Preparing for a Joint Needs Preparing for a Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) and Assessment (JNA) and

Recovery Framework (RF)Recovery Framework (RF)

Presentation of the UN/WB Presentation of the UN/WB

JNA Preparation MissionJNA Preparation Mission

OUTLINEOUTLINE

1.1. The Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) The Joint Needs Assessment (JNA) ApproachApproach

2.2. Prioritizing needsPrioritizing needs

3.3. Recovery planning and costingRecovery planning and costing

4.4. Developing a results-based recovery Developing a results-based recovery framework and monitoringframework and monitoring

1. The Joint Needs 1. The Joint Needs Assessment ApproachAssessment Approach

The Joint NA ApproachThe Joint NA Approach Jointly: identify, prioritize and finance recovery and Jointly: identify, prioritize and finance recovery and

development needs for countries in transition.development needs for countries in transition.

Focus:Focus: Deepening peace and securityDeepening peace and security Transition from relief to developmentTransition from relief to development Community and institutional capacity buildingCommunity and institutional capacity building Economic stabilization and recoveryEconomic stabilization and recovery

Covering key priority sectors and cross-cutting issuesCovering key priority sectors and cross-cutting issues

StakeholdersStakeholdersParticipatory and consultative:Participatory and consultative:

Somali authorities and peopleSomali authorities and people

Local and international CSOs/NGOsLocal and international CSOs/NGOs

Regional Entities – IGAD, AU, Arab LeagueRegional Entities – IGAD, AU, Arab League

United Nations, World BankUnited Nations, World Bank

DonorsDonors

GuidingGuiding PrinciplesPrinciples

Keep it simpleKeep it simple National ownership and participationNational ownership and participation Broad support from all partners: “One team Broad support from all partners: “One team

approach” – regular consultationsapproach” – regular consultations LegitimacyLegitimacy Credibility: High quality analysis and realistic Credibility: High quality analysis and realistic

expectationsexpectations Prioritize, integrate and sequence: Quick winsPrioritize, integrate and sequence: Quick wins Do no harm: peace-building and reconciliationDo no harm: peace-building and reconciliation

Do No HarmDo No Harm

Adopt a conflict analysis framework: Adopt a conflict analysis framework: consider factors affecting conflict when consider factors affecting conflict when developing recovery strategies, policies and developing recovery strategies, policies and programs:programs: Analyse causes and impact of conflictAnalyse causes and impact of conflict Examine linkages between poverty and conflictExamine linkages between poverty and conflict

In order to deepen peace building and In order to deepen peace building and support reconciliation effortssupport reconciliation efforts

Recent ExperiencesRecent Experiences Recent post-conflict needs assessments in Recent post-conflict needs assessments in

Timor Leste, Afghanistan, Iraq, Liberia, Haiti Timor Leste, Afghanistan, Iraq, Liberia, Haiti and Sudanand Sudan

Similar needs, issues and prioritiesSimilar needs, issues and priorities But each JNA is very different, respecting But each JNA is very different, respecting

contexts, objectives and processescontexts, objectives and processes Importance of substance and process Importance of substance and process

(confidence building, enhanced cooperation)(confidence building, enhanced cooperation)

2.2. Prioritizing Prioritizing NeedsNeeds

National VisionNational Vision Based on a national vision, Somalia in 2010, Based on a national vision, Somalia in 2010,

taking into account:taking into account: ChallengesChallenges OpportunitiesOpportunities

National sources, e.g.:National sources, e.g.: Transitional Federal Charter Transitional Federal Charter Peace processPeace process

International sources, e.g.:International sources, e.g.: International human rights instrumentsInternational human rights instruments Millennium Development GoalsMillennium Development Goals

Millennium Development GoalsMillennium Development Goals

1. Halving extreme poverty and hunger1. Halving extreme poverty and hunger

2. Achieving universal primary education2. Achieving universal primary education

3. Promoting gender equality3. Promoting gender equality

4. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds4. Reducing child mortality by two-thirds

5. Reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters5. Reducing maternal mortality by three-quarters

6. Reversing the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB6. Reversing the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and TB

7. Ensuring environmental sustainability7. Ensuring environmental sustainability

8. Developing a global partnership for development with targets for 8. Developing a global partnership for development with targets for aid, trade and debt reliefaid, trade and debt relief

