This is the most important section of Non-Verbal Reasoning. In these questions a series of figures is given as problem figures and the candidates are asked to select one of the figure from the set of answer figures which will continue the given sequence.

In order to solve these questions, students are supposedto have a clear vision of different movement and addition/deletion of figures rotation. The movement of a block (figure)around a fixed point is known as rotation. The simplest example of rotation is the movement of hour and minute hands of theclock. When a body rotates in the direction of the hands of theclock, the movement is known as clockwise movement andwhen a body rotates in the opposite direction of the hands of the clock, the movement is known as anti-clockwise movement.

Type 1

In these type of questions, a series of figures is given whichproceeds following a certain rule. This series is known as problemfigures and is followed by another series of figures known asanswer figures. Students are required to select one figure from the

series of answer figures which follows the rule of problem figuresand represents the next figure in the series. This type has beenexplained in the following examples.Ex. 1 :

Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : It is clear from the pattern of series that the outer figurerotates through an angle of 45° in each subsequent blockwhereas the inner figure rotates through an angle of 90° in each subsequent block. Hence, the correct answer figureis (d).

Ex. 2 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Arrow rotates through an angle of 90° and 45°anticlockwise alternatively and inner figure rotatesthrough an angle of 90° and 45° clockwise in alternateblocks. Hence, the correct answer figure is (d).

Ex. 3 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Clockwise rotation Anti-clockwise rotation

90°

90°anti-clockwiserotation

90°clockwiserotation

Originalposition

90°

II

45°45°45°anti-clockwiserotation

45°clockwiserotation

Originalposition

I

180°anti-clockwiserotation

180°clockwiserotation

Originalposition

180°

III

180°

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

< <

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Completion of Series

NON-VERBAL REASONING

Sol. : The arrow rotates clockwise making an angle of 45°, 90°,

135° and 180° in each subsequent block and the dot

rotates in the same way anti-clockwise. Thus, the arrow

and dot will make an angle of 225° clockwise and

anti-clockwise, respectively. Hence, the correct answer

figure is (e).

Ex. 4 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The inner figure is rotating making an angle of 135°

anti-clockwise in each subsequent block. Hence, the

correct answer figure is (c).

Addition and Deletion of Designs : In this type of

questions, addition and deletion of designs in the figures take

place. Such addition and deletion of designs can happen

alongwith rotation and similar movement of figures.

Ex. 5 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : It is clear from here that figures rotate clockwise and

anti-clockwise making an angle of 90° alternatively and

one figure is deleted in every alternate block. Hence, the

correct answer figure is (e).

Ex. 6 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Figure rotates 45° anticlockwise in each block and one

line is added to its top and bottom alternatively. Hence,

the correct answer figure is (a).

Ex. 7 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The number of sides in the outer figure is increased by

one and number of sides in the inner figure is decreased

by one side successively in each block. Hence, the correct

answer figure is (d).

Ex. 8 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : In each sebsequent figures, 0, 1, 2, 3, … lines are added

alternatively in anti-clockwise and clockwise directions.

Hence, the correct answer figure is (c).

Ex. 9 :

Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : In problem figure (2), two lines disappear. Similarly,

from figures (2) to (3), two lines disappear. But from

figure (3) to (4), only one line disappears. Again from

figure (4) to (5), two lines disappear. Therefore, in

answer figure there should be only three lines. Hence,

the correct answer figure is (d).

004

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Completion of Series

NON-VERBAL REASONING

005

Ex. 10 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol : Here deletion of design in the figure takes place with the

change in the figures. Arrow is deleted in the block

skipping alternate block with the reversal in design.

Similarly, base is also reversed with alternate shifting of

shaded portion. Hence, the correct answer figure is (e).

