preventing infection in care infection prevention …...preventing infection in care - main...

Preventing Infection in Care

Infection Prevention and Control

Your Name:

Place of Work

Job Title:

Date Commenced Workbook:

Date Completed Workbook: Line Manager / Supervisor:

Main Programme Workbook

For care staff that have at least 6 months experience working in care environment and who have previously completed the induction programme

© NHS Education for Scotland 2011. You can copy or reproduce the information in this document for use within NHSScotland and for non-commercial educational purposes. Use of this document for commercial purposes is permitted only with the written permission of NES.

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Preventing Infection in Care - Main Programme

In all health and care settings preventing and controlling infection is everyone’s responsibility, and is essential to help ensure the safety and wellbeing of those you are caring for, visitors, staff and yourself.

We are surrounded by micro-organisms – they are found inside us, on our bodies, they’re inour food and they’re in the environment and can be picked up from contact with contaminated surfaces or objects or by contact with infected persons. Most micro-organisms are harmless, but some can have serious consequences particularly for vulnerable groups including older people or people with certain medical conditions.

Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) is defined as an infection that is acquired as a result of healthcare interventions.

The information contained within the Preventing Infection in Care DVD Programme has simple and practical measures that you can take to break the chain of infection and help prevent the spread of infections in a care setting.


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Section 1: IntroductionOn completion of the Preventing Infection in Care main programme this Workbook provides you with a structured approach to assess and demonstrate your knowledge and skills when applying the Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICPs).

It can provide evidence for your Personal Development Plan (PDP) and Professional Development Review (PDR). If you are registered with the NMC it can provide evidence of learning for revalidation. The completed assessment book and the completion certificate can also be uploaded onto the NHS e Portfolio if applicable.

For carers the learning within this workbook will provide evidence towards your SVQ Portfolio and this should be discussed with the SVQ assessor

The Workbook allows you to record your learning and demonstrate that you have the knowledge, skills and understanding related to the application of the Standard Infection Control Precautions necessary to carry out your role in your care setting

Throughout the workbook there are opportunities where you and /or your line manager/ supervisor can write down notes and answers to questions and activities.

Learning Objectives

On completion of the Preventing Infection in Care main programme the learner will be able to:

List all 10 Standard Infection Control Precautions (SICP’s) and describe measures you will take to ensure they are implemented in the care setting.

Identify areas of improvement when applying the SICPs and describe how these improvements can be embedded in practice.

Explain how you might support your colleagues in applying the SICPs in their daily practice

Describe some specific infections and conditions and how to manage an outbreak of infection.

Describe common causes of infection and the awareness of preventative measures such as antimicrobial stewardship and immunisation.

Gaining Support

Discuss with your supervisor/line manager and agree how you will be supported to complete the Preventing Infection in Care programme and Workbook successfully.


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How to use the Workbook

Before commencing the workbook, watch the DVD Preventing Infection in Care main learning programme.

Relate the learning in the programme to your care setting and consider how the learning can be applied in your practice.

Complete all the questions and activities in the workbook.

Where indicated or necessary discuss with your line manager/supervisor and colleagues how you can apply your learning to make changes or improvements in your care setting.

Once the workbook is complete revisit the DVD main programme or the programme script provided on the CDROM to review and check your answers.

Recording Knowledge, Skills and Understanding

Your trainer or line manager/ supervisor should review your workbook as you complete the questions and tasks throughout the programme. As you progress through each section thereis a space available for you and your trainer or manger/ supervisor which can be signed and dated to verify successful completion and this provides an accurate record of your learning.

The final page in the workbook is a certificate which can be kept for your records as evidence of completion.

Further Reading and Resources

All the information necessary to complete this workbook will be found when viewing the Preventing Infection in Care DVD programme and from the local policies within your workplace setting. Further information and reading can also be found on the Supporting linksdocument of the CD Rom.

The CD ROM also provides the programme scripts to allow you to check your answers.

Alternatively all files can be downloaded from NHS Education for Scotland, Healthcare

Associated Infection webpages:www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/initiatives/healthcare-associated-infection.


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http://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/initiatives/healthcare-associated-infection

http://www.nes.scot.nhs.uk/initiatives/healthcare-associated-infection

Section 2 Causes of Infection

1. Growth and multiplication of micro-organisms

Can you give an example of a bacteria and an example of a virus?

Bacteria

Virus

2. Can you name 3 conditions that micro-organisms need to multiply?

1.

2.

3.

3. The Chain of Infection describes the way an infection spreads. Can you name the 6 links of the ‘chain’ and briefly describe each one?

