prepared by: syed wajid b pharm msc pharminstructor for...
TRANSCRIPT
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Prepared by: Syed Wajid B Pharm Msc PharmInstructor for Phcl 328
Drug & Poison Information Specialist
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2 Primary Resource
Introduction
consists of research studies published in biomedical
journal
the most current resource for information.
provides details research methodology and scientific
results that lead to therapeutic conclusions.
to determine whether the study are sound based on
the strength of the research techniques and scientific
results of the study.
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3 Primary Resource
Introduction
The primary literature is growing at an exponential
rate.
Over 20,000 biomedical journals are published
annually.
An abbreviated list of journals useful to the practice
pharmacy is provided below.
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4 Primary Resource
Introduction
Most of these journals publish a combination of
primary research studies and secondary review
articles.
The journals available in a particular practice setting
will depend on the focus of the practice and the
interests of the practitioner .
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5 Primary Resource
Journal Contents
Clinical Trials
Editorials
Letter to the editor
Meta-Analysis (systemic review)
Practice Guideline(s)
Randomized Controlled Trials
Review articles
Comments
Comparative Studies
News
Addresses
Bibliography
Case Reports
Clinical Trial, Phase I, II, III&IV
Controlled Clinical Trial
Corrected and Republished
Article
Evaluation Studies
Government Publications
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6 Primary Resource
The Basic Structure of an article
Abstract/ Summary Overview or summary of the work highlighting of results
General statement of significance
Introduction Background information: history, pathophysiology ,clinical presentation
Review of the work of others
Rationale for present study
Objectives of the study
Methods/materials & methods/patients & methods Study design
Subject selection procedures
Methods of measurement
Description of analytic techniques
Results What happened ?
Graphics-tables , charts, figures –that summarize findings
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7 Primary Resource
The Basic Structure of an article
Discussion/comment/conclusion
Meanings, significance of work
critique of study: discussion of limitations as will as strengths,
further analysis
Comparison with work if others
Disclaimers, equivocation apologies, chest thumping, speculation,
instruction, fantasy, and so on
References/bibliography
Evidence that work of others has been considered
Leads to further exploration of the subject
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8 Primary Resource
Two basic study designs:
1. Descriptive.
2. Explanatory.
Basic Study Designs
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· Evaluate efficacy of
therapeutic, educational
administrative interventions
· Investigator controls allocation
· Seek causes, etiologies,
predictors, better
diagnosis
· Investigator observe
nature
· Document and communicate expereince:
share ideas, programs, treatments, unusual
events, and observations being search for
explanations
OBSERVATIONALEXPERIMENTAL
EXPLANATORYDESCRIPTIVE
· Examine etiology, cause, efficacy, using the
strategy of complications
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10 Primary Resource
Studies that record events, observations, and
activaties.
They provide no detailed explanations or evidence.
They serve as invaluable documentations lead to
exciting discoveries.
Descriptive Studies
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11 Primary Resource
1. Case Reports
2. Case Series
3. Clinical Series (describe outcomes and record for
others experience).
4. Population (prevalence).
5. Program or course.
Types of Descriptive Studies
(alert, complications,…etc).
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12 Primary Resource
They are studies seek for an answer for a question.
Explanatory Studies
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13 Primary Resource
They can be either:
1. Experimental.
2. Observational.
Types of Explanatory Studies
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14 Primary Resource
1. Controlled trials (active intervention from the
researcher).
2. Clinical trials.
3. Health-care trials.
4. Intervention trials.
Types of Experimental Studies
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15 Primary Resource
They are studies utilizing comparisons to examine
and explain medical mysteries.
Observational Studies
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16 Primary Resource
1. Case control design (begin with outcome and
search for factors).
2. Follow-up design (begin with people who have not
experience the outcome yet).