Replacement and Rearrangement : In this type ofquestions, figures are replaced by new figures or rearrangedwith some modification or alteration. Such replacement andrearrangement can also take place alongwith rotation andaddition/deletion of the figure.Ex. 11 :

Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Problem figure (1) is identical to figure (5) but with thedifferent symbols. Problem figure (2) is obtained bymoving c to the top, T to the opposite side and D to thebottom (replacing by =). Similarly, answer figure will beobtained from problem figure (5) by moving symbols Sto the top, P to the opposite side and to the bottom(replacing by ¬). Hence, the correct answer figure is (c).Figure (b) cannot be the correct answer as symbol D isnot a new symbol.

Ex. 12 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Symbols of each block of problem figures are moving

clockwise in such a way that first symbol moves one side

and is immediately preceded by new symbol in

subsequent block and the second symbol moves 2 12 , 3,

4, 412 sides in subsequent blocks. Hence, first symbol ( )D

of problem figure (5) will move one side and will be

preceded by new symbol, second symbol (X) will move

4 12 side and therefore, the correct answer figure is (c).

Ex. 13 : Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Symbols of first block move in such a way that figure atthe top right position is moved diagonally opposite,symbol at bottom right is moved at top right position,symbol at left bottom position is shifted to bottom rightand figure at the left top position is reversed at the sameplace. The method is same from problem figure (3) to (4)and hence, it will be same from problem figure (5) toanswer figure. Therefore, the correct answer figure is (e).

Ex. 14 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Figure moves 12

121 1, , and 2 sides in anti-clockwise

direction making an angle of 90° anticlockwise and

figure makes an angle of 45° in clockwise direction and

shifts to middle, top and bottom positions in straight line.

Hence, the correct answer figure is (e).

Important Rules : Although we have discussed mostof the types of problems of series completion above, yet we areproviding some useful tips to crack these problems in fraction oftime.Rule 1 : Compare problem figure (1) with (5), if problem figure

(1) is identical to problem figure (5), then problemfigure (2) will be identical to figure (6) i.e., is the answerfigure. If problem figure (5) is the reverse of problemfigure(1), then answer figure will be the reverse ofproblem figure (2).

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

T T=

= =P

P S

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

P PS S S S S

CX

1 2 3 5

X

= = =

=

XX

X X4

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

= = = =S

S

SX

XX

X X

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Ex. 15 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Following the above rule, if problem figure ( ) ( )1 5= ,then problem figure (2) = answer figure. Hence, thecorrect answer figure is (c).

Ex. 16 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Answer figure will be identical to the problem figure (2).Hence, the correct answer figure is (a).

Ex. 17 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Answer figure will be reverse of problem figure (2)because problem figure (5) is reverse of problem figure(1). Hence, the correct answer figure is (a).

Ex. 18 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : This problem can also be solved with the above rule.Outer design is same in problem figures (1) and (5) andinner design is rotated through 90° clockwise. The samemethod is applied in problem figure (2), as a resultanswer figure (b) is obtained.

Ex. 19 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The outer design of problem figure (1) is identical to that of problem figure (5) and the inner design gets invertedand shaded. Similarly, answer figure can be obtainedfrom figure (2) by inverting the inner design and shading it. Hence, the correct answer figure is (c).

Rule 2 : If problem figure (1) is identical to problem figure (4)and problem figure (2) is identical to problem figure (5), then problem figure (3) will be identical to the answerfigure. Similarly, if figure (4) is reverse of figure (1) andfigure (5) is reverse of figure (2), then answer figure will be reverse of problem figure (3).

Ex. 20 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The problem figure (4) is reverse of problem figure (1)and figure (5) is reverse of figure (2). Therefore answerfigure will be reverse of figure (3). Hence, the correctanswer figure is (c).

Ex. 21 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

006

1 2 3 54

S S S

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (e)

CX S C S

(d)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

O = =

S

= S

C

S

C

S CO = S

C

S CS

C

S C S

C

1 2 3 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)4

XX

P

PC

A

1 2 3 54 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

007

Sol. : Here, we see that problem figure ( ) ( ),1 4= problemfigure ( ) ( ),2 5= therefore problem figure (3) = answerfigure. Hence, the correct answer figure is (b).

