principles of health education
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. Shivashankar.K.Department of Public Health
Dentistry
PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION
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Introduction
Definition of Health Education.
Aim and Specific Objectives of Health Education.
Communication process
Practice
Main principles of Health Education.
Types of Health Education.
Different approaches in Health Education.
CONTENTS
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Latin word “Educare” and “Educere” which
means to bring out and to lead
Imparting information about health
Motivating the recipient to use the information
provided.
Vital for prevention
INTRODUCTION
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Health education is a process that informs, motivates and helps people adopt and maintain healthy practices and lifestyles, advocates environmental changes as needed to facilitate this goal and conducts professional training and research to the same end
- National Conference on Preventive Medicine U.S.A
DEFINITION
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Communicator: the person or the team give the message (Educator). Message: the contents (materials) of health educationChannel: method of carrying the messageAudience: the receivers (users or targets) of the message
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
SENDER MESSAGE CHANNEL RECIEVER
FEEDBACK
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Source credibility.
Clear message.
Good channel: individual, group & mass education.
Receiver: ready, interested, not occupied.
Feed back.
Observe non-verbal cues.
Active listing.
Establishing good relationship.
GOOD COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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AIM
Aims of Health education
Health promotion and disease prevention.
Early diagnosis and management.
Utilization of available
health services.
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Informing people
Motivating people
Guiding into action
OBJECTIVES
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1-Individual
Face to face
Education through spoken word.
A- Occasions of health appraisal.
B- Home visits Nurses
Health visitors
Social workers
PRACTICE
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2-Group
a. Lessons and lectures in schools.
b. lectures in work places e.g. factories.
c. Demonstration and training
3- Mass media.
1. Broadcasting: radio & TV.
2. Written word: newspapers, posters, booklets.
3. Others e,g, theaters.
PROCESS
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1. Credibility• Degree to which the message is perceived as trustworthy
by the receiver.
• Scientifically proven
• Compatible with culture and social goals
2. Interest • Listening
• Felt needs should be assessed
PRINCIPLES
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3. Participation• Encourage participation
• Leads to acceptance
• Group discussion, panel discussion
4. Motivation• The fundamental desire for learning in an individual
• Primary motives- inborn desires
• Secondary motives- results of outside force
• Eg, teen ager- esthetics and adults economic
PRINCIPLES
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5. Comprehension• Level of understanding of the receiver
• Determine the level of literacy and understanding of the audience
• Never use new or strange words
• Avoid Technical or medical words
Eg, eat food items which are non cariogenic
6. Reinforcement• Repetition
• Learning new things in short period is not possible
• Booster dose
PRINCIPLES
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7. Learning by doing• Learning process should be accomplished by doing
• Chinese proverb
Eg. Brushing technique
8. Known to unknown• How much the people already know
• Existing knowledge can be used as basis step
PRINCIPLES
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9. Setting an exampleShould follow what he preaches
Eg. Anti tobacco counseling
10. Good human relationsGood personal qualities
Maintain friendly relations with the people
Helpful
Clarify doubts of people.
PRINCIPLES
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11. Feedback To find out any modification is necessary to make program more effective
12. Community leadersLeaders will have a good rapport
Familiar with people of their community
Will have better understanding about the needs of their community
Eg. Head of the village, headmasters.
PRINCIPLES
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13. Soil, seed and sower• Soil- people• Seeds- health facts (truthful)• Sower- transmitting media (attractive, palatable and
acceptable)
PRINCIPLES
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Social and cultural gap between the sender and the receiver
Limited receptiveness of receiver
Negative attitude of the sender
Limited understanding and memory
Insufficient emphasis by the sender (health professional)
Contradictory messages
Health education without identifying the “needs "of the community
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION
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STAGES OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Stages For Health Education
Stage of Sensitization
Stage of Publicity
Stage of Education
Stage of Attitude change
Stage of Motivation and Action
Stage of Community Transformation (social change)
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STAGES OF PRACTICE
Stages of adoption of new ideas
Stage of unawareness
Stage of awareness
Stage of interest
Stage of evaluation
Stage of trial
Stage of adoption
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Approaches To Health Education.
Individual Approach
Counseling.
Clinic Consultation.
On-site Visit.
Group Approach
Lectures.
Group Or Panel Discussion.
Workshop, Seminars.
Mass Approach
Radio, T.V
Newspapers.
Printed Materials.
Internet
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1. Soben peter. Essentials of preventive and community dentistry. 4th edition.
2. Park.K. Textbook of preventive and social medicine. 16th edition
3. Joseph John textbook of preventive and community and preventive dentistry. 2nd edition.
REFERENCES
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Thank you