preludes by ian beardsley

8/6/2019 Preludes by Ian Beardsley

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PreludesBy Ian BeardsleyCopyright 2008-2011 by IanBeardsley


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Document Written on Earth by Unknown - Chapter 1: The Search For The Tarot

In an effort to generate 4 from the golden ratio and 9/5 inconnection with the earth and the 22-card cycle of the tarot

we begin by finding the equation whose solution is thegolden ratio. The golden ratio, or phi, as it is called, is theratio such that the whole to the greater part is the same asthe greater part to the lesser. That is a/b must be the sameas b/c if a=b+c. Thus we have the two equations:

1. a/b=b/c2. a=b+c

From 1 we have: ac=b^2From 2 we have: c=a-b

These two yield: a(a-b)=b^2

Which can be written: (a^2)-ab=b^2

Or,( a^2)-ab-b^2=0

If we divide the last through by b^2, we get:((a/b)^2)-(a/b)-1=0This last is a quadratic in a/b. a/b is the golden ratio and canbe found by completing the square. Letting a/b=x, ourequation becomes:

3. ( x^2)-x-1=0

We will not solve equation 3 for the golden ratio but willproceed to consider 9/5.The sequence has been presented:

5,14,23,32,41,50,59


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Where we begin with five and add nine to each successiveterm. It has been noted that the sum of the digits of eachterm is five. Thus this sequence embodies the principle of(9/5) a ratio I have found to exist throughout nature from

atoms of gold and silver, to the moon and the sun, to water,and air, to the human body temperature and freezingtemperature of water, to the very structure of the solarsystem itself. The above sequence is an arithmeticsequence, the nth term of which is predicted by:

4. a_n=5+9(n-1)5. a_n=9n-4 (equivalently)

Since the earth is the third planet, then n=3 yields:

9(3)-4=27-4=23

As it so happens, 23 is the 9th prime number, and represents the

earth. We write, from 5:

6. 23=9x-47. 27=9x8. 9x-27=0

We equate equation 8 with equation 3:

9x-27=(x^2)-x-1

To find the intersection of 9/5 and the golden ratio at earth

orbit, and get:

9. ( x^2)-10x+26=0

Equation 9 can be solved with the quadratic equation andhas the solutions, (5+i),(5-i).


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These are two complex numbers with real parts 5 and 5, andimaginary parts sqrt(-1) and -sqrt(-1). They are vectorswhose sum is:

(5,1)+(5,-1)=(10,0)

And whose points are separated by:

|(5+i)-(5-i)|=2i

With a modulus of sqrt(5^2+1^2)=sqrt(26)

This generates the triangle with height 5 and base 2i orcomplex number 5+2i.

The Mandelbrot set is the iteration of a function of complexnumbers that generates the fractal given by:

F(z)=(z^2)+c

If the seed is zero and c is our 5+2i

Then F(0)=((0)^2)+5+2i=5+2i

And F(5+2i)=(5+2i)(5+2i)+5+2i=

26+22i

We have generated our 22 cards of the tarot, and our four in

that 26-22=4, from 9/5 and the golden ratio.


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Furthermore 22=> 2+2=4 and 26=>6-2=4

We have generated four, three times as well, and 3 timesfour is twelve. Also, 22+26=48 and 48/4=12. 12 is the

smallest abundant number.

Four will always represent for me, the fourth planet mars, theone in our solar system that can be terraformed to supporthuman life.

Humans have always liked to quarter things: four directions,north, south, east, and west. Or the Cartesian co-ordinate

system in mathematics, used to locate a point with twoperpendicularly intersecting axes making four quadrants. It iseasy to learn, and effective as it is based on the squarebecause it a regular tessellator. (Tessellate means can tile asurface without leaving gaps, regular that all sides andangles in the shape are congruent.) Likewise nature likes toquarter things. The Earth is rotated to the plane of its orbit by23.5 degrees. This means on summer solstice, the Sun isdirectly over-head at noon, the earth receiving the full

potency of the Suns rays, at this latitude. This is La PazBaja California, Mazatlan Mexico, and Gujarat India. Whatnature is doing here, is that which Man likes, and uses, anddoes so because it is practical. 22.5 degrees is the quarter ofa way around a half semi-circle, there is only a one-degreediscrepancy.