Ex. 22 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Here, we see that main design is same in problem figures(1) and (5). Therefore, main design will be same inproblem figure (2) and the answer figure. Secondly, outerdesign is the same in figures (1) and (4), (2) and (5),hence outer design of problem figure (3) will be same foranswer figure. Hence, the correct answer figure is (c)(Refer Rules 1 and 2).

Rule 3 : If problem figure (3) is same as problem figure (5), thenproblem figure (2) will be same as the answer figure.Likewise, if problem figure (5) is reverse of problem

figure (3), then answer figure will be reverse of problemfigure (2).

Ex. 23 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : From the figures, it is clear that problem figure (3) issame as problem figure (5), therefore problem figure (2)will be same as the answer figure. Hence, the correctanswer figure is (b).All the rules discussed above are basic rules to solve the

questions on problem figures. However, we may have a numberof derivatives of these rules which may be derived by differentcombinations of above rules. At last, it all depends upon thecandidate’s analytical ability to use the above rules to markoutdifferent problems in this chapter.

1 2 3 4 5

A

= +

A =

+

A

=

+ A

= +

A =

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A+ A

=

+

= +

A

=

+

=

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Exercise1.1

Ø Directions : There are two sets of figures namely the Problem figures containing five figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and the Answer figures(a), (b), (c), (d), (e). You have to select one figure from the Answer figures which will continue the same series as given in the Problemfigures.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Problem Figures Answer Figures

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

008

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

+

+ +

+

=

=

= +

+

+

=

=

=

=

=

C S S

S

S

X X

1 2 3 4 5

SS

(a) (b) (c) (e)(d)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

x

xx

x

= =

=

=

=

xx x x x=

= =

=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

xx x x x

=

=

== = x

x x x x

= = == =

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

N

N

N

N

X X X XS

S

X

S

S

X=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)

XX

XX

X SX X

X XX

(a) (c)

S

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)

X X=

==

==

(a) (c)

= = = = =N NN N

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

009

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5

< <=

(b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

+ +

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

X

S

S S

S SX X

X X=

+ +

+ +

+= =

= = X

S

S S S S

X X X X=+ + +

+

+

=

=

= =

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

X

X X

X X=

= =

==

X

X

X X

X= = ==

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X X XX

X#

# #

#

# X X X XX

#

## # #

Problem Figures Answer Figures

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

010

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

011

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S S S S S

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S S S

S S

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S

S S

S

O+ +

+

=

=

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

012

1 2 3 4 5

S

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

T

T P

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S

C

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S

S S

S

S

= = =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S S S

SS

= = = =

=

1 2 3 4 5

X=

X=

X=

X

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X S

=

X

=

XS

=

X S

=

X S

=S

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

X X X÷+ + =+ =+

X÷=+

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X÷ XX÷=+

X÷=+

X ÷=+ = + =+

1 2 3 4 5

X X

X XX

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

XX X X

X

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

? ? ?

? ?

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

?

?

? ?

?

Problem Figures Answer Figures

013

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

63.

64.

65.

1 2 3 4 5

S

S

SS S

S=

= =

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S S

S

S

S= =

=

=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

SX

==

==

=

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

= = =

1 2 3 4 5

S =

=S(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

=

#

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

X X

X X

X

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X

X X X X

S

S S S S

=

=

=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

014

1 2 3 4 5

S

S

=+

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

= =

=

=+

+ ++ X

1 2 3 4 5

X=

X

=X

=

X

=

X=

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X

=

X=

X=

X

=

X=

1 2 3 4 5

X

X X

X

X= =

=

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X X X

X X

=

= =

= =

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S S S

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

ST

TXX

XXTT

(c) (d) (e)(b)

SS

TT TT TT TT TT

(a)

XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX

1 2 3 4 5

X+

+ + +

X

XX

X

S

X S S

S S

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

XX

S S SX XV V

X

1 2 3 4 5

T X

X

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X

Problem Figures Answer Figures

This is the most important section of Non-Verbal Reasoning. In these questions a series of figures is given as problem figures and the candidates are asked to select one of the figure from the set of answer figures which will continue the given sequence.

