prenatal classes

ISO 9001:2008 CERTFIED

Dept of OBGYN...SATNAM HOSPITAL

Saurashtra’s BEST Hospital For Mother –Child –and Women Care At RAJKOT

Welcomes YOU………………………………………

Akshar Marg Opp: Swaminarayan Temple Kalawad Road RAJKOT Phone Lines – 2450685-86-87-88


The Team- Paediatrics and Gynecs


Staff- The force behind


Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology

SATNAM HOSPITAL RAJKOT

Dr.Sudhir Shah Dr.Beena Trivedi

GOD could not be everywhere and therefore He made mothers

No other relation in this world is as beautiful, pure & selfless as that between a mother and her child


Pregnancy is not a disease.

Pregnancy is a period of celebration when every family member have to be prepare to welcome the new guest in their family.

Positive attitude plays the lead role in that period.

There are some common complains arise during pregnancy, but instead of taking it as a stressfull situation, every women has to enjoy that situation, it leads to minimum complains & complications afterwards.

Early Signs and Symptoms

Amenorrhoea : that is delayed menstruation cycle.

Nausea and Vomiting Lower Abdominal Pain


CONFIRMATION

Urine Pregnancy Test Per Vaginal Examination Ultra Sonography


Doctor visits

Once every month upto 6 months of pregnancy.

Once every 15 days in the 7th & 8th month.

Once every week in the 9th month.


In this presentatation

Symptoms: most common in 1st, 2nd & 3rd trimester of pregnancy.

Food & Diet Selfcare Medical care Exercise


1st TRIMESTER


Morning Sickness

Common in first 3 month

Have freq small meals

Take medicines as advised

Toast, biscuits to decrease nausea

Avoid oily food Drink plenty liquids


Dizziness

Stand up slowly or you may feel giddyTurn to a side

Sit


Cravings

Normal Do not eat unhealthy

food Do not eat road-side

food Eat frequent small

meals


Mood swings

Decrease stress Talk to friends &

relatives Explain your mood

changes to your spouse

Read good books Listen to music Avoid horror movies,

depressing T.V. progs Dept of OBGYN...SATNAM HOSPITAL

Other Common symptoms in 1st trimester Increased frequency of urination. Excessive nausea & vomiting i.e. called

Hyperemesis gravidum- it requires doctor consultation- due to excessive fluid loss from the body, patient may require iv fluid administration to prevent dehydration & generalised weakness.

Spotting p/v: if increase in quantity, patient have to consult the doctor.

To avoid these situation, avoid stress, transportation, sex & weight lifting.

Rest is the most important in this trimester.

Common instruction:

1st trimester is the period when fetal oraganogenesis develop, it means all organs formation occur in this period like liver, kidney, brain etc.

Avoid extra drug administration of your own for minor complains like headache, bodyache, acidity etc. because those medicines may leads to malformation or defects in organ development.

Take medicines which are only advised by your doctors.

Doctors may prescribe supportive medicines like folic acid, hormonal treatment like Progesterone etc.

Take these medicines regulalry without fail, it will be more important for this period.

Chances of abortion in 1st trimester is about >10% so enough care to be taken.

2ND TRIMESTER


Common symptoms in 2nd trimester

Breast discomfort Backache Fetal movements starts Bleeding p/v

Breast discomfort

Tender & sensitive Aerola darker Increased breast size Check for inverted nipple Wear comfortable & supportive bra


Backache - postures


Fetal organo-development occurs in this period, it means development of all organs occurs in this period.

Fetal movement starts in 5th month. Average 15-16 movements/day should be occur. Kicking, jerky movements will be feel by patients. Blood investigations, ultrasonography etc are

very important in this period according to doctor advise.

This trimester is more safer than both 1st & 3rd trimester.

In 1st & 3rd trimester bleeding p/v is more common, so weight lifting & sexual intercourse should be avoid.

Sexual intercourse is more safer in this trimester. Only one has to take precaution that lateral position is preferrable.

Alarming signs to visit the consultant

Edema Decrease fetal movement. Excessive vomiting/ Anorexia Giddiness, dizziness. Bleeding p/v or leaking p/v. Decrease urine output

In all these situation, immediately consult the doctor.

3RD TRIMESTER


Leg cramps

Occur suddenly Mostly in last months Massage area Point foot & toes towards face Increase calcium in diet, e.g. milk, milk

products Exercise regularly


Itching & Stretch marks

Heaviness, pressure or itching sensation on tummy

Coconut oil, Vit E oil or stretch creams

Stretch marks fade into fine silvery medals of motherhood

Also on breasts, bottoms, thighs


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Constipation

Common in pregnancyAvoid straining or sitting long time on a toilet.

Drink plenty water

Avoid fatty foodsEat grain, fruits, vegetablesDept of OBGYN...SATNAM HOSPITAL


Sleeplessness at night

Decrease stress Avoid tea/coffee/aerated

drinks in evening Have a cup of warm milk

before sleeping Have a warm bath before

sleeping Do not sleep in afternoon



Common instruction

Avoid watching horror movies, violent movies etc.

Avoid to read filmy magazines like filmfare, stardust etc.

Avoid excessive use of mobiles. Start watching nice family movies, read good

books & magazines like chitralekha, abhiyan, religious books etc., keep in touch with good people, try to remain happy all the time.

These all effects more to your baby.