3. Cross-sectional design (mix design).
Types of Observational Studies
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Primary Resource
Controlled Trial:
· Clinical Trial
· Health-care Trial
· Intervention
Follow-up:
· Cohort
· Incidence
· Prospective
· Longitudinal
Case Control:
· Retrospective
· Case-referent
· Case-compare
Cross-sectional
· Prevalence
Retrospective Follow-up:
· Historical prospective
· Retrospective cohort
· Nonconcurrent follow-up
· Case Reports
· Case Series
· Clinical Series
OBSERVATIONALEXPERIMENTAL
EXPLANATORYDESCRIPTIVE
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Experimental or controlled trial
design
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Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
Study
population
Control
experiment/
intervention
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
disease/
Outcome
-
disease/
Outcome
+
Future Present
Begin Allocate Measure outcome/
compare
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20 Primary Resource
Case-Control design
Cases
People with
Disease/outcome
Risk/factor
+
Risk/factor
-
controls
People without
Disease/outcome
Risk/factor
+
Risk/factor
- p F F
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21 Primary Resource
Follow-up study design
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22 Primary Resource
Study Population
disease/ outcome
+ Risk/factor
+
Risk/factor -
disease/ outcome
-
disease/ outcome
+
disease/ outcome
-
Begin Measure/classify
Have outcome already (exclude)
Measure outcome/ compare
p F
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23 Primary Resource
Cross-sectional study design
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24 Primary Resource
Study Population
Risk/factor +
Free of disease/ outcome
Have disease/ outcome
Risk/factor -
Risk/factor +
Risk/factor -
Begin Measure/classify and compare
p F
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25 Primary Resource
Randomization:
It is an and important aspect of study design
It is equivalent to flipping a coin and helps ensure that
treatment group are similar in regard to clinical and
socioeconomic factors that may affect treatment outcome
Diminish bias
Definition
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26 Primary Resource
Single-blind
Either subjects or investigators are unaware of
assignment of subjects to active or control groups.
Double-blind
Both subjects and investigators are unaware of
assignment of subjects to active or control groups.
Types of Blinding
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27 Primary Resource
Meta-Analysis (systemic review)
A statistical technique used to combine the
results from different studies to obtain a
quantitative estimate of the overall effect of a
particular intervention or exposure on a defined
outcome.
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28 Primary Resource
Editorial
an article in a newspaper or other periodical presenting
the opinion of the publisher, editor, or editors.
Definition
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29 Primary Resource
Bibliography
It is a list of resources about a particular topic.
Bibliographies are often found at the ends of
scholarly books and journal articles.
An entire book can be a bibliography, too.
Definition
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30 Primary Resource
Guideline
A statement or other indication of policy or
procedure by which to determine a course of
action: guidelines for the completion of tax returns
Guidance relative to setting standards or
determining a course of action
Definition
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31 Primary Resource
Letter to the Editor
It is statement that represent new results, likely to
stimulate further research and be of interest to the wider
range of knowledge all the results should be sufficiently
new and important to merit rapid publication as a Letter,
which implies accelerated refereeing procedures.
This should be made clear either in the body of the
Letter, if appropriate, or with a supporting cover letter
from the author on submission to the journal.
Definition
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33 Primary Resource
Alternative Medicine Alert
American Health Consultants, Atlanta, GA.
A newsletter dealing with alternative medicines.
Published monthly.
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34 Primary Resource
American Druggist
The Hearst Corporation, New York.
A pharmacy magazine with a community pharmacy
focus that provides information on issues relevant
to this practice setting.
Rarely are primary research articles published in this
journal.
Published monthly.
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35 Primary Resource
American Journal of Cardiology
Exceri-pta Medica, Inc., Riverton, NJ.
A journal dedicated to the specialty of cardiology.
Published weekly.
<<http://www.cardiosource.com>>
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36 Primary Resource
American Journal of Health-
System Pharmacy
Amerijican Society of Health-System Pharmacists,
Bethesda, MD.
A journal focused on clinict1 and managerial aspects
of pharmacy practice in health systems.
Published twice monthly.