In order to solve these questions, students are supposedto have a clear vision of different movement and addition/deletion of figures rotation. The movement of a block (figure)around a fixed point is known as rotation. The simplest example of rotation is the movement of hour and minute hands of theclock. When a body rotates in the direction of the hands of theclock, the movement is known as clockwise movement andwhen a body rotates in the opposite direction of the hands of the clock, the movement is known as anti-clockwise movement.

Type 1

In these type of questions, a series of figures is given whichproceeds following a certain rule. This series is known as problemfigures and is followed by another series of figures known asanswer figures. Students are required to select one figure from the

series of answer figures which follows the rule of problem figuresand represents the next figure in the series. This type has beenexplained in the following examples.Ex. 1 :

Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : It is clear from the pattern of series that the outer figurerotates through an angle of 45° in each subsequent blockwhereas the inner figure rotates through an angle of 90° in each subsequent block. Hence, the correct answer figureis (d).

Ex. 2 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Arrow rotates through an angle of 90° and 45°anticlockwise alternatively and inner figure rotatesthrough an angle of 90° and 45° clockwise in alternateblocks. Hence, the correct answer figure is (d).

Ex. 3 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Clockwise rotation Anti-clockwise rotation

90°

90°anti-clockwiserotation

90°clockwiserotation

Originalposition

90°

II

45°45°45°anti-clockwiserotation

45°clockwiserotation

Originalposition

I

180°anti-clockwiserotation

180°clockwiserotation

Originalposition

180°

III

180°

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

< <

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Completion of Series

NON-VERBAL REASONING

Sol. : The arrow rotates clockwise making an angle of 45°, 90°,

135° and 180° in each subsequent block and the dot

rotates in the same way anti-clockwise. Thus, the arrow

and dot will make an angle of 225° clockwise and

anti-clockwise, respectively. Hence, the correct answer

figure is (e).

Ex. 4 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The inner figure is rotating making an angle of 135°

anti-clockwise in each subsequent block. Hence, the

correct answer figure is (c).

Addition and Deletion of Designs : In this type of

questions, addition and deletion of designs in the figures take

place. Such addition and deletion of designs can happen

alongwith rotation and similar movement of figures.

Ex. 5 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : It is clear from here that figures rotate clockwise and

anti-clockwise making an angle of 90° alternatively and

one figure is deleted in every alternate block. Hence, the

correct answer figure is (e).

Ex. 6 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Figure rotates 45° anticlockwise in each block and one

line is added to its top and bottom alternatively. Hence,

the correct answer figure is (a).

Ex. 7 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The number of sides in the outer figure is increased by

one and number of sides in the inner figure is decreased

by one side successively in each block. Hence, the correct

answer figure is (d).

Ex. 8 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : In each sebsequent figures, 0, 1, 2, 3, … lines are added

alternatively in anti-clockwise and clockwise directions.

Hence, the correct answer figure is (c).

Ex. 9 :

Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : In problem figure (2), two lines disappear. Similarly,

from figures (2) to (3), two lines disappear. But from

figure (3) to (4), only one line disappears. Again from

figure (4) to (5), two lines disappear. Therefore, in

answer figure there should be only three lines. Hence,

the correct answer figure is (d).

004

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Completion of Series

NON-VERBAL REASONING

005

Ex. 10 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol : Here deletion of design in the figure takes place with the

change in the figures. Arrow is deleted in the block

skipping alternate block with the reversal in design.

Similarly, base is also reversed with alternate shifting of

shaded portion. Hence, the correct answer figure is (e).

Replacement and Rearrangement : In this type ofquestions, figures are replaced by new figures or rearrangedwith some modification or alteration. Such replacement andrearrangement can also take place alongwith rotation andaddition/deletion of the figure.Ex. 11 :

Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Problem figure (1) is identical to figure (5) but with thedifferent symbols. Problem figure (2) is obtained bymoving c to the top, T to the opposite side and D to thebottom (replacing by =). Similarly, answer figure will beobtained from problem figure (5) by moving symbols Sto the top, P to the opposite side and to the bottom(replacing by ¬). Hence, the correct answer figure is (c).Figure (b) cannot be the correct answer as symbol D isnot a new symbol.