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To find when and where the Earth passes through the

intersection of 9/5 and golden ratio, which we have shown

are (5+i) and (5-i), we use:

a = arctan (y/x) when x>0

a =arctan y/x + pi when x


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Taking winter solstice (December 22) to be our zero point

the earth passes through (5+i) on January 2, and (5-i) on

December 10.

Note: Since 5+i and 5-i have real and imaginary

components, the imaginary component refers to an element

at this location in a parallel universe, or tachyon universe as

it is called, where mass is negative and travels backwards in

time. We as of yet do not know how to penetrate such a

plane. Also, keep in mind there is no such thing as absolute

space, so 5+i and 5-i are in a frame of reference where the

sun is taken as not moving (i.e. the earth is moving with the

sun around the galaxy, the galaxy through the universe, and

the universe in the multiverse, as so on, the list goes without

end. Motion can only be taken as relative (Einstein, special

relativity).

In Orbit Around Earth, Visitors From Another Planet Speak

Alien one: The vector (10,0) or the 10 fingered nothing. In an

otherwise infinite universe, only with our 10 fingers do we haveany hope of surviving. What are the elements of this vector? They

are

5+ i and 5 i

There are five fingers on each hand, and, i is 1, the

imaginary number. In other words, life is not the least bit

real, it is a dream.

Alien two: Their planet orbits a star they call the sun, whose

radius is 6.9599E10 cm, and orbiting them is a moon at

3.84E10 cm. That is a ratio of 9 to 5, the same as the ratio of

gold to silver in molar mass.


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Alien one: Gold is the most conductive metal at extreme

temperatures, silver, is the most conductive at comfortable

life sustaining temperatures.

Alien two: Their moon perfectly eclipses The Sun, as seen

from their planet. 9 to 5 also happens to be the comparison

of the orbit of their ringed planet to the orbit of their largest

planet. They call them Saturn and Jupiter respectively.

Alien one: The planet that can be colonized to sustain life is

the fourth planet out from the Sun. They call it Mars.

Alien two: Aha! The intersection of the golden ratio and

nine-fifths at earth orbit becomes important, because of their

Tarot and the fractal they call The Mandelbrot Set.

Alien one: Tarot, sir?

Alien two: Their system of divination with numbered cards,

bearing images from aspects of their world.

Alien one: The complex number 26+22i can also be

important because there are 26 letters in the English

alphabet and there are 22 letters in the Hebrew alphabet.


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Chapter 2: Prelude

In Turin Italy, the countrys respected astronomical intuitive is

brought before the countrys top scientists.

Scientist one: Salvoretti, we feel the Earth is a valuable planet, as

it is brimming with life, and water. How does your intuition

explain that advanced civilizations from other planets, other star

systems, in our galaxy have not attempted to take the Earth with

their superior technology, which they no doubt have?

Salvoretti: It is my feeling that the various worlds throughout the

galaxy are of varying political ideologies. The interest of oneworld might be more aligned with the nature of Spain, another

world might be aligned with our country, Italy. Each world keeps

the other world from taking Earth, because they all want to form a

relationship with the country on earth that is like their world, after

earth enters space, and joins the galactic federation.

Scientist two: But what keeps them from fighting among one

another, and joining alliance with the country on earth they mostrelate to, now?

Salvoretti: It is my belief that just as The Virgin Mary holds

together Europe, and The Virgin Maria of Guadalupe holds

together the states of Mexico, their galactic mother holds together

the space faring worlds of the Galaxy. My intuition tells me she is

called Diana.


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Chapter 3: Prelude

It came to pass that Salvoretti met an American woman in Turin, a historian from UC

Santa Cruz, Anne Dyson. It wasnt long before they got married. She became a citizen of

Italy, and after they moved to The United States, he became a resident, still retaining his

Italian Citizenship.They moved to Los Angeles, to be close to the INS, Immigration and Naturalization

Services. It was there they waited in lines, two city blocks long, before opening time,

arriving as early as four in the morning to get such a place in line. It took about six hours

of waiting before their number was called to have an interview where they had to showthat their motive of getting married was out of a desire to be together, that it was not for

the purpose of making Salvoretti a resident of the United States. They would have to

remain together several years before he could even take the test to become a citizen.

