Protected areas and National Protected areas and National Parks in EuropeParks in Europe

The Czech RepublicThe Czech Republic

The Czech Republic in EuropeThe Czech Republic in Europe

The Czech Republic – The Czech Republic – geomorphological mapgeomorphological map

Holice

Protection of Protection of naturenature

The Czech Republic is a country The Czech Republic is a country whichwhich appreciates its natural beauty and  appreciates its natural beauty and

rarities, and therefore protects them. rarities, and therefore protects them. Longtime care and protection have Longtime care and protection have

preserved the authentic landscape of preserved the authentic landscape of Central Europe, where manyCentral Europe, where many endangered endangered

animal and plant species prosper.animal and plant species prosper.

CategorCategoriesies of protected of protected areasareas

National ParksNational Parks (NP)(NP) - - tthe most important categoryhe most important category..  NPNP are are large areas that are unique both on a national and international large areas that are unique both on a national and international scale. scale. NP are NP are territories with preserved natural environments or territories with preserved natural environments or ecosystems that have not  been greatly affectedecosystems that have not  been greatly affected by human by human activity. activity.

Protected Landscape AreasProtected Landscape Areas (PLA) - (PLA) - are large territories are large territories with landscapes formed in harmonywith landscapes formed in harmony,, with characteristically with characteristically developed reliefs, a significant portion of natural ecosystems of developed reliefs, a significant portion of natural ecosystems of forest and continuing herbage, rich representations of tree forest and continuing herbage, rich representations of tree species and preserved monuments of historical settlements. species and preserved monuments of historical settlements. 

National nature reserves National nature reserves andand Nature reserves Nature reserves – – are are rrelatively small areas that have extraordinary natural valueelatively small areas that have extraordinary natural value..

National natural monument National natural monument andand NNatural atural monumentmonument - - signifies a natural formation in fragments of signifies a natural formation in fragments of ecosystems with regional ecological, scientific or aesthetic ecosystems with regional ecological, scientific or aesthetic significance, though formed by man through his activities significance, though formed by man through his activities performed together with nature. performed together with nature. 

Czech Protected Areas Czech Protected Areas

Protected Landscape Protected Landscape Areas Areas (PLA)(PLA)

Protected landscape area is a Czech Protected landscape area is a Czech national category intended to protect national category intended to protect larger areas or entire geographic areas larger areas or entire geographic areas with harmoniously formed landscapes, with harmoniously formed landscapes, characteristic reliefs and prevalence of characteristic reliefs and prevalence of natural or, more precisely, half-natural natural or, more precisely, half-natural ecosystems. The high natural and ecosystems. The high natural and landscape value of the territory and its landscape value of the territory and its harmonious utilization are recognized on harmonious utilization are recognized on an international scale. an international scale.

There are 25 PLA in the Czech RepublicThere are 25 PLA in the Czech Republic

PLA in Eastern BohemiaPLA in Eastern Bohemia

Broumovsko – 410 Broumovsko – 410 km²km² Český ráj Český ráj (The Bohemian Paradise)(The Bohemian Paradise) – 182 – 182 km²km² Orlické hory Orlické hory (The Eagle Mountains)(The Eagle Mountains) – 204 – 204

km²km² Železné hory Železné hory (The Iron Mountains)(The Iron Mountains) – 284 – 284

km²km² Žďárské vrchy Žďárské vrchy (The Zdarske Highlands)(The Zdarske Highlands) – 709 – 709

km²km²

Czech National ParksCzech National Parks

Šumava Šumava NationalNational Park Park

Krkonoše Krkonoše NationalNational Park Park

Bohemian Bohemian SwitzerlandSwitzerland NationalNational Park Park

Podyjí Podyjí NationalNational Park Park

Šumava NPŠumava NPProclaimed: 1991 Proclaimed: 1991 Location:Location: An extensive An extensive

part of the Šumava part of the Šumava mountain range on the mountain range on the Czech Republic's Czech Republic's southwest borders with southwest borders with Germany and Austria. Germany and Austria.

Area:Area: 690 690 km² km² HHighest point:ighest point: 1 1..378 m 378 m

(Plechý(Plechý))Lowest point:Lowest point: 600 600 mm

(Otava valley by (Otava valley by Rejštejn)Rejštejn)

Šumava NP includesŠumava NP includes the the remains of primeval remains of primeval forest mountainous forest mountainous growths, glacial lakes growths, glacial lakes and valley moors. and valley moors.

Bohemian Switzerland Bohemian Switzerland NPNP

Proclaimed: 2000Proclaimed: 2000Location:Location: Located Located on the on the

northwest border with northwest border with GermanyGermany. It links to the . It links to the Sächsische Schweiz Sächsische Schweiz (Saxonian Switzerland) (Saxonian Switzerland) National Park on the German National Park on the German side, which was established side, which was established 10 years prior (1990). 10 years prior (1990).

