Elements and Compound

Prelude

Elements & CompoundS

Cleopatra N. Cruz

Third Year

http://www.google.com.sg/imglanding?q=elements%20and%20compounds&imgurl=http://www.mghs.sa.edu.au/Internet/Faculties/Science/Year10/Pics/elementsAndCompounds.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mghs.sa.edu.au/Internet/Faculties/Science/Year10/elementsAndCompounds.htm__

2

Objectives

At the end of the lesson the students will be able to

Define and differentiate elements and compounds

Enumerate examples of elements and compounds

Perform an experiment to demonstrate difference on elements and compound

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Recall

What is MATTER?

What do they THINK?

Investigate!

What do they SEE?

Macroscopic Level

NaHCO3

KI

Teach key concepts

Define Elements

Tell: All matter is made up of ELEMENTS

Teach: Display a large Periodic Table.

Explain all the known elements are in the periodic table, represented by symbols

Teach Key Concepts

Periodic Table &Chemical Symbols

Where can we find the known elements?

http://www.google.com.sg/imglanding?q=elements%20and%20compounds&imgurl=http://www.mghs.sa.edu.au/Internet/Faculties/Science/Year10/Pics/elementsAndCompounds.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mghs.sa.edu.au/Internet/Faculties/Science/Year10/elementsAndCompounds.htm&usg=__BICH2l4FwRlQWxVeikHDiFbgtxI=&h=398&w=498&sz=9&hl=en&sig2=OvbJYuaX5hSY1RolAlGKzQ&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=azSUYmdY1epM5M:&tbnh=104&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Delements%2Band%2Bcompounds%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DX%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=vRbFS7TcOIyxrAfw0NWUDg&um=1&lr=&sa=X&tbs=isch:1&start=0#tbnid=EnWNrRdokhAboM&start=6

Na

Cl

H

O

Fe

S

METALS

NON-METALS

METALLOIDS

Types of Atoms

ATOMS

Of SOLID

Particles are closely packed and close contact with each other

coin

Atoms of Elements

ATOMS of

LIQUID

Atoms are distant and has space between them

Milk

Atoms of Elements

ATOMS of

(monoatomic)

Gases

Atoms are far apart and randomly move

aerosol

Teach Key Concepts

Defining Compounds

Focus: Explain that most elements in nature are found combined with other elements

Teach: Write the definition of compound on the board.

Underline the phrases pure substance, chemically combined, and set ratio.

What does a chemical formula tell you about a compound?

How do we combine elements?

C

O

Na

Cl

H

O

Na

H

C

O

CO

NaCl

H2O

NaHCO3

Formation of Compounds

Hydrogen (H2) + Oxygen (O2) H2O (water)

Sodium (Na) + Chlorine (Cl) NaCl (salt)

O

H

H

Na

Cl

Activity 2 Elements and Compound

Watch a video clip to perform similar activity

Prepare a an activity sheet to record your data

Answer the guide questions

Work in group

Present your output in a prepared manila paper

Video Clips on Experiment

Discussion

1.Does iron in the mixture still have the properties of pure iron?

2.Does sulphur in the mixture still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell?

3.What can you do to prove that the iron and sulphur still retain their properties?

DISCUSSION

If the mixture of the iron and sulphur is heated, the mixture glows and a new substance is formed. This substance is a compound called iron sulfide.

Does iron in the compound still have the properties of pure iron? How can you tell?

Does sulphur in the compound still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell?

Presentation of Results

ElementsCompoundWord EquationIron(II) + Sulfur Iron(II) sulfideSymbolsFe 2+ + S FeSMolecular

SUMMARY

-A _________ that cannot be broken down into simpler substance.

-It is the___________ substance.

- It is represented by__________

How can you tell one element from the other?

-Each element can be identified by its physical and chemical properties.

pure substance

simplest

symbols

specific

ELEMENTS

Exercises

Gold

Oxygen

Symbolic Level

Au

O2

Microscopic Level

Macroscopic Level

Compound

A compound is a substance formed when two or more elements are chemically joined

A+BAB

AC + BD ADBC

ABC+D BCD+A

When the elements are joined, the atoms lose their individual properties and have different properties from the elements they are composed of.

Lets try this

Qs: Why are compounds a kind of pure substance?

Ans: Compounds are single type of matter with specific make up and specific properties

Qs: How are compounds different from the elements that make up them?

Ans: Compounds have different properties

Macroscopic Level

Microscopic Level

Symbolic Level

Exercise

+

2H2 + O2 2H2O

REFERENCES

Books

Tan Yin Toon et al, Chemistry Matters. Elements and Compound. C.O.S Printers Pte Ltd, Singapore

Brown, Theodore. Chemistry, The Central Science, Pearson Educational Inc.,USA

Website

Science Interactive, Teachers Express. California, USA

http://www.google.com.sg/imglanding?q=elements%20and%20compounds&imgurl

Activity 1

Teacher will bring some of the objects into the classroom.

The students in groups will classify 1 substance as to kind of matter that make up the things they see.

To understand the nature of matter, it helps to identify whether this is simple or complex.

Simple if it has one element or complex if it has more than one element.

Write the name of the substance in 1/8 manila paper and flash in the class

Lets try this one!

1.Which of the given substances can be split-up or broken down into its elements?

Carbon

Copper

Water

Oxygen

Correct !

Compounds are made up of two or more elements forming a molecule.

2. The elements of hydrogen and oxygen were combined to form water. Arrange the following atoms and molecules according to its occurrence.

W

X

Y

Z

YWXZ

ZXWY

WXYZ

XYZW

H2

O2

Correct !