FOOD & DIET


Balanced diet

• You are the only source of food for your baby

• Diet should include

• Iron

• Calcium

• Proteins

• Vitamins


Proteins

Pulses, dal

Groundnut, channa, (chikki)

Milk, cheese, dahi, paneer

Dry fruitsDept of OBGYN...SATNAM HOSPITAL

Protein

Green leafy vegetables

Pulses esp. Ragi (nachni)


Iron

Green leafy vegetable-chutney, soup, sabzi

Raisins

Jaggery - chikki Pulses

Cereals

Mix different cereal & pulses e.g. idli, dosa

Rotis-add soya/nachani flour to wheat flour

Dalia

Make parathas by mixing different flour like besan, wheat or jowar e.g. mooli, gobi


Fruits & Vegetables

Rich in vitamins, fibre & minerals

2-4 servings daily 3-5 servings dailyDept of OBGYN...SATNAM HOSPITAL


Calcium

3 glasses of milk a day in any form

Cheese Curds

Paneer

Milkshakes Buttermilk/lassi

Rasgulla


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Fats

Oil, ghee & sweets in small quantity Fats help in absorption of Vit. A, D, E, K. 1 tablespoon of ghee = 15gms = 135

calories Visible fat intake should be increased

during pregnancy and lactation to 30 gm & 45gm resp.



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Sweets Sweets in small quantity Avoid sugar, use jaggery instead

Avoid tea/coffee, cakes,

chocolates, mithai

Have raisins, chickoo, honey, datesDept of OBGYN...SATNAM HOSPITAL


Water & Salt

Take 8 -10 glasses of water atleast

Reduce salt intake - salt leads to high blood

pressure, swollen hands & feet

Eat at regular intervals

Do not fast or feast



FAST FOOD ITEMS TO AVOID


Tips - Diet

Use jaggery instead of sugar

Steaming is best method of cooking

Frying, reheating cause loss of nutrients

Do not use sugar substitutes



Tips - Diet

Avoid excess of oil/ghee in cooking

Avoid excess of chilly & salt

Avoid maida & sugar base products e.g. cakes, bread, jam, jalebis

Have a balanced diet

Have frequent small meals



SELF CARE


Avoid

High heels

Soft drinks

Lifting heavy weights


Smoky atmosphere

Cleanliness

Trim nails regularly as they grow faster Bathe regularly - prevents infection Keep vaginal area clean Brush regularly after meals



Cleanliness

Breast care - wear well fitting bra Wear low heeled shoes Do not wear tight clothes Wear clothes according to the climatic

conditions



When should you gain weight ?

1st trimester :1kg 2nd trimester :5kg 3rd trimester :5kg Total :11kg minimum



Work & Pregnancy

Age (older mothers may have more problems) General health (anaemia, DM, high BP) Pregnancy progress (weight of the baby,

complications) Prior pregnancy problems (bleeding, preterm,

IUGR)



Work & Pregnancy

Type of work you do (sedentary, tours, sleep)

Hours of work (regular, irregular) Work risk factors (travel, food habits,

stress, chemical)



Pregnancy & work

Morning sickness Don’t skip meals Drink lots of water Moderate exercise Posture at work

• Plan timely departure

• Avoid taking stress• Maternity Leave• Getting enough sleep



Sex in pregnancy

Depending on your health, speak to your doctor

Growing abdomen, increase breast sensitivity – change position

Avoid sex if you have Unexplained bleeding History of miscarriage or preterm

labour Pregnant with twins or triplets Placenta previa

Sexual intercourse or breast stimulation can start labour



Travel in pregnancy

Avoid long journeys Avoid crowded transport

Safe in 4-6 months only



Travel- after doctors advice


MEDICAL CARE


Medications

Folic acid in 1-3 months Iron & calcium supplement - from fourth

month onwards Injection tetanus toxoid Anti D in Rh negative mother



Blood Tests

Hemoglobin Blood group Infection – STDs, TORCH, HIV, Hepatitis

B Diabetes Fetal abnormalities

Urine Test - infection



Sonography

Age of fetus Abnormalities Placenta site Due date Weight of fetus Sex determination

is illegal



Immunization

Inj. T.T. 2 doses After 5th month 4 weeks apart



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Development of foetus


Early Pregnancy


Development of Foetus


24 weeks



Stages of labour

Types of delivery

Normal delivery Forceps delivery Vaccum delivery Lscs



Labour pains

False Labour True Labour

Timing of Contractions

Irregular, no increase in frequency

Regular, 4-6 min apart, increase in frequency

Strength of Contractions

Weak; not stronger with time

Stronger with time, feels vaginal pressure

Pain with Contractions

Felt in the front only Starts in the back & moves to the front

Position Change & Hydration

Contractions stop/slow if you walk/lie down/ change position/ increase fluid intake

Contractions continue inspite of position changes/ increase fluid intake



So….When to get admitted at Hospital

Regular Pain, Starts in the back & moves to the front / 4-6 min apart, increase in frequency/presence of Show

Try to establish Rapo with doctor & hospital staff during 9 month consultation, so that you don’t get any nervousness or hesitation during delivery in unknown atmosphere.

Visit the labor room prior to hospitalization, if possible & be familiar with nursing staff also.


Proper time of admission

When patient starts backache & show. While going to hospital, avoid heavy diet, take

liquid & soft diet more. During the last 15 days of pregnancy keep a

plastic bag ready with all files-medical papers and medicines ready-so that it can be taken to the hospital if when labor pains starts….

One male family member should accompany with patient, so he will be ready to take medicines from pharmacy or any other requirements during delivery.


When get admission, give proper details of patient like name of patient, husband’s name, surname & exact address of residence.

So, that registration of birth will be proper. Collect birth certificate within one month of

delivery.



Normal Delivery

Medical emergency

Pain may occur regularly at repeated intervals

Leaking of watery fluids from vagina, even if there is no pain

Swelling of feet & hands Bleeding from vagina Decreased/Loss of fetal movement


Thank You Very Much

Creation and Presentation

Dr.Sudhir Shah Dr.Beena Trivedi Dr.Arti Gangdev Mrs.Shweta Antani


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