preserving, organizing and accessing records of past musical events: two projects of the ircam...

Preserving, Organizing and Accessing Records of Past Musical Events: Two Projects of the IRCAM Multimedia Library

Michael Fingerhut

Ircam, Paris (France)

Torino, October 24, 2008 mediatheque.ircam.fr/articles/textes/Fingerhut08e

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IRCAM and its Multimedia Library IRCAM founded 1976 by Pierre Boulez

R&D acoustics, compositional tools, dsp, musicology, real-time processing… → tools, publications and conferences

Education short- and long-term courses in computer music and composition → conferences, concerts

Artistic direction commissions, concerts, festival, tours Production performances → concerts

Multimedia Library founded 1995 Specialized library (contemporary) music, sciences, technology,

law, sociology, philosophy… → IAML (Newsletter editor, ontology workgroup)

Archive IRCAM’s musical and scientific heritage → Archiprod Engineering digital libraries, metadata, interoperability,

information retrieval, digital conservation and publication, in-house, national and int’l projects → newswatch, IRCAM’s web sites, Centre Pompidou Virtuel, French Gateway, The European Library, Europeana, ISMIR, Aga Khan Development Network…


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French institutions with contemporary music resources Archive Bibliothèque nationale Conservatories Paris, Lyon… Ensembles Ensemble intercontemporain… Libraries Médiathèque musicale Mahler… MIC CDMC Producer of events Acantes, Cité de la musique… Research centers Ircam… Studios Cirm, Grame, GMEM, Muse en circuit…


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The issues

Resources Documents books, scores, ephemera, periodicals, articles,

biographies, documentary files, pictures, recordings, films…

Information events, people, organizations… Spread

Physical in libraries, archives, museums… Online intranets/internet, web pages, databases…

Goals Preserve technological, economical and ideological issues Uniform description and single-stop access seach, find, use Reduce noise and silence “partition berlin”, “murs paris” Provide online access to contents respecting rights Don’t affect existing systems


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The two projects

1. Digitize: Archiprod Performance traces from (before) the event to preservation and publication at Ircam

2. Share: The Contemporary Music Resources Gateway Search, find, locate and use resources in context

Not: preservation of compositional process handling individual works and documents (intra-

document navigation, analysis and annotation tools…)


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Two distinct but interrelated projects Digitization each partner individually

Formats of data Description Publication protocols Preservations procedures Workflow

Sharing The gateway Formats of metadata Exchange protocols Interfaces

1. Preservation at Ircam - Archiprod


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Digitization of sound archives for preservation and publication at Ircam: formats and description Many types

Artistic Concert, dance, film projection, opera… Concert cycles, festivals…

Scientific Lectures, panels, talks, workshops… Conferences, courses,

Mixed master classes…

Variable duration and occurrence Once/repeated On a single day, hour and place or not

Split Long

Fixed contents may vary Repeated talk, performance Work in progress

Structured Seasons Cycles Conferences

ArchiProd Describe

Preserve

Deliver


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Seasons

Season2007-2008

Season2006-2007

Events archive

Season2006-2007

Season1976-1977


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Groups of events

Season2007-2008

Events archive

Season2006-2007

Cycle1

Cycle2

Festival

Cycle2-1

Cycle2-2

Cycles may contain cyclesA conference within a festival


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Manifestations

Event1

Season2007-2008

Events archive

Season2007-2006

Cycle1

Cycle2

Event: “a noteworthy happening”, usually of a limited duration with a well-defined program.A concert, a conference, a master-class, a workshop

Event2

Cycle: a group of cycles or of events.A concert series, a festival, a scientific conference

An event can be part of several cyclesA concert from a series programmed during a conference


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Manifestation

Manifestation1

Manifestation2

Event1

Season2007-2008

Events archive

Season2007-2006

Cycle1

Cycle2

Manifestation: an occurrence of an event, usually at a single date, time and place.A specific concert, talk…


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The traces in (their historical) context