After getting his residency, they moved to Phoenix, Arizona. It was there thatSalvoretti wanted to go because it had the most credible UFO sighting, and he wanted to

make contact with extraterrestrials. It was on the night of March 13, 1997 when

thousands of Arizonans in Phoenix were out to see a comet, but instead saw a massivetriangular formation of lights, looking like amber orbs. Among the people who saw it,was a medical doctor, who actually photographed it, and was well trained in the scientific

method, and very capable of analytic thinking. That is why she felt it an insult to her

intelligence when the military tried to explain away the event saying they were dropping

military flares that night in a training exercise. She reasoned these lights held a constanttriangular formation as they moved, and flares would drift with the wind, flares being

dropped and attached to parachutes. She said as much publicly.

Salvoretti changed his name to Leonard Taylor, now that he was living in the states,because he always admired Leonardo Da Vinci, and Ted Taylor, the dreamer physicist

who tried to get funding for a starship he would personally go to the stars in. So, his wife

took the name Anne Taylor Dyson. It was the physicist Freeman Dyson, who wasTaylors colleague and partner in the project to make a starship. So, he thought thenaming of himself clever, given his wifes name.

Anne was understanding of Leonards desire to make contact, and accepted his pursuit

of that dream. Leonard, on the other hand, was aware that Anne had probably been taken

in with a secret society in Italy, known as the Priory of Sion, and was accepting of that.They believed the Romans demonized women by saying Mary Magdalene was a whore,

when in reality she was the embodiment of the sacredness of women and the wife of

Jesus, who was actually a Pagan leader. They believe Jesus and Magdalena to have had

children, descendants of which exist today.Alien one and Alien two were aware that Leonard was in Phoenix and planned to

make contact with him. There are many places in the Universe, even in the Galaxy,millions of years older than the earth-sun system. Look at what humanity did in the last

five hundred years technologically, imagine what life millions of years older than uscould do. That is why it was no problem for Alien one and Alien two, to cloak in earth

orbit, and teleport down to its surface in humanoid form.


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Chapter 4: Prelude

Alien one: As you know, every planet has something the rest of the

planets dont have, and is what the earth has that we all want, and

could use greatly, in space travel and everyday space activities, istheir tobacco, what they call cigarettes.

Alien two: Yes, and this would involve working with the United

States and Italy, because they will undoubtedly work with one

another in the tobacco industry. It would seem cheap Italian

tobacco is preferred by Americans, and cheap American tobacco is

preferred by Italy. That tobacco, which is cheap in America, is

expensive in Italy, and that which is cheap in Italy is expensive inAmerica.

Alien one: It is in this area where smugglers from planets become

part of the space community, they are a shifty lot, but more than

once they have been petitioned for the their cunning and ingenuity

to solve our way out of some dangerous predicaments when they

came our way.


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Chapter 5: A Look In Salvorettis Journal

Entry: Topic: Blue Stars

We will find the energy required to move the earth of mass m, from the surface of the sununder its gravity, to its current orbit of one astronomical unit, the sun of mass M.

The energy given to move something against gravity is given by the Work, W:

Work = W = F ds

F is Force. In the case of the sun and earth, we use Newtons Universal Law of Gravity:

F =GMm

r2

We integrate from R to r (from the radius of the sun to the orbit of earth):

W = F dr = GMm

r

G is the universal constant of gravity.

G = 6.672E-08 in dyn-centimeter squared-per second squared

And, M = 1.989E33 gramsAnd m = 5.976E27 grams

And R =6.9599E10 centimeters

And r = 1.495979E13 centimeters

Evaluating the integral for work, W:

GMm = (6.672E 08)(1.989E33)(5.976E27)

Which is equal to 7.93E53

(7.93E53)/(6.9599E10) = 1.14E43 ergs

(7.93E53)/(1.495979E13) = 5.30E40 ergs

1.14E43 5.30E40 = 1.13E43 ergs

1 erg = 1E-07 joules

The final answer is 1.13E36 Joules of energy to move earth from the sun to its orbit.


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We now calculate how many times brighter the sun has to be to equal the annual output

of energy (luminosity) of what we just calculated, the energy to move the earth from thesurface of the sun to its current orbit.

Seconds in a year:

(365 days)(24 hours)(60 minutes)(60 seconds) = 3.15E7

Solar luminosity is: 3.826E26 J/s

(3.826E26 J/s)(3.15E7 s) = 1.21E34 J/yr

(1.2E34)x = 1.13E36 J

And, x = 94.2

The sun must be 94.2 times as luminous for its annual output in energy to equal theenergy required to move the earth from its surface to its current orbit.

