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Presentation ByPRADEEP KUMAR SHAKYARegional Officer & Superintending EngineerMinistry of Road Transport &

Highways,Gandhinagar,Gujarat

6th Meeting of the Working Group onAsian Highway Network and Joint ESCAP-Korea Expressway Corporation Seminaron Asian Highway Seoul, Republic ofKorea, 3-5 November 2015

• Road Network• Road Development Schemes• New Initiatives taken by the Government• Asian Highway in INDIA • Road Safety Issues

Topics

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Road Network in the Country

India has about 52.32 lakh kilometer’s ofRoad Network, which is the second largestin the world.

National Highway’s : 1,00,087 Km.

State Highway’s : 1,48,256 Km.

Other roads : 49,83,579 Km.

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National Highway Development Programme(NHDP)

• The Government launched National Highway DevelopmentProgramme to upgrade and strengthen National Highways through various phases of NHDP.

• The phase-wise details of NHDP are as follows :-Sl. No. NHDP Component Total Length       

(KM)Estimate Cost( In Million $)

1 NHDP phase I (GQ, port connectivity, others)

7,522 4666

2 NS‐EW Corridors 6,647 5288

3 NHDP phase III 12,109 12416

4 NHDP phase IV 20,000 4281

5 NHDP phase V 6,500 6346

6 NHDP phase VI 1,000 2569

7 NHDP phase VII 700 2569

Total 54,478 38,135 4

Source for funding for NHDP

The NHDP is proposed to be funded fromcess collected from Petrol & Diesel (as perCentral Road Fund Act, 2014), amountcollected from toll apart from ExternalAssistance, Internal & Extra BudgetaryRecourses (IEBR) and private sectorInvestment.

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Improvement of Road Connectivity in Left Wing Extremism (LWE) affected areas

Total length covered in the Scheme :- 5477 Km

National Highway’s :-1126 Km

State Road’s :-4351 Km

Cost :- $1123 million

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Special Accelerated Road Development Programme for North-Eastern region (SARDP-NE)

Phase A Road Length :- 4099 Km

Cost :- $3352 millionPhase B

Road Length :- 3723 Km

Cost :- $10 million

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Arunachal Pradesh Package

Road Length :- 2319 Km

Cost :- $1800 million

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National Highway Inter-connectivity Improvement Programme (NHIIP) under proposed World Bank Loan Assistance About 1,120 km length of NHs are proposed to be

improved to 2-lane NH standards followingcorridor development approach under the WorldBank Loan Assistance in Phase-I. It is envisagedLoan Agreement for Phase-I (1,120 km under firsttranches of Loan Assistance of US$ 500 Million)was signed with World Bank on 1 July, 2014.

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New InitiativesHybrid Annuity Model From last 3 years, the highway sector is going through

a difficult phase. Public Private Partnership (PPP)projects through Build Operate Transfer (BOT) (Toll)mode are not able to attract bids. Reason for poor orno response to the bids for BOT(Toll) road projectswas acute shortage of equity and over leveraged anddeeply stressed balance sheet of the prospectivedevelopers. Private equity fund and other playerswere not willing to fund the equity requirements ofnew or under construction PPP projects.

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Hybrid Annuity Model

For want of suitable empowerment, Authoritywas not able to pro-actively and dynamicallymanage the Concession Agreements even insituations where underlying conditions haveundergone a drastic change. To fill theinfrastructure deficiency in the country, the modeof implementation of highways projects shifted toEngineering Procurement Mode(EPC). On EPCmode, about 7,970 km length has been coveredin one year period.

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Operation, Maintenance and Transfer (OMT) mechanism for NHs: Earlier the maintenance of road stretches

implemented through public funds was beingdone separately through short term Operationand Maintenance Contracts funded frombudgetary resources.

User fee was being collected through differentagencies on annual contract basis.

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Under the new policy, maintenance of all sectionsof Highways are outsourced to a private entity fora definite time period (4 to 9 years) on Operate,Maintenance and Transfer (OMT) basis, whetherpublicly funded or under Public PrivatePartnership (PPP) mode with private funds,whose concession period have expired and whichare not likely to qualify for further lane upgradation.

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Electronic toll collection system : At present there are some problems in collecting tolls. BOT

(Toll), BOT(Annuity) and Public Funded Projects havedifferent Toll collecting agencies, which is an impediment foran uniform acceptable standard of service to thecommuters. There is congestion and crowding of vehiclesat toll booths leading to wastage of time and fuel etc.

In order to remove the bottlenecks and ensure seamlessmovement of traffic and collection of toll as per the notifiedrates, Government had constituted a committee onElectronic Toll Collection technology for use on Nationallevel. This Committee's mandate was to examine alltechnologies available for ETC and recommend the mostsuitable technology for local conditions

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Introduction of 1033 24 X 7 Toll free Helpline for National

Highways Users An initiative of MoRTH and NHAI

Reporting of Accidents Any complaint of overcharging of Toll Blockage of National Highway due to any

reasons Reporting of deficiencies in maintenance

of stretch

Way Side Amenities

India has a network of over 100,087km of NationalHighways connecting all the State Capitals and major citiesin the country. With the rising levels of income, there is anincrease in the sale of passenger vehicles.