4. Using an example of a common cold, tick which phrase belongs to which link of the chainof infection

Infectious

AgentReservoir

Portal of

ExitTransmission

Portal of

EntrySusceptible

host

Sneezing openly withoutcovering nose & mouth

Common cold virus

Respiratory system

Unwashed contaminatedHands

Person you care for

Touching your eyes,mouth or nose


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5. List the most general signs and symptoms of an infection

6. Some infections are described as localised. Consider a wound infection and list below 5 common signs and symptoms

7. Some people develop Diarrhoea and may be a sign of infection such as Norovirus.

Complete the sentence by deleting the incorrect words as appropriate.

Diarrhoea is defined as the passing of 2, 3, 4 or more loose or liquid stools per, Hour, day, week or more frequently than is normal for the individual.

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature......................................................................

Date...........................................................


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Section 3 Specific Infections and Conditions1. Please give at least one answer to each

Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI, C. diff )

Common Causes

Common Symptoms:

2. List at least 3 Prevention & Control measures:

3. Norovirus

Common Causes

Common Symptoms:


5. Urinary Tract Infection

Common Causes

Common Symptoms:



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7. Influenza

Spread by

Common Symptoms:


9. Scabies

Common Causes

Common Symptoms:


11. Meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)


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Spread by

Common Symptoms:


13. Panton-Valentine eukocidin Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA)

Spread by:

Common Symptoms:


Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature...............................................................

Date.............................................................


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Section 4 Outbreaks of Infection

1. Name two infections that can cause an outbreak

2. Outbreaks occur in community settings, care homes and in places where people live in close proximity. And infection can spread rapidly causing an outbreak.

Complete the sentence by inserting the missing words

An outbreak is defined as ________ or more people in the same place are

experiencing the same illness at the same time.

3. What immediate actions might you take if you suspect you have an outbreak of infection in your workplace?

4. Who would you inform and seek advice from about the outbreak? What information would they need to know from you?

5. Where would you find your local policies and guidance in the event of an outbreak?

6. What should you do if you or a colleague develops diarrhoea and/or vomiting?


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7. Note the important measures and actions that should be taken to help prevent the spread of infection during an outbreak?

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature................................................................

Date.................................................


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Section 5 Standard Infection Control Precautions

5.1 Hand Hygiene

1. Hand hygiene is the single most important thing you can do to prevent the spread of infection.

Why?

2. Name 5 occasions of when you must carry out hand hygiene

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

3. Note a situation where alcohol based hand rub should not be used?


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4. Number the order of the steps if using soap and water, and tick if the step also applies to Alcohol Based Hand Rub

Number

Step Tick Number Step Tick

Wet your hands Rub palm to palm with fingers interlaced

Dry your hands thoroughly

Rub the tips of fingers inthe opposite palm in a circular movement

Rub hands palm to palm Apply soap/alcohol based hand rub from a dispenser

Rub each thumb in turn,

holding it in opposite hand with

rotational movement

Rinse your hands with running

water

Dispose of paper towel in correct

waste bin

Rub back of hands with palm of other hand, fingers interlaced

Rub back of fingers to the opposing palm with fingers interlocked

Turn off taps with your wrists or a paper towel

5. Good practice suggests you should adopt a bare below the elbow approach, free from all jewellery except a plain band ring. Find out if your organisation has a uniform and jewellery policy, read it and note your findings below?


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6. You have a responsibility to encourage all staff, visitors and the people you care for, their family /visitors to carry out good hand hygiene practices. How might you help someone do this if they are bed bound?

7. Consider all the tasks and activities you undertake in a day that would require you to carry out hand hygiene. Discuss with your colleagues and your trainer, manager or supervisor and summarise your discussions.

Trainer / Manager/ Supervisor Signature................................................................................

Date..............................................................


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5.2 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

1. Wearing PPE is a requirement of Health and Safety Legislation. Name the most common types of PPE in use?

2. What factors will you need to consider before deciding what PPE is needed?

3. In what order do you remove PPE such as gloves, apron, mask and eye protection if worn?

4. When and how often should you replace your PPE?

5. Where should PPE be stored?

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature.................................................................

Date.....................................


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5.3 Respiratory and Cough Hygiene

1. How are the common cold and influenza virus spread?

2. How might you stifle a cough or a sneeze if you do not have a tissue handy?

3. Name 3 measures you can take to prevent the spread of cold and influenza

1.

2.

3.

4. Describe the steps you would take when assisting a person in your care with cough and respiratory hygiene

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature........................................................

Date...........................................................

5.4 Safe Management of Blood & Body Fluid Spillages


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1. When a spillage occurs you need to do an assessment of the spill. Describe 3 things to consider?

