printed vs conventional electronics · printed vs conventional electronics . ... fr b3 i2 fr b3 i3...

Prof. Bruno Andò, University of Catania

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Printed vs Conventional Electronics


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Printed Electronics: Introduction

Printed Electronics

Printed Sensors

Inkjet Wearable electronics (Active clothing)

Smart Labels (RFID+sensors)

Disposable devices (biomedical) …

Low Costs/Good Performances

Flexible substrates


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Technology Advantages Drawbacks

Screen Printing several materials complex multilayer

masks low resolution time consuming high cost production

Low cost Inkjet Printing

good resolution No masks rapid prototyping low cost system low cost production

restricted kinds of materials

Professional Inkjet Printing

high resolution several materials rapid prototyping Low cost production

high cost system

Mixed Screen & Inkjet Printing

good resolution several materials

masks time consuming high cost

Overview of Printing techniques

Rap

id p

roto

typ

ing Why rapid prototyping?

Application contexts • labscale prototype

• research laboratories

• educational activities

• customized devices


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Electronics Engineering

Chemistry

Printed Electronics: Required Skills

Physics

MEMS & NEMS Technologies

Inks

Printing Sytems

Substrates

C

H

A

L

L

E

N

G

E

S

Before entering the market various technological improvements are still needed.


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Printed Electronics: Inks

INKS Conductors: electrical conducting polymers for structures of electrodes

Semiconductors: electrical semi conducting polymers for transistors and diodes

Dielectrics: electrical insulating polymers to divide between semi-conducting and conducting layers

Functional: a polymer whose properties are function of some physical quantities of interest

Conductive Polymers

Metal Particle Inks

PEDOT:PSS PANI

•Suitable for functional layers; •Low conductivity;

•Suitable for electrodes; •High conductivity; •Nozzle occlusion problem


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Università Degli Studi di Catania

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iste

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Inkjet Printing Systems

Everyday desktop printer Dimatix DMP 2800

www.dimatix.com

Microdrop inkjet system www.microdrop.de

Litrex M-Series inkjet system www.litrex.com

One Printing system for each application

context!!! Precision and accuracy Throughput/speed and productivity Maintenance and reliability Compatibility with electronic fluids Compatibility with the substrate


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•Metalon® JS-B15P Water-based nano-Silver ink specially formulated for piezo inkjet printing methods.

-High conductivity -Compatible with porous substrates (PET)

•A commercial printer •Postprocessing

Low COST Technology

Resistivity 48 cm

Sheet Resistance 1600 m/

Viscosity 1-5 cps

Ag content 15%


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Electron microscopy (SEM) inspection of electrodes with a track width of 200 m. A spacing of 150m does not assure tracks insulation.

Below 200 μm

Electrodes analysis

Over 200 μm

Electron microscopy (SEM) images of the silver layer deposited on the device. The silver layer is quite homogeneous. An approximated thickness of 1.90 µm has been estimated.


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Strain Gauges @DIEEI

Dev

ice

Leg

ht

Tracks Width

Track Spacing

LAYOUT

SG1 SG2 SG3

Track Width (m) 200 200 200

Spacing (m) 300 300 300

Length (cm) 1,0 1,5 2,0

Resistance R0 266,0 1,9% 563,2 2,8% 862,8 2,2%

Gage Factor 21 17 15

Uncertainty band ±1.17 10-4 ± 1.50 10-4 ±2.40 10-4

Resolution() 1.2 1.4 1.9

Repeatibility(%) 2.70 10-3 2.67 10-3 3.04 10-3

Metalon® JS-B15P


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LOW ACCELERATION LOW ACCELERATION

HIGH ACCELERATION

IJP Bistable Beam@DIEEI

IJP technology can be used to: •Validate simulations & models •Realize the device

1 cm

5 cm

A PET beam isused as substrate

L=10 cm W=1.5 cm ΔY=0.15 cm

A printed STRAIN GAUGE isused to convert the mechanicalsingnl into electricall signal

A CLAMP is usedto fix the beam

Non linear STB devices can be used to implement swicthes, harvesters,…..


