presentación de powerpoint - seguridadaerea.gob.es · january 28-30th 2014 eduardo sanchiz garrote...

Workshop for SpanishCummunity of RPASAESA-MadridJanuary 28-30th 2014

Eduardo SANCHIZ GARROTEDr. Aeronautical EngineerHead of UAS Certification ProgrammeINTA

MINISTERIODE DEFENSASECRETARIA

DE ESTADO

APPLICABLE MILITARY AIRWORTHINESS CODES IN

SPAIN

Military Certification of UAS/RPAS in Spain | Página 2

Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoCONTENS

i - INTRODUCTIONii - STANAG 4671iii - STANAG 4703iv- STANAG 4702v – STANAG 4746vi – CURRENT PROGRAMMEvii - CONCLUSIONS


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoI - INTRODUTION (1)

In the 90´s and within the NATO environment, the countries with long expertise and tradition on activities related to the Airworthiness of manned Aircraft (i.e. USA, UK, FR, GE, etc) were very aware that some kind of Rules have to be established to guaranty the airworthiness of UAS (then called “RPV”) because it have been be envisaged and predicted, even during the previous decade (80´s), that an increasing usage of these systems by their military forced will arise very soon.



In this context, in 2005, finally NATO took the initiative of creating a Group of Authorities, called FINAS (i.e. Flight In Non Segregated Airspace”) with the mission of different Working Groups and and instruct them to elaborate different Airworthiness Codes to completely cover the wide field of application of existing UAS at that time (Fixed and Rotary Wing, Heavy and Light masses, etc)



Once the different WG´s were established and started to work, everybody agreed that the quickest and more efficient way to proceed was using the existing Codes applicable to manned aircraft as starting points and modifying and adapting them in order to consolidated new STANAG Codes for Military Usages of UAS.

Nowadays, there are FOUR different STANAGs are being developed with different degree of maturity each one.



They are,


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoI - INTRODUTION (and 5)

In addition to these Codes, the general Certification Policy is in agreement with the REGLAMENTO DE AERONAVEGABILIDAD DE LA DEFENSA (“RAD” )de 2004 (RD 2218/2004 de 26 de Noviembre, BOE nº 286)which is the legal frame (Airworthiness Regulations) that applies to all aerial platform of the SP-MoD.


Dpto. Aeronaves y Armamento

STANAG 4671

UAV Systems Airworthiness Requirements (USAR) for North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Military UAV Systems

II – STANAG 4671 (1)


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoII - STANAG 4671 (2)

The genesis of this Code was promoted by the NATO-FINAS Group and, since the beginning it was called “USAR” (“UAV Systems Airworthiness Requirements”). The works stated in 2006 chaired by DGA-France.

Obviously, the stating principle was to guaranty the same safety standards as require for Part 23 aircraft and considering the coordination tasks to be done with the different national Airworthiness Authorities the initial discussions were based in the CS-23 “NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC AND COMMUTER CATEGORY”Code and not the equivalent FAR-23.



According to the CS Philosophy, the Code has TWO books:

BOOK 1: containing the Air worthiness Code itself, with the same index (subparts and appendices) as CS-23 but adding TWO new Subparts:

Subpart H: For the Datalink requirementsSubpart I: For the Ground Control Station requirements (UCS)

BOOK 2: containing the Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) for harmonizing criteria.




Even the CS-23 Code is applicable to fixed wing aircraft with a MTOW (Maximum Take-Off Weight”) up to 5670 Kg (12,500 Lbs) WITHOUT specifying a minimum weight; the STANAG 4671 has a lower application limit of 150 Kg (Legal European restriction) while the maximum limit was extended for UAS with a MTOW up to 20 Tons.



Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoII – STANAG 4671 (5)

There are 399 Requirements in comparisson with the 368 of CS-23, therefore, it is little more complicated and with higher workload dealing with STANAG 4671 rather than CS-23

Contenidos



UCS

UAVs

ContainersGDTCatapult

SISTEM “SIVA”



Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoII – STANAG 4671 (and 7)

The Edition 1 was consolidated in August 2009 and it was put in the process of ratification by the NATO Nations.

In Spain it was declared OFFICIALY applicable in July 2011.

There are also TWO editions more in course:Edition 2 , NON ratificableEdition 3 , nowadays being discussed (draft)


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoIII – STANAG 4703 (1)

STANAG 4703



This Code deals not only with the Airworthiness Requirements for light fixed wing UAS (with MTOW ≤150 Kg), but also with Operation and Organization Requirements, for which, Minimum expertise and management capabilities are mandatory.

This expanded content is based on the easy access of many Companies to designing and manufacturing these systems (due to “aparent”simplicity and affordability) which do not capability of DOAs and therefore, are not able to support the system during its full operative life.



Basically:It is relatively simple to design and manufacture a small UAV



But,An OPERATIVE UAS needs an ORGANIZATION

behind (i.e. Means and Personnel) to support the product and guaranty its Airworthiness during the whole life of it.