Manifestation1

Manifestation2

Event1

Season2007-2008

Events archive

Season2007-2006

Cycle1

Cycle2

brochures

brochures

program notes, contracts

Part1

Part2

Part3

recording

recording

… single work

… single talk

… single piece

… may differ


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Typology of events

Événement

Événement artistique

Rencontre

Projection

Exposition, installation

Autre événement artistique

Conférence – analyse d’une œuvre

Conférence scientifique et/ou technique

Autre conférence

Formation musicale

Formation scientifique et/ou technique

Autre formation

Autre rencontre

Autre événement

Conférence

Formation

Spectacle

Concert

Spectacle chorégraphique

Spectacle de théâtre musical

Autre spectacle

Spectacle théâtral


15IAML 2008, Naples (Italy)

Online preservation and access to record[ing]s of musical events 15

The workflow

Time Artistic dept. Communications dept.

Production dept. Multimedia Library The System

Plans the season

Produces the season’sbrochure

Drafts contracts

Creates metadata

Uploads PDF

Produces the event’sbrochure

THE EVENT Records the event

Uploads the recordingModifies metadata

Uploads PDF

Preserves throughdaily backups

Validatesmodified metadata

Produces online andoffline versions

Completes metadataUploads PDF

Produces the web site


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Towards an ontology

Objects Types Event, manifestation, work, person,

corporate, rôle, place, document… Relations (work, person, rôle), (event, place, date)

… Predicates quartet = 4 instruments

Goal Inter-document semantic navigation


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Manifestation: general information

Date, time, place People, corporate/rôles


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Manifestation: per-part information – audio:music Title, subtitle, duration… Type Musical/non musical recording People, corporate/rôles Notes, transfer date…

Uncontrolled fields

Controls:- names- titles- rôles- dates, times- durations


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Manifestation: per-part information – audio:non-music Title, subtitle, duration… Type Musical/non musical recording People, corporate/rôles Notes, transfer date…

Uncontrolled fields


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Formats

Preservation Audio: WAV 44,1 KHz, 16 bits or better Images: TIFF Metadata: METS

Online access Audio

Local: MPEG1 Layer 2, full recording. Partners: MP3 high rate, full recording. Internet: MP3, excerpt.

Text PDF + OCR (sometimes)

Metadata MODS


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Looking for contents: search

Basic, by table Index, full-text

in online view


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Looking for contents: browse event tree


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Accessing a concert sound archive and its program notes


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Current contents and its preservation Metadata

1,230 events more to go 7,600 works 3,000 people composers, performers… 100 locations

Data Over 1,100 sound archives multiworks, talks Over 500 program notes

Preservation Digital contents preservation costs more than digitization Backup, backup, backup…


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Present and future Retrospective

digitization tapes, program notes, “old” cds cataloguing events >1,100 done (15 years); 16 years to go.

Needed: seamless interconnection of databases Archiprod archive of performances Brahms composers’ bios Mustica production technical documentation of works Loris scores, books… Web site Future events

Solutions Now: gateway www.musiquecontemporaine.fr Soon: events in gateway? automatic aggregation? Later: independent referentials events, people, works,

places, rôles…

2. Publication – the Gateway


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Framework Past

1995 Dreams (Z39.50). 2004 Gateway to ethnomusicological contents. 2005 IAML talk.

2006 Yearly call of Culture Ministry for digitization and publication of

cultural contents Proposal by a consortium Cdmc (leader), Cité de la musique,

Conservatoire de Paris, Eic, Ircam (design), Médiathèque Mahler 2007

Project runs and ends 100,000 records New proposal + Acanthes, Conservatoire de Lyon, 6 centres of

contemporary creation 2008

Project runs eContentPlus proposal Marsel New national proposal?


