prepared in the interests the ofbookcollecting at the ...clements.umich.edu/quarto/quarto_1st...
TRANSCRIPT
TheNo. ISl Issued Occasionally for The Clements Library A ssociates
Prepared in the Interests
of Book Collecting at the
Univer sity of Michigan
1Mar. 1948Notice
W itl, th is n umber of T he Quartowe beg to in troduce T he ClementsL ibrar y Associates to one a no ther.(See page 6)
It is the University'S desire th atour riches sha ll be more effectivelyshared with those who are concernedabou t American history and trad ilio n . Therefore, the Regents of th eUniversity of Michigan, at theirmeeting of October 24, 1947. established T he Clements Library Associat es by the following resolution:
The Regen ts hereby esta blish T heClements Library Associat es for the p urposes of in creasing the collec tion s andresources of th e Clements Library andof broadening the scope. serv ices. andusefulness of the Libra ry.
The Associates shall be governed bythe foll owing regulations:
MEMBERSHIP. Membership in TheClemen ts Li bra ry Associates shall beextended to persons who indica te theirinterest in the purposes of tbe organizatio n by ma king such annual contribution as shall be dete rm ined by w e Exec utive Commit tee.
EX ECUTIVE COMMITTEE. The di rection of The Clements Libra ry Assod a tes sha ll be entrusted to an ExecutiveCommittee consisting of the Director ofth e Clements Library. ex officio, or h isde sign ated rCJ?resentative; two mem bersof th e Committee of Management; andthree members of the Associates. Theappointed mem bers of the ExecutiveCommittee sha ll be appo inted by theBoard of Regen ts of the Univers i ty ofMich igan for one year on recommendation of the , Presiden t. The Exec ut iveCommittee sha ll elect a chai rm an fromits membersh ip annuall y.
FUNDS. Funds contributed to theUniversity of Michigan throu gh TheClemen ts Lib rary Associat es for the purposes of the Associates shall , u nl ess otherwise specified by the do nor. he placed ina tru st fu n d to be designated T h e Clemen ts Library Associates T rust Fund . T h eClements Libra ry Associates T ru st Fundshall be expe nd ed at th e direct ion of theExecutive Committee.
The Quarto now becomes the liaison between the Clements Library an d TheClements Li brary Associa tes. It will be sentonly to Associates. Ifyou are not an Associa teand wish to receive TheQuarto, please use theenclosed form.
Nach AnnarbourThomas W. Stree ter , of Morris
town, New Jersey. in compili ng hisTexas bibliography. ran across thisone in his own library: Kar l Neidhard. Amerikanischer Magazin, Altona u. Leipzig, ,835' There is a bitabout T exas in i t, bu t what struckMr Streeter was the 55 pages headed"Reise nach Michigan und Besuchbei der dort kurzlich angelegtenColo nie der Schwabe n, Rheinlanderund Sachsen, im Sommer ,834." T heauthor appa ren tly took the stagecoach " von Detroit nach A nnarbour" to look over the growing settlement of emigre Germans who began coming to our village as earlyas 1820. "By 1855 more than 5.000Swabians ha d settled in and arouudAnn Arbor," says Orlando 'V. Stephenson. our city his torian. \Ve aregrateful to Mr Streeter who gave usth e volume, ' Ve had no previousrecord o f the book. Now will someone please transla te those 55 pagesfor us?
James May's Five DollarsAlthough they are unwilling to
sta te who was the first Universitybenefactor, we like to plague theUniversi ty's h istorian s with a receiptclearly marked " No . i" made out toa well-to-do Detroi t merchan t andsh ip owner. Below is a red uced facsimile of the evid ence .
Ann ua l d ues of T he Associa tesare set a t the same figure contr ibu tedby J ames May. We hope Associateswill remember tha t $5 bought moreturnips (and books) in 1817 thanin 1948.
Courtesy of Associate Ella M. Hymam
The Executive CommitteeT he Regen ts, at their November
meeting, appointed to the ExecutiveCommittee of The Clements Li brary Associa tes, Mr J ohn W . Watlingand Dr Lawrence Reynolds as thetwo members from the Library'sCommittee of Ma nagement and MrsBenjamin S. Warren, Mr Henry L.Newnan, and Mr Renvill e Wheat asthe three members from the membership of The Associates. T he Director of th e Libra ry is a memberex officio. T he Committee electedMr Watli ng chairman and appoi nted Colto n Storm secretary.Correspondence should be addressed to Mr Storm at th e Clemen tsLibrary.
