prioritising climate smart agriculture
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Presentation by Andy Jarvis, Theme Leader, CCAFS at the at the CCAFS Workshop on Institutions and Policies to Scale out Climate Smart Agriculture held between 2-5 December 2013, in Colombo, Sri Lanka.TRANSCRIPT
PRIORITIZING
CLIMATE SMART AGRICULTURE
Development of decision support tools
© CIAT © CIMMYT © Reuters
1 January 2013
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• Action at the national level moves from vulnerability
analysis to adaptation
• Governments looking for means to prioritise
adaptation options: from shopping lists to portfolios
of actions
• Climate finance and multi-lateral donors looking for
tools to direct their investment (IFAD, WorldBank,
USAID)
Significant
Demand
Scalable climate smart technologies….
A MAC curve for CSA adaptation
1 January 2013
Liderado por
• Indicators: what are we trying to achieve with a
climate smart practice, technology, or program?
• Adaptation, mitigation, food security
• CSA Compendium: What options are available?
• Prioritisation: Which options (or portfolio of options)
are worth investing in?
• Partnership: WorldBank, IFAD, FAO, CARE, USAID
• Theme 1, Theme 4, LAM, SA, ICRAF, CIAT
• University of the Andes, Clemsen University
• Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
(Colombia)
Components of a
CSA prioritisation
tool
CSA Drivers
Food Security & Productivity
Adaptation Mitigation
Performance Areas
Social
Environmental
Economic
Some “simple” indicators to start with..
Social Environmental Economic
Food
security Productivity Employment
Eco-efficiency
Benefit-generation Potential
Product Historical Variability
Adaptation Institutional
Enhancement
Erosion Land Use Changes Benefits Generation
Potential Mitigation Mitigation
CSA Compendium:
What is the evidence behind CSA?
CGIAR expert survey
Meta-analysis of
peer-reviewed lit.
Sept 2012 –
Ongoing
Capture recent
or ongoing research
Evaluate
previously
completed research
Robust evidence base defining the potential ‘what and where’ for CSA
• Includes non-CGIAR research
• Scientifically
verified through peer-review
• Quantitative
assessment of evidence
• Virtual library currently over 1200 peer-reviewed articles in Mendeley
• Subject to publication bias
• Forward looking, state-of-the-art
• Litmus test of
CGIAR engagement
• Mostly in-progress research
• Subject to (self) selection and sampling bias
Crowdsourcing evidence for CSA and
climate resilient practice
Extendabl
e
Searchable
relational
database of
evidence
supplied by
users
Bioversity, CCAFS, & ICRAF
www.agrobiodiversity.org/refar
m/
Quantitative assessment of Farm-level CSA
evidence
(Meta-analysis)
Practice
Potential
articles located
(#)
Articles matching
selection criteria
(#)
Obs. in current
database (#)
Integrated
nutrient
management
162 57 1332
Agroforestry 129 44 414
Manure
management
159 18 408
Pasture
management
166 25 667
Total1 >3000 1276 -
ICRAF, CIAT
1Includes a range of practices
Virtual library of peer-reviewed CSA articles
`
>1200
paper
s
1,276
Searchabl
e
FRE
E!
ICRAF, CIAT
CSA Compendium
Informs CSA prioritization tool
• Overcome barrier of lack of information about possible CSA options in a given context
Informs future research agendas
• Identify gaps in the literature based on CSA pillar, CSA practice, geographic region, etc.
