Differences in Chornobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents

• In the history of nuclear energy two accidents are classified as 7th

the highest level by the scale of nuclear events, which are: accident at the 4 Unit of Chornobyl NPP in 1986 and

• accident at Fukushima-Daiichi in 2011.• Although from the point of view of long-term consequences these

accidents have significant differences.• Firstly. At the 4 Unit of Chornobyl NPP was the explosion of the

reactor, due to which almost all radionuclides worked out in reactor at the explosion were released.

• In case with Fukushima-Daichi there was no reactor explosion. As the result of “melting” of active zone the “flying” radionuclides released into environment.

• Therefore the quantitative and qualitative compound of radionuclide release in case of Fukushima-Daiichi is far “easier” according to the long-term radiological consequences.

• Secondly. As the result of placing of Fukushima-Daiichi at the ocean shore as well as due to meteorological conditions (the wind blew towards ocean) during the first days after the accident significant part of radionuclide release is accumulated in the Pacific ocean which allowed to decrease the contamination of the territory of Japan of continental Asia.

• Thirdly. In case of the accident at Fukushima-Daiichi the reactor vessels and confinement structure are preserved. This will allow to localize the damaged reactors in shorter period and with considerably less expenses.

3

STRUCTURE of MOESTRUCTURE of MOE

of Ukraineof Ukraine

3

BLOCK OF RESPONSEmanagement of civil protection andelimination of the consequences of

emergencies and fires

BLOCK OF RESPONSEmanagement of civil protection andelimination of the consequences of

emergencies and fires

BLOCK of SUPPORTeconomics, finance, personnel,

legal and logistics support

BLOCK of SUPPORTeconomics, finance, personnel,

legal and logistics support

Units of interaction and specialized support of state authoritiesand population

Units of interaction and specialized support of state authoritiesand population

MINISTERMINISTER

MOE TERRTORIALMANAGEMENT BODIES

MOE TERRTORIALMANAGEMENT BODIES

UNITS OF DIRECTSUBORDINATION TO

THE MOEHEADQUARTERS

UNITS OF DIRECTSUBORDINATION TO

THE MOEHEADQUARTERS

EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS

AND SCIENTIFICAND RESEARCH

INSTITUTES

EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS

AND SCIENTIFICAND RESEARCH

INSTITUTES

ENTERPRISES ORGANIZATIONS AND

ESTABLISHMENTS THATARE MANAGED BY MOE

ENTERPRISES ORGANIZATIONS AND

ESTABLISHMENTS THATARE MANAGED BY MOE

HEADQUARTER of MOEHEADQUARTER of MOE

INSPECTIONOF INDUSTRIAL (TECHNOLOGICAL) SAFETY

INSPECTIONOF INDUSTRIAL (TECHNOLOGICAL) SAFETY

STATE AGENCY OF UKRAINE FOR EXCLUSION ZONE MANAGEMENT

STATE AGENCY OF UKRAINE FOR EXCLUSION ZONE MANAGEMENT

STATE EXECUTIVE BODIES (AUTHORITIES)STATE EXECUTIVE BODIES (AUTHORITIES), ,

COORDINATED AND GUIDED BYCOORDINATED AND GUIDED BY

THE MINISTER OF UKRAINE FOR EMERGENCIESTHE MINISTER OF UKRAINE FOR EMERGENCIES

STATE SERVICE FOR MINING OVERSIGHT AND INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

STATE SERVICE FOR MINING OVERSIGHT AND INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

REGIONAL LEVELREGIONAL LEVEL

4

DecreeDecreePRESIDENT OF UKRAINEPRESIDENT OF UKRAINE

№№ 402/2011 402/2011 APRIL APRIL 6 2011 6 2011

““ON MINISTRY OF EMERGENCIES ON MINISTRY OF EMERGENCIES OF UKRAINEOF UKRAINE””

STRUCTURE OF

MOE OF UKRAINE.

MAIN PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONING. JURISDICTION

Ministry of Ukraine for Emergencies is the main body in the system of state main executive bodies responsible for development and implementation of state policy in the sphere of:

civil protection, rescue operations and fire fighting;

state supervision on industrial (technological) and fire safety;

state supervision on industrial and mine enterprises;

radioactive waste management, elimination of the consequences of Chornobyl catastrophe;

prophylaxis of unproductive traumatism;

hydrometeorological activity.

• Centers of social-psychological rehabilitation of population dealt and are dealing with purposeful overcoming of psychological problems of suffering population as well as provision of information to the population on the issues of elimination of the consequences of Chornobyl catastrophe which are located in Borodjanka, Bojarka, Ivankiv, Korosten, Slavutych.