Netherlands CentennialOn November 19. 1947. the h un
dredth anniversa ry of the foundingof the Dutch settlements in westernMichigan was formally observed atthe Library. We set u p an exhibition of the rare books wh ich tell th estory of th e first Dutch set tlemen tsin America, especial ly those on Manhat tan Island and on th e H udsonRiver in th e seventeenth century .An exhibition bulletin describingthis rare source material was published and copi es have been sen teach Clements Li brary Associa te.The bulletin comprises bibliographical and cr itical descr iptions of aselect ion from th e ch ief books inthe Li brary relating to the Dutchin America. For th e occasion, DrMarten ten Hoor, A.B:13, A.M : '4,Ph .D: 21. no w Dean a t th e Univer
sity of Alabama , returned to Michi gan andgave an ad dress appropriate to the occasionto T he Associa tes andother fr iends. His remarks will shortly bepublished in the M ichi-gan H istory Magazine.
The Autograph CollectorThe intelligent autograph collec
tor can be of the greatest assistanceto the historian. We say "intelligent" because we must exclude thosewho collect "clipped autographs,"i.e., cut from a letter or the fly-leafof a book. Dr J. Eo Fields, of Joliet,Illinois, has been making severalcollections, members of the Continental Congress. members of theCongress under the Constitution,signers of the Declaration of Independence, signers of the Constitntion, and the like.
We will not, at this point, try toexplain why Dr Fields is doing that.Perhaps, as a physician, he has oftensaid, and heard other doctors say,"Get a hobby!" But Dr Fields' autogtaph collecting consists of acquiring entire letters ofthe man whoseautograph fits into his scheme. Oneis apt to begin such a collection bygetting what he can, and then, byreplacement, substitution, and trading he refines his collection.
Take George Washington as anexample. The autograph collectorevolves thus: (I) he gets a scrap ofpaper which contains a horse dealer's offer of a stallion for sale. On it,Washington has written: "Lund:See me on Mondayabout this. G.W."That would be a fine beginning because horse breeding was somethingin which Washington was deeplyconcerned. But the autograph collector wants a whole letter. So (2)he acquires a -letter written in thehandwriting of a secretary (Alexander Hamilton, for example) , butsigned by Washington. That iswhat the collector calls a L [etter]S[ignedJ. It is like a modern lettertyped on a machine, and only signedby the "great man."
But the intelligent autograph collector does not stop there. He wantsa letter (3) written entirely in Wash.ington's hand, and also signed byhim. That is what we call an A [utograph] L[etter] S[igned]. Withpatience and zeal, he finally gets aWashington ALS. But he is notentirely satisfied. His ALS is a onepage affair in which Washingtonsays merely that he will attend a
meeting of the vestry of the PohickChurch on Tuesday. The intelligentautograph ' collector still watchesfor a more important letter. Whatis a more important letter? Supposethe collector has a chance to acquirea letter from 'Vashington to MarthaWashington, in which he tells her indetail that Lord Cornwallis has surrendered the British Army to himat Yorktown on October Ig , 1781?Which is the more desirable of thosetwo letters, that relating to the meeting of the vestry of the PohickChurch or that telling of the surrender at Yorktown?
After a collector of autographs hasbeen doing this for some years hehas a body of documentary sourcematerial which, besides being a hobby, is raw material for the historian.Some of the greatest collections ofhistorical manuscripts begin and arebuilt in this-fashion. Among themis the Simon Gratz collection at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.Mr Gratz died twenty-odd years ago.But the game goes on. AnotherPhiladelphian, Frederic R. Kirkland, a banker, is doing the samething today. But to get back to DrFields of Joliet. He has his collectionof the members of Congress from1789 to 1815 in pretty satisfactoryshape. He wants to spend more timeon his other collections. So he hasjust presented his collection of themembers of the early Congresses tothe Clements Library, for its Division of Manuscripts. Thus he hasenriched the University's collection.
