Presentence reportsPresentence reports

Is mandatory before sentence to;Drunk drivers program and Drug Treatment Court.

Are often written before Communicty service sentence.

In 2010 – 2399 reports were requested 1866 reports were written

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Presentence reportsPresentence reports

No rule saying it must be written for minor offenders.

Lack of common standard for when presentence reports shall be requested.

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My My recommendationsrecommendations for Moldova for Moldova

1. Remember how fragile the Probation service is.

2. Focus on quality in few tasks, compared to increase the number of tasks.3. Have a strategy for telling your succsess- stories to the people of Moldova.4. Try to find so many meeting points with judges, prosecutors and prison staff as possible.

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My recommandations for MoldovaMy recommandations for Moldova

5. Probation can not help offenders with all

their needs. Be clear on the responsibility from other services in your community.

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Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!

Hans-Gunnar Hans-Gunnar SteyStey

NORLAMNORLAM

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