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UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION
ESA/STAT/AC.142.19
UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA
International Workshop on Country Practices in Compilation of
International Merchandise Trade Statistics, 12-16 November 2007, Addis Ababa
Country Presentation Statistics Turkey
Item 11: Coverage and time of recording
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Inward and Outward Processing in Turkey
by Bülent TUNGUL
MEDSTAT II - Workshop in Addis Ababa:Country Practices in
Compilation of International Merchandise Trade Statistics
12-16 November 2007
13/10/2007
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
OutlineIntroductionCustoms Procedure Codes (CPCs) Statistical Procedure Codes (SPCs)Nature of TransactionInward Procedure (IPR)Outward Procedure (OPR)Encountered Problems
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
IntroductionTurkey joined the Customs Union with the EU in 1996.
Customs practices are harmonized with EU.
Turkey is member of a number of international conventions, such as the revised Kyoto Convention, the Convention on Harmonised System
Customs in Turkey has a comprehensive computer system, BILGE, in place for customs control and trade facilitation. This system into a web-based technology. EDI system is used more comman. 99% of declaration are electronic.
TURKSTAT is responsible for producing and dissemination of external trade statistics
Special trade system (Relaxed definitation)
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Customs Procedure Codes (CPC)
The Customs Procedure Codes (CPCs) identify the customs and/or excise regimes to which goods are being entered and from which they have been removed (where this applies).
The CPC is completed at export as well as import.
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Main Customs Procedures1) Release for free Circulation (Importation)2) Transit3) Customs Warehousing4) Inward Processing5) Processing under customs control 6) Temporary Admission7) Outward Processing8) Export
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Statistical Procedure Codes (SPC)
SPC Exports Imports
0 Exclusion Exclusion
1 Normal Normal
3 for outward processing after outward processing
5 after inward processing, suspension system for inward processing, suspension system
6 after inward processing, drawback system for inward processing, drawback system
7 for economic outward processing for textiles after economic outward processing for textiles
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Nature of TransactionNature of transaction codes are useful mainly for adjusting data for BOP and National Accounts purposes, to exclude certain movements and for data checking (e.g. processing)
Operations following repair and maintenance against payment52
Operations following processing under contract51
Operations with a view to repair and maintenance against payment
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Operations with a view to processing under contract41
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Responsible Bodies in Turkey
Under Secretariat for CustomsUnder Secretariat for Foreign TradeGeneral Secretariats of Exporters UnionTURKSTAT
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Inward ProcessingThe inward processing procedure makes it possible to import goods
temporarily so that they can be processed (assembling, manufacturing, transforming) or repair) and then to export the resulting compensating products, while benefiting from an exemption from import duties or taxes which would be carried out under the trade policy normallyapplicable to imported goods.
The aim of the Inward Processing regime is to enable exporters to supply raw materials, intermediate unfinished goods for the production of their exports without being subject to customs duties, including VAT. The customs duties or other relevant charges are not applied when the goods are exported to a third country.
Goods that are not to be evaluated in accordance with this regime are animals, fishes, goods causing environmental pollution.
Period of Authorization is at most 12 months in respect of sectors. In some exceptional cases, it can be more than 12 months.
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Inward ProcessingInward processing can be classified by
two main types of systems
The Suspension SystemEquivalent goods
The Drawback System
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Procedure ofInward Processing
ForeignGoods
ForeignGoods
ValueAdded
Importsduties
Foreign Country orFree Zone
National Market
TurkeyCustoms Territory
otherstaxes
*
Two options: 1.- duty free in entry (suspension sys.)2.- reimbursement in exit (drawback sys.)
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Inward ProcessingData are available separately on:
Imports for inward processing (suspension system)
Imports for inward processing (drawback system)Exports after inward processing (suspension
system).Exports after inward processing (drawback
system)
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Outward ProcessingOutward processing makes it possible to
export goods temporarily for processing and to import the compensating products with a full or partial exemption from duties and levies.
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Procedure ofOutward Processing
TurkeyCustoms Territory
Goods in freecirculation
Goods ValueAdded
Foreign Country orFree Zone
PartialImportsduties
Partialotherstaxes
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Outward ProcessingData are available separately on:
Exports for outward processingExports for outward processing for textilesImports after outward processingImports after outward processing for textiles
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Share of Customs Procedure Codesin Turkey's Exports - 2006
51%45%
3% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
3151 1000 1040 2100 1042 3153 2151 1072 1073 1091 2123 3141 3152 2153
Customs Procedure Codes
Sha
re (%
)
Share (%)
Share of Customs Procedure Codesin Turkey's Imports - 2006
68%
17%12%
2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
4000 4071 5100 5171 5300 4010 4053 6121 6321 6771 5121 9100 9171 4100 5271 5123 5200 4171
Customs Procedure Codes
Shar
e (%
)
Chart-1
Chart-2
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Trade by SPCs
Value: M$SPC Exports Share% Imports Share% Difference
0 Exluding 1,804 2.1 21,171 13.21 Normal 41,415 47.4 120,594 75.03 Outward PR 563 0.6 183 0.1 3805 Inward PR (Suspension) 43,557 49.9 18,799 11.7 24,7586 Inward PR (DrawBack) 0 0.0 1 0.07 Economic Outward for textiles 0 0.0 0 0
Total 87,339 100.0 160,747 100.0
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Encountered ProblemsStatistical value is not always gross value
Errors in the nature of transaction codes
Goods for processing for BOP definition not recorded separately
How can ownership of the goods be recorded?
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Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Turkish Statistical Institute
External Trade Statistics Team
Thank you for your attention!