Now, we hear someone protest."But this makes it impossible to getall the letters of one man in oneplacer' To this we reply "The schol
_ar who expects to find all his mate-rial in one place isn't a scholar:'The most ambitious publication ofthe works of one American is theJohn C. Fitzpatrick edition of TheWritings of George Washington, in37 volumes. Those texts had to beassembled from all over the world.A member of the staff of the Clements Library was one of the editorialassistants. in Fitzpatrick's greatwork. He found one unpublished,unrecorded and theretofore unknown Washington letter in a richly
bound autograph album lying onthe parlor table of a sporting squire'in Fyfeshire, Scotland - about astone's throw from the "Royal andAncient (golf) Club." He foundanother framed and hanging on thewall of the library in the BohemianClub of San Francisco. But for thesolicitude of the autograph collector it is likely that neither wouldhave survived to be included in Fitzpatrick's work.
Economic History"Why, 1 didn't know yon had any
thing besides the American.Revolution!" We have to grin and bearthat one at least once a day. In asense, the Library's emphasis on theRevolution was a distinct afterthought of Mr Clements. His firstcollecting was of the seventeenthcentury. whence he moved back tothe fifteenth. Then came his friendship with the late Claude H. VanTyne, whose specialty was the Revolution and who was also head ofthe University's history department.Years ago the historian Worthington C. Ford remarked to us, "Someday, when you come to write thehistory of the Library, you will saythat Van Tyne had a profound influence on the paths of collectingMr Clements followed." Our materials in the period of the Revolutionare, in fact, the work of only the lasttwelve years of Mr Clements' longcollecting career. lVe mention thisbecause it seems less well known inMichigan than elsewhere. We welcome our colleagues on the campuswho take the trouble to make clearthese facts, and at the moment thinkof Zenas C. Dickinson. of our department of economics. Recently hebrought to the Library his classin the history of economics, andshowed them our collections of classics in that field, Thomas Mun,England's Treasure by ForraignTrade, London, 1664, Edward Misselden, Circle of Commerce, London.1623. etc. But such a visit as thatof Professor Dickinson and his classalways shows us up-by pointingout something we ought t~ have. Inthis case. we lack the first Americanedition of The Wealth of Nations.
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SImply not m th e runnmg.Just to show that no suchcollection is ever ..complete," we remember thatDr A. S. W. Rosenbach hascontributed to the Proceedingsof the American Antiquarian Societ y, a papershowing that there was atheatrical company in Lima,Peru. in the 1500'S. No oneknows what they played.Moreover , Paul Mcl'harl inhas ascertained that Corteztook a puppet eer with hi mto Me xico in 1519.
A check list of the fiftyplays exhibited has beendistributed to The Associates.
MLA MeetingT wo centuries and a half of Amer
ican Drama-that was an exhib itionth e Li brary prepared for the recentannual mee ting of the Modem Language Associa tion . The Universityhas long h ad noteworth y resourcesin the field of the theatre . But it wasnot unti l 1944 that we turned ourattention to our deficiencies in thefield of earl y and rare Americandra ma . Mrs H erbert C. Ely, of Detroi t, has been largely responsiblefor ena bling us to present for theMLA plays extending from MarcLescarbot, L e T hedtre de Neptuneen la Nouvelle France, published inPari s in 1609 to George Ai tken 'splaying version of Mrs Stowe's UncleT om's Cabin publ ished in NewYork in 1852. The "Theatre ofNeptune" was the first drama written and staged in America north ofth e Rio Grande. II is a masque celebratin g the return of Sieur Poutrincourt's expedition from Cape Cod,and played at "Port R oyal ," nearmodern Annapolis, Nova Scotia.R . W. G. Vail, in Sabin 's Dictionary,has worked ou t the early ed it ions ofUncl e T om's Cabin . I t will probablynever be possible to ascertain howmany times and in how many placesUncl e T om's Cabin was played between 1852 and the present day. Butthere is pl en ry of evidence for suggesting that such favorites as Abie'sIrish R ose and Life with Fath er are
On the back of Bronson's card appears th is:
Miss Alcott 's con temporary, the hi storia n 'Villiam H ickling Prescott,was ei th er less coy. or else decidedthat the following was a more gracious manner of respondi ng to thereq nests of th ose who deman ded hisantograph :
Bu t upon one occasion she musthave relented, for we also h ave thiscard:
Retort and ResponseAn Associate, who wish es to re
main an onym ous, reminds us thatth e autograph seeker did not beginwi th Fran k Sinatra and h is bobbysoxe rs, nor yet wi th Babe Ruth andhis fans. T herefore the foll owingmethods of handling admirers whowant a signature are to be found inour collections. The au thor of LittleWomen had an especially printedcard, thus:
11..fl · vkc;;tt .