We calculated that an object has to be about 94 times as luminous as the sun to have an

annual output in energy over a year, that equals the energy required to move the earth

from the surface of the sun to its orbit, and there are 92 naturally occurring elements as ofyet, a number close to the factor of 94.

Let us round that luminosity to 94 solar luminosities, and calculate the absolutemagnitude of such an object.

2.512x

= 94

x log 2.512 = log 94

0.4x = 1.973

x = 4.93

The sun has an absolute magnitude of 4.83 which is about five. The absolute magnitude

of our object is 4.93 steps in magnitude brighter than the sun, which is about five

magnitudes brighter than the sun. Five steps brighter is five minus five, which gives ourobject an absolute magnitude of zero. Thus the system of the ancients has a zero

magnitude related so elegantly to the number of the naturally occurring elements and theenergy required to move the earth from the sun to earth orbit.

A zero absolute magnitude object is a star of spectral class B on the main sequence. That

is its color is blue.


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The habitable zone of a planet is the orbital distance from a star that allows water to exist

as a liquid. Since our zero magnitude star is about 94 times more luminous than the sun,as I have calculated it, the habitable zone for a planet around this zero magnitude star is

further from it than the earth is from the sun. Luminosity, or the amount of light given off

by a star decreases as the square of the distance from the star (see the inverse square law).

Since this magnitude zero star is about 94 times brighter than the sun, and there is someplay in the habitable zone, we can, for ease of calculation, and elegance, say our star is

100 times more luminous than the sun. Since ten squared is 100 the habitable zone

around our blue, spectral class B, zero magnitude star is 10 astronomical units from it.

This puts the orbit of a planet around the star at the same distance Saturn is from the sun.

The stars on the main sequence form an S shaped curve where luminosity increases with

mass. The sun is exactly in the middle of this curve, an average, yellow star of spectral

class G. The relationship from a sample of many stars shows that mass, M is related toluminosity, L as follows:

L = M

3.5

We can find the mass of our zero magnitude star with this:

100 = M3.5

log 100 = 3.5 log M

(2)/(3.5) = log M

0.57 = log M

M=10

0.57

=3.7

Our zero magnitude, blue, spectral class B star is 3.7 solar masses.

The mass of the sun in grams is:

1.989E33 g

This means our zero magnitude blue, spectral class B star has a mass of:

(1.989E33 g)(3.7 solar masses) = 7.36E33 grams


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We can use Keplers third law of planetary motion for circular orbits to calculate the

year of a planet in circular orbit around our zero magnitude, spectral class B, bluestar. It is:

T= 2r3

GM

Where T is the orbital period, or year of the planet in question, and r is its orbital

distance from the star, G is the universal constant of gravitation, and M is the mass of

the star the body is orbiting.

2 = 2(3.141) = 6.282

r = 10 astronomical units

1 astronomical unit is 1.5E13 cm

(1.5E13 cm)(10 astronomical units) = (1.5E14 cm)

r3= 3.375E42

G=6.672E-8 (dyn cm squared)/(g squared)

r3

GM=

3.375E42

(6.672E8)(7.36E33)= 6.87E15

6.87E15) = 8.3E7 seconds

(8.3E7 seconds)(6.282) = 5.2E8 seconds

(5.2E8 seconds)/(60 seconds) = 8.67E6 minutes

(8.67E6 minutes)/(60 minutes) = 1.445E5 hours

(1.445E5 hours)/(24 hours) = 6.025E3 days

(6.02E3E3 days)/(365.25 days) = 16.48 earth years

The orbit of the planet around our zero magnitude, spectral class B, blue star is 16.48earth years. The closest orbital period to this in our solar system is that of Jupiter at 11.86

years. That of Saturn is 29.5 earth years.


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Stars are approximate blackbody radiators, where a blackbody is that which absorbs all

incoming radiation, and emits the maximum amount of radiation for its temperature. Weask, according the laws of blackbodies, given the luminosity of an absolute magnitude

zero star, and its surface temperature, what is its radius.

The color index of a star (B-V) 100 times more luminous than the sun is on an H-Rdiagram, -0.12, which corresponds to many absolute zero magnitude zero stars, andsurface temperature of 13,000 degrees Kelvin. Temperature of a star is related to its

power radiated per unit surface by the Stefan-Boltzmann law:

R

Rs

=

Ts

T

2

L

Ls

1

2

Where R is the radius of the star, R subscript S is the radius of the sun, T subscript S is

the temperature of the sun in degrees Kelvin, T is the temperature of star in degrees

Kelvin, L is the luminosity of the star, and L subscript S is the luminosity of the sun.