National Highways carry about 40% of the road traffic.Though there is improvement in the quality of Highways,the facilities along the Highways are either not available orare inadequate.

Non- availability of proper resting places along NationalHighways leads to fatigue and is also one of the causes ofroad accidents on the National Highways

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Problem and Challenges being faced by the Ministry and action being taken

Some National Highway projects have been delayed mainly dueto land acquisition, utility shifting, non‐availability ofsoil/aggregate, poor performance ofcontractors, environment/forest/wildlife clearances, ROB & RUBissues with Railways, public agitation for additionalfacilities, arbitration/contractual disputes with contractors etc.

In order to ensure timely completion of the projects, regularmeetings are held with project developers, State Governmentsand contractors. Regular review meetings are held in HeadQuarter by Ministry/ NHAI with Regional Officers,concessionaires /contractors to make the construction ofprojects hassle free. 17

To expedite completion of these projects various steps are takenwhich include streamlining of land acquisition & environmentclearances, exit for equity investors, premium re‐scheduling,close coordination with other Ministries, revamping of disputeresolution mechanism, frequent reviews at various levels etc.

A real time on line monitoring system, “e Samiksha” has beenset up by the Cabinet Secretariat for monitoring of follow upaction on the decisions taken during the presentations made bydifferent Ministries/Departments to the Hon’ble Prime Ministerperiodically

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Also, the portal “PRAGATI” (pragati.nic.in), i.e. Pro‐ActiveGovernance and Timely Implementation, has been set up by thePrime Minister’s Office. The portal is aimed at addressing theCommon man’s grievances and monitoring importantprogrammes and projects. The Hon’ble Prime Minister, himself,reviews the progress of important infrastructure projectsperiodically with inputs from the nodal Ministries/Departmentsand State Governments, etc., hosted on the Portal. Both theseportals, also, discuss the Centre‐Sate Coordination issues withinthe platform for facilitating better cohesive approach of resolvingthe outstanding bottlenecks.

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Asian Highway Map

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Neighboring Countries Connected with the Asian Highway’s in index

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Mayanmar

Nepal

Pakistan

Sri Lanka21

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Status of the Asian Highway in INDIAClassification Length

(Km)Primary 90Class I 4737.70

Class II 5984.30Class III 782Below Class I 96.50

Total Length 11690.50

Signage installation work is going on and nearing completion.

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Road Safety Scenario in India Problems &Solutions

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Our Roads, Vehicles, People.

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1325

Global Plan

Road safety  management

Safer roads  andmobility

Safer  vehicles

Safer road  users

Post‐crash  response

ROAD SAFETY

Five Pillars

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Pillar-1 Road Safety ManagementStrengthen institutional capacity to further national road safety efforts.

Pillar-2 SaferRoads &Mobility

Improve the safety of road networks for the benefit of all road users, especially VRUs.

Pillar-3 Safer

VehiclesImprove vehicle safety by encouraging harmonization ofrelevant globalstandards andMechanisms.

Pillar-4 SaferRoad Users

Develop comprehensive programmes to improve road user behaviour

Pillar-5 Post-crash Response

Improve health and othersystems to provide appropriate emergency treatment and longer-term rehabilitation for crash victims.

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Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020: saving millions of lives

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.80

2.00

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

0.8 million lives saved

Projected increase without

action

Projectedreduction if action

taken

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Road Accident Fatality Statistics for India

• World Health Organization– Global Status Report on Road Safety

• India leads the world in Road accident deaths.• China is number 2.• Number of people killed in India = 1,42,485/year.• One fatal accident every 3.7 minutes = 16 people die every hour in

India which equals to 390 deaths happening every day.• One accident every minute.• Causes: Speed, Drunken Driving, Low use of helmets, Seat belts,

child restraints, lack of enforcement, bad roads• Trucks and Two wheelers contribute for 40% of these fatal

accidents.

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Road Accidents : A Snapshot

• Emergence of Road Traffic Injuries (RTI’s) a leading cause of Deaths & Disabilities

• India : 2011

• Accidents 4.97 lakh (annual) (1 every minute)• Deaths 1,42,485

(one death every 3.7 minutes)

• Accidents impose significant costs

• 3% GDP for India (1999-2000)• 1% GNP for low income countries• 1.5 % GNP for middle income countries• 2% GNP for high income countries

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India: Incidence of Road Accidents

• Rise in number of accidents, injuries & deaths per lakh of population

– Reflects rise in motor vehicle population, increase in duration & number of travel trips with rise in income

• Sharp decline in number of accidents, injuries, & deaths per 10,000 vehicles

– Reflects improved crash worthiness vehicles & occupant protection better enforcement

• Rise in number of accidents, injuries & deaths per 10,000 km

– Reflects higher exposure to risk due to heterogeneous nature of traffic, lack of traffic separation etc.