Ex. 12 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Symbols of each block of problem figures are moving

clockwise in such a way that first symbol moves one side

and is immediately preceded by new symbol in

subsequent block and the second symbol moves 2 12 , 3,

4, 412 sides in subsequent blocks. Hence, first symbol ( )D

of problem figure (5) will move one side and will be

preceded by new symbol, second symbol (X) will move

4 12 side and therefore, the correct answer figure is (c).

Ex. 13 : Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Symbols of first block move in such a way that figure atthe top right position is moved diagonally opposite,symbol at bottom right is moved at top right position,symbol at left bottom position is shifted to bottom rightand figure at the left top position is reversed at the sameplace. The method is same from problem figure (3) to (4)and hence, it will be same from problem figure (5) toanswer figure. Therefore, the correct answer figure is (e).

Ex. 14 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Figure moves 12

121 1, , and 2 sides in anti-clockwise

direction making an angle of 90° anticlockwise and

figure makes an angle of 45° in clockwise direction and

shifts to middle, top and bottom positions in straight line.

Hence, the correct answer figure is (e).

Important Rules : Although we have discussed mostof the types of problems of series completion above, yet we areproviding some useful tips to crack these problems in fraction oftime.Rule 1 : Compare problem figure (1) with (5), if problem figure

(1) is identical to problem figure (5), then problemfigure (2) will be identical to figure (6) i.e., is the answerfigure. If problem figure (5) is the reverse of problemfigure(1), then answer figure will be the reverse ofproblem figure (2).

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

T T=

= =P

P S

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

P PS S S S S

CX

1 2 3 5

X

= = =

=

XX

X X4

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

= = = =S

S

SX

XX

X X

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Ex. 15 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Following the above rule, if problem figure ( ) ( )1 5= ,then problem figure (2) = answer figure. Hence, thecorrect answer figure is (c).

Ex. 16 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Answer figure will be identical to the problem figure (2).Hence, the correct answer figure is (a).

Ex. 17 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Answer figure will be reverse of problem figure (2)because problem figure (5) is reverse of problem figure(1). Hence, the correct answer figure is (a).

Ex. 18 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : This problem can also be solved with the above rule.Outer design is same in problem figures (1) and (5) andinner design is rotated through 90° clockwise. The samemethod is applied in problem figure (2), as a resultanswer figure (b) is obtained.

Ex. 19 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The outer design of problem figure (1) is identical to that of problem figure (5) and the inner design gets invertedand shaded. Similarly, answer figure can be obtainedfrom figure (2) by inverting the inner design and shading it. Hence, the correct answer figure is (c).

Rule 2 : If problem figure (1) is identical to problem figure (4)and problem figure (2) is identical to problem figure (5), then problem figure (3) will be identical to the answerfigure. Similarly, if figure (4) is reverse of figure (1) andfigure (5) is reverse of figure (2), then answer figure will be reverse of problem figure (3).

Ex. 20 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : The problem figure (4) is reverse of problem figure (1)and figure (5) is reverse of figure (2). Therefore answerfigure will be reverse of figure (3). Hence, the correctanswer figure is (c).

Ex. 21 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

006

1 2 3 54

S S S

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 54

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (e)

CX S C S

(d)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

O = =

S

= S

C

S

C

S CO = S

C

S CS

C

S C S

C

1 2 3 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)4

XX

P

PC

A

1 2 3 54 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

007

Sol. : Here, we see that problem figure ( ) ( ),1 4= problemfigure ( ) ( ),2 5= therefore problem figure (3) = answerfigure. Hence, the correct answer figure is (b).

Ex. 22 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : Here, we see that main design is same in problem figures(1) and (5). Therefore, main design will be same inproblem figure (2) and the answer figure. Secondly, outerdesign is the same in figures (1) and (4), (2) and (5),hence outer design of problem figure (3) will be same foranswer figure. Hence, the correct answer figure is (c)(Refer Rules 1 and 2).

