presentation martin steiner barcelona version a priori1
TRANSCRIPT
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizada
Els reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS
Martin Steiner
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizadaEls reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
TBU at a glance:
Independent Engineering Consultants focussing on MSW
Conceptual Design (collection & treatment, finance & implementation)
Design & Optimizationof Waste Treatment Plants(mainly MT/MBT systems)
Solid Waste Auditing
Training & Education
Reference projects on MBT: Location of plant Services
Hanover (D) Weak point analysis and optimisation (mechanical pre-treatment)
Cascais (P) Odour assessment, performance enhancement of biologic steps
Sydney (AUS) Due diligence services, test run audit
Istanbul (TR) Solid waste audit (in order to define mechanical pre-treatment), start-up
Milan (I) Odour assessment, process optimisation
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizadaEls reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
TBU is engagedin the MBT sectorsince about 20 years…
with references in Europe and overseaswith both design of newand optimization of existing facilitiesboth very smalland very large…
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizadaEls reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
Presentation outline: *) according to time buidget
Case study Austria
Features of MBT, and their relevancein 'starting' and 'advanced' countries
Features of MBT, and their relevanceaccording to input properties as well as size of catchment area
MBT in Europe, overview on statusand further development to be expected *)
M. Steiner, MBT technologies in "starting" and "advanced" countries: What´s different?
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS” 5
0
500
1972
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
year
1.000 t/a
Other Recycleables
Packagings(Plastics, Metals)
Biowaste
Glass
Paper
Bulky waste
Residual MSW
Waste from households, total
Waste disposedof1974
1982
1976
1980
1978
1990
1988
1986
1984
1992
1998
1996
1994
2000
1.000
kg/inh.a
250
300
400
350
200
Case study Austria
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
Since January 1, 2004 it is forbidden in Austria
to dispose of untreated MSW on any landfill !
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizadaEls reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
Thermal Treatment
Residual Waste
Thermal Treatment (conventional system)
Landfill
Technical Alternatives for Waste Conditioning in Austria
Thermal Treatment (fluidized bed)
Landfill
Biological / Thermal Treatment
Mechanical Treatment
Residual Waste
Biological „Inerting“
Landfill
(+ some utilization for landscaping)
„Splitting“
8
Incineration plants in Austria 2010
7 grid incineration plants
3
with a total capacityof 2,3 mio. tons
3 fluidized bed incineration plants
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MBT in Austria 2010
~ 18 MBT plants in Austria
Capacities ranging from
4.500 to 140.000 t/year
550.001 – 100.000
4> 100.000
420.001 - 50.000
510.000 – 20.000
1< 10.000
amountCapacity [tons per year]
No anaerobic digestion facilities for MSW are in operation, only for separately collec-ted materials (bio- + catering waste)
with a total capacityof close to 1 Mio. tons
MT
MBT
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizadaEls reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
…but what is MBT ?“Soft” Incineration
a variety of techniques & combinations thereof – which in contrary to “classic” WtoE
involves several mechanical process steps (at least grinding and/or screening)reduces organic matter by biologic meansshows an “economy of scale”-factor up to 10 times lower (min. MBT: ~ 10.000 tpy).
Note that purely mechanical systems (MT) are occasionally subsumized with MBT
The thermal option is well known…
Los retos en la gestión de residuos urbanos en una economía globalizadaEls reptes en la gestió de residus urbans en una economia globalitzada
Challenges in waste management in a globalized economy
ORGANIZADO POR: CON LA COLABORACIÓN DE:
MT plant Malacky, Western Slovakia, operated since 2010
Example for a „small“ MT plant (focus on RDF)
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
Features of MBT, and their relevance…
Convenient costboth capex & opex
…in „starting“ countries: …in „advanced“ countries:
Cost difference to conventional WtoEtends to become neglectible
Gradual development of treatmentstandards:Phasing of investments (goes against the fact that donors and development agencies as a rule must distribute their grants or loans over very short periods)
–
±
Flexibility- feedstock- size of catchment area ( capacity)
+ Combination M(B)T (several smallerfacilities) + one central thermal plant
practiced at low level
, both in terms of
Large variety of technologies± Not more than a dozen suppliers of WtoE
technologies on the market worldwide- Opportunity for local suppliers- Obstacle: Tedious decision processes
Carbon sequestration+
to the extent as landfilling of MB treatedfractions is allowed / practiced
Decoupling the functions of waste treatment and energy production +
to be realized only by combining M(B)T with thermal treatment (increasinglyFBT fluidized bed technology)
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
Turning a triangular windrow, source:RRSI Resource Recovery Systems International
Fully encapsulated, anaerobic MBT with RDF production, source: aha Hanover (regional public enterprise for waste disposal services)
Specific investment:< 100 €/t … 400 €/t installed capacity p.a.
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
MBT in ´advanced´ countries:Is the cost difference to W-to-E significant?
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
Aerobic systems: Since about 15 years full modularityis a standard: Start up with a certain size…
...introduction of separate collection (biowaste) requiresfor no additional investment
...capacity increaseaccording to actual demand
„Double duty“ sites
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
Baltic countries:
MBT develops to standardMSW treatment method(at least in Lithuania)
Poland:
long tradition withMSW composting
Today supposed to be thecountry with the highestpotential in terms of imple-menting MBT capacities
Eastern Europe
Czech Republic, Slovakia:
„Waste substitutes coal“
Focus on anaerobicconcepts and CV fraction
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
...to metropoles
„Ex-Maserati“, 2.000 t/day
Unit sizes…range from household level
Flexibilityin respect to feedstock:
MSW biosolidsvarious industrialwaste types
The ´biologic treatmentoption´ generally offersflexibilityin terms of plant size:
M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
Higher failsafety
Higher energyefficiency
Quicker results
…decouplingthe functions of
waste treatment and energy production…
the ´classical´ outline…The crosslinked vs.
Sub catchment area, population x0.000
Entire catchment area, population up to x.000.000
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
What´s really new in thermal waste treatment?
… features comparedto conventional (grate) incineration):
Pre-treatment required
Less airless costless size
Higher qualityof solid residuals
Higher energy efficiency by reduction of chlorine corrosion, thus higher ´steam parameters´
Ideally to be combined withcertain industrial processes
Fluidized Bed Incineration
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
MBT in Europe: Current status
In Europe, the share of MBT systems in waste treatment is (in some countries more, in others less) determined by two factors:
from a retrospective point of view, by the historical development of MSW composting with tradition eg. in Austria, Germany, Italy…
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M. Steiner: “IMPLEMENTATION OF MBT IN LOW DENSITY CONDITIONS”
MBT in Europe: Perspectives
…and by European legislation, which through the “Landfill Directive“ restricts the proportion of the biodegradable fraction of MSW intended to go to landfill.