presented by: julie k balassa office for students with disabilities valencia college who is leaning...
TRANSCRIPT
Congratulations!You’re in charge of Alt Format…
Now what?
Presented by:Julie K Balassa
Office for Students with DisabilitiesValencia College
Who is leaning and who is supporting?
CandoCo’s Victoria Main and co-performershttp://www.disabilitynow.org.uk/entertainment/arts/from-my-bedroom-to-the-olympics
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Community of Us
AHEAD IMAG (Instructional Materials Accessibility Group) ATHEN (Access Technology Higher Education Network DSSHE (Disabled Student Services in Higher Education) ATN (Access Text Network) AAP (American Association of Publishers) NFB (National Federation of the Blind) AMX (Alternate Media eXchange Database)
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Community of You
Academic Departments (Dean, Faculty, Staff Assistants)
Book Store
Campus Administration
Financial Aid (FWS)
Internship Office
Library (Director, librarians, checkout staff)
OIT (CIO, techs, web design team, AV, etc.)
Student Development/Student Life
Word Processing
STUDENTS!
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If they are to have a choice,we have no choice.
Half a Dozen Laws
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
(ADA) The Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act of 2008
(ADAA) Section 504, the ADA, and the ADAA apply to recipients of Federal
financial assistance
Section 508 of the Rehab Act applies to Federal government and maybe education sector
Copyright Law Fair Use Chafee Amendment
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Section 504
A recipient . . . shall take such steps as are necessary to ensure that no handicapped student is denied the benefits of, excluded from participation in, or otherwise subjected to discrimination under the education program or activity operated by the recipient because of the absence of educational auxiliary aids for students with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills.
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ADA and ADAA
A public entity shall furnish appropriate auxiliary aids and services where necessary to afford an individual with a disability an equal opportunity to participate in, and enjoy the benefits of, a service, program, or activity conducted by a public entity.
Auxiliary Aids and services may include:
Taped texts Notetakers Interpreters Readers Videotext displays Television enlargers Talking calculators Braille calculators,
printers, or typewriters Telephone amplifiers
Closed or open captioning Voice synthesizers Specialized gym equipment Calculators or keyboards with
large buttons Reaching device for library Tactile graphics Assistive listening devices Telecommunication devices
for deaf persons
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Section 508
[E]ach Federal department or agency…shall ensure, unless an undue burden would be imposed on the department or agency, that the electronic and information technology allows…individuals with disabilities to have [comparable] access and use of information and data.
Mandatory in some states, best practice in others
Applies to Development, procurement, maintenance, use
Enforcement
Office for Civil Rights (OCR) Ordinarily handles grievances from students Typically calls in the DOJ if litigation is involved
Department of Justice (DOJ) Students can file a grievance directly with the DOJ DOJ may refer it back to OCR if no litigation
Both the OCR and DOJ interpret the laws and make decisions that constitute precedent.
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Important Interpretations
The OCR) has repeatedly interpreted the term "communication" in this context to mean the transfer of information, including (but not limited to) the verbal presentation of a lecturer, the printed text of a book, and the resources of the Internet.
In construing the conditions under which communication is "as effective as" that provided to non-disabled persons, on several occasions OCR has regarded the three basic components of effectiveness as timeliness of delivery accuracy of the translation provision in a manner and medium appropriate to the significance
of the message and the abilities of the individual with the disability
AHEAD Position Statement
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What if there’s a grievance?
The OCR/DOJ will investigate and look for
An accessibility map
Clear and easily accessible ADA Coordinator information
Clear and easily accessible grievance process information
Discrimination grievance is not the same as grade grievance!
Clear and easily accessible policies/guidelines that are
Reasonable
Not designed to exclude
Compliance – mainly that communication with the student with a disability was as effective as communication with others
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Scenarios
Is this OK? Is this OK?
A student who is blind requests a format compatible with Jaws.
You provide an audio recording (delivery method inconsequential).
A student with a reading disorder requests a “book on tape”.
You provide an HTML file that must be read with a screenreader.
Scenarios
Is this OK? Is this OK?
A student requests a math text in audio format.
You provide a publisher PDF file.
A student makes a timely alt format request.
You lose some staff so extend your turnaround time.
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Scenarios
Is this OK? Is this OK?
A student who is blind makes a timely alt format request for a foreign language textbook.
You’re under-staffed so you explain that you cannot provide a file in which languages are auto-detected and the student will have to manually toggle voices.
A student requests the 5th edition of a textbook.
Learning Ally does not have the 5th edition and you have no time to produce it so you provide the 4th edition.
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One way or another You can build it into the infrastructure.
Or you can provide ad-hoc individual accommodations.
One way or another, you must satisfy student need.
Which is more sustainable?