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1 c

m

5 cm

Sub

stra

te

IDT

elec

tro

des

Act

ive

M

ater

ial

ZnO

, PZT

IJP harvester@DIEEI


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APPLICATION POINTS

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

distribuzione interpolata 3D

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Testing the reliability of materials and prosthesys health,by monitoring the Tibio-Femoral stress.

MUX

IJP sensors for Bio-medical measurements@DIEEI


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IJP Inclinometer@ DIEEI

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Time (s)

Ou

tpu

t V

olt

ag

e (

V)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Tilt (°)

Ou

tpu

t V

olt

ag

e (

V)

experimental data

linear model


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IJP Mass Sensor @DIEEI

1.9 cm

4.6

7 cm

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.355.5

6

6.5

7

7.5

8

8.5

9

9.5

10

10.5

11

Mass (g)

Fre

quency (

Hz)

Frequency trend (B3 fixed)

fr B3 I1

fr B3 I2

fr B3 I3

fr B3 I4

fr B3 I5

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4-0.03

-0.02

-0.01

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

Time (s)

Voltage (

V)

Filtered impulse response (B1 I5 M0)

Impulse response operation

1 2 3 4 5

Current I

(mA)

20 30 40 50 60

Magnetic

field B (G)

2799 1606 945


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Load sensor @ DIEEI

IDT Silver Ink

Rubber Dielectric Layer

PET SubstrateProtective Layer

PMMA Support

PET

Rubber layer

Tracks thickness: 200 nm Rubber thickness: 800 µm Rubber dielectric constant: 3 F/m. Protective layer thickness: 100 µm Assembled structure capacitance: 6 pF.


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Realization of the load sensor

IDT Silver Ink

Rubber Dielectric Layer

PET SubstrateProtective Layer

PMMA Support

PET


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Analog Readout Strategy

0 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 17.5 20 22.5 25 27.5 300.2

0.225

0.25

0.275

0.3

0.325

0.35

0.375

0.4

0.425

0.45

Measurement Samples (g)

Vo

ltag

e A

mp

litu

de

(V)

2508.00063.0 mV

This linear trend is justified by: •The linear relationship between the bridge output signal and the Strain •The linear relationship between the Strain and the Stress (load)

0.24 0.26 0.28 0.3 0.32 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.4 0.42 0.44-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Ma

ss (

g)

Voltage Amplitude (V)


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PEDOT PANI GRAPHENE ZnO

Cl2 X

CH4 X X

CO X X

CO2 X X

H2 X

H2S X

NO X

NO2 X X X

NH3 X X X

IJP GAS sensors @DIEEI

Pedot based NH3 sensor

IDT Silver Inkthickness: 200nm

PET Substratethickness: 200um

PHCV4-TQ Layerthickness: 12um


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PEDOT PANI GRAPHENE ZnO

Cl2 X

CH4 X X

CO X X

CO2 X X

H2 X

H2S X

NO X

NO2 X X X

NH3 X X X

IJP GAS sensors @DIEEI

Pedot/Graphene based CO2 sensor

Supply & conditioning

Characterization chamber

DAQ

CO2

USB

Valve Flow switch

Functiongenerator

USB/GPIB

LM35

Humiditysensor

CO2

referencesensor

CO2 sensingsystem

FAN

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 50000.09

0.095

0.1

0.105

0.11

0.115T=50°C

CO2 Concentration [ppm]

dR

/R

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 50000.095

0.1

0.105

0.11

0.115

0.12T=60°C

CO2 Concentration [ppm]

dR

/R


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Floating Mass Inertial Sensor

A pyrolitic graphite tile is rejected by an intense magnetic field and floats stable at a heigh of 0.8 mm

An inductive readout strategy has been used to convert the plate movement into an electric signal


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Floating Mass Inertial Sensor

Calibration curve @ 2Hz

printed vs conventional electronics · printed vs conventional electronics . ... fr b3 i2 fr b3 i3...

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