<<http://www.ashp.org>>
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37 Primary Resource
American Journal of
Pharmaceutical Education
American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy,
Alexandria, VA.
The official publication of the American Association
of Colleges of Pharmacy that is dedicated to the
documentation and advancement of pharmaceutical
education.
Published quarterly.
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38 Primary Resource
American Journal of Therapeutics
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
A journal that provides clinical and
pharmacoeconomic perspectives on
pharmacotherapeutic advances.
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39 Primary Resource
American’s Pharmacist
National Community Pharmacists Association,
Alexandria, VA.
The official journal of the National Community
Pharmacists Association
Published monthly.
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40 Primary Resource
Annals of Internal Medicine
American College of Physicians, Philadelphia.
A highly regarded medical journal of the American
College of Physicians that focuses on internal
medicine, including pharmacotherapeutic
management of disease states.
Published twice monthly
http://www.acponline.org/journals/annaltoc.htm?wni
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41 Primary Resource
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
Harvey Whitney Books Company, Cincinnati, OH.
A well-respected journal pertaining to safe, effective,
and economical use of pharmacotherapeutic agents.
Published monthly.
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42 Primary Resource
Archives of Internal Medicine
American Medical Association, Chicago.
A journal specializing in the practice of internal
medicine, including diagnosis and treatment of
diseases.
Published monthly.
<<http://www.ama-assn.org/>>
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43 Primary Resource
BioDrugs
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on clinical
immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceutjcals, and gene
therapy
Published monthly.
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44 Primary Resource
Cancer
An Interdisciplinary International Journal of the
American Cancer Society. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
New York
A journal that publishes research and information
from all disciplines of oncology and supports the
mission of the American Cancer Society.
Published 30 times a year.
<<http://www.cancer.org>>
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45 Primary Resource
Chest. The Cardiopulmonary and
Critical Care Journal
The American College of Chest Physicians,
Northbrook, IL.
The official publication of The American College of
Chest Physicians that focuses on pulmonology,
cardiology, critical care, and other related areas.
Published monthly.
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46 Primary Resource
Clinical Drug Investigation
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes primary literature related to
pharmacoeconomic and outcomes research.
Published monthly.
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47 Primary Resource
Clinical Infectious Diseases
The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
The official publication of the Infectious Diseases
Society of America
Published monthly.
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48 Primary Resource
Clinical Pharmacokinetics
Adjs International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that provides review articles relating to the
following areas of clinical pharmacokinetics: pharmacokinetic—pharmacodynamic relationships,
pharmacokinetic properties of drugs
therapeutic drug monitoring
the effect of age and disease states on pharmacokinetics,
pharmacokinetic optimization of drug therapy,
pharmacokinetic principles of drug interactions, bio availability
regulatory aspects of pharmacokinetics.
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49 Primary Resource
Clinical Pharmacokinetics
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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50 Primary Resource
Clinical Pharmacology and
Therapeutics
Mosby, St. Louis, MO.
The official publication of the American Society for
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics and the
American Society for Pharmacology and
Experimental Therapeutics that publishes articles
describing actions of drugs on the human body.
published monthly.
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51 Primary Resource
Clinical Therapeutics
Elsevier Science, New York.
An international journal of drug therapy including
review articles, new drug therapy, clinical studies,
and pharmaceutical economics and health policy.
Published six times per year.
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52 Primary Resource
CNS Drugs
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on
pharmacotherapeutic aspects in the management of
psychiatric and neurological disease.
Published monthly.
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53 Primary Resource
Community Pharmacist
E.L.F. Publications, Inc. Lakewood, CO.
A journal published to meet the professional and
educational needs of today’s practitioner.
Published bimonthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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54 Primary Resource
The Consultant Pharmacist
American Society of Consultant Pharmacists
(ASCP), Alexandria, VA.
The official journal of the ASCP devoted to
pharmacists who provide consultative services in
various environments, including nursing home
facilities.
Published monthly.