.r.:>»: -e~$/.kd-e~
/L ~~~~/?6-ee7UEd/
It was some months after the dramatic "opening" of the RobertTodd Li nco ln Papers at the Li braryof Congress before J ames G . Randallof Illinois said very much aboutth em. H is article in the "Magaz ineSect ion" of The New YOTkTimes, December 14. 1947.is a little masterpiece. Thisselection hau nts us:
What we have in the Lincolnpapers is the essence of historicaldata. It is source material-thestutf out of which history isbuill. It is original, not second-hand or retrospective . .. Work·ing with the papers week afterweek is like going back andliving with -Abraham Lincoln .Handling the letters and envelopes that he handled, one hastile feeling of sitting with theman himself , sharing his irrita·tion at a pet ulant missive, noting how complaint is patientlyborne. hearing now and then aPresidential chuckle or heartylaugh, sensing more of ten theweariness of long-deferred hopeand feel ing a welcome uplift, ifonly for a moment, when theincoming mail is friendly orfavorable.
Economists are won t to suggesttha t the year 1776 is celebrated notso much by th e independence ofthese United States as by the publica tion in that year of Adam Smith 'sWealth of Nations, in London. Welacked the first American edition .Between the time Professor Di ckinson arranged to have his Class visitthe Library and the time we received them, we were able to securea stray third volume of the firstAmerican edition, Philadelphia,1789- No, we don't collect "crippl es," but with this fragment, wealso acquired a story_ The volumebears the eighteenth century signature of George ' Vashingto n_ No, ' tisnot the Ge neral and Presiden t, It isthe signature of that other GeorgeWashington, George S., and th eautograph is genuine. It has misledmany an enth usiast . Mary Benjamin in her book Autograp hs: a Keyto Collecting, New York, 1946,makes clear who he was and wh y hestill bedevils collectors.
What Source Material Is
Adam SmithThe Wealth of Nations
Private and IndividualInitiative
The Clements Library containsmany books which are veritable his torical monuments. We are happyto have on the Executive Committeeof The Associates a member whoalso represents a remarkable American association for the preservationof an American historical monument. She is Mrs Benjamin S. Warren of Grosse Pointe Farms, a viceRegent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. When, half a century after his death, President Washington's home and plantation had tobe sold, Miss Ann Pamela Cunningham, of South Carolina, "learnedthat the property had been offeredin turn to the Governments of theUnited States and the Commonwealth of Virginia, but that purchase had been refused by each:'Miss Cunningham was one of thosepeople who would not take "No"for an answer, and who believed thatthe word "impossible" meant simplythat the job would require a littlemore time. She founded "T heMount Vernon Ladies" Association"which, in 1858, bought Mount Vernon for $200,000. The Associationhas restored the home, plantationand tomb with an antiquarian zealand historical accuracy which makesthem models for all who essay similar tasks. The Association continuesto maintain Mount Vernon admirably, 1£ anyone were so witless as tosuggest that "The Government takeit over," (and there have been suchpeople) the Association might reoply with a negative that would beshorter and swifter than the refusalthey got from the governments nearly a century ago. Today the various"governments" in the United Statesare doing a better job of conservation than they Once did-but still,the intelligence with which MountVernon has been cared for remainsan example for all.
We are proud of the State of Michigan for its attention to the Clements Library. However, the State ofMichigan would not have a Clements Library if left to itself. . TheClements Library, like the Mount
Vernon Ladies Association waslaunched by individual initiative. InAmerica; we still need and cherishand act upon th e good ideas of citizens who understand that the stateexists for them and not they for thesta te. \Ve are very, very grateful tothe State of Michigan for its support. We are also thankful that weha ve The Clements Library Associates which are, like the Mount Vernon Ladies Association. a supporting organization resulting from individuals who take pride in theaims of the Clements Library.