Feedback:

Hydrogen has smaller molecule compared with oxygen because of lower atomic mass.

H(atom )+O(atom) H2Omolecule

3.Iron fillings and sulfur powder formed a mixture. Which of the two substances retained its original properties?

A. Iron

B. Sulfur

C. Both Iron and Sulfur

D. Neither Iron nor Sulfur

Correct !

Feedback: Neither retained its original properties. The compound formed is entirely new because it has different properties from the elements.

4.The element magnesium burns with oxygen. Which is true in this chemical reaction?

Heat is used to break down the compound into elements.

The compound formed has the same properties of the elements combined.

Heat or light are not necessary components in the formation of compounds.

When the element magnesium burns with oxygen, a new substance magnesium oxide is formed.

Correct !

Feedback: Neither retained its original properties. The compound formed is entirely new because it has different properties from the elements.

5.From the reaction of iron and sulfur, what new properties of iron and sulfur were observed?

It was black and brittle

It was powdery and yellow

It was silvery black and hard

It was white, fine textured particles

Correct !

Feedback

The new substance formed which is iron sulfide has different properties from the original properties of elements combined.

Incorrect!

Microsoft Office

Word Document

Microsoft Office

Word Document

Microsoft Office

Word Document

Activity 2

Elements and Compounds

Objectives

1. To differentiate elements and compounds

2. To classify the active ingredients of some materials as element or compound

Materials:

Iron-sulphur mixture watch glass (2)magnet rod

Alcohol lampspatula

Tong test tube (1)

Procedure/ Discussion

1. Get from your teacher a sample of a mixture of two elements, iron and sulphur

a. Does iron in the mixture still have the properties of pure iron?

b. Does sulphur in the mixture still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell?

c. What can you do to prove that the iron and sulphur still retain their properties?

2. If the mixture of the iron and sulphur is heated, the mixture glows and a new substance is formed. This substance is a compound called iron sulfide.

Find out from references the properties of iron sulfide.

a. Does iron in the compound still have the properties of pure iron? How can you tell?

b. Does sulphur in the compound still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell?

c. Find out the active ingredients (the substance that makes the material work) or the main component in each of the following substances. Is the active or main ingredient an element or a compound? If a compound, name all the elements found in the active ingredient.

i. Biogesic

ii. Steel

iii. Baking soda

iv. Rust

v. Pencil lead

Conclusion

Compare elements and compound in terms of properties

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Microsoft Office

Word Document

Microsoft Office

Word Document

Activity 2

Elements and Compounds

Objectives

1. To differentiate elements and compounds

2. To classify the active ingredients of some materials as element or compound

Materials:

Iron-sulphur mixture watch glass (2)magnet rod

Alcohol lampspatula

Tong test tube (1)

Procedure/ Discussion

1. Get from your teacher a sample of a mixture of two elements, iron and sulphur

a. Does iron in the mixture still have the properties of pure iron?

b. Does sulphur in the mixture still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell?

c. What can you do to prove that the iron and sulphur still retain their properties?

2. If the mixture of the iron and sulphur is heated, the mixture glows and a new substance is formed. This substance is a compound called iron sulfide.

Find out from references the properties of iron sulfide.

a. Does iron in the compound still have the properties of pure iron? How can you tell?

b. Does sulphur in the compound still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell?

c. Find out the active ingredients (the substance that makes the material work) or the main component in each of the following substances. Is the active or main ingredient an element or a compound? If a compound, name all the elements found in the active ingredient.

i. Biogesic

ii. Steel

iii. Baking soda

iv. Rust

v. Pencil lead

Conclusion

Compare elements and compound in terms of properties

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2

Elements and Compounds

Discussion

Objectives

1. To differentiate elements and compounds

2. To classify the active ingredients of some materials as element or compound

Materials:

Iron-sulphur mixture watch glass (2)magnet rod

Alcohol lampspatula

Tong test tube (1)

Procedure/ Discussion

1. Get from your teacher a sample of a mixture of two elements, iron and sulfur

2. Describe the properties of iron and sulfur before heating

Physical Properties of Iron

Physical Properties of Sulfur

1. Hard

2. Black

3. Sharp

4. Attracted to magnet

1. powdery

2. yellow

3. fine

4. not attracted to magnet

How can you tell?

a. Does iron in the mixture still have the properties of pure iron? Yes

b. Does sulphur in the mixture still have the properties of pure sulphur? Yes

c. What can you do to prove that the iron and sulphur still retain their properties? We can still separate the mixture by physical means, eg magnet

3. If the mixture of the iron and sulphur is heated, the mixture glows and a new substance is formed. This substance is a compound called iron sulfide.

Properties of Iron(II) sulfide

1. The mixture glow and a black solid

2. With strong unpleasant smell

3. Hard

4. Not attracted to magnet

a. Does iron in the compound still have the properties of pure iron? How can you tell? Not at all. Because changed in physical properties

b. Does sulphur in the compound still have the properties of pure sulphur? How can you tell? Not at all. Because changed in physical properties

4. Representation

heat

a. Iron (II) + sulfur iron (II) sulfide

(heat)

b. Fe2+ + S FeS

5. atom + atom compound

element +element compound

+

Fe2+SFeS

a. Find out the active ingredients (the substance that makes the material work) or the main component in each of the following substances. Is the active or main ingredient an element or a compound? If a compound, name all the elements found in the active ingredient.

i. Biogesic

ii. Steel

iii. Baking soda

iv. Rust

v. Pencil lead

Conclusion

Compare elements and compound in terms of properties

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________