Area:Area: 79 km² 79 km² Highest point:Highest point: 619 m ( 619 m (Růžový Růžový

vrchvrch))Lowest point:Lowest point: 116 m 116 m

(Hřensko)(Hřensko)Bohemian Switzerland NPBohemian Switzerland NP is is

a a part of the more part of the more extensive extensive geomorphological set of geomorphological set of the Elbe Sandstone rocks. the Elbe Sandstone rocks.

Podyjí NPPodyjí NPProclaimed: 1991Proclaimed: 1991Location: Location: Halfway between the Halfway between the

cities of Znojmo and Vranov cities of Znojmo and Vranov nad Dyjí, on the border with nad Dyjí, on the border with Austria. The Austrian National Austria. The Austrian National Park Thayatal is located on the Park Thayatal is located on the other side of the Dyjother side of the Dyjee River. River. Both parks make up a bilateral Both parks make up a bilateral area unique in Europe.area unique in Europe.

Area: Area: 63 km²63 km² (the smallest one) (the smallest one)Highest point: Highest point: 536 m above sea 536 m above sea

level level Lowest point: Lowest point: 207 m above sea 207 m above sea

levellevelThis national park represents This national park represents

an excellently preserved an excellently preserved example of river valley example of river valley countryside in the hilly level countryside in the hilly level of Central Europe.of Central Europe.

The area is also exceptional in The area is also exceptional in its diverse array of plant and its diverse array of plant and animal life.animal life.

Krkonoše NP Krkonoše NP (KRNAP)(KRNAP)Proclaimed: 1963Proclaimed: 1963Location: Location: ItIt extends over extends over

the northeast part of the northeast part of Bohemia along the Polish Bohemia along the Polish border. The territory border. The territory belongs to the Krkonoše-belongs to the Krkonoše-Jeseníky (Sudeten) Jeseníky (Sudeten) system in terms of the system in terms of the Bohemian highlands. Bohemian highlands.

Total area:Total area: 549 549 km²km² Altitude above sea level:Altitude above sea level:

400 to 1400 to 1..602 m (Sněžka)602 m (Sněžka)KRNAP is one of the KRNAP is one of the

most important most important protected landscape protected landscape areas in the Czech areas in the Czech Republic and is also Republic and is also one of the largest one of the largest parks in Europe. parks in Europe.

KRNAP – more KRNAP – more informationinformation

Krkonoše Krkonoše NP isNP is among the worldwide biosphere among the worldwide biosphere reservations within the Man and Biosphere reservations within the Man and Biosphere (MAB) program(MAB) programmeme of UNESCO. of UNESCO.

Krkonoše NP and Karkonoski park narodowy, Krkonoše NP and Karkonoski park narodowy, which lies on the Polish side of a border, form which lies on the Polish side of a border, form Bilateral Biosphere Reserve Bilateral Biosphere Reserve Krkonose/Karkonosze from 1992.Krkonose/Karkonosze from 1992.

Average temperature: Average temperature: +6°C - 0°C +6°C - 0°C Rainfall: Rainfall: 800-1600 mm a year, 800-1600 mm a year, snow 150-300 cm snow 150-300 cm

( even 180 days a year)( even 180 days a year) Plants: Plants: over 1300 speciesover 1300 species Vertebrates: Vertebrates: 240 species (57 of mammals, 165 240 species (57 of mammals, 165

of birds) of birds) VVegetation level:egetation level:o ssubmontane:ubmontane: 480 - 800 meters above sea level; 480 - 800 meters above sea level;

leafy and mixed forestsleafy and mixed forestso mmountain:ountain: 800 – 1 800 – 1..200 meters above sea level; 200 meters above sea level; pine forests and mountain meadowspine forests and mountain meadowso ssubalpine:ubalpine: 1 1..200 – 1200 – 1..450 meters above sea 450 meters above sea

level; level; shrub growth, marshland and glacial shrub growth, marshland and glacial

cirquescirqueso aalpine:lpine: 1 1..450 – 1450 – 1..602 meters above sea level; 602 meters above sea level; lichen, grassy and stony tundralichen, grassy and stony tundra

Krkonoše Krkonoše NPNP

FloraFlora

Gentiana asclepiadeaGentiana asclepiadea

Pulsatilla scherfeliiPulsatilla scherfelii

Veratrum lobelianum Lilium Veratrum lobelianum Lilium martagonmartagon

Rubus chamaemorusRubus chamaemorus

FaunaFauna

Tetrao urogallus Tetrao urogallus (male)(male)

Vipera berusVipera berus

Asio otus Cervus Asio otus Cervus elaphuselaphus

Salamandra salamandraSalamandra salamandra