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Copyright Law
Copyright protection subsists…in original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression, now known or later developed, from which they can be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or device.
The owner of a copyright has the exclusive right to reproduce, distribute, perform, display, license, and to prepare derivative works based on the copyrighted work.
But there are limitations on exclusive rights.
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Limitation on Exclusive RightsFair Use
…the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright.
4 factors to be considered: Purpose & character of use Nature of copyrighted work Amount & substantiality of portion used:work as a whole Effect of use upon potential market
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Limitation on Exclusive RightsChafee Amendment (PL 104-197)
"(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 710, it is not an infringement of copyright for an authorized entity to reproduce or to distribute copies or phonorecords of a previously published, nondramatic literary work if such copies or phonorecords are reproduced or distributed in specialized formats exclusively for use by blind or other persons with disabilities.
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Chafee “Authorized Entity”
…'authorized entity' means a nonprofit organization or a governmental agency that has a primary mission to provide specialized services relating to training, education, or adaptive reading or information access needs of blind or other persons with disabilities.
Post-secondary institutions are not considered Authorized Entities.
That means we must obtain permission to scan and distribute and we must obtain proof of purchase.
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Now for the nitty gritty
Is he saying “What’s a grit?” or “What’s an alt format”?
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Alternate Format
The choice to access material in formats other than standard print
A Dozen Policies/Procedures
Be registered with disability services
Be registered in the class
Turnaround time
Request in time
1st & 2nd preference (opportunity to change?)
Provide proof of purchase for publisher files
Check email (or other) for notice that files are ready
Check alt format materials when received
Do not distribute (sell, post on Facebook, etc.)
Return or delete at end of term or if withdraw
Contact DSS if contact info changes
Consequences for failure to abide by agreement
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Half a Dozen Alt Format Processes
Student request
Data entry
Order (Learning Ally, publisher, ATN, etc.)
Satisfied and download or receive CD
Denied and research other options
Safe Storage
Production
Delivery
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Student Request
Online form
Local form
In-person
Who gathers the book information? Institutional textbook selection process Institutional textbook ordering process Timeline sync
availability of book information start of classes alt format turn-around time
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Request Data Tracking
Excel spreadsheet
Online form data autopopulates csv file
Automatically emails stakeholders
E-mail folders
Hard copy files
Other?
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Order Ordering staff
You Your assistant Department staff assistant Student workers
Ordering portal Learning Ally, Bookshare, APH (Louis), Project Gutenberg, et al ATN – 2 levels of membership, free and paid/file contribution Publisher websites et al
Ordering steps Place order Check status To be continued…
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Ordering steps
Satisfied Download files/receive CD Store
Denied Beg – use the word “desperate” Contact publisher rep Contact publisher admin Contact archivist
(you may end up wearing a concrete overcoat) Research other digital options (e.g. Kindle for PC version) Communicate with the student!
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Safe Storage – Location
Cabinet
Local drive
Network drive
Removable drive
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Safe Storage - Subjects
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Safe Storage - Folder Naming Convention
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Safe Storage - File Naming Convention
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Production - Hardware Tool Kit
Decent computer with enough processor speed & memory
Dual monitors
High-speed scanner
Guillotine
Tactile graphics production equipment e.g. PIAF
Braille embosser
DAISY portable player for testing?
Mobile devices for testing?
Headphones, earplugs, ear buds
Food & gifts
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Production - Software Tool Kit
Dolphin Publisher - DAISY production
MS Word 2007
Adobe Acrobat Pro – PDF production
Abbyy FineReader or Scansoft OmniPage - OCR
Dreamweaver or Notepad - HTML production
Infty, Scientific Notebook and/or MathType - math production
Duxbury Braille Translation SW
Adobe Illustrator - tactile graphics production
Dolphin Easy Converter or K3000 - MP3 production
Dolphin Easy Converter - multi-purpose (11 in – 5 out)
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Production – A Dozen Input Formats
Microsoft Word documents Rich Text Format Text EPUB files (open or unprotected files) PDF HTML Website data Test bank data Scanned paper documents NIMAS KESI (Kurzweil 3000) Image files - JPEG, TIFF, EPS, BMP etc.
Production – A Dozen Output Formats
Microsoft Word documents Rich Text Format Text DAISY PDF – edited HTML/XML KESI MP3 Large Print Braille Tactile Graphics Image files with alt text
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Production - Materials
Course materials– textbooks, packets, manuals, etc. Required Optional
Institutional materials including Orientation Deadlines Maps
Exams including Course Entrance Exit
Online including LMS (Learning Management System) Lecture capture Websites
Internal External
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Half a Dozen Accessibility Rules
Rule 1: It’s not real text just because it looks like text.
Rule 2: It’s not real math just because it looks like math.
Rule 3: A picture has no real text just because it looks like text.
