presentation_jose_escarcega_brownsvillesummer_7-27-15_2155 (final)
TRANSCRIPT
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Descriptive Assessment of Eye Cataracts in the Jirel Population, Nepal, March 2015
Jose Escarcega
Mentor: Matthew P. Johnson, Ph.D.Associate ProfessorSouth Texas Diabetes and Obesity InstituteSchool of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande Valley
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Introduction
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Visual Impairment•Defined as blindness and/or poor vision•Approximately 11% of the world’s
population is visually impaired•Important public health issue•Burdens health care systems
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Cataracts•Defined as clouding of the lens
▫This results from proteins ‘clumping’ together
•Leading cause of visual impairment, globally
•Higher prevalence in developing countries
•Risk factors include: age, UV exposure, and smoking
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The Jirel people of Dolakha District, eastern Nepal
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Purpose•To perform descriptive statistics of self-
and clinician-reported data from the Jirel population, focusing on cataract disease.
•To determine if there were any
correlations between variables studied that could help explain ocular-related pathology in this population, specifically cataract disease.
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Methods
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Overview of Methods: Study Design
Data were provided to J. Escarcega for analysis regarding cataract disease
Investigators enter data into an Excel database
First data collection session by Dr. Johnson and his colleagues
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Variables Analyzed•Demographic
▫Gender, age•Social
▫Smoking, alcohol, tobacco chewing•Clinical
▫Systemic illness, hypertension, diabetes, asthma, cerebrovascular accident
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Results
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Demographic Analyses
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Gender Distribution
39%
61%
Gender Distribution of the Jirel Eye Cataract Study Population
MaleFemale
N=229
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Age Distribution by Gender Male Female Total
Age <49 47 90 137Age >50 42 50 92Total 89 140 229
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Age Distribution
0-19 20-39 40-59 60-79 80-990
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
11
76
91
43
8
Age groups
Num
ber
of p
atie
nts
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Social DeterminantsBehavior Use Don’t UseSmoking 26% 74%
Alcohol Use 56% 44%Tobacco Chewing 13% 87%
N=229
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Clinical FindingsDisease Yes No Data not
Available
Systemic Illness 56% 44% 0%Hypertension 12% 85% 3%
Diabetes 5% 92% 3%Asthma 5% 92% 3%
Cerebrovascular Accident 0% 97% 3%
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Association between selected variables and cataract disease
Variable P-ValueAge 2.38e-13
Gender 0.674Smoking 0.01645Alcohol 0.8052Tobacco 0.6305
Systemic Illness 0.00155Hypertension 0.001881
Diabetes 0.05916Asthma 0.01398
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Conclusions
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Conclusions:•Demographics: >60% female
•Social Determinants: 56% alcohol use, 26% smoking
•Clinical Findings: 56% systemic illness, 12% hypertension
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Association of Variables with Cataract Disease•Age> Hypertension> Systemic Illness>
Asthma> Smoking
•These associations make sense biologically
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Limitations•Small sample size
•Categorized cataract types into one group to maximize study power
•Only able to analyze selected variables▫As a result, not able to study all the
possible associations between variables and cataract disease
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Future Studies•Study more variables related to cataracts
and other eye diseases
•Determine additional risk factors
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Acknowledgements• Research funding
▫ NIH/NEI grant number EY024384 (Johnson/Williams-Blangero)
• Personnel▫ South Texas Diabetes & Obesity Institute, UTRGV, Brownsville, TX: Matthew
P. Johnson, Ph.D.; Sarah Williams-Blangero, Ph.D.; John Blangero, Ph.D.; Sandy Laston, R.N., Ph.D.
• Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal:▫ Suman S. Thapa, M.D., Ph.D.; Mohan K. Shrestha, M.P.H.
• Miami University, Oxford, OH: ▫ Janardan Subedi, Ph.D.
• Wright State University, Kettering, OH: ▫ Bradford Towne, Ph.D.
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Thank you!•The University of Texas School of Public
Health, Brownsville Regional Campus▫Matthew P. Johnson, PhD
•The University of Texas at Austin▫Leanne Field, PhD
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Questions?