<<http://www.ascp.com>>
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55 Primary Resource
Critical Care Medicine
LippincOtt Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
The official journal of the Society of Critical Care
Medicine.
Published monthly.
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56 Primary Resource
Current Therapeutic Research
Elsevier Science, New York.
This journal provides rapid publication of original
reports of recent developments in drug therapy.
Published monthly.
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57 Primary Resource
Disease Management & Health
Outcomes
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on
optimizing clinical outcomes and their economic
consequences.
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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58 Primary Resource
Drug Information Journal
Drug Information Association, Inc., Fort
Washington, PA.
The official publication of the Drug Information Association that focuses on technology related to information dissemination and data processing.
The journal promotes cooperation between academia, pharmaceutical industry, and government.
Published quarterly.
<<http://www.diahome.org>>
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59 Primary Resource
Drugs
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on
pharmacotherapeutic aspects of both new and
established drugs.
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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60 Primary Resource
Drugs and Aging
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on
pharmacotherapeutic aspects as it relates to the
elderly.
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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61 Primary Resource
Drugs in R & D
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on the
therapeutic potential and impact of pharmaceutical
compounds in development.
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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62 Primary Resource
Drug Safety
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that provides review articles related to
epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and
prevention of acute poisonings and adverse drug
reactions.
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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63 Primary Resource
Drug Topics
Medical Economics, Co., Montvale, NJ.
A pharmacy news magazine with a community pharmacy focus useful for keeping up on new drug therapies and issues relevant to community pharmacy practice.
Rarely are primary research articles published in this journal.
Published twice a month.
<<http://www.drugtopics.com>>
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64 Primary Resource
FDA Medical Bulletin
Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD.
A publication of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) that provides information on the safe and effective use of drugs and summarizes FDA rulings concerning drug products.
Published irregularly.
<<http://www.fda.gov>>
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65 Primary Resource
F-D-C Reports (“The Pink Sheet”)
F-D-C Reports, Inc., Chevy Chase, MD.
A newsletter aimed at executives in the
pharmaceutical industry that provides information
pertinent to the pharmaceutical industry such as
FDA rulings, new drug approvals, drug withdrawals,
ongoing clinical trials and financial information.
Published weekly.
<<http://www.fdc reports.com>>
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66 Primary Resource
F-D-C Reports (“The Tan Sheet”)
F-D-C Reports, Inc., Chevy Chase, MD.
A newsletter aimed at executives in the
pharmaceutical industry that provides information
pertinent to the over-the-counter and herbal
products.
Published weekly.
<<http://www.fdcreports.com>>
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67 Primary Resource
Food and Drug Law Journal
The Food and Drug Law Institute, Washington
D.C.
A journal dedicated to legislative, regulatory, legal,
and public policy issues regarding the use of foods,
drugs, biologics, cosmetics, and medical devices.
Published quarterly.
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68 Primary Resource
Formulary
(Formerly known as Hospital Formulary). Advanstar
Communications, Inc., Cleveland, OH.
A journal directed at hospital and managed care
decision makers that focuses on current issues in
pharmacotherapy and drug policy management.
Published monthly.
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69 Primary Resource
HerbalGram
American Botanical Council, Austin, TX.
The official journal of the American Botanical
Council and the Herb Research Foundation, which
is published quarterly.
The mission is to educate the public on the use of
herbs and phytomedicines.
<<http://www.healthy.net/hwlibraryjournals/HerbalGram/index.html>>.
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70 Primary Resource
The Herb and Dietary Supplement
Report
Interpretive Medicine Communications, Newton,
MA.
A newsletter that provides news and commentary
on herbs and supplements.
Published monthly.
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71 Primary Resource
Hospital Pharmacy
Facts and Comparisons, St. Louis, MO.
A journal devoted to the practice of pharmacy in
institutional settings.
Published monthly.
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72 Primary Resource
International Journal of
Pharmaceutical Compounding
IFPC, Edmond, OK.
The official journal of the International Federation
of Pharmaceutical Compounding.