Selective MDGs in focusSelective MDGs in focus

GOALGOAL TARGETTARGET INDICATORSINDICATORS

Achieve Achieve universal universal primary primary educationeducation

By 2015, children everywhere By 2015, children everywhere are able to complete a full are able to complete a full course of primary schoolingcourse of primary schooling

Gross enrolment in primary Gross enrolment in primary education- boys, girls, totaleducation- boys, girls, totalProportion of pupils starting grade 1 Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5- boys, girls, totalwho reach grade 5- boys, girls, totalLiteracy rates of 15-24 year olds- Literacy rates of 15-24 year olds- men, women, totalmen, women, total

Reduce child Reduce child mortalitymortality

Reduce by two thirds, between Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under -5 1990 and 2015, the under -5 mortality ratemortality rate

Under-5 mortality rateUnder-5 mortality rateInfant mortality rateInfant mortality rateProportion of 1-year olds immunized Proportion of 1-year olds immunized against measlesagainst measles

Ensure Ensure environmentalenvironmental

sustainability sustainability (water focus)(water focus)

Half by 2015, the proportion of Half by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable people without sustainable access to safe drinking wateraccess to safe drinking water

Proportion of population with Proportion of population with sustainable access to improved water sustainable access to improved water sourcesource

Identifying Priority ClustersIdentifying Priority Clusters

Substantive priorities reflecting consensus Substantive priorities reflecting consensus among national parties and other stakeholdersamong national parties and other stakeholders

Priorities: Priorities: StrategicStrategic RealisticRealistic IntegratedIntegrated Nexus between conflict and developmentNexus between conflict and development Focus on recovery Focus on recovery

Cross-cutting IssuesCross-cutting Issues

Affecting all or majority of priority clustersAffecting all or majority of priority clusters

Integrate to ensure that outcomes, programs Integrate to ensure that outcomes, programs and inputs reflect these issuesand inputs reflect these issues Example – Gender in clusters/sub-clusters: Example – Gender in clusters/sub-clusters:

Education: Girls educationEducation: Girls education Health: Reproductive healthHealth: Reproductive health Governance, rule of law: Property and inheritance rights Governance, rule of law: Property and inheritance rights

for womenfor women Livelihoods: Increasing number of women as bread Livelihoods: Increasing number of women as bread

winnerswinners

Steps for Priority ClustersSteps for Priority Clusters Identify sector objectives and prioritiesIdentify sector objectives and priorities

Undertake conflict analysisUndertake conflict analysis

Assess national/local implementation capacities Assess national/local implementation capacities

Develop action programs to achieve objectives Develop action programs to achieve objectives

Mainstream cross-cutting issuesMainstream cross-cutting issues

Prepare a results-based framework Prepare a results-based framework

Cost development assistance needsCost development assistance needs

MethodologyMethodology Review of baseline documentsReview of baseline documents Commission thematic reports and inputsCommission thematic reports and inputs Sector working papersSector working papers Field observations/assessmentsField observations/assessments Focus group consultationsFocus group consultations Thematic workshopsThematic workshops National stakeholder consultationsNational stakeholder consultations Use of national expertise, international Use of national expertise, international

consultants and advisory services from consultants and advisory services from UN system, World Bank, and donorsUN system, World Bank, and donors

3. Recovery Planning 3. Recovery Planning and Costingand Costing

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

For each cluster/sub-cluster (eg. Water): For each cluster/sub-cluster (eg. Water):

Identify time bound output targets;Identify time bound output targets;

Develop action programs to attain these Develop action programs to attain these agreed output targets; andagreed output targets; and

Estimate the financial resources needed to Estimate the financial resources needed to implement the planned action programs.implement the planned action programs.

Outcome Target SettingOutcome Target Setting

For each cluster and sub-cluster:For each cluster and sub-cluster:

Reflect country situation and regional differences Reflect country situation and regional differences

National objectives and MDGs provide longer-term National objectives and MDGs provide longer-term targetstargets

Identify ambitious but realistic outcome targets for two Identify ambitious but realistic outcome targets for two and five year timeframes (e.g. percentage of and five year timeframes (e.g. percentage of household with access to safe drinking water)household with access to safe drinking water)

