presentation implementing future energy systems
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Parallel Session:Implementing Future Energy Systems
Erik LysenUtrecht Centre for Energy research (UCE)
KEMA Conference: Implementing the Third Industrial RevolutionArnhem, 15 October 2009
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3. C
lea
ne
r Us
e o
f Fo
ssil F
ule
s
1. E
ffic
ien
t E
ne
rgy
Use
2. Renewable Energy resources
ConsumersBuildingsIndustriesTransport
Supply sideDemand side
Wind energySolar energyBio-energyGeothermalHydro powerMarine energy
Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS)HydrogenFuel CellsEnergy
Policy
Integral strategy sustainable energy system: Trias Energica
Lysen, Eurosun Conference, Sept. 1996
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Despite pressures on the energy sector ...
Regulation of
Monopolies
Innovation and
Competitiveness
Low Prices
And Efficiency
Primary Energy
Sources
Reliability and
Quality
Capacity
NaturePreservation
ClimateChange
Kyoto andPost-Kyoto
Inte
rnal
Mar
ket
Security of Supply
Environment
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… one starts implementing the future …• EDF Energies Nouvelles orders NGK battery system
with an output of 150 MW, mainly used in photovoltaic plants (Japan Corporate News, 13 May 2009)
• Declaration by European Electricity Sector CEOs: “Will Achieve a carbon-neutral power supply in Europe by 2050” (Eurelectric,18 March 2008)
• Amsterdam launches ambitious electric cars scheme: city council plans to open 200 electric charging stations by 2012 (NRC, 25 March 2009)
• Green power takes root in Chinese desert. China Guangdong Nuclear Power Comp. winning bidder solar plant with 16 $cents/kWh (NY Times, 7 March 2009)
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… (more examples) …• Vaillant and Honda develop cogeneration system for
single family homes in Europe; in Japan and the U.S. more than 80,000 cogeneration systems have been installed (Press release Honda-Vaillant, 10 March 2009)
• BASF, Linde, RWE pilot CO2 scrubbing plant opens (Carbon Capture Journal, Sept 2009)
• Google contest will award $10 million to develop five innovative ideas that aim to change the world by helping as many people as possible. Google has been sifting through over 100,000 entries (in 25 languages)
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… based on innovative businesses• Cohesion is required for innovation and
implementation
Source: Van Someren. Strategische Innovationen. 2005: Abbildung 9.15: Institutionalisierte Innovation. Gabler Verlag
time
uniqueness
Creative entrepreneur
Business model
Context
People
Technology
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We will discuss three topics today:
1. Distributed Generation (DG)
2. Electrical Mobility (EV)
3. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
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Topic 1 – Distributed Generation (DG)
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Energy demand will grow due to economic developments
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Reduction emissions: need for efficiency and renewables and CCS
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Long term: transition to renewables
Source: Advisory Council to the German Government on Global Climate Change (2003)
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Predicting markets: What will be the main barrier for DG in 2050 ?
Too high cost for DG 16%
Network not ready to work as smart grid
20%
Storage not available 26%
CCS enables fossil fuels to be used
14%
No worldwide CO2 regulation
10%
Revival of nuclear energy 14%
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Topic 2 – Electrical mobility (EV)
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History of Electric Vehicles• First car (1890’s)• Every 20 years revival• 80’s• Current developments
Porsche, 1899
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Electric vehicles: Why?
• Environment:– CO2 emission reduction
– No local emissions
• Flexibility in usage (renewable) fuels• Lower (future) prices• Image
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Breakthrough of EV
• Technology Batteries, charging, infra
• People Acceptance
• Creative Entrepreneurs
• Business Model Challenge
• Context Environment, Government, Public opinion
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
a.Conventional
car
b. Fuel cellcar
c. Hybridelectric car
d. Plug-inhybrid electric
car
e. Electric carwith rangeextender
f. Full electriccar
%
202020302050
Predicting market: what will be the dominant car type in 2020-2030-2050?
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Topic 3 – Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
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Improve efficiency, reduce GHG emissions and have more kWh’s from 1 kg of coal.
CO
2-E
mis
sio
n
average, world
EU 27
PC Technologytoday
700°C-PCTechnology
CO2- Emissionfree Power Plant
2005 2010 2020
Efficiency
CO2 Emissions
Consumption of Coal
30%1.116 g CO2/kWh
480 g Coal/kWh 38%
881 g CO2/kWh379 g Coal/kWh 45%
743 g CO2/kWh320 g Coal/kWh > 50%
669 g CO2/kWh
288 g Coal/kWh
Apply c
o-firin
g with
biom
ass
and C
CS
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CO2 Injection and Storage Activities (IEA GHG)
Nagaoka
Hokkaido
Qinshui Basin
Snohvit
Sleipner
In Salah
Key
ECBM projects
EOR projects
Gas production Fields
Saline aquifier
Sibilla
RECOPOL/MOVECBM
CO2 SINK
K-12B
Frio
West Pearl Queen
Mountaineer
WeyburnAlberta ECBMTeapot Dome
RangelyBurlington
4 CO2-EOR Pilots in Canada
50 Acid Gas injection sites in North America
70 CO2-EOR projects in U.S.A.
Depleted Oil Field
Otway Basin
4 CO2-EOR projects in Brazil.
10 new 1mt CO2
injection projects by 2010 projects in U.S.A.
Kuwait Oil
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The public perception of CCS depends on awareness for climate change.
NL
UK
US
• CCS rated more favorable for deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions than nuclear or intensive energy savings
• CCS generally recognized as a potentially important carbon mitigation option
• CCS considered less favorable, even compared to nuclear, after giving information on the technology
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Predicting markets: What will be the main barrier for CCS in 2050 ?
Cost competitiveness compared to alternatives
18%
CO2 market price not global and not stable
18%
Availability and safety of geological storage
26%
Public acceptance 20%
Regulation and permits 18%
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There is a lot of work to do for us all !
Thank you for your attention.