precision spectroscopy in the charmonium mass region using antiproton annihilation panda at fair
DESCRIPTION
Precision spectroscopy in the charmonium mass region using antiproton annihilation PANDA at FAIR. Goal. In the next 1-2 years PANDA should prepare a physics book that details specific observables and background, provides detailed simulations of the sensitivity to the physics parameters. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Precision spectroscopy in the charmonium mass region using
antiproton annihilation
PANDA at FAIR
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Goal
• In the next 1-2 years PANDA should prepare a physics book that details specific observables and background, provides detailed simulations of the sensitivity to the physics parameters
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Main Physics Issues at PANDA
• Confinement– Charmonium (see talk of Diego Bettoni)– Existence of exotic hadrons ()
• Properties of hadrons– Hadronic mass, charm in matter (A. Gillitzer)– EM coupling, DY, hard processes etc. (Michael Düren)– Spectroscopy of charmed baryons ()– New D-Meson states– New baryon states “at the end of the alphabet”
• Strange Baryons in strong fields (J. Pochodzalla)
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Precision Spectroscopy
• High statistical precision
• High mass resolution– Crystal Ball: typical
resolution ~ 10 MeV– Fermilab: 240 keV
p/p < 10-4 needed
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
G. Bali et al., hep-lat/0003012
Confinement on the Lattice
aV(r) br
r= - +
q q
Distance between Quarks [fm]
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Quark-Antiquark Binding Charmonium Physics
DD
DD*
ψ(11D2)
ψ(13D2)
ψ(13D3)
ψ(13D1)
Mcc
[G
eV
/c2]
ηc(11S0)
ηc(21S0)
J/ψ(13S1)
χc0(13P0)
χc1(13P1)
χc2(13P2)
h1c(11P1)
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4.0D*D*
ψ(33S1)
pp [G
eV
/c]
ψ(23S1)
χc0(23P0)
χc1(23P1)
χc2(23P2)
h1c(21P1)ηc(31S0)
3.4
4.1
4.8
5.5
6.3
7.1
8.0
JP=0+ 1- 1+ (0,1,2)+ 2- (1,2,3)-
… Exclusive ChannelsHelicity violationG-Parity violationHigher Fock state contributions
Open questions …
ηc – inconsistencies
ηc’ - ψ(2S) splitting
h1c – unconfirmed
Peculiar ψ(4040)
Terra incognita for 2P and 1D-States
Spin dependence of potentialLQCD NRQCD
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
“Exotic” Hadrons
• Quarkmodels usually account for qq states
• Other color neutral configurations with same quantum numbers can (and will mix)
• Decoupling only possible for
– narrow states– vanishing leading
qq term
(q )(q )q q
+
(q )gq
+
gg
+
= (q ) gi i j jq
+........
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Hadronic Molecules: Example f0
• Breit-Wigner will be distorted near thresholds. (Haidenbauer,Hanhart, Kalishnikova,...)
• Flatte
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Charmed Hybrids
• LQCD: –gluonic excitations of the
quark-antiquark-potential may lead to bound states
– -potentialfor one-gluon exchange
– -potential from excited gluon flux
–mHcc ~ 4.2-4.5 GeV/c2
• Light charmed hybrids
could be narrow if open
charm decays are
inaccessible or suppressed
3
3.5
4
1 2
R/r0
V(R)/GeV
J/ψ
χc
ψ‘
Hcc
DD
RBRB
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Charm Hybrids
distance between quarksGround state has spin exotic quantum numbers
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Glueballs
gg
g
RG
GR
BGGRRB
C. Morningstar PRD60, 034509 (1999)Self interaction between gluons
Construction of color-neutral hadrons with gluons possible
exotic glueballs don‘t mix with mesons (qq)
0--, 0+-, 1-+, 2+-, 3-+,...
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Recently Discovered Hadrons
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
126753 Events in peak
27333 Events in peak
M = 2316.8 0.4 MeV/c2 = 8.6 0.5 MeV/c2
Resolution from MC is
= 8.9 0.2 MeV/c2
M = 2317.6 1.3 MeV/c2 = 8.8 1.1 MeV/c2
DsJ*(2317)+ Ds+π0
Ds+ K+K–π+π0
DsJ*(2317)+ Ds+π0
Ds+ K+K–π+
Com
bin
ato
rial D
S*+
DS
*+(2
11
2)
BABAR
BABAR
New State in Two Ds+ Modes
Babar, Aubert et al., PRL 90(2003)242001
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
ΔM = 344.6 ± 1.2 MeV/c2
M = 2456.5 ± 1.4 MeV/c2
Ds* Sideband
m(K+K-π+π0γ)- m(K+K-π+γ)[GeV/c2] [GeV/c2]
BABARBABAR
DifferenceSignal + Sideband
Search for a Ds+π0γ State
N = 140 ± 22
m(K+K-π+π0γ)- m(K+K-π+γ)
Babar, Preliminary, PRD, Journal Draft
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Recent Open Charm Discoveries
• The DS± Spectrum
• |cs> + c.c.
• was not expected to reveal any surprises
Potential model
Old measurements
New observations
• Are these molecules?