That is; CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESSactivities, such as,

ISSUING OF SERVICE BULLETINSA/W DIRECTIVES ApplicationMAINTENANCE ManualsRE-DESIGN ; etc



The STANAG 4703; called “ USAR-Light”does not follow the structure of any “CS Code” but is based from scratch on the “ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CIVIL AVIATION AIRWORTHINESS” included in Annex I to the European regulation (EC) nº 216/2008 of the European Parliament and Council of Feb. 20 th 2008



The Code has THREE Parts as follows:

1. System Integrity which contains the A/W technical requirements.

2. System OPERATION Requirements

3. ORGANIZATION Requirements (SMS, etc).



The STANAG 4703 requires compliance with 69 Requirements, in addition to 8 Appendices to complete the Certification. of a new design.

If the applicant wants a Type Certificate for the Design, it must qualify its Organization as DOA and POA (ROD in SPAIN) as well.



The EIGHT Appendices are:

1. Landing Conditions2. Reciprocating Engines 3. Electric Engines4. Propellers5. Hazard Reference System6. Stability Response7. Safety Management Plan 8. UAS with an UAV of lower kinetic energy

than 66 J (49 Lb x ft) Certification Guidelines



APPENDICE 8UAS with an UAV with less than 66 J

Contents:

1. Design Usage Spectrum2. General Requirements3. Structures and Materials4. Propulsion System5. Systems and Equipment6. Continuous Airworthiness

III – STANAG 4703 (9)



Ec = 66 J = cte

MTOW (Kg) Max. Speed (m/s)

0.001 234.47

0.01 74.15

0.1 23,45

1 11,49

5 3,31

50 1,05

100 0.74

The real posibility of this limit leads to a very small UAS.

III – STANAG 4703 (and 10)



RW-UAS

IV – STANAG 4702 (1)



STANAG 4702 (for MTOW > 150 Kg)STANAG 4746 (for MTOW ≤ 150 Kg)




Coherently with it was made for heavy Fixed Wing UAS with the CS-23, as we applied the same principles for heavy RW-UAS, that is, we used CS-27 as main reference for the STANAG 4702.

(i.e. same Code structure, same paragraphs, TWO books, etc. )




Nowadays the workloads required by the STANAG 4702 (i.e. 297 requirements) is higher than that required by CS-VLR (208) and even the CS-27 (252)

IV – STANAG 4702 (and 4)


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoV – STANAG 4746 (1)

Currently, within NATO-FINAS environment we are preparing a new Code for Light Rotary Wing UAS Airworthiness Requirements.

Coherently with Light Fixed Wing UAS we are applying the same principles that the STANAG 4703, that is, the “ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CIVIL AVIATION AIRWORTHINESS” of the European Parliament and Council.


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoV – STANAG 4746 (and 2)

Similarly as the STANAG 4703 it contents 69 Requirements to comply, which have to be demonstrated with 69 MOC´s and 10 Appendices to be checked.


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoVI – SPANISH PROGRAMME (1)

CURRENT UAS CERTIFICATION PROGRAMME AT INTA



32

VI – SPANISH PROGRAMME (2)

IAI/MALAT-INDRA “PASI” (Searcher III)

Ministro ALONSO (19-Feb-2.008)



33


IAI/MALAT-INDRA “PASI” (Searcher III)(HERAT-Afganistán, 17-oct-2010))



34


IAI/MALAT-INDRA “PASI” (Searcher III)(Afghanistan July 2012)



35


ATLANTE(First Flight in ROZAS (Lugo) Feb. 28 2012)



36


INDRA PROGRAMME

MANTIS PELICANO



“ALO”

1 UCS

1 Catapult




“SIVA”


FIRE DETECTIOIN IN FOREST



“SIVA”

Military Operation with Spanish ARMY

> 250 flights




“MILANO”

MALE




“MILANO”

VI – SPANISH PROGRAMME ( and 9)

FIRST PROTOTYPE(in construction)

WING STATIC TEST(according to STANAG 4671 point 641)


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoVII - CONCLUSIONS (1)

In Spain the Certification activities of UAS is ruled by:

Same philosophy as established for Manned Aircraft of RAD (Defense Airworthiness Regulations)

Full agreement with NATO Countries in applying STANAG Codes

For Very Small UAS (Micros) the main concern is more on the Qualification side rather than in Certification.


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoVII - CONCLUSIONS (and 2)

BUT , in any case is fundamental to consider that……


Dpto. Aeronaves y ArmamentoFINAL CONCLUSION

Military UAS MUST be certified, independently of their size and MTOW, according to AVAILABLE “STANAG”CODES !!

Northrop-Grumman X-47B, MTOW = 14,000 Lb

Unviversity of Harvard “ROBOFLY”(2b = 3 cm) MTOW =0.06 grs



¡ THANK FOR YOUR ATENTION !

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presentación de powerpoint - seguridadaerea.gob.es · january 28-30th 2014 eduardo sanchiz garrote...

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