Knowledge Hub for CSA researchers and practitioners
• Crowdsourcing to develop database, with reliability of data marked
CSA Prioritization Tool
• Users: National policy makers, Ministries, Donors
• Objective: Meet demand to move from shopping lists of CSA options to best-bet portfolios
• Stakeholder driven: inclusive participatory process
• Simple: timeline 3-6 months
• Flexible: process can be modified based on level of detail desired and constraints in data, capacity, time, and resources, and still provide decision support
• Capture Tradeoffs between CSA pillars and social, environmental, economic dimensions of pillars
• Barriers and Constraints to adoption addressed related to portfolio options to improve implementation
CSA Prioritization Tool - Process
Assess tradeoffs
• for each practice between
indicators of CSA pillars and
social, economic, and
environmental domains
• between practices within a
portfolio
Pilots will be conducted starting mid-2014 in Mali, Viet Nam, and Colombia
The Climate Smart Agriculture Decision Support Platform was constructed to provide access to a broad database of CSA practices that have been tested around the world. This information is aimed at aiding endeavors such as identifying what CSA options exist for different contexts and gaps in research. We welcome you to search our database and contribute your own information to the compendium. Our prioritization tool we developed to identify best options for specific contexts.
Latin America
Colombia
- All -
- All -
- All -
- All - Journal Articles
CSA Compendium Search Results Indicators
PRO Productivity (PRO)
EEF Eco-Efficiency (EEF)
FBP Financial Benefit Potential (FBP)
HVP Historic Variability in Production (HVP)
ERS Erosion (ERS)
RES Resilience Building (RES)
LUC Land Use Change (LUC)
MIT Mitigation (MIT)
EMP Employment (EMP)
EEF HVP
CSA Compendium Search Results
EEF HVP EEF HVP
Indicators
PRO Productivity (PRO)
EEF Eco-Efficiency (EEF)
FBP Financial Benefit Potential (FBP)
HVP Historic Variability in Production (HVP)
ERS Erosion (ERS)
RES Resilience Building (RES)
LUC Land Use Change (LUC)
MIT Mitigation (MIT)
EMP Employment (EMP)
CSA Compendium Search Results CSA Compendium Search Results
EEF HVP EEF HVP
Indicators
PRO Productivity (PRO)
EEF Eco-Efficiency (EEF)
FBP Financial Benefit Potential (FBP)
HVP Historic Variability in Production (HVP)
ERS Erosion (ERS)
RES Resilience Building (RES)
LUC Land Use Change (LUC)
MIT Mitigation (MIT)
EMP Employment (EMP)
CSA Compendium Search Results
CSA Compendium Search Results
Dimensions of
CSA Pillars CSA Pillars
Practice CBA Quality
1 Silvopastoral Systems 1.5 2.11
2 Efficient Use of Fertilizer 1.4 2.87
3 Improved Forages 1.3 2.85
4 Biogas 1.2 2.36
5 Grass-Legume Association 1.2 2.11
6 Water harvest structure 1.2 2.08
7 Silage, haylage and nutritional blocks 1 2.01
9 Early warning systems 1 1.89
Ranked List of Practices
The Enabling Environment – AgClim
Readiness • Enabling governance and business contexts. Governments need
to establish an environment where farmers and the farming and food services sector can operate productively.
• Functioning agriculture and food sectors. One pre-condition for scaling up climate-smart agriculture is a functioning agriculture and food sector.
• Supportive national climate change policies and institutions. Governments need to recognise the general climate change challenge and put in place mechanisms to support climate change action and to inform the citizenry about climate change impacts and options to address the challenge.
• Enabling policies and institutions for building climate resilience in agriculture and in rural livelihoods. A range of policies and institutions need to be in place to support the scaling up of climate smart agriculture.
• Attention to the mitigation challenge in agriculture. Climate-smart agricultural initiatives should at least recognise the emission challenges in agriculture.
Conclusions
• Simple approaches that can be applied at national levels
to make complex decisions
• A challenge to strike the balance: practical, actionable
information for very complex range of issues
• Participatory processes for prioritization enable buy-in for
implementation, but also fills key information gaps
• Need for holistic view: indicators, CSA compendium,
prioritization tools
• Solve two problems in one:
• Prioritize CSA
• Generate more data and evidence on CSA
• We are looking for pilots to trial this out in 2014!