Michigan's CopperLord Inverchapel, his Britannic
Majesty's ambassador to \Vashington inquired whether the Librarywould accept the original copperplates of the Admiralty's charts ofthe Siege of Yorktown. The LordsCommissioners of the Admiraltyhad found the copper plates of J. F.S. Des Barres' A tlantic Neptune,and wanted to give them to appropriate American libraries and historical societies "along the EasternSeaboard from Boston to New Orleans , according to the territoriesthey show." The prize of the lotwas the pair of plates "A Plan ofthe Posts of York and Gloucester in
. Virginia ... London, 1782." Theydepict the final and decisive actionof the American Revolution, thesurrender of Lord Cornwallis atYorktown. Of course we accepted,and on January 24, '948, the British Consul General at Detroit, MrD. F. H. Brickell, was scheduled tocome to Ann Arbor and make thepresentation. Meantime, came rumblings of protest from newspapersin Virginia. Ann Arbor, it was contended, was hardly an "Eastern Seaboard city:' Nevertheless, the Consul General appeared on schedule,made some graceful remarks in thepresence of The Associates andother friends and turned the platesover to the University of Michigan.President Ruthven accepted themwith equally gracious words-and atwinkle in his eye. The ClementsLibrary, he stated, was a peculiarlyappropriate place to deposit theseplates, because in our exhibition
cases for the occasion were no lessthan thirteen of the original manuscript sketches and maps of theaction at Yorktown. They weredone at the time hy the British,American, French, and German engineer-officers present at the siege .As to the copper plates themselves,the President pointed out we wereglad to accept them, since we already bad the "proof copy" drawnfrom these same copper plates andpreviously owned by the Britishcommander - in - chief. Sir HenryClinton. The President expressedgenuine regret that these platescould not be given to the State ofVirginia. bUI explained the following little known fact. The LowerPeninsula of Michigan, indudingthe site of Ann Arbor, was, according to old maps in the Library,once part of Augusta County, Virginia Oohu and Ann Allen, founders of Ann Arbor, came fromStaunton, Virginia). As the resultof negotiations made in 1781-1783,Virginia gave up her claims to her"western lands." This was explained by the American Commissioner at Paris to the British Commissioner, David Hartley. Amongth e Hartley Papers (which the Library acquired in 1933) the newterritories and states projected westof the Appalachians were laid outon a map. (We also have that manuscript map.) So Virginia . lostMichigan by the plans and acts ofthe American Commissioner. (NB:his name was Thomas Jefferson.founder of the University of Virginia.)
AmericanaThe Clements Library collects
Americana. What is Americana?Our founder, William 1.. Clements,tried to answer that question in 1914- "rare, scarce. and uncommonbooks relating to Am erican hi story."But even before he gave his collection to the University of Michigan,he had added manuscripts and mapsto it. At the Clements Library wedefine Americana as a selection ofthe documentary evidences of American history chosen on the basis ofrarity, priority, and importance.
t
A Copy ofA Sentimental Journey
T he eye of the cura tor of Bookshad a twinkle, or was it a glint? Silently he presented a dealer's catalogue offering A Sen timen tal Journey, Philadelphia 177o-by "the nottoo Reverend Laurence Sterne."How to fit this classic of English literature into a library of rare Americana- and how to find the wherewithal with whim to acquire tilebook?
We kn ow tha t among the mostappreciative critics of the hook arethe late Wilbu r Cross (ex-professorof English a t Yale and ex-G overnorof Connecti cu t) and the lat e A. Edward Newton, a Philadelphia manufact urer of electrical apparatus.'Vro te Newton:
Much ink. has been shed in an effortto solve the Mystery 01 Edwin Drood,but I never heard of anyone attemptingto guess how A Sentimental Journeywould have ended . . . As it is. it ends- where it begins-in the middle; indeed in the middle of a paragraph.
Bu t hold it. Mr Newlon! Someonedid write and publish tile ending ofthat story. Instead of tile familiaru..to-volume set of London, 1768,there is a w ee-volume set, whereofthe last volume is tile guessing athow the story worked out. We knewof only one set in Ann Arbor. Wereached for the phone and called DrFrederick A. Coller, professor ofsurgery and chairman of the department of surgery at the University ofMich igan, in whose private libraryis that unusual three-volume set.
But to get back to th at Philadelphia edition of 1770; we wanted itand go t possession of it "on approval." It turned out to be quite rareno t mentioned in Charles Evans'multi-volumed list of books printedin America before ISbO. nor in Governor Cross's bibliography of Laurence Sterne.
Bookpl at es indicated th at it hadbeen in the libraries of two American collec tors, J ohn Gribbel of Philadelphia and Fran k Hogan o f Washington. T hey t at least, esteemed it.I t was published by a Philadelphian ,who, six years later, produced one ofth e gre at books of all time, TomPaine's Com mon Sense. Looking at
a first edi tion of A Sen timental j ourney we found the following amongthe "Subscr ib ers," whose financialsup por t en abled Sterne to publishthe book at all.
