prevention & control of occupational diseases (engineering measures)
TRANSCRIPT
PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
Prepared byNUR HANISAH BINTI ZAINOREN
ENGINEERINGMEASURES
PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
Prepared byNUR HANISAH BINTI ZAINOREN
ENGINEERINGMEASURES
Design of building
Good housekeeping
General ventilation
Mechanization
Substitution
Dusts
DESIGN OF BUILDING• Attention in the original plan
of the building which is put up by the industrial architect
• Type of floor, walls, height, ceiling, roof, doors and windows, cubic spaces are all matters
• Applied to industry or domestically
• Fundamental requirement for the control or elimination of occupational hazards
• Covers general cleanliness, ventilation, lighting, washing, food arrangements and general maintenance
The dust which settles down on the stationary objects should be promptly removed by vacuum cleaners or by wetting agents
The walls, ceilings and passages should be white-washed at least once a year
Masks, gloves, aprons and other protective equipments should be kept clean and in a state of good repair
To prevent accidents, the right thing should be in the right place
Not only inside, outside of the plant should also be kept clean and tidy
GENERAL VENTILATIONIn every room of a factory, openings shall be…
Provided in the proportion of 5 sq. feet for each worker employed in such room
In room where dust is generated, there should
be an efficient exhaust ventilation system
To admit a continued supply of fresh air
MECHANIZATION
The plant should be mechanised to the fullest possible extent to reduce the hazard of contact with harmful
substances
Dermatitis can be prevented if hand-
mixing is replaced by mechanical devices
Acids can be conveyed from
one place to another through pipes
Replacement of a harmful material by a harmless one, or one with of lesser toxicity
Not always possible in industry. But where possible, it should be used to the fullest possible extent
SUBSTITUTION
Examples: • White phosphorus Phosphorus sesquisulphide • Lead paints Zinc or iron paints• Mercury salts Silver salts • Benzene Acetone
Examples of Control: – At the point of origin by water sprays–Wet drilling of rock
– Inclusion of a little moisture in the material will make the process of grinding, sieving and mixing comparatively dust-free (wet methods)
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