Published bimonthly.
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73 Primary Resource
JAMA.
The Journal of the American Medical Association
American Medical Association, Chicago.
One of the premier medical journals that publishes
investigations and review information of key
importance to health care.
Published weekly.
<<http://jama.ama-assn.org>>
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74 Primary Resource
Journal of the American Medical
Informatics Association (JAMIA)
Hanley & Belfus, Inc., Philadelphia.
The official publication of the American Medical
Informatics Association that covers electronic
management of medical information.
Published every 2 months.
<<http://www.amiaorg/ pubs/jamia/default.html>>
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75 Primary Resource
Journal of the American
Pharmaceutical Association
(Formerly known as American Pharmacy).
American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington,
DC, The official journal of the American
Pharmaceutical Association that publishes news,
information, and research in the areas of
pharmacotherapeutic management of diseases,
trends in pharmacy practice, and the provision of
pharmaceutical care.
Published monthly.
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76 Primary Resource
Journal of Applied Therapeutic
Research
Harwood Academic Publishers, Gardia and Breach
Publishing Group, Newark, NJ
A journal that focuses on the efficacy, safety, and
rational use of drugs following approval by
regulatory authorities for general marketing.
Published monthly.
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77 Primary Resource
Journal of Clinical Oncology
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
The official journal of the American Society of
Clinical Oncology.
Published monthly.
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78 Primary Resource
The Journal of Clinical
Pharmacology
Sage Science Press, Thousand Oaks, CA.
The official journal of the American College of
Clinical Pharmacology.
Published monthly.
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79 Primary Resource
Journal of Herbs, Spices, &
Medicinal Plants
Haworth Food Products Press, Binghamton, NY.
Information on medicinal uses of plants.
Published quarterly.
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80 Primary Resource
Journal of Managed Care
Pharmacy
Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy, Alexandria,
VA.
The official journal of the Academy of Managed
Care Pharmacy.
published bimonthly.
<<http://www.amcp.org>>
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81 Primary Resource
The Journal of the National
Cancer Institute
Oxford University Press, New York.
A journal that publishes news, information, and
research pertaining to cancer treatment, prevention,
and control.
Published twice monthly.
<<http://www.jnci.oupjournals.org>>
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82 Primary Resource
Journal of Parenteral and Enteral
Nutrition
ASPEN, Silver Spring, MD.
The official journal of the American Society for
Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
Published bimonthly.
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83 Primary Resource
The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy
Practice
Pediatric Pharmacy Concepts, Inc., St. Petersburg,
FL.
The official bimonthly journal of the Pediatric
Pharmacy Advocacy Group, Inc.
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84 Primary Resource
Journal of Pharmaceutical Care in
Pain & Symptom Control
Pharmaceutical Products Press, The Haworth Press,
Inc., Binghamton, NY.
This journal is an interdisciplinary publication
focusing on rational drug therapy in the
management of pain and related symptoms.
Published quarterly.
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85 Primary Resource
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and American
Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, D.C.
A journal that focuses on the application of physical
and analytical chemistry to the pharmaceutical
sciences and technologies.
Published monthly. <<http://www. interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0022-3549/>>.
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86 Primary Resource
Journal of Pharmacy Practice
Technomic Publishing Company, Inc. Lancaster,
PA.
A journal dedicated to providing practicing
pharmacists with topical, important, and useful
information to support pharmacy practice and
pharmaceutical care, and to expand the pharmacist’s
professional horizons.
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87 Primary Resource
Journal of Pharmacy Teaching
Pharmaceutical Products Press, Binghamton, NY.
A journal dedicated to issues relevant to
pharmaceutical education.
Published quarterly.
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88 Primary Resource
The Journal of Pharmacy
Technology
Harvey Whitney Books Company, Cincinnati, OH.
A journal that accepts publications related to
pharmacy practice and pharmacy technology.
Published bimonthly.
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89 Primary Resource
Journal of Social and
Administrative Pharmacy
Swedish Pharmaceutical Press, Stockholm, Sweden.