We have:

(5800/13,000)2(2.512

4.83)

1

2=

(0.199)(9.2) = 1.8 solar radii

We have used the temperature of the sun 5800 degrees Kelvin and 4.83 0 = 4.83 where

4.83 is the absolute magnitude of the sun.

Our absolute magnitude zero main sequence star is 1.8 times larger than the sun.

We have said that a star on the main sequence of 100 solar luminosities is close to anabsolute magnitude zero star. Just how close is it? We use:

E1/E2 = 2.512^-(0-4.83) = 2.512^4.83

Where E1 is the luminosity of the star, and E2 is the luminosity of the sun, 4.83 is the

absolute magnitude of the sun. This gives:

E1 = 85.525E2

Or in other words, an absolute magnitude zero star is 85.525 solar luminosities. This is

very close to our 100 solar luminosities considering a star can be more than a millionsolar luminosities


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I believe zero magnitude stars on the main sequence are important, if not off the main

sequence, in that they are connected to our star, the sun, through the number of naturally

occurring elements, the earth orbital period, and the amount of energy it would take to

move the earth from the sun to its orbit. Such stars, or plus or minus one magnitude of

brightness, are of spectral class A to spectral class B. They are important because the sun

is important, as it is a star in which a life bearing planet, the earth, has formed.

I believe Saturn is important, because it is at an orbital distance from the sun that is in my

projected habitable zone for a zero magnitude star, on the main sequence. Because ofthis, I feel it is no coincidence that Saturn has rings. What we have here, in this work, is a

clue to the secret of origins, in particular to the structure that allows for life.

The absolute magnitude of a star is its luminosity at a set distance from the observer,which has been set at 10 parsecs. One parsec is 3.26 light years, where a light year is the

distance light travels in one year, or in the time it takes the earth to make one revolutionaround the sun, in other words. A parsec is also the parallax of a star measured by

displacing oneself by an astronomical unit, where an astronomical unit is the averagedistance of the earth from the sun, in its nearly circular orbit. This corresponds to a

parallax angle of one arc second.

My belief is if you want to get at what nature is, dont worry about

being right on in many aspects of work, because in art a circle

unclosed is a circle closed by the concept in art they call closure, a

nature of the way the human eye works with the mind. Is what we

are seeing here is the rough sketch of nature, the idea.


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Chapter 6: Prelude

Alien one and Alien two were from Regulus, alpha Leo, the

brightest star in that constellation on a planet that orbited the star at

about 10 astronomical units, or 10 earth-sun distances, somewherearound where the distance Saturn is from the Sun. This is where

their habitable zone was, further from their star than the Earth is

from the Sun because their star was hotter than the sun.

Though they were as far from Regulus as Saturn is from the Sun,

they were only the fourth planet out from Regulus and Saturn is the

sixth planet out from the sun. This was, it would seem, because

Regulus was more massive than the sun, and more massive starshave solar systems that are packed looser. Any conclusion

someone might come to looking at the orbital systems of Jupiter

and Saturn. If you look at the major moons of Jupiter, the Galilean

Satellites, each successive moon, for the most part, is about 1.6

times further from Jupiter than the previous, whereas with Saturn

for the most part a glance at some of the major moons will yield a

factor of about 1.2, and Jupiter is more massive than Saturn by

about 3.34 times.

Being the fourth planet out from Regulus meant their planet had

something to do with Mars, because it is the fourth planet out from

the Sun. Salvoretti was beginning to discover that Mars was meant

to be New Earth, and that the Sun, a yellow star, was connected to

blue stars, or more precisely, to absolute magnitude zero stars or

there about, in particular where life was concerned. Indeed, if

humanity was to become a space faring civilization, it should start

by colonizing Mars, the one planet worth doing as such. And

indeed this was why Alien one and Alien two were sent to earth

orbit by The Galactic Federation Of Worlds, to usher the people of

Earth into the Galactic community, into the Galactic Federation of

Worlds. They knew, too, that Stars like the Sun, and their habitable

planets, were tied up in the destiny of those who lived in stellar


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systems like Regulus, stars of absolute magnitude zero, or close to

it, blue stars on the Main Sequence.

