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Preppers Basic Skills

Scales

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Introduction

When you re in a surviving situation, is important to know what is going on around you sothat you are able to identify the danger. When it comes to natural disasters it s good to

know how bad thing really are.

The next charts are examples of scales used by authorities to classify the natural disasters.

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The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) was devised by Chris Newhall of the US Geological Survey andStephen Self at the University of Hawaii in 1982 to provide a relative measure of the explosiveness of

volcanic eruptions.

IEV 0 : non-explosive eruptions with plumes below 100 m in height ; less than 1000 cubic meters of tephraemission , variable length

IEV 1 : mild eruption plume with between 100-1000 m height ; less than 10,000 cubic meters of tephraemission , bursts up to 1 h

IEV 2 : explosive eruption plume with between 1-5 km height , emission up to 0.01 km of tephra ;duration between 1-6 h

IEV 3 : intense eruption plume with between 3-15 km height ; issue of 0.01-0.1 km of tephra ; durationbetween 1-12 h

IEV 4 : Catastrophic Eruption with plume 10-25 km height ; issue of 0.1-1 km of tephra ; durationbetween 1-12 h

IEV 5 : catastrophic eruption more than 25 km high plume ; issue of 1-10 km of tephra , duration 6-12 h

IEV 6 : colossal eruption more than 25 km high plume ; issue of 10-100 km of tephra ; longer than 12 h

IEV 7 : super- colossal eruption more than 25 km high plume ; issue of 100-1000 km of tephra ; longerthan 12 h

IEV 8 : mega - colossal eruption ; exceeding 1000 km of tephra emission , Yellowstone , USA, for 640,000years .

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