"Mr. Baskerville:" the r Sth centuryprin ter, any of whose imprints are"collectors ' Irems'v-and N.B.,he taughtBenjamin Franklin to improve histaste in typography.
"Lord Cornwalli s:" the General. whosesurrender at Yorktown. Virginia . toGeneral George Washington, assuredthe inde pendence of these UnitedStates.
"Mr. Dundas:" he can be no other thanthe Scottish merchant who got therum con tract (or the Brit ish Army inthe French and Indian War. who became Viscount Melville, and thousands of whose manuscripts arc in theClements library.
"Mr. Garrick: " David, the Shakesp eareanactor.
"Mr. Heber:" Richa rd vomnlverous 18thcentury book collector. who said: 'Nogen tlemen can be without -three copIes of a book: one for show. one for hisown use. and one for borrowers.' Manyof Heber's books are now in AnnArbor.
"Colonel Lee:" Ah , hal None other thanth e later Oeueral Charles Lee whomade so much trouble for his commander-In-chiet, General Washingtonin 1776.
"Sir George Macartney:" British envoy toRussia. who wrote 3 comprehensivesuner of that count ry. found in ourManuscripts Division . and presentlybeing edited for publication by ourProf Lobanov-Rostovsky, and Dr Samuel C. McCulloch.
"Hon. Mr. Oglethorpe;" -that is JamesOglethorpe, who fou nded the Stateof Georgia, and whose picture ap'pea red on Georgia paper money andbonds as late as 1865.
"The Duke of Roxburghe:" the sale ofhis Library in 1812 was a land mark inthe history of book colle cting.
"l.ord Shelbu rne:" who had the job ofsalvaging the Brit ish Empire in making the treaty of 1783 with BenjaminFranklin , John Adams and John Jay.Mr Clements bought "Shelburne Papers" in 1923. They are now at AnnArbor.
'''ith such interesting subscribersto the first Engli sh edi tion, is it anywond er that there was within twoyears an American edition of A Sen-~
tim ental JournC)I? The marked rarity of this first American edit ion alsoillustrates what mak es a "rare" bookrare. Probably it was read and readto pieces by til e eage r American buyers at Robert Bell 's book sho p inPhiladelphia-hen ce few copies survive. Does that early Philadelphiaed ition of t770 belong in a Library
- of rare Americana? Dr FrederickColler thought so, and has put thebook on our shelves.
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NSACNSAC stands for Nation al Society
of Autograph Collectors, an organization founded recently "to encourage the meeting of autograph collectors and stimulate and aid themin their various collecting specialties; to facilitate tile exchange of information and knowledge amongcollectors and scholars." The firstannual exh ibition and meeting ofNSAC will be held at this LibraryMay to-t I. Application blanks formembership ma y be secured fromDr Joseph E. Fields, 108 Scott Street,J oliet, Ill. Dr Fields' recent gift ofmanuscripts to .th is Library is descr ibed elsewhere in The Quarto.
