Presented By Samantha KiteRachel AdejohCarla AlpheusSylvia Assiamah

CONTRACEPTIVE METHODSIMPLANTS/INJECTABLES

Implanon - According to Hatcher et al. 2011, currently Implanon is the only single rod implant available in the United States.Norplant and Jadelle- Although has been approved by the FDA. It has not been used in the USA since 2002

TYPES OF IMPLANTS

Description- “ Implanon is a 4cm long and 2mm diameter implant. It contains 68mg of etonogestrel” (Youngkin, 2013).

IMPLANON

The applicator needle is positioned subdermally and the cannula is withdrawn, leaving the implant rod in place between the biceps, and triceps muscle.

APPLICATION

“It suppresses ovulation throughout the fi rst 3 years after insertion”.

“It alters endometrial structures, and it is progestin only”

“It changes cervical mucus, to impede sperm penetration”

(Youngkin, 2013).

MECHANISMS

Youngkin, 2013 reviewed a study which reveals that continued use of implanon in 1 year, yields an eff ective rate of 84%

EFFECTIVENESS

Ease of UseDiscreteNo EstrogenReduces Risk of Ectopic PregnancyReversibleProvides relief for endometriosis associated

symptomsRelief of endometriosis

ADVANTAGES

Abnormal Uterine BleedNo protection against STIsDrug InteractionOvarian CystsUnacceptable bleeding patterns

DISADVANTAGES

<6 weeks Postpartum breast feeding womenCurrent diagnosis of Breast cancerUnexplained, unevaluated abnormal Vaginal bleedingPregnancy

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Informed consentContact clinician for symptoms of infection at the

insertion siteRecord and date when implant should be removedPalpate site after insertion Reversible

PATIENT EDUCATION

Depo-Povera - It is the most commonly used injectable contraceptive. It provides 12 weeks of protection against pregnancy

INJECTABLE

APPLICATION

High effi cacyNo interference with sexHelps to prevent cancer of the uterusDoes not contain estrogen Often decreases bleeding and cramping with periodsEff ective for 12-13 weeks

ADVANTAGES

May cause irregular bleeding (especially in fi rst 6-12 months), light bleeding, or eventually no bleeding

May take up to 9-10 months to resume ovulation/regain fertility after discontinuing use

Long term users may develop temporary and usually reversible decreased bone density. Calcium (1200 mg/day) and vitamin D supplements are recommended while using. May induce weight changes

May cause headachesMay worsen depression No protection from STI's

DISADVANTAGES

Hatcher et al, 2011Youngkin, 2013

REFERENCES