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Copyright 2006 Prentice Hall Prentice Hall PoliticalScienceInteract ive Magleby et al. Government by the People Chapter 12 The Presidency: The Leadership Branch

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Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive. Magleby et al. Government by the People Chapter 12 The Presidency: The Leadership Branch. Structure and Powers of the Presidency: Separate Powers. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

Copyright 2006 Prentice Hall

Prentice HallPoliticalScienceInteractive

Magleby et al.Government by the People

Chapter 12The Presidency:

The Leadership Branch

Page 2: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Structure and Powers of the Presidency: Separate Powers

The United States is one of the few

world powers that is neither a

parliamentary democracy nor a wholly executive-

dominated government

Page 3: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Structure and Powers of the Presidency: Defining the

Presidency

At the constitutional convention, the

Framers debated whether the

president should be elected via a direct

election or through an electoral college

Page 4: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Mexican President

One of the most powerful executives in the democratic world

Vincente Fox: election in 2000 was first break from PRI party in 71 years

Page 5: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Presidential Ticket Originally, the vice-president was the runner-up in the electoral college vote

The 12th Amendment (1804) encouraged two candidates to run together as a presidential ticket

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President as Commander-in-Chief

President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, but Congress is charged with declaring wars

“Presidential prerogative” versus War Powers Act

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Presidential Powers: Diplomat-in-Chief

Appointing ambassadors

Receiving ambassadors

Treaties

Executive Agreements

Fast-track trade authority

Meeting with foreign leaders to forge ties and make formal alliances

Foreign policy tools:

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Presidential Powers: Administrator in Chief

Appoints leaders of important agencies

Issues executive orders

• Proclamations• National security

directives• Presidential decision

directives

Page 9: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Presidential SuccessionWhat are the ways that a

president can leave the office?

Impeachment, reelection defeat, retirement, death

Twenty-second AmendmentTwenty-fifth Amendment

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The War Power

In 1973, Congress enacted the War Powers act in order to limit the ability of the president to commit the armed forces of the United States

Page 11: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Executive PrivilegeIn an attempt to hide

his role in the Watergate scandal, President Richard

Nixon unsuccessfully tried to invoke

executive privilege to prevent the release of tapes of his meetings

to Congress Boxes of newly released files from Richard M. Nixon's presidential

papers

Page 12: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The First PresidencyPrecedents set by Washington

Presidential title

Two term limit

White House staff

Department secretaries

President as sole authority in supervising executive branch

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The First Modern Presidency

New Deal program ideas came from his “Brain Trust”

Policy Achievements: FDIC, SEC, Wagner Act, Social Security, minimum wages, maximum working hours, mortgage protections

FDR inspects some Civilian Conservation Corps camps in the Shenandoah Valley

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Page 14: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The White House StaffThree models for running the

White House staff

Competitive

Hierarchical Collegial

Page 15: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Executive Office of the President

Page 16: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Cabinet

Advisory council for the president, consisting of the heads of the executive departments, the

vice president, and a few other officials selected by the president

Departments of Defense, Justice, State, and Treasury

The Inner Cabinet

The Cabinet

Page 17: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Vice Presidency

Benjamin Franklin: Vice President should be addressed as, “your Superfluous Excellency”

Beginning in the 1950s, the role of Vice President became more important

Page 18: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The First LadyDuring much of the nation’s history, first ladies were limited to behind-the-scenes activities

This changed with Eleanor Roosevelt and again with Hillary Clinton

Eleanor Roosevelt

Page 19: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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People & Politics: Condoleezza Rice

Born in segregated Birmingham, Alabama in 1954

In 1999 became foreign policy advisor to George W. Bush during election campaign

In 2005 named Secretary of State

Page 20: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Presidents as Crisis Managers and Morale Builders

The President performs important ceremonial functions, in both good times and times of crisis

Page 21: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Presidents as Agenda Setters

National Security Policy Economic Policy

Domestic Policy

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Presidents as Persuaders

Instead of persuading lawmakers face-to-face, presidents can use their “bully pulpit”

to sway public opinion

Page 23: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Constitutional Framework

The Constitution ensures that the President and Congress have

Competing constituencies

Competing calendars

Competing campaigns

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Influencing Congress

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Page 26: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Chief Executive: The BudgetDecember

The president and the OMB director prepare The Budget of the United

States GovernmentEach budget is named for the fiscal year in which it ends

Late January

President presents Congress with the Budget for the fiscal year beginning

October 1st

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Page 28: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The Chief Executive: The Budget

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Page 30: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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The President as Chief Legislator and Lobbyist

Presidential legislative authority:

1. Veto power2. Recommend

measures3. State of the Union

Page 31: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Page 32: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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Figure #12-2

Page 33: Prentice Hall PoliticalScience Interactive

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