Renaissance Ubrarian" He must be no t only learned
but of pleasing personality, accurate, and fluent in speech; and, inaddition to these qualities, he mustbe neat and business-like, keepingan inve n tory of tile books and hav-
. ing them so arranged that th ey ca nbe reached easily and at the sametim e can be kept clean and dry.H e mus t also be a person of di scrimination, for he is to bring ou tthe treasures willingly to exhib it topeople. of authority and to thosewho are truly interested in learning. To them he should explainthe less obvious points about themanuscripts. at the same timewa tching to see that they do notabstract any foli os. If the personmaking the request to see the codices is merely curious and not ofscholarly interests, a cursory glancea t th e manuscript should be enoughto sati sfy him. As regards the lending of books, he must not let anyvolume go out without permissionfrom the duke; and if that has beenassured. he must get a receipt.W hen a number of people are visiting the library at the same time,he must be especia lly vigilant, sothat none of the treasures will bestolen." a. Dennistoun , Dukes ofUrbina, I, 167 quoting Va t. Urb.Mss., no. lli48, f. 58)
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FRANKUN P . ADAMSGEORGE M ATIHEW A DAM S
J A~IES P . ADAMSRI CHARD N. ADAMS
TnOMAS R . ADAMSE LM ERADLEK
F RED M . ALGER, JR.M RS. R USSELL A LGER
H ENRY 1. ARMSTR ONG, JR.EDWIN W . ATWOODCLARENGE W. AVERYEARL D. BABSTMRS. STANDISH B ACKUSG EORGE D . BAILEYM RS. STUART G . BAITSH OW ARD C. B ALDWIN
WILLI AM T . B ARBO URDR. N ORMA N C . B ENDER.M A LCOLM BINGAYDR. A LEXAN DER BLAINROSCOE O . BONISTEE LROBERT P. BRIGGSC LARENCE S . BRIGHAM
H AROLD S. BROWN£M RS. JOliN A . BRYANTLAWRENCE D. B UliLLEAVITT ]. B ULKLEY
J OSEPH A. B URSLEYRALPH]. BURTONL EO M . BUYLEL
H ENRY E. CANDLERRALPH M . CARSON
GEORGE 'V. C ARTERH ERBERT W . C LARK
CARL F. C LARKEM RS. WILUAM L. C LEMENTSW. W ALI.ACE C LEME.'lTSWILLIAM R . C OE
D R. F REDERI CK A. COLLER\ VILLIAM A. COMSl"OCK
ALFRED B. CONNABLE, JR.DAVID S . C OONWILLARD M . C ORNELI USC LARK C . COULTER
VERNER 'V. CRANEWILLIAM W . C RAPOMILO H. CRAWI'ORD
A LL EN CROWWILLIAM B. CUDLJ PS ELDE N B . D AUM E
ALEXANDER DAVIDSON, JR.D R. R USSELL D E J ONGC HARLES F. D ELBRIDGEMRS. WARD A . D ETWILERF RED G . DEWEYSELDEN S. DICKINSON
H AROLD D UCHARM E
R AYMOND K. DYKEMA
H OWARD H . EAVENSON
E DWARD EBERSTAOT & SONS
OTTO E. ECKERT
J OliN W. EDWARDS
M RS. HERBERT C . ELY
H ENRY T . EWALD
CHARLES E . F EINBERG
D EXTER M. FERRY, J R.
DR. JOSEPH E. FIEUlS
THE CLEMENTS LIBRARY ASSOCIATES(as of Februar y 1 2 , 1948)
G EORGE R. FINK BENJAMIN H. L O" Gl\JRS. HARRY S. T HOMAS G. L ONG
FINKENSTAEDT CLIFFORD B. LoNGLEYJAMES C LE MENTS ALBERT E . LOWNES
FINK EN STAEOT G ERA LD McCoyDR. O . O . F ISH ER E DWARD E. l\hcCRONEJAMES FLINN JOliN W . McEAcHRENFLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY ·D R. A RTIIUR B. MCGRAWMRS. EDSEL B. FORD THEODORE MCGRAWHANNAH DUSTIN FRENCH N EI L C . M cMATH
DR. H UGO A . FREUND R OBERT R . McMATHH . H . F RISINGER D UNC'.AN J. McNABBEssON M . G ALE AN URt-:w"L. MALOTTD R. ROBERT W. G ILLMAN GEORGE W . M ASON