Rule 3 : If problem figure (3) is same as problem figure (5), thenproblem figure (2) will be same as the answer figure.Likewise, if problem figure (5) is reverse of problem

figure (3), then answer figure will be reverse of problemfigure (2).

Ex. 23 :Problem Figures

Answer Figures

Sol. : From the figures, it is clear that problem figure (3) issame as problem figure (5), therefore problem figure (2)will be same as the answer figure. Hence, the correctanswer figure is (b).All the rules discussed above are basic rules to solve the

questions on problem figures. However, we may have a numberof derivatives of these rules which may be derived by differentcombinations of above rules. At last, it all depends upon thecandidate’s analytical ability to use the above rules to markoutdifferent problems in this chapter.

1 2 3 4 5

A

= +

A =

+

A

=

+ A

= +

A =

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A+ A

=

+

= +

A

=

+

=

1 2 3 4 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

Exercise1.1

Ø Directions : There are two sets of figures namely the Problem figures containing five figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and the Answer figures(a), (b), (c), (d), (e). You have to select one figure from the Answer figures which will continue the same series as given in the Problemfigures.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Problem Figures Answer Figures

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

008

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

+

+ +

+

=

=

= +

+

+

=

=

=

=

=

C S S

S

S

X X

1 2 3 4 5

SS

(a) (b) (c) (e)(d)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

x

xx

x

= =

=

=

=

xx x x x=

= =

=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

xx x x x

=

=

== = x

x x x x

= = == =

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

N

N

N

N

X X X XS

S

X

S

S

X=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)

XX

XX

X SX X

X XX

(a) (c)

S

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)

X X=

==

==

(a) (c)

= = = = =N NN N

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

009

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5

< <=

(b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

+ +

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

1 2 3 4 5 (b) (e)(d)(a) (c)

X

S

S S

S SX X

X X=

+ +

+ +

+= =

= = X

S

S S S S

X X X X=+ + +

+

+

=

=

= =

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

X

X X

X X=

= =

==

X

X

X X

X= = ==

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X X XX

X#

# #

#

# X X X XX

#

## # #

Problem Figures Answer Figures

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

010

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

011

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

41.

42.

43.

44.

45.

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S S S S S

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S S S

S S

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S

S S

S

O+ +

+

=

=

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

012

1 2 3 4 5

S

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

T

T P

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S

C

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S

S S

S

S

= = =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S S S

SS

= = = =

=

1 2 3 4 5

X=

X=

X=

X

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X S

=

X

=

XS

=

X S

=

X S

=S

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

X X X÷+ + =+ =+

X÷=+

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X÷ XX÷=+

X÷=+

X ÷=+ = + =+

1 2 3 4 5

X X

X XX

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

XX X X

X

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

? ? ?

? ?

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

?

?

? ?

?

Problem Figures Answer Figures

013

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

63.

64.

65.

1 2 3 4 5

S

S

SS S

S=

= =

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S S

S

S

S= =

=

=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

SX

==

==

=

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

= = =

1 2 3 4 5

S =

=S(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

=

#

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

X X

X X

X

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X

X X X X

S

S S S S

=

=

=

=

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

Problem Figures Answer Figures

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

71.

72.

73.

74.

75.

014

1 2 3 4 5

S

S

=+

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

= =

=

=+

+ ++ X

1 2 3 4 5

X=

X

=X

=

X

=

X=

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X

=

X=

X=

X

=

X=

1 2 3 4 5

X

X X

X

X= =

=

= =

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X X X

X X

=

= =

= =

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

S S S

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

S

1 2 3 4 5 (a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

1 2 3 4 5

ST

TXX

XXTT

(c) (d) (e)(b)

SS

TT TT TT TT TT

(a)

XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX

1 2 3 4 5

X+

+ + +

X

XX

X

S

X S S

S S

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

XX

S S SX XV V

X

1 2 3 4 5

T X

X

(a) (c) (d) (e)(b)

X

Problem Figures Answer Figures