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Principles

Domain selection contemporary music Information modelization gateway metadata Interface design Rights to contents


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Diversity of resources

Database CDMC Cité CNSMDP EIC Ircam MMM

Sound archives

Catalogue (books, scores, periodicals, manuscripts…)

Calendar of events

Address book (people, corporate)

Biographies, work lists and documentation

Production notes, concert programs and notes

Documentary files

Instruments


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Organization principle

Gateway 1

Librarycatalogue

Agenda ofevents

Soundarchives

Biographies,articles

Concertnotes

Partner C

Library catalogue

Agenda ofevents

Soundarchives


Concertnotes

Partner A

Librarycatalogue

Agenda ofevents

Soundarchives


Concertnotes

Partner B

Gateway 2


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Principles: well-defined and relevant sources Gateway to selected partners

Periodically retrieves only relevant metadata harvester simple protocol OAI (Open Archive Initiative) common metadata model and language MODS

Provides search & browse features local record, remote contents Useful shortcuts mini thesaurus

Partners make available The relevant metadata sets

Add a connector to each database repository Provide metadata in adequate form

Contents as available and allowed Referenced in the metadata Not copied to the gateway Differentiated access on-site / partners / everyone else


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Metadata model: simplified MODS Derived from MARC

Humanly readable XML Easy conversion from any schemes mostly optional “fields” Keeps associations people/rôles, subject/author/title…

Hierarchical ad inf. Express structure collections/items, cds/tracks, meta-

events/events… In the record/from record to record

Extensible Instrumentation Rights of access to contents intranet/extranet/internet Pseudo-FRBR


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Resource categorization and attributes

<typeOfResource> (encoding)

cartographiccorporateeventmixed materialmoving imagenotated musicperson softwaresound recordingsound recording-musicalsound recording-non musicalstill imagetext3D object

<form>(media)

cassette…concertconférencedisque compact…document numériquedocument imprimédocument manuscritémissionexpositiongroupe d’événementsmicroficheorganismepersonne…

<genre>(nature of resource)

adresseatelierbibliothèque…biographiecataloguecentre de recherchecolloquedictionnaireéditeurfestivalformationmaster classmonographienote de programmenotice d’œuvresalle de spectacle…

<role>(rôle, instrumentation)

auteurcompositeurconférencierintervenantmusicien interprète

instrument(iste)sensembles


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Home page: express search, agenda. Access to detailed search and other sections of the site.


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After an express search. Refine results (left), access to records (center), access to contents (right)


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Direct access to audio contents with embeded player. To see record, click on blue text.


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Detailed record. Access to original record, to audio contents. Identification of holder. Structure.


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Refinement: by type of recording (conference vs. musical work).


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Refinement: by provider (and location of physical contents or full-length audio contents).


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Refinement: by person name (composer, performers, etc.)


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Access to original record, to parent record, to MODS source.


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Source record


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Indexing the Grove as if it were a repository.


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Local record mentions access restrictions to the Grove record (subscription required).


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Example of a detailed search (of events). Other detailed search forms available.


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Online documentation of the model usedby the gateway.


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Project status Contents

Ca. 100,000 records Google indexes 60% Ca. 20% online contents audio video print manuscripts

Current developments Multilingualism done Fuller documentation www.musiquecontemporaine.fr/doc Ongoing digitization METS for preservation Genericization for gateways to other kinds of resources Europeana

Rights Future

New potential partners BnF, Ina, ensembles… Contextual and semantic navigation Archival service Multi-institution Archiprod + hosting

3. References


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References

The Multimedia Library web site http://mediatheque.ircam.fr

The Library’s newswatch service http://veille.ircam.fr IRCAM’s institutional web site http://www.ircam.fr IAML’s Newsletter

http://www.iaml.info/publications/newsletter The Gateway http://www.musiquecontemporaine.fr The ISMIR web site http://www.ismir.net Europeana http://www.europeana.eu Yves Raimond: A distributed Music Information

System http://moustaki.org/phd/thesis.pdf

preserving, organizing and accessing records of past musical events: two projects of the ircam...

Documents

ircam archiprod slide

multimedia library ircam

paris france slide

annotation tools slide

european library

muse en circuit slide

compositional tools

computer music