L AWRENCE H . G , PSON D R. & MRS. JOHN G .E . M AY GOODRICH MATEERC HARLES E. G OODSPEED FRED C . MATTHAEI
MICHAEL GORMAN J OII" S . M AYFIELDE VERETT D . GRAFF D R. FRANK R . M EN AGHM RS. GRAHAM]. GKAILUI M ARK N . MENNELB EN GRAUER F ATII ER CHARLES METZGER,ALBERT H . GREENLY S .].EDWARD T . G USHEE DONALD C. MILLER
C . HENRY H ABERKORN, JR. MR. & MRS. W,LSON W.RICHARD W . HALE MILLS
ALVIN C. HAMER M RS. F. B. M INER
LATHROP C. HARPER G ILB ERT H. MONTAGUEGALEN C. HARTMAN K ENN ETII L. MOORE
MRS. .J. R . HAYDEN EDGAR M . MORSMAN, JR.CIIRlSTIAN H. HECKER J OSEI'1l J. MORSMANJ . JOSEPH H ERBERT H OWARD S . MOTT
JOSEPH L. HICKEY M RS. J AMES O . M URFI NB ENJ AMIN D . HI'I"Z H. G RAY Muzzy
JAMES S. H OI.DEN D R. R EED M. N ESBIT
W . J. HOLUDAY J OliN S . NEWBERRY, JR.MRS. H . S. H OLMES MRS. J OliN S. NEWBERRY.JOliN H . HOWE LL RA LPII G . NEWMAN
WRIGHT H OW ES H E NRY L. N EWNAN. J. L . H UDSON & C O. WILLI AM NEWNAN
C LAIR B . H UGHES M ARVI N L . NIEH USS
O RMO"D E . H UNT JAM ES R. OFFIEI.DMRS. R oy A RTHUR HUNT M RS. LONGYEAR PALMERB. E. H UTCHI NSON EDWARD F. PARKERMRS. D ONALD HYDE
G EORGE E . PARKER, J R.JAMES HAZEN HYDE D R. GROVER C. PENBERTHYL. B. HYDE IELLA M. HYMANS STUART H. 'ERRY
JAMES I NGLIS CARL H. PFORZHEIMER
W. A. P . J OH N H. LYNN PIERSON
M RS. H ENRY B . J OY JOSEPH W . PLANCKMRS. A LBERT KAli N MILLER H . PONTI US
E R.'iEST KANZLER G . D. P OPE
M R. &: M RS. S mRKEL KAsLE J OlIN H . POWELL
W. K . KELSEY E UGENE B. P OWERD AVID W. K ENDALL B. H . P UTNAM
DR. CHARLES S . KENNEDY D R. L AW RENCE REYNOLDS
1\1. K ERSHNER W ARNER G . RICEW ILLARD E. KING ARMIN RICKEL
STANLEY S. K RESGE D R. H ERMA N H. RIECKERM RS. B ELI.A C. LANDAUER
,. J DR. J AM ES M . ROBBVICTOR H . '--"NE, R. E RWILLIAM G. LERCHEN F RAN K . OBBIN SEDWIN C. LEWIS TIIOMAS B . ROBERTS
CHARLES H. L 'HoMMEDlEU DOUGI.AS ROBYS. R. LIVI NGSTONE W ILI.IAM A. C . ROETIIKE
EDWARD S. R OGERS
A . S . W . R OSENBACH
DR. FRAh'CIS F. R OSENBAUMALEXA"DER G . R UTHVENR OB ERT P . SCHERERM RS. GILM ORE G . SC RANTONSEVE.N GABLES BOOKSH OP
ALFR.ED M, S HEARER
JAMES SHEARER, IIM RS. MARIE L. D . S IIt:ARERR. P. SHORTSKIM S IGLER
C IIARLES A . S INK
MRS. ROSWELL M. S KEELCLARE"CE O . S KINN ERH ENRY S. SL YFI ELDS IDNE Y R. S M ALL
H AL H . S M ITH, J R.M RS. HAL H. S MI THYATES G. S M ITHT HO M AS .M . S PAULDIro'C
PAUL M . SPURLINSTEPHEN T. STACKPO LE
DR. HUGH STALKERT HO MAS I. S TARRL ESLIE I. STEINBACH
HENR Y STEVEN S
THOMAS W . STREETERADAM STROHMARTHUR SWANNDONALD N. SWEENEY
ROBERT H. TANNAHILLWINFIELD W. T HO MASLAWRENCE S. T HOMPSONCLEVELAND THURn ERR OLAND T REE
GEORGE H . T WENEY
CARL VAN D ORE NTHERON V AND USEN\ V ILUAM VAND YKEWILLIAM A . V AWTER, IIWILLIAM A . V AWTER, III
.M ARTIN D. VERDI ER
P AUL W . V OORH EIS
H ERNDON \VAGERS
STUART S. WALL
MRS. B ENJAMIN S. WARREN
HERBERT G. WATKI NS
JAMES K. WATKINS
JOHN W . WATLING
PALMER W .H1..ING
VINCL"~'T \VEADOCK
O SCAR W EBBER
RICHARD H. W EIIBER
J . C LE MENTS \ VHEAT
R "''iVILLE W IIF.AT
LEE A . \ V HITE
J USTIN R . WHlTI"GDR. JOHN \\'. WHOLIHAN
i\IERUN WILEY
R OBERT L . WILLIAMS
ARTHUR W . WI NTER
M RS. FRANCES WOOD
RICHARD S. WORMSER
EDWARD P ULTENEY WRIGHT
FRED M. ZEDER