A publication focusing on issues of importance to
pharmacy practice in all settings.
Published quarterly.
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90 Primary Resource
The Medical Letter on Drugs and
Therapeutics
The Medical Letter, Inc., New Rochelle, NY.
A newsletter that provides review information on
new drug therapies and lists drugs of choice for
various disease states.
Published biweekly.
available as part of STAT!-Ref CD-ROM.
<<http://www.medletter.com>>
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91 Primary Resource
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
A publication of the Centers for Disease Control
(CDC) that provides statistics and recommendations
for treatment of infectious diseases.
<<http://www2.cdc.gov/mmwr>>
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92 Primary Resource
The New England Journal of
Medicine
Massachusetts Medical Society, Boston.
One of the premier medical journals that publishes
original investigations and review information
considered of significant importance to physicians
and other health care professionals.
Published weekly.
<<http://www.nejm.org>>
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93 Primary Resource
Paediatric Drugs
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes review articles on the
evaluation of drug therapy and disease management
in children.
Published quarterly
Internet access available for a fee.
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94 Primary Resource
Pediatrics
American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village,
IL.
Official publication of the American Academy of
Pediatrics. Published monthly.
<<http://www.pediatrics.org>>
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95 Primary Resource
Pharmacist’s Letter
Pharmacist’s Letter, Stockton, CA.
A newsletter that briefly covers a number of new
therapeutic issues that may be of interest to
pharmacists.
Published monthly.
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96 Primary Resource
PharmacoEconomics
Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand.
A publication focused on economic aspects of
rational drug therapy and drug development.
Internet access available for a fee.
Published monthly.
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97 Primary Resource
Pharmacotherapy. The Journal of Human
Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
Pharmacotherapy Publications, Inc., Boston.
A publication of the American College of Clinical
Pharmacy focused on pharmacotherapeutic aspects
of disease state management including
pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, drug interactions,
clinical trials, and pharmacology.
Published every 2 months.
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98 Primary Resource
Pharmacy Practice Management
Quarterly
(Formerly called Topics in Hospital Pharmacy
Management).
Aspen Publishers, Frederick, MD.
A journal focused on management issues pertinent
to pharmacy departments in hospitals.
Published quarterly.
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99 Primary Resource
Pharmacy Times
Romaine Pierson Publishers, Inc., Jamesburg, NJ.
A pharmacy magazine with a community practice focus that provides information on new drug therapies, patient counseling and management, and issues relevant to pharmacy practice.
Original investigations are not commonly published in this journal
Published monthly.
<<http://www.pharmacytimes.com>>
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100 Primary Resource
Psychopharmacology Bulletin
Division of Clinical and Treatment Research,
National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD.
A journal dedicated to dissemination of research and
information related to pharmacotherapy of mental
illnesses.
Published quarterly.
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101 Primary Resource
The Scientific Review of
Alternative Medicine
Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY.
A journal dedicated to the scientific review of
alternative medical practices
Published biannually.
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102 Primary Resource
Scrip. World Pharmaceutical News
PJB Publications, Ltd., Richmond, Surrey, England.
A newsletter that provides updates on worldwide
news regarding the pharmaceutical industry.
Published twice weekly.
<<http://www.pjbpubs.co.uk/scrip/>>
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103 Primary Resource
Sports Medicine
Adis International, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.
A journal that publishes practical reviews of
exercise science and sports medicine.
Published monthly.
Internet access available for a fee.
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104 Primary Resource
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Journal
Devoted to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and
Clinical Drug Toxicology Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins, Philadelphia.
An official journal of the International Association
of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical
Toxicology.
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105 Primary Resource
U.S. Pharmacist
Jobson Publishing L.L.C., New York.
A pharmacy magazine focused on the practice of
community pharmacy and issues pertinent to this
setting.
Original investigations are not commonly published
in this journal.
Published monthly.
<<http://www.uspharrnacist corn>>
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