1.

2.

3.

2. Locate and read your local policy for dealing with a spillage of blood or body fluid in your setting, summarise your findings below?

3. Note the process for cleaning a spill on a hard surface of:- Please include any dilutions of products where appropriate

Blood

Urine

Vomit

Faeces without visible blood -

4. How would you clean a spill on soft furnishings?

5. What key factors must be noted in the manufacturer’s instruction when using cleaning solutions for blood & body fluid spillages?


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6. What items of PPE are used when dealing with a spillage where there may be a risk of splashing?

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature.........................................................

Date..................................


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5.5 Occupational Exposure Management

1. Can you list some of the items that you may encounter termed

Sharps

2. How might a blood borne virus be transmitted?

3. What is recommended if you have an abrasion or cut in your skin?

4. Name 3 important points about the safe disposal of sharp items?

5. What procedure would you follow immediately if you have a sharps injury or a bite which has broken the skin?© NHS Education for Scotland 2011. You can copy or reproduce the information in this document for use within NHSScotland and for non-commercial educational purposes. Use of this document for commercial purposes is permitted only with the written permission of NES.

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1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature...........................................................................

Date................................................


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5.6 Safe Management of the Care Environment

1. Name some examples of household items that would require to be cleaned within your careenvironment

2 Explain why cleaning the environment is important in preventing the spread of infection?

3. Who is responsible for ensuring the care environment is kept clean?

4. Find out if there is a cleaning schedule in your workplace and who has overall responsibilityto ensure all cleaning takes place?

5. What cleaning solution would be considered the most effective when cleaning household items?


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6. What PPE should you wear when cleaning?

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature.......................................................

Date..........................................


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5.7 Safe Management of Care Equipment

1. Care equipment can be categorised as below. Describe what these terms mean,

a) Single use

Give an example of a single use item

How it is cleaned and maintained

b) Single person use

Give an example of an item that is for single person use


c) Multi-use


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Give an example of a multiuse item


2. Find out if you have a cleaning and maintenance schedule for items of care equipment and who has overall responsibility to ensure it is followed?

3. What items of PPE is essential to be worn when cleaning care equipment?

Trainer/Manager/ Supervisor Signature ................................................................................

Date ...................................................


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5.8 Patient Placement (or those you care for)

1. It is occasionally necessary to separate a person you care for from others in the care environment. Note below why this might be necessary?

2. Name the common signs and symptoms a person with a transmissible infection might have that would indicate the need for isolation?

3. Who should be consulted in making the decision to isolate the person and note the information will you will need at hand to pass on?

4. Look at the policy and guidance for isolating a person in your workplace?

Note your observations below


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5. Which Standard Infection Control Precautions will be important to prevent the spread of infection? List all 10 sicps and tick all that apply

6. When someone needs to be separated from others they may feel frightened and isolated.

Describe the measures you could take to alleviate this.

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature....................................................................................

Date .....................................................

5.9 Safe Management of Linen


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1. State the four categories of linen and briefly explain the term

2. Describe the safe management of clean linen in your care setting?

Storage

Transported

3. Describe the safe management of used linen in your care setting

4. Describe the procedure for removing used linen:

5. How might this differ if the linen is used or infectious?

6. What PPE would you require?


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7. Find out the colour coding system in your workplace for used and infectious linen?

8. Find out what advice you would give when relatives request to take soiled linen home to wash and note your findings below

Trainer/ Manager/ Supervisor Signature ..........................................................................

Date........................................


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5.10 Safe Management of Waste

1. Waste can fall under 3 categories, domestic, Special (or hazardous) waste, and Healthcare (including clinical) waste. Complete the table below and identify how each type of waste is handled in your area.

What waste goes in this category What colour bag is used How is this waste handled in your area

Domestic

Special (or hazardous) waste

Healthcare (including clinical) waste

2.Who is responsible for the safe disposal of waste in your care setting?

3. Sharps containers should be disposed of when ¾ full or every three months even if it is less full. Note the procedure for disposal of this Healthcare waste in your area?

Trainer / Manager/ Supervisor Signature....................................................................

Date..................................

You have now completed the Main programme workbook please complete the certificate of completion and keep as a record of your achievement.


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Statement of Completion

This is to certify that

Name: _________________________________

Job title: _________________________________

Employer: _________________________________

has completed Preventing Infection in Care

Infection Prevention & Control:

Main Programme

Date: _______________

NHS Education for ScotlandHanover Buildings66 Rose StreetEdinburghEH22NN

tel: 0131 220 8600 fax: 0131 220 8666

www.nes.scot.nhs.uk

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