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Road Safety (RS) Coordination: Lack of Institutional Mechanism both at Centre & States

• RS multidimensional and multi-sectoral in nature

• Existence of large number of agencies at the Central and State level makes coordination a challenging task- MORTH administers the MV Act but its enforcement is with

States- Road building/engineering with DG(Roads) and NHAI but

building codes/manual with IRCC- vehicle testing/engineering with M/o Heavy Industry- emergency/trauma care with M/o Health- RS awareness/education with MORTH- weak institutional capacity for RS in MORTH

• NRSC presently serves as a recommendatory policy making body.

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Steps taken by Central Government to improve road safety

• National Road Safety Policy approved.• National Road Safety Council constituted.

– All States/UTs requested to set up State Road Safety Councils and District Road Safety Committees.

• Adoption of a multi pronged strategy to address the issue of road safety based on 4 Es of Road Safety:(i) Education(ii) Enforcement(iii) Engineering (roads as well as vehicles)(iv) Emergency care.

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Strategies needed to improve Road Safety

– Setting up of State Road Safety Councils and District Committees,

– Setting up of Road Safety Fund at State level and setting aside 50 per cent fines collected for traffic violations for this fund,

– Replication of Tamil Nadu model for implementation of Road Accident Data Management System (RADMS),

– Identification of black spots and treatment thereof,– Action against over-loading, action against drunken driving and

removal of liquor shops on NHs,

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Strategies needed to improve Road Safety

• Enforcement of use of seat belt in cars & ISI helmets by 2 wheelers;

• Developing emergency medical services by having a 24X7 call centre with a dedicated common telephone number;

• Road accident crash investigation,• Conspicuity of non-transport vehicles during night time by fixing

reflective tapes,• Compulsory training before issuance of permanent driving license

for commercial vehicle drivers• Improvement of Vahan & Sarathi software to capture legacy data,

traffic violations,detection of fake licences;• Put in place objective & mandatory system of vehicle fitness.

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Identification & Rectification of Black Spots

• Top black spots identified by 16 States:– Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana,

Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal

• Of these States, 13 States account for more than 90% of road accident fatalities.

• Rectification of black spots during 2012-13.

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Enforcement

• Strengthen penalties/fines (amendment in MVA)• Stringent check of overloading

- Empower police to check overloading- Mandatory registration of criminal cases in overloading

• Ensure use of road safety devices (helmets, belts, etc.)• Heavy penalty for drunken driving

-conviction under section 185 of MVA should leadto imprisonment and suspension of driving licences

• Overcrowded passenger vehicles should culminate in cancellation of permits.

• School buses annual fitness checks to be mandatory.

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Emergency Medical Services

• Need for a National Accident Relief Policy to ensure:- prompt relief- free trauma care- training of-police, teachers, paramedics etc

• Unified Free National Medical Distress Call Number

• Monitoring and periodic audit of Accident Relief Services

• Provide crash rescue vehicles.

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Driver Training

• Vital for success of road safety as 78% of road accidents caused by drivers fault

• Present driver training infrastructure inadequate• MORTH provides financial assistance for IDTR

-13 such institutes were set up during 10th Plan and 9 in the 11th

Plan- setting up more IDTR proposed in XII FYP- viable option to set up such institutes under PPPmode

• Make issue of driving licence objective/non discretionary

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Road Design/Vehicle Fitness

• Make road design standards and guidelines consistent with safety requirements & international best practices.

• All State/National Highways to carry pavement markings and road signs as per IRC standards

• Institutionalize courses for RS Auditors- Certification courses for RS Auditors

• Subject entire network of NH/SH to RSA• Accident investigation

- streamline data collection through GPS/computer interface- need for road accident reconstruction/investigation.

• Introduce mandatory Inspection & Certification (I&C) for all categories of vehicles in use in a phased manner

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We frequently blame hardware or the machinewe are driving in, but the fact is that it is thesoftware, the driver’s brain that is the real culpritbehind majority of accidents.

Right Attitude for Road Safety

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Do we learn any lesson from these tragic accidents?PROBABLY NOT!

Whenever we come across a tragic accident on roads while driving,we become scared and drive very carefully. BUT alas, only for a short time!And after some time we start driving with the same speed and style.

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Similarly, we do shiver on seeing someghastly scenes of accidents BUT only for afew minutes and after some time we get onwith our lives thinking it is a part and parcelof life and can’t be helped.

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Our misconceptions : “No one can change our destiny”

Some people believe that no one can change their destiny andeveryone has to die one day and in a manner predestined by God. We also tryto convince ourselves that besides accidents so many other dangers are lurkingin our lives.

It is a lame and irrational excuse to cover up our risk taking behavior.It is up to us to mould our destiny. It is our attitude towards life that largelydetermines our fate.

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At the end, please realize that it is the

attitude which is important to prevent road

accidents and make our roads safe. Let us take a

pledge to make our cities safe and more livable.

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THANK YOU

“ VOLUNTARY DISCIPLINE IS THE FIRST REQUISITE OF CORPORATE FREEDOM” MAHATMA GANDHI –FATHER OF INDIA

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Thank you

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