presentation waapp as a model hrm
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A model for sustainable A model for sustainable investment in agricultural investment in agricultural research for developmentresearch for development
The Case of the West Africa Agricultural The Case of the West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP)Productivity Program (WAAPP)
The Case of the West Africa Agricultural The Case of the West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP)Productivity Program (WAAPP)
Harold Roy-Macauley 16 July, 2013 – Accra, Ghana
Presentation Plan
• Potential of agriculture in development
• Investment in agricultural research for development
• WAAPP as a model for sustained investment in agricultural research for development
• Conclusion
Potential of agriculture in development
Agriculture is the engine for economic growth and development in Africa
• Employs 70% of the population
• Accounts for 32% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
• Agriculture Market Value Chain (AMVC) presents huge potentials for delivering development outputs, outcomes, and impacts
Potential of agriculture in development
Suppliers Agricultural research for development Finance
Producers
Retailers/wholesalers
Consumers
Manufactures/Processors
THE AMVC
INPUTS
INVESTMENTS
Food
jobsknowledgeand skills
Reduced poverty
Added value to
costumers
resilience resilience
diversified economy
diversified economy
Public – Private Sector Partnerships
Potential of agriculture in development
Unlock the potential of agriculture & fulfill vision of African Heads of States - 6% annual agricultural growth rate by 2015
• Costly process of structural reforms and policy changes
• Countries are on the recovery path
• Long term challenge facing agriculture : bridging the growth & productivity gap to accelerate poverty reduction
Actual Poverty Rate in 1990
EVEN IF ALL AFRICAN COUNTRIES MEET THE MDG POVERTY TARGET, POVERTY LEVELS WILL STILL BE RELATIVELY HIGH AT AVERAGE RATE OF 30%
SUSTAINING AN AGRICULTURAL GROWTH RATE OF 6% WILL NOT BE ENOUGH FOR MANY COUNTRIES TO ACHIEVE THAT OUTCOME MANY AFRICAN COUNTRIES WILL BE UNDER GROWING
PRESSURE TO MEET THE SHORT TERM SOCIAL NEEDS OF LARGE POOLS OF POOR PEOPLE
Potential of agriculture in development
Potential of agriculture in development
• Governments and development partners are recognizing the importance of investing in agriculture
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows to developing countries doubled in 2006–08, but the share going to the agrifood sector is small – less than 5 percent of total
• Long term challenge facing agriculture would be bridging the expenditure gap to accelerate growth
LONG TERM CHALLENGE FACING AGRICULTURE #2:
BRIDGING THE EXPENDITURE GAP TO ACCELERATE GROWTH
Actual Poverty Rate in 1990
Source: Dollar a Day Poverty Rates from World Bank, PovCal Net, 2008 [poverty line $1.25]; Projected CAADP Poverty Rates from various IFPRI country CAADP Growth Simulation Studies
THE FUNDING REQUIREMENTS TO ACHIEVE A 6% GROWTH IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR WOULD IMPLY DOUBLE DIGIT BUDGET GROWTH RATES
AFRICAN COUNTRIES WILL THEREFORE FIND THEMSELVES IN SEVERE BUDGETARY TRADE OFFS:
1.HAVING TO FINANCE THE GROWING SHORT TERM SOCIAL NEEDS OF LARGE POOLS OF POOR PEOPLE
2.WHILE INVESTING MORE IN LONG TERM GROWTH
Investment in Agricultural R & D
Increase Financial
Resources
Boost AMVC
Economic growth
Agricultural transformation
Institutional resources
Human resources
Human resources
Investment in Agricultural R & D
Brazil 4%
High Income Countries 51%
Source : ASTI 2012; Eurostat 2012; OECD 2012 & country level secondary resources
Investment in agricultural R & D
Africa South of the Sahara 5%
Salary Increases
Rehabilitation of
infrastructure Equipment
Source : Bientema and Stads, 2011
VERY LITTLE GOES ACTUALLY TO RESEARCH
Investment in agricultural R & D
Growth in agricultural spending In Africa South of the Sahara
Between 2000 & 2008