However, Alien one and Alien two were not exactly from Regulus.

They lived there because their ancestors colonized a habitableplanet there. Really, Regulus is a very young star, compared to the

sun. The sun is about 5 billion years old, Regulus a mere 30

million years old. It began when mammals were just taking to land

on earth, and it was only some 25 million years later when

hominids began to walk upright on earth. The first single celled life

appeared on earth 600 million years before homo sapiens, that is

about how long it took for intelligent life to arise on earth. For

there to have been intelligent life native to a planet orbitingRegulus, it could have only come about through hyper-evolution.


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Chapter 7: Prelude

Leonard answers the door of his house.

Alien one: Hello good sir, you wanted to make contact with Aliens from another star

system. We are they. It may be hard for you to believe it would be that easy, so, to proveit, we will reveal our true form.

They were different looking than humans but not so different as much as they were

modifications, they had something in common with them. It was as though they evolvedfrom the same form, not unreasonable to think since the laws of the Universe are the

same everywhere. Indeed it has been discovered on earth that is not certain to be entirely

true in all space and time, though it was true enough to apply such reasoning to Alien

one and Alien two. They were more sleek, more slender, more refined, their feet moreslender but longer for better support. Their hands too, longer, and more slender, fingers

more narrow, providing higher dexterity. Their cranium slightly enlarged at the top for

more sophisticated mental capacities and they were orange!

Alien two: Forget our actual names, they may be more of a strain to use than it would be

worth you trying to know. Just call us alien one and alien two. I am alien two.

Leonard: My intuition told me I would meet you soon, but I didnt know it would be sosoon.

Alien one: We are here to extend an invitation you, Tara, and your wife, to travel in spacewith a starship that can jump through hyperspace. It will be easy to operate. It can be

controlled with your thoughts through your hands, when placed in hand shaped molds in

the control console, just the type of ship your Asimov predicted in his science fiction.You will have all knowledge to use the ship downloaded to your mind. That was atechnology your Arthur C. Clarke predicted for the future of humanity in his science

fiction.

Alien two: We are not of the belief we can hand you our technology on a platter that is toall of earth. We can share it when you have become a space faring civilization, that is,

when your average citizen can operate and maintain a small ship that can go to the stars,

and when the people of earth are coming and going. But we can interact somewhat with

people like you who are of the more advanced thinking on your planet, because, after allyour planet has entered the space age. You have sent unmanned rovers to Mars, you have

done a manned mission to the moon and one of your unmanned vessels has left the solarsystem. Why we cannot hand you technology that could save your world is because we

do not know how everything started or for what reason. We believe your search for theorigins of Tarot may be important to answering such questions, even though it goes

against all rational belief. We simply cannot rule anything out, because as advanced as

we are compared to you technologically and physically, we dont have all the answers.


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Alien one: We have been able to know of your work by rummaging through your mind.

We can do that without being invasive. Many people on your planet would put suchcapability towards evil ends, but we do not. Dont think we were as Angelic as this in

your phase of development, but we did make it past greed, past being a people of war,

past being a people of control, and that is why we made it into being a spacefaring

people. Your world is at a crucial point in its history where if it does not make it pastsuch ways of being, it will go extinct as opposed to become a space faring civilization,

which is crucial to its continued survival. Your head is in the right place, and you know

you need to clean the carbon grid, and we know you believe you have a chance of

figuring it out in time. We also know you believe it is possible to figure out how to takethe heat retaining gases out of the air that are already there. It is people like you who

make a difference. We are offering you a ship to travel in which you can travel the galaxy

because we believe humans are an important component of the future of space fairing

civilizations in this galaxy as are other worlds that have yet to become as such. So, go onyour search for the origins of Tarot, and we will make further contact when it is time for

you to take this ship into space. And bring lots of cigarettes!

They returned to Homo sapien form, and left.


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Chapter 8: Prelude

Blue stars on the main sequence around absolute magnitude zero areimportant to intelligent life in the universe because they are where a star

begins to have too much mass to last long enough on the main sequence togive life a chance to develop into intelligence. If the earth is any indicationof how old a star needs to be to allow for this, it took in the area of 600million years for life to evolve into intelligence on earth, and that processdidnt even begin until several billion years after the earth formed. Bluestars are so massive that they are hotter than yellow stars like the sun, andthereby burn up their fuel quicker. They stay on the main sequence forabout 200 million years. This means since they never develop intelligentlife, then they are not taken and civilizations from other star systems caninhabit them if they have habitable planets. Who gets what is determinedin a democratic process by The Galactic Federation Of Worlds.


