GRAMMAR

SHOULD

We use 'should' for giving advice.

He should see a doctor.

I should do exercise in the school.

We use 'should' to give an opinion or a

recommendation.

She should be very happy.

We should respect each other in Mexico.

STRUCTURE

subject

auxiliary should

main verb base

+ He should work.

- You should not go.

? Should we help?

OUGHT TO

"Ought to" is used to advise or make

recommendations.

"Ought to" also expresses assumption or

expectation as well as strong probability.

You ought to stop smoking. recommendation

Jim ought to get the promotion.

It is expected because he deserves it

"Ought not" (without "to") is used to advise

against doing something, although Americans

prefer the less formal forms "should not" or

"had better not."

This stock ought

to increase in

value. probability Mark ought not drink so

much. advice against

something (notice there is

no "to")

CAUTION

Notice "Ought not"

Remember that "ought to" loses the "to" in the

negative. Instead of "ought not to," we say

"ought not."

"Ought not" is more commonly used in British

English. Americans prefer "should not."

NEEDN’T

Needn’t is the negative form of the verb need.

It is not used very much in American English.

Use it to say a thing is not necessary. If often

means the same as don’t have to.

PRACTICE

GIVING DIRECTIONS

PRACTICE

Ask to a partner the shops that are

near your house

Near the school

Near your work