1/3 driven by Ghana, Tanzania, and Uganda
½ driven by Nigeria
Source : Bientema and Stads, 2011
Investment in agricultural R & D
Generally low investment and capacity in R & D in
Africa South of the Sahara
Impact of agricultural R&D on rural development and poverty reduction
is questionable
Source : Bientema and Stads, 2011
Investment in agricultural R & D
Erratic fluctuation in spending levels from one year to another (volatility) higher in Africa South of the Sahara
than in other developing regions
Short term project-oriented nature of donor and developmentbank funding
Source : Stads, 2011
Main driver of volatility
Investment in agricultural R & D
Absence of sustained level of government funding
Source : Stads, 2011
Reduction of research
projects and lay-off of staff
Crises of ag.R & D agencies
occur at the completion of
large donor funded projects
Elimination of hard won progress
Investment in agricultural R & D
Promoting sustainable investments by governments in agricultural research over time and attracting requisite funding to accelerate
economic growth require the establishment of a robust model that identifies priority areas for investment that have potential impact in the
agricultural sector and the economy of the region as a whole
WAAPP as a ModelWAAPP•A large scale project with strong regional integration connotation in West Africa & strong potential for driving transformational change
•Government funded with WB facilitation
•Implemented at country level under coordination of CORAF/WECARD with strong control mechanisms
•Addresses perceived challenges to agricultural productivity under reduced transactional costs
• Attracts private sector investments and international donors
WAAPP as a Model
Presented as a Conceptual Model to start off
•Enhance understanding of the process of increasing and sustaining investment in agricultural R & D
•knowledge used by stakeholders used to boost sustained investment in agricultural research for development.
WAAPP as a Model
Large scale-project
Government funding
Regional Coordination Unit
National Coordination Unit
Political environment for
facilitating dissemination &
adoption of technologies
Agricultural research Capacity
strengthening(Training and
Infrastructure)
Funds for dissemination
and adoption of technologies & innovations
Administrative, Fiduciary,
Communication & M&E systems for facilitating
program delivery result delivery
Agricultural Market Value Chain Agricultural Market Value Chain
Nat. Steering Comm.Nat. Steering Comm.
Reg.Steering Comm.Reg.Steering Comm.Sub Reg. OrganisationsSub Reg. Organisations
Min. of AgricultureMin. of Agriculture
WAAPP Financing Funding Levels of WAAPP (US$ million)
Series Countries IDA GFRP Japan PHRD Total
WAAPP-1A
Ghana 15 - - 15
Mali 15 - - 15
Senegal 15 - - 15
WAAPP-1B
Burkina Faso 15 6 - 21
Côte d’Ivoire 30 6 8 44
Nigeria 45 6 - 51
WAAPP-1C
Benin 16.8 - - 16.8
The Gambia 7 5 - 12
Guinea - - 9 9
Liberia 6 - 8 14
Niger 30 - - 30
Sierra Leone 12 - 10 22
Togo 12 - - 12
WAAPP2A
Ghana 60 - - 60
Mali 60 - - 60
Senegal 60 - - 60
Total 398.8 23 35 456.8
WAAPP as model
Some deliverables
•So far the Project has reached 575 000 beneficiaries
•65 yield enhancing technologies developed /improved and made available to participating countries
•230 000 ha covered with improved technologies
•Regional cooperation in terms of knowledge and technological exchange continues to improve: promotion of technological marketplace allows buying and selling of technologies relevant to value chain systems
•Countries are implementing technology dissemination and adoption plans: greater use of e-extension, innovation platforms, increased use of quality seeds
Conclusions & Recommendations
• A Conceptual Model for sustainable investment in agricultural R & D
• Encourage extensive testing in all sub-regions of Africa
• Encourage further analysis and scaling up to an economic model to give it more value
Merci pour votre attention
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