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Chapter 9: Prelude

Leonard was at the corner newsstand with his wife, Anne. He

pulled out an unopened box of cigarettes to open and smoke one.

He felt as he pulled the cellophane tab of the cellophane pull strip

and unwound it to separate the cellophane covering the lid from

that of the body of the pack he was releasing the air into his safety

tank for breathing in space. When he tilted open the box top, he

was engaging the mechanism to his propulsion tanks. When he

pulled out the aluminum tab that covered the cigarettes, he felt he

was giving the okay to both mechanisms to operate, then when he

took out the cigarette he was already dedocked from the ship andmoving through space both breathing and being propelled in a

space walk in his spacesuit.

Everyone around him was watching and learning. It was clear to

him that Scientist one and Scientist two had used psychology to

embed such a demonstration in him of how to space walk as part of

a program between Italy and the United States to educate the

public on an aspect of space travel they may one day need to know,if they could indeed catapult the Earth into a space faring

civilization.


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Chapter 10: Prelude

Leonard knew Alpha Centauri was the closest star system to earth, and that it was a triple

system some 4.2 light years away. He also knew the primary, Alpha Centauri A, was a

G2V main sequence star, which makes it the same kind of star as the Sun; similar in size,

luminosity, and temperature. He noted that as seen from the Earth, the star had anapparent magnitude of zero. He had found that stars of absolute magnitude zero on the

main sequence, which are blue and hotter than the sun, were important.

He knew that the sun had an absolute magnitude of 4.83, which was its brightness fromten parsecs. He knew a parsec was important because it was the parallax of an object

given by the earth-sun separation. In addition, he knew 10 was important, because

humans have 10 fingers, and that probably had something to do with the base 10 counting

system. Again, he began to see the importance in main sequence stars of apparentmagnitude zero. Therefore, he asked, how far should a zero absolute magnitude main

sequence star be from the earth to appear the same as the brightness of the sun at 10

parsecs from the earth?

He rounded the absolute magnitude of the sun to five. A difference in five magnitudes is

100 solar luminosities. Absolute magnitude zero stars were close to 100 solar

luminosities. To reduce the brightness of a star 100 times what it was at 10 parsecs meant

by the inverse square law it had to be 10 times further away, because 10 squared is 100.His hypothetical star was then 100 parsecs distant. He knew a parsec was 3.26 light years,

so it was then 326 light years from him.

The galaxy had some two hundred billon stars in it and was some 100 to 200 thousand

light years across and some 1000 light years thick Therefore, he had to choose a

constellation. Since Perseus was the radiant of the most spectacular meteor shower onearth whose maximum was around August 12 (called the Perseid Meteor Shower), hewent to the Bright Star Catalogue and looked under the listings for Perseus for a star that

met his criteria.

The star that came up was called HD 26961, which had apparent magnitude of 4.60 closeenough to the absolute magnitude of the sun of 4.83, an absolute magnitude of 0.35,

close enough to zero, a distance from earth of 318 light years, close to his 326 light years

projected in his calculation, and a spectral class of A2V, the roman numeral V meant

main sequence, or a normal star like the sun, on the curve right up the middle of an HRDiagram an S shaped curve that had on either side of it Red Giants and White Dwarfs,

which are off the main sequence, the HR diagram being a sort of plot of luminosity ofstars versus their temperature. When Alien one and Alien two gave him his space ship,

this was where he would go after visiting Ursa Major, the nearest star cluster. Leonardmade the following table and entered it in his journal:


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Chapter 11: Prelude

That which had come to pass was, after enough years passed that

humans needed to colonize mars, it was time for more advanced

civilizations that had already colonized their fourth planet, tocolonize a new star system. This is when for some that blue stars

came into demand. As such the civilizations of the Galaxy were in

Sync with one another. The drama of the Galaxy was like a great

symphony. It was such a time for the people of Earth, and, their

sister worlds. All at the same level to their fourth planet, and at a

higher level to a blue star. No living being in the Galaxy knew

why, and Alien one and Alien two thought Leonard might find the

answer in his search for the origins of Tarot and what it meant.


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preludes by ian beardsley

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