0 1 0 1 2 3
Ds
Ds*
DsJ*
(2317)
Ds1
m [G
eV/c
2 ]D0K
D*K
DsJ
(2458)
Ds2*
JP
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Hadrons in Nuclear Matter
• Hadronic mass arises from interaction with the vacuum, expect changes to the spectral function in nuclear matter.
M. Lutz, C.Korpa, PLB 633 (2006) 43
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
• P-Linac• SIS18• SIS100 (30 GeV)• PBar production Target• RESR/CR• HESR
The HESR in the FAIR Topology
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Basic Data
• Circumference 574 m (space included for PAX extension)
• Momentum:1.5 to 15 GeV/c• HESR as synchrotron• Injection of (anti-)protons from
RESR at 3.8 GeV/c• Acceleration rate 0.1 GeV/c/s• Electron cooling up to 8.9 GeV/c• Stochastic cooling above
3.8 GeV/c
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Electron Cooling : HR-Mode @ p = 8.9 GeV/c
cooling OFF
red: horizontalblue: vertical
• Electron cooling and target ON
• Equilibrium dominated by IBS
Final rms-momentum spread with target and IBS :
3.0 x 10-5
At 3.8 GeV/c 4x10-5
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Stochastic Cooling: HL-Mode @ p = 3.8 GeV/c
Transverse and longitudinal
stochastic coolingred: horizontalblue: vertical rms-emittances
rms relative momentum spread
Including IBS+Target
Final rms-momentum spread: 1.5 x 10-4
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Example: Stochastic Cooling at 4.8 GeV/cHR- Mode
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 50 100 150 200
Stochastic Momentum Cooling at T = 4 GeV
rms
×
105
t [s]
High Resolution Mode with cut
= 10-3
105 dB, 3 W
110 dB, 10 W
115 dB, 31 W
H. S
tock
hors
t, 2
1/09
/20
05, M
om
entu
m C
ool
ing
at 4
GeV
no
tran
s
• Final rms-momentum spreadin the High Resolution Modeabove 3 GeV:
4 x 10-5
in about 100 s.
• Only longitudinal cooling:
Initial emittance will increasefrom 0.08 mm mrad to 8 mm mrad within one hour due to target-beam interaction.
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Measuring Area
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
The PANDA Detector
12 m
5 m
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
WASA Pellet Target at COSY
• Photo from test stand, now in the COSY ring
• Operational, optimizationproceeding
• Beam on target in Sept.
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Summary
• Strong QCD: many interesting open questions related to– Confinement– Hadron (spin) structure
• High rates with antiproton beams– Charm quark mass range PANDA/HESR
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Outline
• Strong QCD
• Confinement– Potential– Types of hadrons
• (Broken) Symmetries in Hadronic Systems (SB)
• Planned experiments with PANDA at FAIR
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Strong QCD
• EM=1/137 increases by ~ 2.7% between E=0 and MZ
• S rises dramatically to ~ 1 for distances of about 1 fm
Strong QCD- Perturbation theory fails
- New Phenomena appear- Confinement- Hadronic mass generation
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Charmonium – the Positronium of QCD
3D2
2900
3100
3300
3500
3700
3900
4100
c(3590)
c(2980)
hc(3525)
(3097)
(3686)
(3770)
(4040)
0(3415)
1(3510) 2(3556)
3D1
3D3
1D2
3P2(~ 3940)
3P1(~ 3880)
3P0(~ 3800)
(~ 3800)
1 fm
C C
~ 600 meV -1000
-3000
-5000
-700011S
0
13S1
21S0 23S
121P
1 23P2
23P1
23P0
031S
0 31D
2 33D2
33D1
33D2
Ionisations energy33S
1
e+ e-0.1 nm
Binding energy [meV]
Mass [MeV]
DDThreshold
8·10-4 eV
10-4 eV
• Positronium • Charmonium
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
The Spin-Dependent Potential
SD LS SS TH V V V
2
( )3
2SV
LSc
dVdVL SV
m r dr dr
1 2 2
2
2( )
3SS Vc
S SV V r
m
2
2
2 2
ˆ ˆ2 3 112
V VT
c
S r S r S dV d VV
m r dr dr
spin-orbit(fine structure)
spin-spin(hyperfine structure)
tensor
VS and VV are the scalar and vector components of the non-relativistic potential
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Why Antiprotons?
• e+e- annihilation via virtual photon: to 1st order only states with Jpc = 1--
• In pp annihilation all mesons can be formed
• Resolution of the mass and width is only limited by the beam momentum resolution
Measured rate
Beam
Resonance cross
section
CM Energy
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Central Tracking Detectors
• Straw-Tubes (or TPC…)
• MVD
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Micro Vertex Detectors
Needed for D meson identification (c ~ 100,300 m)
FZJ (IKP+ZEL+ZAT) is taking on the following activities:• System design• Simulations• Readout chain • Prototype testing• Services
Together with Dresden
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Central Tracker
Straw-Tubes alternative: TPC with GEM readout
Building on in-house expertise (TOF, WASA)IKP is taking on:
• Design - low mass (full system ~1%X0), self supporting - longitudinal coordinate: skewed double-layers, or time dependent charge division• Simulation• Prototyping
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J. Ritman (FZ-Jülich/RUB)
Prototype Development
Single Tube, Fe Sourcez-Resolution ~ 8 mm
Two tubes, Sr Sourcez-Resolution ~ 35 mm