presentation by caitlin wiesen-antin of undp on “rise of the south: perspectives from asia and the...
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Presentation by Ms. Caitlin Wiesen-Antin, Regional Manager, Asia-Pacific Regional Centre, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)during UN Day 2013 Seminar “Rise of the South: Perspectives from Asia and the Pacific”.TRANSCRIPT
• THE RISE OF THE SOUTH IS RESHAPING THE WORLD
- IS UNPRECEDENTED, TECTONIC SHIFTS HAVE TAKEN PLACE
- GLOBAL REBALANCING - LIVING CONDITIONS, EXPANSION OF HUMAN
CAPABILITIES AND CHOICES HAVE CHANGED FASTER THAN BEFORE
• THE SOUTH IS DRIVING GLOBAL ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SOCIETAL CHANGE
RAPID HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ACROSS THE GLOBE
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.90
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
HDI 1990
HD
I 2
01
2
RwandaUganda
Bangladesh
IndiaGhana
Viet NamIndonesia
ChinaTunisia
Turkey
Brazil
MauritiusMalaysiaMexico
Chile
Especially rapid progress in 40 countries of the South
Korea, Rep.
Thailand
Lao PDR
• In Asia-Pacific rapid human development progress is helping drive a historic shift in global dynamics
Hundreds of millions of people have risen from poverty By 2030, the region will host 2/3 of the worlds middle
class Between 2000 and 2012, South Asia’s annual growth in
HDI value was the highest in the world, while the growth in HDI value was third highest in East Asia and the Pacific
• Countries with different political systems and economic profiles have succeeded
Assertive governments have tapped into global trade and smart home grown social programmes
Negotiating complex choices between collectivism/central management and unfettered liberalisation
PROGRESS IN ASIA-PACIFIC IS SHIFTING GLOBAL DYNAMICS
GLOBAL REBALANCING
A CHANGING WORLD
1820
1835
1850
1865
1880
1895
1910
1925
1940
1955
1970
1985
2000
2040
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Brazil, India, ChinaGermany, France, Italy, UK, US, Canada
% S
hare
of
worl
d o
utp
ut
(PP
P)
• Most of the world’s poor live in the region, especially South Asia.
In South Asia losses due to inequality are highest in education and health.
The sub-region has high levels of gender inequality
• East Asian countries face ageing populations, environmental risks, political pressures and inequality
The sub-region is second highest in the world with respect to overall loss to HDI value due to inequality. Losses due to inequality are highest in the income component.
YET HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEFICITS REMAIN
COST OF INACTION: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ON POVERTY
Natural disasters which are increasing in frequency/intensity also set back economic growth and human capabilities
Why have some countries done better than others?
What can we learn from them?
What are the common drivers?
Nurturing
industrial capacities
DRIVER 1 : PROACTIVE DEVELOPMENTAL STATES
DRIVERS OF SUCCESS
Enhancing public investment in
health and education
Commitment to
long-term human development
Actively
promoting job creation1
43
2
1Investing in
infrastructure to facilitate market access
DRIVER 2:TAPPING GLOBAL MARKETS
DRIVERS
Investment in people to make the best of trade opportunities
23 Expanding into
non-traditional markets and piggybacking on niche products
1 Expanding education access by equalizing funds across regions and municipalities
DRIVER 3: SOCIAL POLICY INNOVATIONS
DRIVERS
Poverty reduction through innovative cash transfer programmes
Health care for all and targeting the poor
2
3
BRAZIL THAILAND
MEXICO
4 Extending development benefits to the broader society key to accelerating progress
INDIA
How can we sustain human development for the
generations to come?
PROMOTING EQUITY, VOICE AND ACCOUNTABILITY
SUSTAINING MOMENTUM
Countries with less inequality do better and improve more in human development
1 2
4
Women’s education is essential to reduce gender inequality
Participation and inclusion essential to stability
and social cohesion
3Educated, interconnected youth demand greater
accountability
1
To reap a demographic dividend and benefit from
youth bulge, job creation should have priority
MANAGING DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE
SUSTAININGMOMENTUM
Education is key to reduce fertility rates
23
Skills formation and productivity gains can help cope with a rapidly aging population
• Governance for a changed world
• Opportunities for new development partnerships
THE RISE OF THE SOUTH
1MORE SPACE FOR NON STATE ACTORSCitizen networks and social media can promote new norms to reinforce accountability of both state and private actors
REDESIGN FOR A NEW ERA
IMPLICATIONS
GLOBAL GOVERNANCEFor fair representation and shared responsibility, 20th century institutions must adapt to 21st century realities
COHERENT PLURALISMRise in regional institutions and finance mechanisms2
3
NEW INSTITUTIONS, NEW MECHANISMS
IMPLICATIONS
$3.36 trillion
$6.84 trillion
• Infrastructure development banks
• New institutions can facilitate regional integration and South-South relationships
• A new South Commission
• Countries in the North continue to play a critical role for advancing the global development agenda
• Global governance institutions need revisiting and a more balanced and equitable representation from countries from the South
• Development challenges call for the establishment of new global gov. institutions and appraisal of existing ones
• It is the interest of the North to ensure an enabling environment for the South to prosper
PRIORITIES FOR A NEW ERAPost 2015 implications