Deficit

InternationalStandards

RecoveryObjectives

CurrentSituation

Deficit

Sub clusters

InternationalStandards

RecoveryObjectives

CurrentSituation

Deficit analysis - illustrationDeficit analysis - illustration

Action Program Action Program Development and CostingDevelopment and Costing

Identify action programs to achieve agreed Identify action programs to achieve agreed outcomes for each cluster and sub-cluster, outcomes for each cluster and sub-cluster, through a Transitional Results Matrix frameworkthrough a Transitional Results Matrix framework

Assess cost of these action programsAssess cost of these action programs

Over time own resources will increasingly Over time own resources will increasingly replace donor funds as primary source of replace donor funds as primary source of financingfinancing

4. Developing a 4. Developing a Results-based Results-based

Recovery Framework Recovery Framework and Monitoringand Monitoring

Transitional Results MatrixTransitional Results Matrix

Identifies key time bound outcomes and Identifies key time bound outcomes and action programs and places them in a action programs and places them in a simply calendar framesimply calendar frame

Clarifies expectations and forces Clarifies expectations and forces prioritizationprioritization

Highlights sequencing and linkagesHighlights sequencing and linkages Outlines key responsibilities Outlines key responsibilities Provides monitoring mechanism and Provides monitoring mechanism and

hence facilitates corrective actionshence facilitates corrective actions

GuidelinesGuidelines Build upon the best possible baseline dataBuild upon the best possible baseline data Disaggregate as needed to reflect important, e.g. Disaggregate as needed to reflect important, e.g.

regional and gender differencesregional and gender differences Be realistic when selecting benchmarks and Be realistic when selecting benchmarks and

monitorable targetsmonitorable targets Involve all stakeholders fully in selecting Involve all stakeholders fully in selecting

benchmarks and indicatorsbenchmarks and indicators Regularly review and be prepared to revise in Regularly review and be prepared to revise in

response to unforeseen developmentsresponse to unforeseen developments

MethodologyMethodology

Identify major results and outcomes first Identify major results and outcomes first

Work backwards to establish interim targets, Work backwards to establish interim targets, benchmarks and indicatorsbenchmarks and indicators

Include time for consultations, investigation of Include time for consultations, investigation of options, decision-making, capacity building and options, decision-making, capacity building and implementationimplementation

Establish needed information and monitoring systemsEstablish needed information and monitoring systems

Keep it simple! Keep it simple!

Example – Water for Human Example – Water for Human ConsumptionConsumption

OutcomeOutcome

MDG target is to halve the proportion of people without sustainable MDG target is to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 2015access to safe drinking water by 2015

Possible recovery program goal – reduce the proportion of people Possible recovery program goal – reduce the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 20 percent by without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 20 percent by 20102010

OutputsOutputs

Physical: # of water points constructed or rehabilitated providing Physical: # of water points constructed or rehabilitated providing safe and reliable watersafe and reliable water

IndicatorIndicator

Proportion of population with sustainable access to safe drinking Proportion of population with sustainable access to safe drinking waterwater

Target Target outcomeoutcome

Base-Base-lineline

Key ActionsKey Actions

Year 1Year 1 Year 2Year 2 Year 3-5Year 3-5

2015 –2015 –halve halve the proportion the proportion of people of people without without access to access to safe drinking safe drinking waterwater

2010 –2010 – reduce by 20 reduce by 20 % the % the proportion of proportion of people people without without access to access to safe drinking safe drinking waterwater

About About 20% 20% have have assess assess to to reliable reliable and safe and safe drinking drinking water in water in 20052005

- Preliminary - Preliminary assessments assessments completed completed

- Construction - Construction and and rehabilitation rehabilitation of water of water sources sources initiatedinitiated

- X % of water - X % of water points points constructed/ constructed/ rehabilitationrehabilitation

- % of X - % of X technicians and technicians and entrepreneurs entrepreneurs trainedtrained

- Arrange for - Arrange for NGO NGO participation in participation in service deliveryservice delivery

- Targets for - Targets for water points and water points and boreholes metboreholes met

- Ongoing - Ongoing infrastructure infrastructure constructionconstruction

- X % of - X % of technicians and technicians and entrepreneurs entrepreneurs trainedtrained

UsesUses Meetings – government-community, Meetings – government-community,

government-donors etcgovernment-donors etc

Sector coordinationSector coordination

Scheduling actions e.g. contracts for roads, Scheduling actions e.g. contracts for roads, legislation, data collectionlegislation, data collection

Organizing funding, technical assistance and Organizing funding, technical assistance and capacity buildingcapacity building

Managing monitoring Managing monitoring