Presentation onforce field analysis and entrapment

Submitted by: Vaibhavi RanderiaSubmitted to: Mrs. Rutvi Sarang

Meaning of force field analysisForce field analysis is a management

technique developed by Kurt Lewin, a pioneer in the field of social sciences, for diagnosing situations. Force Field Analysis is a useful technique for looking at all the forces for and against a decision. In effect, it is a specialized method of weighing pros and cons.

Lewin assumes that in any situation there are both driving and restraining forces that influence any change that may occur.

Driving forces Restraining forces Driving forces are those

forces affecting a situation that are pushing in a particular direction; they tend to initiate a change and keep it going. In terms of improving productivity in a work group, pressure from a supervisor, and competition may be examples of driving forces.

Restraining forces are forces acting to restrain or decrease the driving forces. Apathy, hostility, and poor maintenance of equipment may be examples of restraining forces against increased production.

Equilibrium is reached when the sum of the driving forces equals the sum of the restraining forces. In our example, equilibrium represents the present level of productivity.

How to use force field analysis?Describe your plan or proposal for change in

the middle. List all forces for change in one column, and

all forces against change in another column. Assign a score to each force, from 1 (weak) to

5 (strong).

Worksheet of force field analysis

Scores for change

scores Change proposal scores Scores against change

total total

For example: Imagine that you are a manager deciding whether to install new manufacturing equipment in your factory.

Steps of force field analysis

Describe the current situationDescribe desired situationIdentify where the current situation will go if no

action is takenList all the forces driving change towards the

desired situationList all the forces resisting change towards

desired situation?Discuss and interrogate all of the forces”: are

they valid? Can they be changed? Which r the critical ones?

Allocate a score to each of the forces using a numerical scale?eg: 1 extremely weak and 10 extremely strong

Chart the forces: list the driving force on left and restraining on the right

Determine whether change is viable and progress can occur

Discuss how change can be affected by decreasing the strength of the restraining forces or by increasing the strength of driving forces

Remember that increasing the driving forces or decreasing the restraining forces may increase or decrease other forces or even create new ones

Use of force field analysis method

Investigate the balance of power involved in an issue

Identify the most important players(stakeholders)and target groups of a campaign on the issue

Identify opponents and alliesIdentify how u can influence each target

group

EntrapmentIt is a special form of escalation in which

parties involved expand more of their time, energy, money or other resources in a conflict.

Escalation means increase in perceived or actual size of a conflict.

Example: in context of an organization, it must be decided how much R&D expenditure is needed to build a new or improved product.