Rule 4: It’s not real foreign language just because it looks like foreign language.
Rule 5: It’s not a real list just because it looks like a list.
Rule 6: It doesn’t stand out just because it looks like it does.
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Rule 1
It’s not real text just because it looks like text. If you click & the whole thing is selected, it’s not real text. If you scanned it & didn’t OCR it, it’s not real text. If you wrote on it, your cursive writing is not real text.
Rule 2
It’s not real math unless there’s MathML.
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Rule 3
Text in a picture is not real text unless you add alt text.
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Rule 4
It’s not really foreign language unless you set the language.
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Rule 5
It’s not a real list unless there’s li or group code.
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Rule 6
It doesn’t really stand out unless there are headers and styles.
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Production – TriagePDF
Quick & dirty Add metadata Set language Paginate Add tags Tools needed: Adobe Acrobat Pro
Intensive – above plus Fix logical document structure (hierarchical headings etc.) Set logical reading order Add bookmarks that correspond to headings Add alt text for images Fix tables Tools needed: Adobe Acrobat Pro
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Production – TriageWord
Quick & dirty Clean up styles (normal, H1, H2, H3) Set language Paginate Tools needed: MS Word
Intensive – above plus, including Clean up styles (nest Headings, fix Lists, etc.) Set headers & styles according to printed book Add alt text for images Fix tables Tools needed: MS Word
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Production – TriageDAISY
Quick & dirty Convert from source PDF or Word file Tools needed
Dolphin Easy Converter Dolphin Producer Save As DAISY plug-in for Word
Intensive Convert from thoroughly prepared Word or HTML file Edit on conversion or DAISY side Tools needed
Dolphin Easy Converter Dolphin Publisher
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Production – TriageMP3
Quick & dirty Convert directly from source file (Word, PDF, HTML, etc.) Tools needed
Dolphin Easy Converter Read & Write Gold or Kurzweil 3000 Etc.
Intensive Thoroughly prepare source file Tools needed
MS Word Dreamweaver or Notepad Dolphin Easy Converter (can produce one MP3 per heading)
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Production – Math
Tools needed Infty Scientific Notebook MathType MathDaisy
Text & Math Text can be copied & pasted or OCR’d Math must be OCR’d & fixed (Infty) or created from scratch
(SN, MathType)
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Production – Foreign Language
Tools needed MS Word Dreamweaver Dolphin Publisher
Primary language Set language of or synthesize whole document with
primary language Set language of or synthesize selected sections of
secondary language with other voice
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Production Relief
Products SARA/EVAS Zoom Twix Read & Write Gold Dolphin Easy Converter
Staff Permanent Temporary (loaners, work study students)
Services Word processing File exchange Outsourcing e.g. Badger Accessibility Services
http://www.bas.wisc.edu/
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Delivery
FTP
Cloud
Media
Give students a choice!
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Q & A
Contact Information
Julie K. Balassa
Assistant Director
Office for Students with Disabilities
Valencia College
Some ResourcesADA/Section 504 info http://www.pacificu.edu/studentlife/lss/faculty/ada504faq.cfm
Section 508 info http://www.justice.gov/crt/508/508law http://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?fuseAction=1998Amend
Auxiliary Aids info - OCR http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/auxaids.html
AHEAD http://www.ahead.org
AHEAD Institute on E-Text Production document http://www.ahead.org/uploads/docs/etext/training/Production%20Training%20Binder%20Spring%202007.pdf
AHEAD textbook access position statement http://www.ahead.org/resources/e-text/position-statement
American Printing House for the Blind http://www.aph.org/
ATHEN http://www.athenpro.org/
ATN (Access Text Network) http://www.accesstext.org/
Bookshare https://www.bookshare.org/
Chafee NLS factsheet http://www.loc.gov/nls/reference/factsheets/copyright.html
Copyright info http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/copyright
DAISY info http://daisy.org
DSSHE listserv http://listserv.buffalo.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A0=DSSHE-L
Dolphin http://yourdolphin.com/
Duxbury Systems http://www.duxburysystems.com/
HTCTU (High Tech Center Training Unit) http://htctu.net
Karlen Communications (Karen McCall) http://www.karlencommunications.com/
Kurzweil Educational Systems http://www.kurzweiledu.com/default.html
Learning Ally http://www.learningally.org/
MathType, MathPlayer, MathDaisy http://www.dessci.com/en/
NFB info including listservs http://www.nfbnet.org/
Project Gutenberg http://www.gutenberg.org/
Read &Write Gold info http://www.texthelp.com/
SARA http://www.freedomscientific.com/products/lv/sara-product-page.asp
Scientific Notebook http://www.mackichan.com/index.html?products/snb.html~mainFrame
Valencia OSD website http://valenciacollege.edu/osd jkb 2012